A system and method for simultaneous real-time prediction of rock burst and adverse geology

Abstract

The application discloses a system for simultaneously predicting rock burst and adverse geology in real time, which comprises a vibration sensor for being installed in surrounding rock to capture seismic wave vibration signals, a data acquisition module connected with the vibration sensor through a cable and converting electric signals generated by the vibration sensor into digital signals and simultaneously storing the digital signals, and an analysis module for processing and analyzing data transmitted by the data acquisition module; the analysis module respectively evaluates rock burst risk and adverse geology according to corresponding analysis results and threshold values; and a method for simultaneously predicting rock burst and adverse geology in real time is also disclosed. The application realizes the fusion of rock burst prediction and advanced geological prediction, reduces detection cost, and improves detection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground geotechnical engineering technology, specifically to a system and method for real-time prediction of both rockbursts and adverse geological conditions. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid economic development, people have higher demands for efficient travel and resource development and utilization. Tunnels used for transportation are increasingly trending towards greater length, size, and depth, and regional or national water diversion projects are showing a similar trend. As burial depth increases, not only does geological exploration become more difficult, but ground stress also increases, leading to a more complex geological environment. Adverse geological formations and geological hazards such as rock bursts pose risks to construction, making geological forecasting and microseismic monitoring crucial for such projects.

[0003] Currently, microseismic monitoring is commonly used for rockburst prediction. During the process of unloading loads, the stress field of rocks adjusts accordingly. When the accumulated stress or energy exceeds the critical value that the rock can withstand, it will be released through localized deformation, manifesting as internal damage or fracturing. Microseismic monitoring can acquire real-time information on the time, spatial location, and released energy of microseismic events, i.e., internal rock damage, during this process. Researchers use this information or derived information to predict rockbursts. Meanwhile, methods such as TSP and TST in advanced geological prediction are also related to earthquakes or seismic waves. By exciting elastic waves in the surrounding rock of tunnels, the impedance interfaces encountered by these elastic waves during propagation into three-dimensional space are used to detect adverse geological bodies, as changes in geological lithology, tectonic fracture zones, karst, and karst development zones all cause changes in impedance. Microseismic monitoring and advanced geological prediction differ significantly: microseismic monitoring for rockburst prediction involves long-term continuous monitoring and does not rely on active seismic sources; while methods such as TSP and TST for advanced geological prediction often use active excitation signals such as hammering for detection and only record seismic waves after source excitation. Therefore, microseismic monitoring and advanced earthquake prediction technologies cannot be integrated; the two methods operate independently, making it impossible to simultaneously predict rockbursts and geological events, resulting in low real-time prediction efficiency for both. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a system that can realize real-time rockburst prediction and geological forecasting, improve work efficiency, and provide a forecasting method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A system for real-time prediction of both rockburst and adverse geological conditions includes a vibration sensor installed in the surrounding rock to capture seismic wave vibration signals, a data acquisition module connected to the vibration sensor via a cable and storing the electrical signals generated by the vibration sensor as digital signals, and an analysis module for processing and analyzing the data transmitted from the data acquisition module. The analysis module assesses the risk of rockburst and adverse geological conditions based on the corresponding analysis results and thresholds.

[0007] A method for real-time prediction of both rockburst and adverse geological conditions includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) Vibration sensors installed on the tunnel sidewalls are used for continuous monitoring, and the recorded vibration signals are transmitted to the data acquisition module;

[0009] (2) The data acquisition module converts the electrical signals recorded by the vibration sensor into digital signals, stores them, and transmits them to the data analysis module;

[0010] (3) In the data analysis module, the identified microseismic events are located and their energy is calculated. The location, energy information and derived information of the events are combined with the threshold of the judgment criteria to conduct rockburst risk assessment. For noise information, the seismic interferometry is used to process it into a virtual source seismic record. Then, the geological conditions in front of the tunnel face are obtained by analyzing the seismic record to determine whether there are adverse geological bodies. That is, while performing rockburst prediction, adverse geological bodies in front of the tunnel face are also predicted.

[0011] Preferably, the vibration sensor described in step (1) is installed at a burial depth of at least 1m, with at least two monitoring sections and one monitoring line. This facilitates the recording of signals with a higher signal-to-noise ratio.

[0012] Preferably, the distance between adjacent monitoring sections is 50m, and the monitoring section adjacent to the working face is 30-80m away from the working face.

[0013] Preferably, at least two vibration sensors are provided on the monitoring section.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] The application of the system and method of this invention can simultaneously achieve rockburst prediction and real-time geological forecasting, significantly improving work efficiency. Vibration sensors deployed in the surrounding rock of the tunnel form a seismic observation system. This system continuously records seismic signals within the tunnel. If microseismic signals generated by ruptures are identified in the records, the event is located and analyzed, and rockburst prediction is based on this. If the records continuously record background noise from TBM excavation, the signal is processed to form a seismic record with TBM rock breaking as the seismic source. This record is then used to identify the geological conditions ahead, achieving real-time rockburst prediction and early warning of adverse geological conditions. This invention introduces passive source detection to replace the traditional active excitation source. Through long-term continuous monitoring, passive advanced detection is achieved using background noise, integrating microseismic monitoring and earthquake early prediction technologies. This breaks the current situation where the two methods are implemented separately, achieving efficient and real-time rockburst prediction and geological forecasting.

[0016] This invention integrates two systems: rockburst prediction and advanced geological forecasting, achieving the integration of rockburst prediction and geological forecasting. This can effectively reduce personnel and equipment investment and greatly reduce operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the forecasting method of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration sensor layout in the underground engineering project in the embodiment.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Working face, 2. Monitoring section, 3. Vibration sensor, 4. Monitoring line. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] A system for real-time prediction of both rockburst and adverse geological conditions includes a vibration sensor installed in the surrounding rock to capture seismic wave vibration signals, a data acquisition module connected to the vibration sensor via a cable and storing the electrical signals generated by the vibration sensor as digital signals, and an analysis module for processing and analyzing the data transmitted from the data acquisition module. The analysis module assesses the risk of rockburst and adverse geological conditions based on the corresponding analysis results and thresholds.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a method for real-time prediction of both rockburst and adverse geological conditions includes the following steps:

[0025] (1) Vibration sensors 3 installed on the tunnel sidewalls are used for continuous monitoring, and the recorded vibration signals are transmitted to the data acquisition module;

[0026] The vibration sensors 3 installed in the surrounding rock of the tunnel form a seismic observation system. The vibration sensors 3 are buried at a depth of 2m when installed, and include three monitoring sections 2 and one monitoring line 4. Four vibration sensors 3 are installed on each monitoring section 2. The distance between adjacent monitoring sections 2 is 50m. The distance between the monitoring section 2 and the working face 1 is 30-80m. That is, the monitoring section 2 moves forward once every 50m of tunneling. The vibration sensors 3 included in the monitoring line are installed on the tunnel sidewall. At this time, the distance between the vibration sensors 3 is 2m. The distance between the vibration sensors 3 and the closest vibration sensor to the working face 1 is 40m. It also moves towards the working face 1 as the tunneling progresses.

[0027] (2) The data acquisition module converts the electrical signals recorded by the vibration sensor into digital signals, stores them, and transmits them to the data analysis module;

[0028] (3) In the data analysis module, the identified microseismic events are located and their energy is calculated. The location, energy information and derived information of the events are combined with the threshold of the judgment criteria to conduct rockburst risk assessment. For noise information, the seismic interferometry is used to process it into a virtual source seismic record. Then, the geological conditions in front of the tunnel face are obtained by analyzing the seismic record to determine whether there are adverse geological bodies. That is, while performing rockburst prediction, adverse geological bodies in front of the tunnel face are also predicted.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the equipment components involved in the above embodiments are all conventional equipment components, and the structural settings, working methods or control methods involved are all conventional settings, working methods or control methods in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for real-time prediction of both rockburst and adverse geological conditions, characterized in that, The system includes a vibration sensor installed in the surrounding rock to capture seismic wave vibration signals; a data acquisition module connected to the vibration sensor via a cable and converting the electrical signals generated by the vibration sensor into digital signals for storage; and an analysis module for processing and analyzing the data transmitted from the data acquisition module. The analysis module assesses rockburst risk and adverse geological conditions based on corresponding analysis results and thresholds. The analysis module is configured as follows: (1) Locate and calculate the energy of microseismic events, and conduct rockburst risk assessment based on threshold values; (2) The background noise passive source is processed into a virtual source seismic record using seismic interferometry, and the geological conditions in front of the tunnel face are analyzed to predict adverse geological bodies; (3) Real-time synchronous execution of rockburst risk assessment and adverse geological body prediction.

2. A method for real-time prediction of both rockburst and adverse geological conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Vibration sensors installed on the tunnel sidewalls are used for continuous monitoring, and the recorded vibration signals are transmitted to the data acquisition module; (2) The data acquisition module converts the electrical signals recorded by the vibration sensor into digital signals, stores them, and transmits them to the data analysis module; (3) In the data analysis module: (a) the identified microseismic events are located and energy is calculated. The location, energy information and derivative information of the events are combined with the threshold of the judgment criteria to conduct rockburst risk assessment; (b) the background noise passive source is processed into a virtual source seismic record by seismic interferometry, and the geological conditions in front of the tunnel face are analyzed to judge the unfavorable geological bodies; (c) the rockburst risk assessment and the prediction of unfavorable geological bodies are carried out synchronously in real time.

3. The method for real-time prediction of both rockburst and adverse geological conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vibration sensor described in step (1) must be installed at a depth of at least 1m, with at least two monitoring sections and one monitoring line.

4. The method for real-time prediction of both rockburst and adverse geological conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between adjacent monitoring sections is 50m, and the monitoring section adjacent to the working face is 30-80m away from the working face.

5. The method for real-time prediction of both rockburst and adverse geological conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least two vibration sensors are installed on the monitoring section.

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