A method for evaluating the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a service status evaluation method for inland waterway aids to navigation, comprising the following steps: 1) establishing an evaluation index system for the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation; 2) performing grading and scoring according to the evaluation criteria of each index; 3) determining the weight of each evaluation index in the service status evaluation index system of inland waterway aids to navigation by using the AHP method; 4) establishing a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation by using the Fuzzy method to obtain a comprehensive evaluation result of the service status. The present invention analyzes and compares the factors affecting the service status of the aids to navigation, comprehensively considers "qualitative" and "quantitative" factors, effectively integrates "hard indicators" and "soft indicators", constructs an evaluation index system that fits the situation of inland waterway aids to navigation, establishes an evaluation model for the service status of aids to navigation based on the AHP-Fuzzy method, and proposes a comprehensive evaluation method for quantitatively calculating the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation, which can provide certain decision-making support for the fine management of inland waterway aids to navigation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of inland river navigation aids, and in particular to a method for evaluating the service status of inland river navigation aids. Background Art

[0002] Aids to navigation (abbreviated as "navigation marks") are one of the important navigation aids to ensure the safe navigation of ships in inland waterways. As an important device for water activities, it plays an indispensable role in various ports and waterways in my country. Its role is equivalent to that of traffic lights on land, or even more important. The normal operation of navigation marks has a great impact on the safe navigation of ships. Therefore, whether navigation marks work normally and efficiently is related to the safety of shipping, and plays a vital role in the development of water transportation, marine resource development and other water operations in my country. In recent years, with the prosperity of the inland waterway transportation industry, the total number of navigable ships has continued to increase, and large-tonnage and fast ships have continued to come out. The number of ships passing through inland waterways and the density of navigation have increased dramatically. The waterway environment is complex and changeable. The safety management of inland waterways faces challenges. The need to ensure that ships navigate safely according to the instructions of navigation marks is stronger than ever before.

[0003] According to the survey, navigation marks in service often experience abnormal conditions such as damage from collision, rollover, drift, displacement, capsize, and failure of lights and other auxiliary equipment. At the same time, due to natural factors, technical level or human factors, the performance of navigation marks may be reduced. Abnormal service status of navigation marks will directly affect the navigation effect of navigation marks, and it will be impossible to ensure shipping safety and navigation efficiency. Therefore, the maintenance and management of navigation marks and the comprehensive evaluation of their service status are crucial to waterway management. Based on the purpose of navigation mark service, the service status can be defined as the operating status of the navigation mark and the performance of its navigation aid function.

[0004] At present, the research on navigation aid evaluation methods mainly focuses on the evaluation of the effectiveness of marine navigation aids, and there are few evaluations on inland navigation aids. Xu Chuanwei (2003) applied three methods, namely grey correlation analysis, fuzzy neural network and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, to the technical risk assessment of marine navigation aids from the perspective of quantitative analysis and compared the three evaluation methods. Zhang Jijun (2004), Yue Zhiwei (2014), Chen Yuge (2014), Dong Hui (2018) and Wang Yanjie (2020) respectively used fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, grey clustering and hierarchical analysis method to explore the quantitative evaluation of navigation aid effectiveness in coastal waterways. The results showed that the combination of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and tomography analysis method was the best for navigation aid evaluation. Zhang Xiaocai (2016) selected five inland navigation aid classification characteristics such as navigation aid effectiveness to construct a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for inland navigation aid effectiveness. Based on the massive information resources of inland navigation aid telemetry and remote control system, an inland navigation aid classification method based on clustering and fuzzy evaluation was proposed.

[0005] The "Yangtze River Main Channel Navigation Operation Report" from 2017 to 2019 was investigated, and the operation of navigation marks was evaluated mainly from the following four aspects.

[0006] 1) Types of navigation marks: The public navigation marks on the Yangtze River main line mainly include navigation marks, signal marks, special marks and navigation marks for regulation buildings, etc.;

[0007] 2) Navigation aids distribution: Navigation aids distribution design cycle, location range, and density (number of aids / km);

[0008] 3) Reliability of navigation aids: abnormal conditions of navigation aids (abnormality of the position, body, lights, power supply and circuits) and analysis of the causes of abnormality;

[0009] 4) Navigational aid efficiency: large-scale navigation aids, application of new technologies such as telemetry and remote control systems, and appearance standards (“Open Your Eyes” campaign).

[0010] The above evaluation is a summary of the current service status of the navigation mark. Since it is impossible to rehearse and predict the subsequent management integrity rate and possible failure rate of the navigation mark system, it is difficult to provide substantial support for the management department's next work plan. Annual comprehensive hydrological evaluation indicators for navigation mark failure maintenance should be added, such as regional failure rate, annual average failure time, and failure response time. In addition, with the popularization of digital waterways and advanced technologies, the intelligence level of navigation marks has also received more and more attention, such as the promotion and application of advanced navigation aids such as intelligent lifting platforms, telemetry and remote control systems, AIS, and radar. Through expert consultation, it is learned that the automation, informatization, and intelligence of navigation marks can greatly improve the efficiency of navigation aids and the quality of waterway management and maintenance, so the intelligence and informatization level of navigation marks should be used as an important indicator for evaluating the service status of navigation marks.

[0011] In summary, at present, there is little work on the evaluation of inland waterway aids, especially the comprehensive evaluation of the service status of inland waterway aids is vacant. In the actual inland waterway management, the evaluation of the status of aids is generally based on a single item or a few indicators, and most of them are based on qualitative analysis based on expert experience. The evaluation work is limited to one-sided and subjective qualitative work, which cannot fully and objectively reflect the problems existing in the operation of aids, nor can it reflect the support of aid management and maintenance work for the effectiveness of aids to navigation. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a comprehensive, comprehensive and easy-to-quantify evaluation method for the service status of inland waterway aids. Summary of the invention

[0012] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation, comprising the following steps:

[0013] 1) Establish an evaluation index system for the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation;

[0014] With reference to the coastal aids to navigation performance evaluation and inland aids to navigation related technical guidelines, the characteristics and attributes of the aids to navigation service status are comprehensively considered. According to the principle of hierarchical analysis, according to the hierarchical structure of "goal-criteria-elements-variables", the service status goals are divided into three criteria: basic efficiency of aids to navigation, navigation technology level, and management and maintenance level. The first two are "hard indicators" and the latter is a "soft indicator". Finally, it is determined that the evaluation indicators of the aids to navigation service status include 1 goal layer, 3 criterion layers, 9 element layers, and 29 variable layers, and qualitative evaluation and quantitative calculation standards are formulated according to the different characteristics of the indicator variables, as follows:

[0015] The inland waterway aids to navigation service status evaluation index system includes basic performance evaluation indicators, service technology level evaluation indicators and management and maintenance level evaluation indicators.

[0016] The basic performance evaluation indicators of the navigation aids include the accuracy of navigation aids, the timeliness of navigation aid configuration, the reliability of navigation aid functions, and the adaptability of distribution;

[0017] The accuracy of the navigation aid includes the signal revealing normal rate and the buoy position accuracy;

[0018] The signal revealing normal rate is characterized by the correct rate and timeliness of revealing the passage signal and the water depth signal; the timeliness standard is that the revealing time of the passage signal and the water depth signal is less than the preset time threshold;

[0019] The timeliness of the navigation mark configuration includes communication coverage, rationality of distribution, and degree of intelligent informationization;

[0020] The communication coverage rate is represented by the percentage of waters covered by inland navigation aid communication information;

[0021] The rationality of the distribution is characterized by the safety of the navigation channel where the navigation mark is located; the safety includes the ratio of the number of accidents in the navigation channel where the navigation mark is located to the total number of passages;

[0022] The degree of intelligent informatization is characterized by the types and quantity of intelligent devices carried by the navigation mark;

[0023] The reliability of the navigation aid function includes the availability of the navigation aid function, the continuity of normal operation of the navigation aid, the timeliness of information notification, and the comprehensiveness of the notification content;

[0024] The availability of the navigation aid function is characterized by the probability that the navigation aid function can be normally realized;

[0025] The continuity of normal operation of the navigation mark is characterized by the probability that the navigation mark performs its function without interruption;

[0026] The notification content includes navigation mark information, navigation mark dynamic information, navigation notification information, electronic navigation chart information, AIS service information, hydrological and meteorological information, navigation environment information, and navigation mark planning information;

[0027] The distribution adaptability includes the adaptability of the distribution to natural conditions, the adaptability of the distribution to waterways and the adaptability of the distribution to inland waterway traffic.

[0028] The service technical level evaluation indicators include operation monitoring and dispatching conditions, and navigation mark maintenance conditions;

[0029] The operation monitoring and dispatching conditions include the accuracy of monitoring data, timely alarm and departure rules, and average recovery time of abnormality;

[0030] Among them, the accuracy of monitoring data and the timely alarm departure rate are as follows:

[0031] Monitoring data accuracy = (1-[number of invalid navigation mark anomalies] / [number of navigation mark anomalies that can be determined]) × 100% (1)

[0032] [Timely alarm rate] = ([Number of timely responses to first-level alarms] / [Total number of first-level alarms × 100% (2)

[0033] Among them, the timely response to the first-level alarm means that the departure response time is ≤ [the time when the first-class task is issued] + t; t is the preset time threshold;

[0034] The average recovery time of abnormality is the average value of the recovery time of abnormality of navigation mark;

[0035] Among them, the recovery time of navigation mark failure is as follows:

[0036] [Navitime recovery time] = [Navitime on-site handling completion time] - [Navitime notification time] (3)

[0037] The maintenance status of the navigation mark includes the navigation mark normal rate, navigation mark abnormality, navigation mark appearance, and distribution optimization effect;

[0038] The rate of normal navigation mark = 1-the number of days with abnormal navigation mark / the number of days with navigation mark in slot.

[0039] The abnormality of navigation mark is characterized by the abnormality frequency of a single navigation mark and the abnormality quantity of multiple navigation marks in one cycle;

[0040] The appearance of the navigation mark is characterized by whether a top mark is set, whether the top mark and the sign are set incorrectly, whether there is deformation, whether the color is wrong, whether the name is printed, whether the paint is peeling off, and the area of ​​paint peeling off;

[0041] The effectiveness of the distribution optimization is characterized by whether the distribution of navigation marks with previous abnormality rates greater than a preset threshold is adjusted, and the normality rate of the navigation marks after the adjustment.

[0042] The management and maintenance level assessment indicators include internal management level, maintenance personnel professional quality, and supporting facilities and equipment level;

[0043] The internal management level includes the effectiveness of the management mechanism, the rationality of the management mechanism, the quality assurance system construction level, and the information system application level;

[0044] The effectiveness of the management mechanism is characterized by management efficiency;

[0045] The rationality of the management mechanism is characterized by the utilization rate of navigation aid management elements; the management elements include human resources, financial resources, and material resources;

[0046] The level of quality assurance system construction is characterized by the operating efficiency of the navigation aid quality assurance system;

[0047] The application level of the information system is characterized by the construction level and application degree of the navigation information system in navigation management; the types of navigation information system include but are not limited to: navigation telemetry and remote control system, DGPS monitoring system, AIS application system, hydrological and meteorological collection and release system, GIS navigation distribution simulation system, radio monitoring system, navigation inspection system, navigation operation information management system, navigation video monitoring system;

[0048] The professional qualities of the maintenance personnel include daily maintenance level, emergency handling ability, and navigation mark repair ability;

[0049] The routine maintenance level includes the intrinsic failure rate of the navigation mark in the waters to be evaluated within the evaluation period; the intrinsic failure rate of the navigation mark refers to the ratio of the number of days of navigation mark failure due to non-external factors to the number of days of navigation mark maintenance in a region; the non-external factors include collision, man-made damage, and natural factors;

[0050] The emergency handling capability is characterized by the speed and success rate of emergency repair and temporary establishment of beacons when the beacon fails or the navigation environment changes abnormally;

[0051] The navigation mark repair capacity is characterized by the navigation mark repair rate in the waters to be evaluated within the evaluation period; the navigation mark repair rate refers to the ratio of the number of navigation marks repaired within the prescribed repair time limit to the total number of navigation mark failures in a region;

[0052] The level of supporting facilities and equipment includes the completeness of facilities and equipment, the reliability of facilities and equipment, and the maintenance status of facilities and equipment.

[0053] 2) Obtaining information for characterizing various indicators of the inland waterway aids to navigation service status evaluation index system in the evaluated section, thereby rating all indicators in the inland waterway aids to navigation service status evaluation index system to obtain an evaluation grade set V;

[0054] 3) Use the AHP method to determine the weight of each evaluation index in the evaluation index system of the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation;

[0055] The steps for determining the weight of each evaluation index in the evaluation index system for the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation include:

[0056] 3.1) According to the relative importance of the evaluation indicators of each pair in the evaluation indicator system of the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation, a judgment matrix is ​​established;

[0057] Among them, the element aij=1 in the i-th row and j-th column of the judgment matrix A indicates that the evaluation index i and the evaluation index j are equally important; the element aij=2, 3, 4, 5 indicates that the evaluation index i is more important than the evaluation index j, and the importance increases; the element aji=1 / aij in the j-th row and i-th column of the matrix;

[0058] 3.2) Determine the weight coefficient matrix of the judgment matrix, the steps include:

[0059] 3.2.1) Calculation parameters Right now:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, n is the order of the judgment matrix;

[0062] Among them, the parameter m i As shown below:

[0063]

[0064] In the formula, a ij is the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the judgment matrix;

[0065] 3.2.2) Parameters Normalize it and get:

[0066]

[0067] 3.2.3) Establish the weight vector W of the judgment matrix A = {w1,w2,w3,…,w n},;

[0068] Among them, the maximum characteristic root λ of the weight vector W max As shown below:

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, A is the judgment matrix;

[0071] 3.2.4) Perform a consistency check on W. If the check passes, the output weight vector W = {w1,w2,w3,…,w n}, where w i It is the weight coefficient of the i-th indicator element; otherwise, return to step 1).

[0072] The indicators for consistency check of weight vector W include relative consistency index CR;

[0073] The relative consistency index CR is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, RI is the random consistency index; the value of the random consistency index RI is positively correlated with the dimension n of the weight vector W;

[0076] Among them, the consistency index CI is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] The inspection pass criteria include relative consistency index CR<CR max CR max is the preset threshold.

[0079] 4) Using the Fuzzy method to establish the service status of inland waterway navigation aids for fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and obtaining the comprehensive evaluation results of the service status, the steps include:

[0080] 4.1) Establish the element set U = {U1, U2, ..., U m The elements in the element set U represent the factors that affect the inland waterway aids to navigation, including: signal revelation normality rate, buoy position accuracy, communication coverage rate, distribution rationality, intelligent information degree, navigation mark availability, normal working continuity, information notification timeliness, notification content comprehensiveness, natural condition adaptability, waterway adaptability, traffic adaptability, monitoring data accuracy, alarm timely departure law, average abnormal recovery time, navigation mark normality rate, navigation mark abnormality, navigation mark appearance, distribution optimization effect, management mechanism effectiveness, management mechanism rationality, quality assurance system construction level, daily maintenance level, emergency handling capability, navigation mark repair capability, facility and equipment completeness, facility and equipment reliability, facility and equipment maintenance status;

[0081] 4.2) Using expert scoring and analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight vector W = {w1,w2,...,w m},

[0082] 4.3) Put each set vector in a matrix to represent the fuzzy relationship matrix R from the element set U to the evaluation level set V, that is:

[0083]

[0084] Where R|Um is the m-th row vector of matrix R.

[0085] 4.4) Establish the evaluation result vector S of the evaluated object, that is:

[0086]

[0087] 4.5) Calculate the service status evaluation results, namely:

[0088] F=S×V (12)

[0089] Where F is the service status evaluation result.

[0090] The technical effect of the present invention is unquestionable. The present invention establishes an evaluation model for the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation based on the AHP-Fuzzy method, and constructs an inland waterway aids to navigation service status evaluation index system and index scoring assignment standard with different attributes (qualitative + quantitative) and different dimensions (soft + hard) influencing factors in an all-round and multi-level manner, which can perfectly match the situation of inland waterway aids to navigation, quantify the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation, and provide certain decision-making support for the refined management of inland waterway aids to navigation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0091] Figure 1 It is an evaluation index system for the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation;

[0092] Figure 2 It is the process of calculating the index weight coefficient based on AHP method;

[0093] Figure 3 It is the comprehensive evaluation step of the inland navigation aid service status based on AHP-Fuzzy method;

[0094] Figure 4 The calculation basis for the indicator evaluation is thumbnail I;

[0095] Figure 5 The calculation basis for the indicator evaluation is shown in Thumbnail II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0096] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but it should not be understood that the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Without departing from the above technical ideas of the present invention, various substitutions and changes are made according to the common technical knowledge and customary means in the art, which should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0097] Embodiment 1:

[0098] See also Figures 1 to 5 A method for evaluating the service status of an inland river navigation aid is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0099] 1) Establish an evaluation index system for the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation;

[0100] The inland waterway aids to navigation service status evaluation index system includes basic performance evaluation indicators, aids to navigation technical level evaluation indicators and management and maintenance level evaluation indicators.

[0101] The basic performance evaluation indicators of the navigation aids include the accuracy of navigation aids, the timeliness of navigation aid configuration, the reliability of navigation aid functions, and the adaptability of distribution;

[0102] The accuracy of the navigation aid includes the normal rate of the passage signal and the water depth signal, and the accuracy of the buoy position;

[0103] The timeliness of the navigation mark configuration includes communication coverage, rationality of distribution, and degree of intelligent informationization;

[0104] The degree of intelligent informatization reflects the intelligence, automation and advancement of the navigation aids. Due to the different types of navigation aids, their navigation aids, functions and information release forms are also different. From the perspective of use, more than one identical or different means are obviously better than the navigation aid performance of a single means. Therefore, it can be judged by the type and number of intelligent devices installed on the navigation aid body, including but not limited to: intelligent lifting platforms, telemetry and remote control systems, AIS, radar and other advanced navigation aids.

[0105] When making the assessment, it is necessary to combine the experience of experts and make an assessment based on the specific conditions of the aids to navigation in the waters to be assessed. The scale is divided into 5 levels, as shown in Table 1.

[0106] The deployment of navigation marks refers to the technical design that uses different types of navigation marks to mark the navigable areas for navigable ships in accordance with relevant national standards, the natural conditions of the waters and the scale of the waterway. The basic principle is that the navigable waterway must be safe, economical and easy to navigate. Therefore, it will be dynamically adjusted according to different sections, seasons and river conditions, and it is difficult to quantify it uniformly.

[0107] It is recommended to set the rationality of navigation aids distribution as a qualitative evaluation index and divide it into 5 levels (Table 1). The rationality of the distribution of navigation aids in the waters to be assessed can be evaluated based on the distribution principles and expert experience.

[0108] The reliability of the navigation aid function includes the availability of the navigation aid function, the continuity of normal operation of the navigation aid, the timeliness of information notification, and the comprehensiveness of the notification content;

[0109] The navigation aid function availability refers to the probability that the navigation aid function can be normally realized;

[0110] The continuity of normal operation of the navigation aid refers to the probability that the navigation aid performs its function without interruption;

[0111] The distribution adaptability includes the adaptability of the distribution to natural conditions, the adaptability of the distribution to waterways and the adaptability of the distribution to inland waterway traffic.

[0112] The comprehensiveness of the notification content is measured based on whether the relevant information of the navigation aid is comprehensive, such as: navigation aid table information, navigation aid dynamic information, navigation notification information, electronic navigation chart information, AIS service information, hydrological and meteorological information, navigation environment information, navigation aid planning information, and other relevant information.

[0113] The evaluation indicators of the navigation aids technology level include operation monitoring and dispatching, and navigation aid maintenance status;

[0114] The operation monitoring and dispatching conditions include the accuracy of monitoring data, timely alarm and departure rules, and average recovery time of abnormality;

[0115] Among them, the accuracy of monitoring data and the timely alarm departure rate are as follows:

[0116] Monitoring data accuracy = (1-[number of invalid navigation mark anomalies] / [number of navigation mark anomalies that can be determined]) × 100% (1)

[0117] [Timely alarm rate] = ([Number of timely responses to first-level alarms] / [Total number of first-level alarms × 100% (2)

[0118] Among them, the timely response to the first-level alarm means that the departure response time is ≤ [the time when the first-class task is issued] + t; t is the preset time threshold;

[0119] The average recovery time of abnormality is the average value of the recovery time of abnormality of navigation mark;

[0120] Among them, the recovery time of navigation mark failure is as follows:

[0121] [Navitime recovery time] = [Navitime on-site handling completion time] - [Navitime notification time] (3)

[0122] The maintenance status of the navigation mark includes four evaluation indicators: navigation mark normal rate, navigation mark abnormality, navigation mark appearance, and distribution optimization effect;

[0123] The navigation aid normality rate reflects the navigation aid security situation in the jurisdiction, and the calculation formula is: Navigation aid normality rate = 1-number of days with abnormal navigation aids / number of days with navigation aids in slots.

[0124] The abnormal situation of navigation aids reflects the frequent and repeated abnormalities of a single navigation aid in a single month. It can be evaluated and calculated based on the abnormality frequency of a single navigation aid and the abnormality amount of multiple navigation aids in the same month.

[0125] The appearance of the navigation mark includes five grades, and the rating criteria include whether a top mark is set, whether the top mark and the sign are set incorrectly, whether there is deformation, whether the color is wrong, whether the name is printed, whether the paint is peeling off, and the area of ​​paint peeling off;

[0126] The distribution optimization results reflect the enthusiasm and implementation effect of the management departments in the jurisdiction to actively optimize the distribution of navigation marks. The determining factors include whether the distribution of navigation marks that have frequently malfunctioned in the past has been optimized and adjusted, and the normal rate of navigation marks after optimization and adjustment.

[0127] The management and maintenance level assessment indicators include internal management level, maintenance personnel professional quality, and supporting facilities and equipment level;

[0128] The internal management level includes four evaluation indicators: effectiveness of management mechanism, rationality of management mechanism, quality assurance system construction level, and information system application level;

[0129] The rationality and effectiveness of the management mechanism refer to the rationality of the use of navigation aid management elements (people, money and materials) and the effectiveness and smoothness of management implementation respectively.

[0130] The level of quality assurance system construction mainly depends on whether the navigation aid quality assurance system is established and effectively operated.

[0131] The application level of the information system refers to the construction level and application degree of various navigation aid information systems in navigation aid management. The types of navigation aid information systems include but are not limited to: navigation aid telemetry and remote control system, DGPS monitoring system, AIS application system, hydrological and meteorological collection and release system, GIS navigation aid distribution simulation system, radio monitoring system, navigation aid inspection system, navigation aid operation information management system, navigation aid video monitoring system, etc.

[0132] The above four indicators are all qualitative evaluation indicators. When evaluating, they need to be evaluated based on the actual situation in combination with expert experience. The specific 5-level scale is shown in Table 1.

[0133] The level of routine maintenance can be quantified by using the intrinsic failure rate of the buoys in the waters to be assessed during the assessment period, where the intrinsic failure rate of the buoys refers to the ratio of the number of days of buoy failure due to non-external factors (such as collision, human damage, natural factors, etc.) to the total number of days of buoy maintenance in a region. It has been changed to a quantitative indicator.

[0134] The emergency response capability is as described in the article. It is a qualitative indicator

[0135] The repair capacity of buoys can be quantified by the repair rate of buoys in the waters to be assessed during the assessment period, where the repair rate of buoys refers to the ratio of the number of buoys repaired within the prescribed repair time limit to the total number of buoy failures in a region. It has been changed to a quantitative indicator.

[0136] The level of supporting facilities and equipment can be judged by whether the supporting facilities (equipment) are relatively complete, reliable in performance, timely in maintenance, and meet the management requirements of navigation mark maintenance. They are all qualitative evaluation indicators and need to be evaluated in combination with expert experience according to Table 1.

[0137] 2) Use the AHP method to determine the weight of each evaluation index in the evaluation index system of the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation;

[0138] 3) Using the fuzzy method, a fuzzy evaluation matrix for the evaluation index system of the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation is established;

[0139] 4) Evaluate the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation and obtain service status evaluation results.

[0140] The steps for determining the weight of each evaluation index in the evaluation index system for the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation include:

[0141] 1) According to the relative importance of the evaluation indicators of each pair in the evaluation index system of the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation, a judgment matrix is ​​established;

[0142] Among them, the element aij=1 in the i-th row and j-th column of the judgment matrix A indicates that the evaluation index i and the evaluation index j are equally important; the element aij=2, 3, 4, 5 indicates that the evaluation index i is more important than the evaluation index j, and the importance increases; the element aji=1 / aij in the j-th row and i-th column of the matrix;

[0143] 2) Determine the weight coefficient matrix of the judgment matrix, the steps include:

[0144] 2.1) Calculation parameters Right now:

[0145]

[0146] In the formula, n is the order of the judgment matrix;

[0147] Among them, the parameter m i As shown below:

[0148]

[0149] In the formula, a ij is the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the judgment matrix;

[0150] 2.2) Parameters Normalize it and get:

[0151]

[0152] 2.3) Establish the weight vector W of the judgment matrix A = {w1,w2,w3,…,w n},;

[0153] Among them, the maximum characteristic root λ of the weight vector W max As shown below:

[0154]

[0155] In the formula, A is the judgment matrix;

[0156] 2.4) Perform a consistency check on W. If the check passes, the output weight vector W = {w1,w2,w3,…,w n}, where w i It is the weight coefficient of the i-th indicator element; otherwise, return to step 1).

[0157] The indicators for consistency check of weight vector W include relative consistency index CR;

[0158] The relative consistency index CR is as follows:

[0159]

[0160] In the formula, RI is the random consistency index; the value of the random consistency index RI is positively correlated with the dimension n of the weight vector W;

[0161] Among them, the consistency index CI is as follows:

[0162]

[0163] The inspection pass criteria include relative consistency index CR<CR max CR max is the preset threshold.

[0164] The steps of establishing the fuzzy evaluation matrix of the inland waterway navigation aids service status evaluation index system include:

[0165] 1) Establish the element set U = {U1, U2, ..., U mThe elements in the element set U represent the factors that affect the inland waterway aids to navigation, including: signal revelation normality rate, buoy position accuracy, communication coverage rate, distribution rationality, intelligent information degree, navigation mark availability, normal working continuity, information notification timeliness, notification content comprehensiveness, natural condition adaptability, waterway adaptability, traffic adaptability, monitoring data accuracy, alarm timely departure law, average abnormal recovery time, navigation mark normality rate, navigation mark abnormality, navigation mark appearance, distribution optimization effect, management mechanism effectiveness, management mechanism rationality, quality assurance system construction level, daily maintenance level, emergency handling capability, navigation mark repair capability, facility and equipment completeness, facility and equipment reliability, facility and equipment maintenance status, a total of 29 indicator elements;

[0166] 2) Establish a comment set V. The comment set is a set of evaluation levels given by the review experts to each evaluation object. According to the five-level scale of qualitative evaluation indicators given above, the evaluation indicators of the service status of inland waterway navigation aids are divided into five comment levels, namely: V = {V1, V2, ..., V n};

[0167] 3) Use expert scoring and hierarchical analysis method to determine the weight vector W = {w1,w2,...,w m}, The weight ai here corresponds to the weight coefficient Wi in formula 6, and the weight vector I here corresponds to the weight vector W in 2.4).

[0168] 4) Establish a fuzzy evaluation matrix R. Evaluate each indicator according to its measurement results, and list them in order as the evaluation set of indicators. Put each set vector in a matrix to represent the fuzzy relationship from the element set U to the comment set V. That is:

[0169]

[0170] Where R|Um is the mth row vector of the fuzzy evaluation matrix R.

[0171] The steps of evaluating the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation and obtaining the service status evaluation results include:

[0172] 1) Establish the evaluation result vector S of the evaluated object, that is:

[0173]

[0174] 2) Calculate the service status evaluation results, namely:

[0175] F=S×V (12)

[0176] Where F is the service status evaluation result.

[0177] Embodiment 2:

[0178] A method for evaluating the service status of an inland river navigation aid, comprising the following steps:

[0179] 1) Use the AHP method to establish the evaluation index system;

[0180] The main idea of ​​the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is to dissect and analyze complex decision-making problems, deeply understand the relationship between each influencing factor, decompose the relevant elements into the target layer, the criterion layer and the solution layer, and then build a hierarchical model based on the internal relationship between them, compare the indicators two by two, judge their relative importance, and establish a judgment matrix. By calculating the maximum eigenvalue and corresponding eigenvector of the judgment matrix, the weights of the importance of different indicators can be obtained, providing a basis for the selection of decision-making plans.

[0181] 2) Use the AHP method to determine the weights of each evaluation index;

[0182] 3) Use the Fuzzy method to determine the membership of each evaluation index;

[0183] Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is a comprehensive evaluation method based on fuzzy mathematics. This comprehensive evaluation method transforms qualitative evaluation into quantitative evaluation according to the membership theory of fuzzy mathematics, that is, it uses fuzzy mathematics to make an overall evaluation of things or objects that are constrained by multiple factors. It has the characteristics of clear results and strong systematicity, can better solve fuzzy and difficult to quantify problems, and is suitable for solving various uncertain problems.

[0184] 4) Use the Fuzzy method to perform fuzzy comprehensive calculation of the evaluation object.

[0185] Embodiment 3:

[0186] A method for evaluating the service status of an inland river navigation aid, comprising the following steps:

[0187] 1) Establish an evaluation index system for the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation;

[0188] 2) Grading and scoring according to the evaluation criteria of each indicator;

[0189] 3) Use the AHP method to determine the weight of each evaluation index in the evaluation index system of the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation;

[0190] 4) The fuzzy method is used to establish a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation and obtain the comprehensive evaluation results of the service status.

[0191] Embodiment 4:

[0192] A method for evaluating the service status of an inland river navigation aid, comprising the following steps:

[0193] 1) Establish a hierarchical structure for evaluating the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation

[0194] To establish a reasonable system of evaluation indicators for the service status of aids to navigation, not only "hardware" factors should be considered, but also "software" factors should be fully considered. With reference to the technical guidelines for coastal aids to navigation performance evaluation and inland aids to navigation, the characteristics and attributes of the service status of aids to navigation are comprehensively considered. According to the principle of hierarchical analysis, in accordance with the hierarchical structure of "goal-criteria-elements-variables", the service status goals are divided into three criteria: basic effectiveness of aids to navigation, technical level of aids to navigation, and management and maintenance level. The basic effectiveness of aids to navigation and the technical level of aids to navigation respectively reflect the basic functional attributes and operation and maintenance technical conditions of aids to navigation, and are hard indicators. The maintenance and management level of the aid to navigation department is the guarantee support for the continued good operation of the aid to navigation, and is a soft indicator. It was finally determined that the service status of the aid to navigation includes 1 goal layer, 3 criterion layers, 9 element layers, and 29 variable layers of evaluation indicators. The hierarchy of aid to navigation service status evaluation indicators can be found in Figure 1 .

[0195] Explanation of service status evaluation indicators and assessment standards:

[0196] Basic performance of navigation aids:

[0197] The accuracy of navigation aids refers to whether the position of navigation aids is accurate, and whether the passage signals and water depth signals are revealed in a timely and correct manner. The evaluation indicators are selected from two variables: buoy position accuracy and signal disclosure normality rate. The percentage is calculated based on the actual situation of the variables and the specification requirements, and the score is used as the score.

[0198] Configuration timeliness refers to whether the equipment configuration of the navigation aid system keeps pace with the times and is effective. The evaluation indicators are communication coverage, rationality of navigation aid distribution and degree of intelligent informationization.

[0199] The communication coverage rate refers to the percentage of waters covered by navigation mark communication signals in the jurisdiction, and the calculated ratio of this variable is used as the score; the rationality of navigation mark distribution and the degree of intelligent informationization of navigation marks are both qualitative indicators, divided into 5 levels, and corresponding assessments can be made according to the actual situation of the variables.

[0200] Functional reliability refers to the possibility that navigation aids can complete their specific functions without errors at a specific time and under specific conditions. It is mainly measured by four indicator variables: navigation aid availability, normal working continuity, information notification timeliness and comprehensiveness of notification content.

[0201] For a navigation mark or navigation mark system, availability refers to the probability of being able to perform the specified functions normally, and continuity refers to the probability of performing the functions without interruption. Both can be statistically analyzed based on relevant data and information, and the probability ratio can be calculated as a score; the timeliness of information notification and the comprehensiveness of the notification content both reflect the quality of the navigation mark service level, which are qualitative indicators and are evaluated according to a 5-level scale based on the specific circumstances of the variables.

[0202] Distribution adaptability refers to the degree of adaptability of the distribution of navigation aids to the natural conditions, waterway conditions and traffic conditions of the waters where they are located. Scoring is based on the degree of adaptability. The higher the score, the better the adaptability of the navigation aids to the environmental conditions. When the requirements for the distribution of navigation aids are higher, the score is reduced accordingly. Generally, the following principles are followed for reducing scores:

[0203] Regarding adaptability to natural conditions, the requirements for the distribution of navigation marks are higher when the natural conditions in the waters are more complex; regarding waterway adaptability, artificial waterways have higher requirements than natural waterways, and two-way waterways have higher requirements than one-way waterways; regarding traffic adaptability, the requirements for transporting dangerous goods are higher than general goods, the requirements for waterways with large ship flow and traffic density are higher, and the requirements for waters with more serious and frequent traffic accidents are higher.

[0204] Service technical level:

[0205] Operation monitoring and scheduling:

[0206] According to the statistical data, relevant parameters can be calculated to understand the operation monitoring and dispatching of navigation marks in the time period. In combination with the "Technical Guidelines for Operation Monitoring, Dispatching and Analysis and Evaluation of Digital Waterway Navigation Marks", the following three variables are selected as evaluation indicators: monitoring data accuracy, alarm timely departure rate and average abnormal recovery time, which are described in detail as follows.

[0207] The accuracy of the navigation aid monitoring data within a period of time reflects the reliability of the navigation aid telemetry and remote control system.

[0208] [Accuracy of monitoring data] = (1-[Number of invalid anomalies] / [Number of navigation mark anomaly information that can be determined]) × 100% (1)

[0209] The alarm timely sailing rate reflects the timeliness and reliability frequency of the maintenance team's sailing response. [Sail response time] <= [Class A task issuance time] + 15 minutes is considered a timely response.

[0210] [Timely alarm departure rate] = ([Number of timely responses to first-level alarms] / [Total number of first-level alarms]) × 100% (2)

[0211] The abnormal recovery time refers to the time from the notification of the abnormal navigation mark to the completion of the recovery, which reflects the efficiency of the monitoring, disposal and recovery of abnormal navigation mark. [Abnormal navigation mark recovery time] = [Completion time of on-site disposal of abnormal navigation mark] - [Time of notification of abnormal navigation mark]

[0212] [Average recovery time for abnormality] = average value of (all) [recovery time for abnormality of navigation mark] (3)

[0213] The above three items are all quantitative indicators. The first two items are directly scored in percentage, and the third item requires the formulation of specific scoring standards and converted into percentage for scoring. For example, the shorter the duration, the higher the score, and the score exceeding the specified duration shall not exceed 60 points.

[0214] The maintenance status of the navigation mark refers to the technical level of the navigation mark maintenance work carried out by the waterway department to provide good navigation aid services during the navigation mark evaluation period. According to the "Detailed Rules for Daily Tracking and Assessment of Navigation Marks Star Rating under Digital Waterway Operation Conditions", four variables, namely, navigation mark normality rate, navigation mark abnormality, navigation mark appearance and distribution optimization effect, are selected as evaluation indicators, and the 5-point system is converted into a percentage system for calculation and scoring.

[0215] Management and maintenance level:

[0216] The management and maintenance level of the navigation aid management department is evaluated by proposing evaluation indicators from three aspects: management, personnel, and facilities and equipment.

[0217] The internal management level is mainly measured from the management mechanism, whether the navigation aid quality assurance system is established and effectively operated (quality assurance system construction level) and the information system construction and application level. The rationality and effectiveness of the management mechanism refer to the rationality of the use of navigation aid management elements (people, money, and materials) and the effectiveness and smoothness of management implementation.

[0218] The professional quality of maintenance personnel is mainly measured in three aspects: daily inspection, maintenance, and supply capabilities (daily maintenance level), emergency repairs when navigation marks are abnormal or the navigation environment changes, temporary beacon setting capabilities (emergency response capabilities), and navigation mark repair capabilities.

[0219] The level of supporting facilities and equipment is measured by the completeness of supporting facilities (equipment), reliable performance, timely maintenance, and the ability to meet the needs of waterway maintenance and management. The following three variables are selected as evaluation indicators: completeness of facilities and equipment, reliability of facilities and equipment, and maintenance status of facilities and equipment.

[0220] The variables included in the above three criteria are all qualitative indicators, which are evaluated on a 5-level scale according to their respective current status levels or completion satisfaction levels.

[0221] Table 1 5-level scale rating table for qualitative indicators of navigation aid service status

[0222]

[0223] 2) Establishment of a navigation aid service status evaluation model based on the AHP-Fuzzy method

[0224] Comprehensive evaluation model of navigation aid service status based on AHP-Fuzzy method:

[0225] The present invention adopts a quantitative evaluation method combining fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (Fuzzy) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to establish a comprehensive evaluation model of the service status of the buoy based on the AHP-Fuzzy method. The specific method is to decompose the evaluation index system into a hierarchical structure according to the AHP principle, establish a judgment matrix according to the survey results of the expert questionnaire, determine the weight of each index after consistency test, score and grade each index to determine the degree of membership, and then perform fuzzy evaluation in different levels until the score of the target layer is comprehensively calculated as the comprehensive evaluation result of the service status of the buoy.

[0226] Indicator weight calculation:

[0227] The basic steps of determining indicator weights using the hierarchical analysis method are:

[0228] Firstly, according to the framework of target layer, criterion layer, factor layer and variable layer, the hierarchical structure model of navigation aid service status evaluation index is constructed, and then the index weight is determined by AHP method (see the process for details). Figure 2 ), and the following is a step-by-step explanation.

[0229] Create a judgment matrix and assign values:

[0230] According to the importance of each indicator element, a judgment matrix is ​​established. According to the criteria of the judgment matrix, the importance is assigned according to 1-5. The specific basis for assignment is shown in Table 2.

[0231] Table 2 Judgment matrix assignment basis

[0232]

[0233] Determine the weight coefficient of the judgment matrix:

[0234] Calculate the value a of each row of the judgment matrix separately i The product of i , and take the nth root to get The calculation formula is as follows:

[0235]

[0236]

[0237] Arranged And The components are normalized to obtain:

[0238]

[0239] The obtained standardized feature vector, that is, the weight vector is W = {w1,w2,w3,…,w n}. Calculate λmax based on the relationship between the maximum characteristic root λmax and W, the formula is:

[0240]

[0241] Check consistency:

[0242] The overall consistency of the judgment matrix can ensure the correctness of the weight vector. Common inspection indicators include consistency index CI, random consistency index RI and relative consistency index CR. The CI calculation formula is:

[0243]

[0244] RI is related to the order of the judgment matrix. The corresponding values ​​of RI are shown in Table 3.

[0245] Table 3 RI corresponding to the value of the matrix order

[0246]

[0247] Note: The RI corresponding to the 1st-order matrix and the 2nd-order matrix is ​​0.

[0248] The CR calculation formula is:

[0249] When CR is less than 0.1, the consistency check is completed, indicating that the obtained weight vector is feasible.

[0250] Weight calculation example:

[0251] To determine the weight of the service status index of the aid to navigation, it is necessary to conduct a questionnaire survey on waterway staff, department leaders, and guiding experts. According to the hierarchical structure of the evaluation index of the service status of the aid to navigation constructed in Section 2, an expert questionnaire is prepared. After expert evaluation, a judgment matrix for the pairwise comparison of the factors affecting the service status of the aid to navigation can be obtained, and then the calculation method in Section 3.2.1 is used to obtain the weight of each indicator.

[0252] The present invention uses the indicators of the basic performance of navigation aids as an example to simulate weighted calculation. According to the assignment criteria of the table, the variable layer indicators are first weighted, and the variable indicators under the four elements of navigation accuracy, configuration timeliness, functional reliability and distribution adaptability are compared in pairs to obtain a judgment matrix. The weight coefficient of each judgment matrix is ​​calculated according to formulas (4)-(7), and the eigenvector and eigenvalue of the matrix are obtained. The consistency test is performed according to formulas (8) and (9). The results all meet CR<0.1, and the variable layer weight is obtained; then the four indicators of the element layer are weighted by the same method, and finally the indicator weights of the element layer and the variable layer are obtained, as shown in Table 4.

[0253] Table 4 Weights of various indicators for evaluating the basic effectiveness of navigation aids

[0254]

[0255] Comprehensive score calculation:

[0256] Basic steps of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation:

[0257] Constructing evaluation criteria:

[0258] Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation criteria play an important role in the accuracy of comprehensive evaluation. When establishing evaluation criteria, relevant literature should be referred to and analysis should be conducted in combination with the current status of navigation aids and specific conditions of the waterway.

[0259] Step 1: Establish a factor set. The elements of the factor set are various factors that have corresponding effects on the assessment object, represented by the letter U, which is actually: U = {U1, U2, ..., U m}.

[0260] Step 2: Set up a comment set. The comment set is the set of comments given by the reviewer to each evaluation object, generally represented by V. The comments of the model are divided into n levels, that is: V = {V1, V2, ..., V n}.

[0261] Determine the weight vector:

[0262] According to expert consultation and analytic hierarchy process, the weight vector I={a1,a2,...a p},

[0263] Establish a fuzzy evaluation matrix:

[0264] Each indicator is evaluated according to its measurement results and listed in order as an evaluation set of indicators. Each set vector is placed in a matrix to represent the fuzzy relationship from the element set U to the comment set V. The evaluation matrix R is as follows:

[0265]

[0266] Determine the evaluation result vector:

[0267] Multiply the weight vector I by the fuzzy evaluation matrix R to obtain the evaluation result vector S of the evaluated object, that is:

[0268]

[0269] The evaluation results are:

[0270] Multiply the evaluation result vector S by the comment set V to get the evaluation result, that is:

[0271] F=S×V (12)

[0272] Example of score calculation:

[0273] Taking the variable layer indicators of management and maintenance level as an example, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used for simulation measurement. Since the indicators under the maintenance and management level are all qualitative indicators, the qualitative indicators are quantified.

[0274] 1) Assigning evaluation grade scores to qualitative indicators

[0275] Corresponding score values ​​are assigned to the comment levels through relevant national standards and consultation with industry experts. Table 1 has given the 5-level scale comments and corresponding quantitative scoring ranges for each qualitative indicator. Here, the average value of the interval is taken as the comment level score value, and the quantitative comment set is V = [V1, V2, V3, V4, V5] = [95, 85, 75, 65, 55].

[0276] 2) Construct the membership matrix and determine the evaluation score (only for simulation measurement)

[0277] This part of the data is collected by expert survey, and each expert rates each factor of the index system and compiles the results. The conclusions are compiled based on the ratings of each professional on each factor of the index system, and a statistical table of professional evaluation is obtained. Secondly, the proportion of the number of professionals at each evaluation level to the total number of professionals in the overall evaluation is calculated, that is, r ij , combined into a membership matrix R, and then multiplied with the transpose of the quantitative comment set V to get the evaluation score of each indicator. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0278] If the weight vector I of the maintenance management level indicator set is further obtained, the total evaluation score of the maintenance management level can be obtained according to the calculation steps (4) and (5) in Section 3.3.1.

[0279] Table 5 Membership matrix of each evaluation index and final score

[0280]

[0281] in conclusion:

[0282] 1) In view of the current status of research on inland navigation aids evaluation, on the basis of the existing navigation aids management and maintenance evaluation system, we should also consider the pre-judgment of the subsequent management integrity rate and possible failure rate of the navigation aids system; in addition to the evaluation and analysis of single factors in the evaluation and analysis methods of navigation aids, it is recommended to add comprehensive evaluation, which can be combined with the opinions of experts from all aspects and comprehensively use intelligent evaluation methods such as hierarchical analysis method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, matter-element analysis, cloud model and artificial neural network.

[0283] 2) The present invention establishes an evaluation model for the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation based on the AHP-Fuzzy method, and constructs an evaluation index system for the service status of aids to navigation with different attributes (qualitative + quantitative) and different dimensions (soft + hard) influencing factors in an all-round and multi-level manner. In view of the characteristics of the evaluation index set, the present invention proposes the steps of weight calculation based on the AHP method and comprehensive score calculation based on the Fuzzy method, and demonstrates the examples respectively. The evaluation model established by the present invention can be used to conduct a comprehensive, intuitive and quantitative evaluation of the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Establish an evaluation index system for the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation; 2) Obtaining information for characterizing various indicators of the inland waterway aids to navigation service status evaluation index system in the evaluated section, thereby rating all indicators in the inland waterway aids to navigation service status evaluation index system to obtain an evaluation grade set V; 3) Use the AHP method to determine the weight of each evaluation index in the evaluation index system of the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation; 4) Use the fuzzy method to establish a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the service status of inland navigation aids and obtain the comprehensive evaluation results of the service status; The inland waterway aids to navigation service status evaluation index system includes basic performance evaluation index, service technology level evaluation index, and management and maintenance level evaluation index; The basic performance evaluation indicators of the navigation aids include the accuracy of navigation aids, the timeliness of navigation aid configuration, the reliability of navigation aid functions, and the adaptability of distribution; The accuracy of the navigation aid includes the signal revealing normal rate and the buoy position accuracy; The signal revealing normal rate is characterized by the correct rate and timeliness of revealing the passage signal and the water depth signal; the timeliness standard is that the revealing time of the passage signal and the water depth signal is less than the preset time threshold; The timeliness of the navigation mark configuration includes communication coverage, rationality of distribution, and degree of intelligent informationization; The communication coverage rate is represented by the percentage of waters covered by inland navigation aid communication information; The rationality of the distribution is characterized by the safety of the navigation channel where the navigation mark is located; the safety includes the ratio of the number of accidents in the navigation channel where the navigation mark is located to the total number of passages; The degree of intelligent informatization is characterized by the types and quantity of intelligent devices carried by the navigation mark; The reliability of the navigation aid function includes the availability of the navigation aid function, the continuity of normal operation of the navigation aid, the timeliness of information notification, and the comprehensiveness of the notification content; The availability of the navigation aid function is characterized by the probability that the navigation aid function can be normally realized; The continuity of normal operation of the navigation mark is characterized by the probability that the navigation mark performs its function without interruption; The notification content includes navigation mark information, navigation mark dynamic information, navigation notification information, electronic navigation chart information, AIS service information, hydrological and meteorological information, navigation environment information, and navigation mark planning information; The distribution adaptability includes the adaptability of the distribution to natural conditions, the adaptability of the distribution to waterways and the adaptability of the distribution to inland waterway traffic; The service technical level evaluation indicators include operation monitoring and dispatching conditions, and navigation mark maintenance conditions; The operation monitoring and dispatching conditions include the accuracy of monitoring data, timely alarm and departure rules, and average recovery time of abnormality; Among them, the accuracy of monitoring data and the timely alarm departure rate are as follows: Monitoring data accuracy = (1-[number of invalid navigation mark anomalies] / [number of navigation mark anomalies that can be determined]) × 100% (1) [Timely alarm rate] = ([Number of timely responses to first-level alarms] / [Total number of first-level alarms × 100% (2) Among them, the timely response to the first-level alarm means that the departure response time is ≤ [the time when the first-class task is issued] + t; t is the preset time threshold; The average recovery time of abnormality is the average value of the recovery time of abnormality of navigation mark; Among them, the recovery time of navigation mark failure is as follows: [Navitime recovery time] = [Navitime on-site handling completion time] - [Navitime notification time] (3) The maintenance status of the navigation mark includes the navigation mark normal rate, navigation mark abnormality, navigation mark appearance, and distribution optimization effect; Normal rate of navigation mark = 1-number of days with abnormal navigation mark / number of days with navigation mark in slot; The abnormality of navigation mark is characterized by the abnormality frequency of a single navigation mark and the abnormality quantity of multiple navigation marks in one cycle; The appearance of the navigation mark is characterized by whether a top mark is set, whether the top mark and the sign are set incorrectly, whether there is deformation, whether the color is wrong, whether the name is printed, whether the paint is peeling off, and the area of ​​paint peeling off; The effectiveness of the distribution optimization is characterized by whether the distribution of navigation marks with a previous abnormality rate greater than a preset threshold is adjusted, and the normality rate of the navigation marks after the adjustment; The management and maintenance level assessment indicators include internal management level, maintenance personnel professional quality, and supporting facilities and equipment level; The internal management level includes the effectiveness of the management mechanism, the rationality of the management mechanism, the quality assurance system construction level, and the information system application level; The effectiveness of the management mechanism is characterized by management efficiency; The rationality of the management mechanism is characterized by the utilization rate of navigation aid management elements; the management elements include human resources, financial resources, and material resources; The level of quality assurance system construction is characterized by the operating efficiency of the navigation aid quality assurance system; The application level of the information system is characterized by the construction level and application degree of the navigation information system in navigation management; the types of navigation information system include but are not limited to: navigation telemetry and remote control system, DGPS monitoring system, AIS application system, hydrological and meteorological collection and release system, GIS navigation distribution simulation system, radio monitoring system, navigation inspection system, navigation operation information management system, navigation video monitoring system; The professional qualities of the maintenance personnel include daily maintenance level, emergency handling ability, and navigation mark repair ability; The routine maintenance level includes the intrinsic failure rate of the navigation mark in the waters to be evaluated within the evaluation period; the intrinsic failure rate of the navigation mark refers to the ratio of the number of days of navigation mark failure due to non-external factors to the number of days of navigation mark maintenance in a region; the non-external factors include collision, man-made damage, and natural factors; The emergency response capability is characterized by the speed and success rate of emergency repair and temporary establishment of beacons when the beacon fails or the navigation environment changes abnormally; The navigation mark repair capacity is characterized by the navigation mark repair rate in the waters to be evaluated within the evaluation period; the navigation mark repair rate refers to the ratio of the number of navigation marks repaired within the prescribed repair time limit to the total number of navigation mark failures in a region; The level of supporting facilities and equipment includes the completeness of facilities and equipment, the reliability of facilities and equipment, and the maintenance status of facilities and equipment; The steps for determining the weight of each evaluation index in the evaluation index system for the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation include: 3.1) According to the relative importance of the evaluation indicators of each pair in the evaluation indicator system of the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation, a judgment matrix is ​​established; Among them, the element aij=1 in the i-th row and j-th column of the judgment matrix A indicates that the evaluation index i and the evaluation index j are equally important; the element aij=2, 3, 4, 5 indicates that the evaluation index i is more important than the evaluation index j, and the importance increases; the element aji=1 / aij in the j-th row and i-th column of the matrix; 3.2) Determine the weight coefficient matrix of the judgment matrix, the steps include: 3.2.1) Calculation parameters Right now: In the formula, n is the order of the judgment matrix; Among them, the parameter m i As shown below: In the formula, a ij is the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the judgment matrix; 3.2.2) Parameters Normalize it and get: 3.2.3) Establish the weight vector W of the judgment matrix A = {w1,w2,w3,…,w n }; Among them, the maximum characteristic root λ of the weight vector W max As shown below: In the formula, A is the judgment matrix; 3.2.4) Perform a consistency check on W. If the check passes, the output weight vector W = {w1,w2,w3,…,w n }, where w i is the weight coefficient of the i-th indicator element; otherwise, return to step 3.1); The indicators for consistency check of weight vector W include relative consistency index CR; The relative consistency index CR is as follows: In the formula, RI is the random consistency index; the value of the random consistency index RI is positively correlated with the dimension n of the weight vector W; Among them, the consistency index CI is as follows: The inspection pass criteria include relative consistency index CR<CR max CR max is the preset threshold.

2. The method for evaluating the service status of inland waterway aids to navigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of using the fuzzy method to establish a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the service status of inland navigation aids include: 1) Establish the element set U = {U1, U2, ..., U m The elements in the element set U represent the factors that affect the inland waterway aids to navigation, including: signal revelation normality rate, buoy position accuracy, communication coverage rate, distribution rationality, intelligent information degree, navigation mark availability, normal working continuity, information notification timeliness, notification content comprehensiveness, natural condition adaptability, waterway adaptability, traffic adaptability, monitoring data accuracy, alarm timely departure law, average abnormal recovery time, navigation mark normality rate, navigation mark abnormality, navigation mark appearance, distribution optimization effect, management mechanism effectiveness, management mechanism rationality, quality assurance system construction level, daily maintenance level, emergency handling capability, navigation mark repair capability, facility and equipment completeness, facility and equipment reliability, facility and equipment maintenance status; 2) Use expert scoring and hierarchical analysis to determine the weight vector W = {w1,w2,...,w m }, 3) Put each set vector in a matrix to represent the fuzzy relationship matrix R from the element set U to the evaluation level set V, that is: Where R|Um is the mth row vector of matrix R; 4) Establish the evaluation result vector S of the evaluated object, that is: 5) Calculate the service status evaluation results, namely: F=S×V(12) Where F is the service status evaluation result.

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