Waveguide slot antenna design method and system

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a waveguide slot antenna design method and system, which belongs to the field of communication technology. The method includes: S1) obtaining each slot parameter of the initial simulated array; S2) obtaining the slot parameter offset of each slot based on each slot parameter; S3) correcting each slot parameter based on the slot parameter offset of each slot; S4) calculating the sidelobe parameters of the simulated array based on the corrected slot parameters; if the calculated value of the sidelobe parameter is within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, then output the corresponding corrected slot parameters as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna; otherwise, repeat steps S2)-S4) until the calculated value of the sidelobe parameter is within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, and output the latest round of corrected slot parameters as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna. The scheme of the present invention has a significant effect on sidelobe control when designing a waveguide slot antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a waveguide slot antenna design method and a waveguide slot antenna design system. Background Art

[0002] Waveguide slot antennas are widely used in microwave communications and radar systems. They have the advantages of high efficiency, high power resistance, and convenient integration of the feeding system and the radiation system. Its basic radiation principle is to form an equivalent radiation unit by cutting the waveguide surface current by slits on the waveguide surface. The equivalent radiation unit can produce different amplitudes and phases according to the different cutting positions, different angles, widths and lengths of the slits. Then, a waveguide slot antenna array can be formed by designing the amplitude and phase of the radiation unit.

[0003] When designing waveguide slot antennas, sidelobe control has always been an issue that people need to focus on. Sidelobes are also called side lobes and are generally expressed in decibels (dB). In the radiation pattern of the antenna, the number of sidelobes is the largest. Except for the main lobe, the other lobes are sidelobes. In general, the first sidelobe is the largest of all sidelobes, so the sidelobe level refers to the first sidelobe level. The sidelobe level is calculated by dividing the maximum sidelobe by the maximum main lobe. If you want to know whether the radiated power is all concentrated in the main lobe, you can find out by calculating the sidelobe level. Generally speaking, the main lobe is used to radiate or receive energy. Since the total energy is certain, if the sidelobe level is high, it means that the sidelobe will divide some of the energy of the main lobe. This phenomenon is not conducive to the normal transmission or reception of the main lobe, which will affect the normal operation of the entire array antenna system. Therefore, the lower the antenna sidelobe level, the better the performance of the array antenna system and the stronger the anti-interference ability. Therefore, low sidelobes are often required in antenna design, and even some additional methods are needed to reduce the sidelobe level. Although the existing methods can meet the basic requirements of antenna design, there is no solution for low sidelobe optimization design. That is, although the designed antenna can meet the basic needs of user signal transmission and reception, it has certain shortcomings in energy control and strength optimization. Based on the many drawbacks of the existing waveguide slot antenna design method, it is necessary to create a new waveguide slot antenna design method. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a waveguide slot antenna design method and system to solve the problem that the existing antenna design method cannot perform optimized design based on sidelobe performance.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides a waveguide slot antenna design method for designing a waveguide slot antenna that meets user sidelobe requirements, the method comprising: S1) obtaining each slot parameter of the initial simulated array surface; S2) obtaining the slot parameter offset of each slot based on each slot parameter; S3) correcting each slot parameter based on the slot parameter offset of each slot; S4) calculating the sidelobe parameters of the simulated array surface based on the corrected slot parameters, and comparing the calculated sidelobe parameter values ​​with a preset user sidelobe requirement value range; if the calculated sidelobe parameter values ​​are within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, outputting the corresponding corrected slot parameters as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna; otherwise, executing step S5); S5) using the corrected slot parameters as new slot parameters, repeating steps S2)-S4) until the calculated sidelobe parameter values ​​are within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, and outputting the latest round of corrected slot parameters as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna.

[0006] Optionally, the gap parameters include: gap position, gap inclination angle and gap cutting depth.

[0007] Optionally, in step S1), obtaining the gap parameters of the initial simulation array includes: extracting the gap parameters of the initial simulation array by using the Elliot three-formula method; or extracting the gap parameters of the initial simulation array by using the conductivity extraction method.

[0008] Optionally, in step S2), the gap parameter offset of each gap is obtained based on the corresponding gap parameters, including: importing each gap parameter into a preset three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model for far-field simulation modeling to obtain corresponding far-field parameters; obtaining corresponding near-field parameters based on the far-field parameter conversion; wherein the near field refers to a range field less than or equal to 3 wavelengths from the antenna; the far field refers to a range field greater than 3 wavelengths from the antenna; comparing the near-field parameters with preset standard parameters, and obtaining the gap parameter offset of each gap based on the comparison results.

[0009] Optionally, the far-field parameters include: an electric field amplitude value and an electric field phase value of the far field; and the near-field parameters include: an electric field amplitude value and an electric field phase value of the near field.

[0010] Optionally, the gap parameter offset includes: the angle change of the gap and the position offset of the gap; the comparison of the near-field parameters and the preset standard parameters, and obtaining the gap parameter offset of each gap based on the comparison result, includes: obtaining the calculated difference between the near-field parameters and the preset standard parameters, and using the calculated difference as the offset difference; the offset difference includes: an amplitude offset difference and a phase offset difference; and the gap parameter offset is obtained based on the offset difference calculation.

[0011] Optionally, the preset standard parameters are theoretical amplitude distribution and theoretical phase distribution; the theoretical amplitude distribution is any one of Taylor distribution and Chebyshev distribution; the theoretical phase distribution is obtained based on the phased array scanning principle.

[0012] Optionally, the calculation based on the offset difference to obtain the gap parameter offset includes: a calculation formula for the angle transformation of the gap is:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, Δθ is the angle change of the gap; ΔAm is the amplitude offset difference; θ max and θ min Am is the maximum and minimum value of the gap angle allowed; max and Am min is the maximum and minimum values ​​allowed for amplitude modulation; the calculation formula for the position offset of the gap is:

[0015]

[0016] Where Δd is the position offset of the gap; ΔPh is the phase offset difference; λ g is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the waveguide.

[0017] The second aspect of the present invention provides a waveguide slot antenna design system for designing a waveguide slot antenna that meets user sidelobe requirements, the system comprising: an acquisition unit for obtaining each slot parameter of an initial simulated array; a processing unit for: obtaining a slot parameter offset of each slot based on each slot parameter; correcting each slot parameter based on the slot parameter offset of each slot; calculating the sidelobe parameters of the simulated array based on the corrected slot parameters, and comparing the calculated sidelobe parameter values ​​with a preset user sidelobe requirement value range; an output unit for: if the calculated sidelobe parameter values ​​are within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, outputting the corresponding corrected slot parameters as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna; otherwise, using the corrected slot parameters as new slot parameters, repeating the correction step until the calculated sidelobe parameter values ​​are within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, and outputting the latest round of corrected slot parameters as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the above-mentioned waveguide slot antenna design method.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the solution of the present invention proposes a new waveguide antenna design method. Through multiple rounds of slot parameter correction, the low sidelobe design requirements are gradually obtained. In order to facilitate the explanation of the solution, Taylor weighting is used for explanation in the specific implementation method. However, this method is not limited to Taylor weighting and is applicable to various forms of waveguide slot antennas and weighting methods. The solution of the present invention has a significant effect on sidelobe control when designing a waveguide slot antenna, so that the designed antenna is more in line with the user's preset.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the steps of a waveguide slot antenna design method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the steps of obtaining the slot parameter offset in the waveguide slot antenna design method provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a system structure diagram of a waveguide slot antenna design system provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] Waveguide slot antennas are widely used in microwave communications and radar systems. They have the advantages of high efficiency, high power resistance, and convenient integration of feeding system and radiation system. Their basic radiation principle is to form an equivalent radiation unit by cutting the waveguide surface current by making a slot on the waveguide surface. The equivalent radiation unit can produce different amplitudes and phases according to the different cutting positions, slot angles, widths and lengths. Therefore, a waveguide slot antenna array can be formed by designing the amplitude and phase of the radiation unit.

[0027] Waveguide slot antennas can be divided into traveling wave arrays and standing wave arrays according to whether the terminal is connected to a load or short circuit. The traveling wave array is fed from one end and connected to an absorbing load at the other end. At this time, the electromagnetic wave propagates in the waveguide in a traveling wave state. This form of waveguide slot antenna has a wide bandwidth and good standing wave, but its efficiency is lower than that of the standing wave array, and there will be dispersion at different frequencies. The standing wave array is a narrowband antenna. The gap spacing must be half the waveguide wavelength. The electromagnetic field in the waveguide is in a standing wave state. It does not produce dispersion and has high efficiency. However, since the gap is always located at the peak of the standing wave voltage, when the center frequency is offset, the port standing wave and aperture field will deteriorate rapidly, so its bandwidth is greatly limited.

[0028] No matter what antenna needs to be designed, sidelobe control has always been an issue that people need to focus on. Sidelobes are also called side lobes and are generally expressed in decibels (dB). In the radiation pattern of the antenna, the number of sidelobes is the largest. Except for the main lobe, the other lobes are sidelobes. In general, the first sidelobe is the largest of all sidelobes, so the sidelobe level refers to the first sidelobe level. The sidelobe level is calculated by dividing the maximum sidelobe by the maximum main lobe. If you want to know whether the radiated power is all concentrated in the main lobe, you can find out by calculating the sidelobe level. Generally speaking, the main lobe is used to radiate or receive energy. Since the total energy is certain, if the sidelobe level is high, it means that the sidelobe will divide some of the energy of the main lobe. This phenomenon is not conducive to the normal transmission or reception of the main lobe, which will affect the normal operation of the entire array antenna system. Therefore, the lower the antenna sidelobe level, the better the performance of the array antenna system and the stronger the anti-interference ability. Therefore, low sidelobes are often required in antenna design, and even some additional methods are needed to reduce the sidelobe level.

[0029] Based on the above, it can be predicted that the lower the sidelobe control, the more beneficial it is for the main lobe signal transmission. Although the existing methods can meet the basic requirements of antenna design, there is no solution for low sidelobe optimization design. That is, the antenna designed by Di Ran can meet the basic needs of user signal transmission and reception, but there are certain shortcomings in energy control and strength optimization. The present invention proposes a waveguide slot antenna design method based on this problem.

[0030] Regardless of the form of waveguide slot antenna, the amplitude and phase of the radiating unit must be weighted during design. In waveguide slots, due to the limited ability to adjust the phase, weighting is generally performed only by changing the excitation amplitude of each slot. At present, there are two main ways to design low sidelobes for waveguide slot antennas. The first is to use Elliott's three design formulas for low sidelobes, but it has a low success rate, can only be designed for traditional rectangular waveguides, cannot take into account the influence of the surrounding environment and structure, and has limited low sidelobes. The second is to extract the slot conductance parameters of a finite array through simulation software or experimental measurement, obtain the relationship between the resonant length, deflection angle and penetration depth and the conductance, and then design according to the theoretical conductance value of Taylor distribution. The advantage of this method is that it can take into account the influence of mutual coupling and environmental factors between slots, but this method, like the first method, does not consider the phase change between slot units and the amplitude change caused by the conductance change when the actual array is composed. Therefore, these two methods cannot meet the weighted requirements of ultra-low sidelobes in engineering.

[0031] Based on the above problems, the present invention proposes a new waveguide antenna design method, which gradually obtains the low sidelobe design requirements through multiple rounds of slot parameter correction. To facilitate the explanation of the scheme, Taylor weighting is used for explanation in the specific implementation method. However, the method is not limited to Taylor weighting, and is applicable to various forms of waveguide slot antennas and weighting methods.

[0032] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a system structure diagram of a waveguide slot antenna design system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a waveguide slot antenna design system, the system comprising: an acquisition unit, used to obtain each slot parameter of an initial simulated array; a processing unit, used to: obtain the slot parameter offset of each slot based on each slot parameter; correct each slot parameter based on the slot parameter offset of each slot; calculate the sidelobe parameters of the simulated array based on the corrected slot parameters, and compare the calculated sidelobe parameter value with a preset user sidelobe requirement value range; an output unit, used to: if the calculated sidelobe parameter value is within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, output the corresponding corrected slot parameters as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna; otherwise, use the corrected slot parameters as new slot parameters, repeat the correction step until the calculated sidelobe parameter value is within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, and output the latest round of corrected slot parameters as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna.

[0033] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for designing a waveguide slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a waveguide slot antenna design method, the method comprising:

[0034] Step S10: Obtaining the gap parameters of the initial simulation array.

[0035] Specifically, the basic implementation concept of the scheme of the present invention is to use Elliot's three formulas or the conductance extraction method to design a waveguide slot antenna, simulate or test the actual array surface, and after obtaining the radiation pattern, use the near-far field transformation to obtain the slot voltage amplitude and phase of the actual array surface, and perform secondary amplitude and phase correction by comparing with the theoretical value to achieve precise control of the amplitude and phase of the array unit and realize the design of ultra-low sidelobe antenna. Based on the basic implementation concept, the first step is to obtain the slot parameters of the designed antenna, and then gradually optimize and correct the slot parameters.

[0036] The scheme of the present invention is an optimization scheme for a pre-designed scheme, so it is necessary to pre-build an initial model, which can be constructed based on any existing scheme, such as the commonly used Elliot three formulas or the extracted conductance method. As long as a waveguide slot antenna can be obtained, the waveguide slot antenna design method proposed in the scheme of the present invention is applicable. After completing the pre-design of the scheme, the various slot parameters of the initial simulation array are extracted based on the corresponding construction method. Based on the working principle of the waveguide slot antenna, the corresponding slot parameters that need to be collected and optimized include: slot position, slot inclination angle and slot cutting depth.

[0037] Step S20: Obtaining the gap parameter offset of each gap based on the gap parameters.

[0038] Specifically, the working effect of the waveguide slot antenna is directly related to the parameters of each slot on the antenna array, so after obtaining the complete slot parameters, the working effect of the corresponding antenna can be inferred. Preferably, the scheme of the present invention is based on the collected slot antenna, performs near-field parameter inference, and then performs step-by-step slot parameter correction based on the required effect, until the slot parameters that can map to meet the user's sidelobe requirements are obtained. When performing step-by-step working performance inference, such as Figure 2 , mainly including the following steps:

[0039] Step S201: Importing each gap parameter into a preset three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model to perform far-field simulation modeling to obtain corresponding far-field parameters.

[0040] Specifically, when the working performance is derived based on the gap parameters, the scheme of the present invention adopts a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model for simulation, and specifically applies the corresponding CST (three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software) for simulation, which is a comprehensive, accurate, and highly integrated professional simulation software package for 3D electromagnetic, circuit, temperature, and structural stress design engineers. Based on the gap parameters extracted in step S10, these gap parameters are imported into CST, and then the model simulation is performed based on these gap parameters to output the corresponding far-field parameters. Preferably, the far-field parameters include: the electric field amplitude value and the electric field phase value of the far field.

[0041] Step S202: Obtain corresponding near-field parameters based on the far-field parameter conversion.

[0042] Specifically, after obtaining the far-field parameters under the current gap parameter simulation model, the far-field parameters are converted into corresponding near-field parameters through the near-far-field conversion formula. Preferably, the near field refers to a range field less than or equal to 3 wavelengths from the antenna; the far field refers to a range field greater than 3 wavelengths from the antenna. Corresponding to the conversion result, the near-field parameters include: the electric field amplitude value and the electric field phase value of the near field. The conversion of the far-field parameters to the corresponding near-field parameters is to facilitate the subsequent theoretical amplitude and phase distribution comparison, so as to obtain the corresponding correction amount of the gap parameters.

[0043] Step S203: comparing the near-field parameters with preset standard parameters, and obtaining the gap parameter offset of each gap based on the comparison result.

[0044] Specifically, when the gap parameters are corrected, the difference between the current working performance and the standard working performance is compared for determination. The near-field parameters include the electric field amplitude value and the electric field phase value of the near field, and the corresponding values ​​that need to be compared are the theoretical amplitude value and the theoretical phase value. In order to obtain the above theoretical values, the scheme of the present invention preferably uses Taylor distribution or Chebyshev distribution to determine the theoretical amplitude distribution, and uses the phased array scanning principle to obtain the theoretical phase distribution. Among them, Taylor distribution can make the array antenna have the narrowest beam width at the specified sidelobe level, or have the lowest sidelobe level at the specified beam width, and can limit parameters based on user needs. The specific concept of Chebyshev distribution is to assume that X is a random variable taking a value on the interval (0, ∞), F(x) is its distribution function, and the mathematical expectation M(Xα) of Xα (α>0) exists, a>0, then the inequality holds. When the corresponding antenna is applied, the amplitude distribution of the excitation current on the array antenna unit makes the obtained array function conform to the Chebyshev polynomial. It is said that the increase of the current distribution on it is infinite, so the x value needs to be limited. Because the array function of the n-element linear array corresponds to the m=n-1 Chebyshev polynomial, in the sense of the array function curve, R is the ratio of the maximum value of the main lobe to the maximum value of the side lobe. The amplitude distribution of Taylor distribution excitation is flatter than that of Chebyshev distribution, making it more widely used in array antenna design, but based on user needs, users can arbitrarily choose the corresponding distribution method. The principle of phased array scanning is that it is necessary to rely on phase changes to realize the movement or scanning of the antenna beam pointing in space, also known as electronic scanning array (ESA) antenna. The antenna unit can be a single waveguide horn antenna, dipole antenna, patch antenna, etc. A phase shifter is set at the rear end of each antenna unit to change the phase relationship of the signal between the units, and the amplitude change of the signal is realized through a power distribution / addition network or attenuator.

[0045] After obtaining the theoretical distribution, it is necessary to compare the simulated near-field parameters with the theoretical distribution standard values, obtain the amplitude difference and phase difference of each gap, and calculate the corresponding correction based on the difference. The gap parameter offset includes: the angle change of the gap and the position offset of the gap; the comparison of the near-field parameters with the preset standard parameters, and obtaining the gap parameter offset of each gap based on the comparison result, includes: obtaining the calculated difference between the near-field parameters and the preset standard parameters, and using the calculated difference as the offset difference; wherein the offset difference includes: the amplitude offset difference and the phase offset difference; the gap parameter offset is calculated based on the offset difference.

[0046] Preferably, the calculation based on the offset difference to obtain the gap parameter offset includes: the calculation formula of the angle change of the gap is:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, Δθ is the angle change of the gap; ΔAm is the amplitude offset difference; θ max and θ min Am is the maximum and minimum value of the gap angle allowed; max and Am min is the maximum and minimum values ​​allowed for amplitude modulation; the calculation formula for the position offset of the gap is:

[0049]

[0050] Where Δd is the position offset of the gap; ΔPh is the phase offset difference; λ g is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the waveguide.

[0051] Step S30: Correcting each gap parameter based on the gap parameter offset of each gap.

[0052] Specifically, based on the gap parameter offset of each gap, the corresponding gap parameters are corrected in the initial simulation array to achieve the first approach of the design model to the theoretical model.

[0053] Step S40: calculating the sidelobe parameters of the simulated array based on the corrected slot parameters, and comparing the calculated sidelobe parameter values ​​with a preset user sidelobe requirement value range.

[0054] Specifically, if the calculated value of the sidelobe parameter is within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, the corresponding corrected slot parameters are output as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna; if the calculated value of the sidelobe parameter is not within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, step S50 is executed. That is, after the slot parameter correction is completed, a simulation is performed based on the corrected parameters to obtain the sidelobe value of the corrected model, and then it is determined whether the actual sidelobe situation meets the user's needs. When it meets the requirements, the corrected parameters are used as the final design parameters. The model output based on the modified design parameters not only meets the user's needs, but also has a good low sidelobe control effect. If it meets the requirements, it means that the first correction did not meet expectations and needs to be corrected again to achieve a solution that gradually approaches the fit.

[0055] Step S50: Use the corrected slot parameters as new slot parameters, repeat steps S20-S40 until the calculated sidelobe parameter value is within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, and output the latest round of corrected slot parameters as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna.

[0056] Specifically, each time a gap parameter correction is completed, a simulation is performed, and the relationship between the sidelobe performance after the simulation and the user requirements is compared. When the user requirements are met, the cycle is stopped and the corresponding gap parameters are output as the final design parameters.

[0057] In a possible implementation, the admittance g, the slot inclination angle θ, and the slot cutting depth h of each slot in the array are obtained by the Elliot three-formula method or the extracted conductivity method. The entire array is modeled and simulated using three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software to obtain the far-field pattern performance, and the amplitude mag_E of the far-field electric field and the phase phase_E of the electric field are derived. The derived far-field data (mag_E and phase_E) are converted into the amplitude Am and phase Ph of each near-field excitation unit through the far-near field conversion formula. According to the Am and Ph obtained above, they are compared with the theoretical amplitude and phase distribution, so that the theoretical and actual amplitude and phase differences ΔAm and ΔPh of each slot can be obtained. Then, according to the ΔAm and ΔPh obtained above, the angle change Δθ of each slot and the offset Δd of the slot position can be accurately calculated according to the theoretical formula. Then, according to the angle change Δθ and the offset Δd of the slot position obtained above, the spacing between θ and the slot in step 1 is corrected for the first time. Repeat the above steps until the array pattern performance obtained meets the design requirements. The -40dB Taylor weighting used in this example can greatly optimize the sidelobes after correction, reducing them from -31dB without correction to -40dB after correction.

[0058] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which instructions are stored, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the above-mentioned waveguide slot antenna design method.

[0059] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, and the program is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for making a single-chip microcomputer, a chip or a processor (processor) perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0060] The optional embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0061] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waveguide slot antenna design method, used to design a waveguide slot antenna that meets user sidelobe requirements, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1) obtaining the gap parameters of the initial simulation array; S2) Obtaining gap parameter offsets of each gap based on the gap parameters, including: Import each gap parameter into a preset three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model to perform far-field simulation modeling to obtain corresponding far-field parameters; Based on the far-field parameter conversion, the corresponding near-field parameters are obtained; wherein, The near field refers to a range field that is less than or equal to 3 wavelengths away from the antenna; The far field refers to the range field that is greater than 3 wavelengths away from the antenna; Comparing the near-field parameters with the preset standard parameters, and obtaining the gap parameter offset of each gap based on the comparison result; The gap parameter offset includes: The angular change of the gap and the position offset of the gap; The comparing the near-field parameters with the preset standard parameters and obtaining the gap parameter offset of each gap based on the comparison result includes: Obtaining a calculated difference between a near-field parameter and a preset standard parameter, and using the calculated difference as an offset difference; the offset difference includes: an amplitude offset difference and a phase offset difference; Calculate and obtain the gap parameter offset based on the offset difference; The step of calculating and obtaining the gap parameter offset based on the offset difference comprises: The calculation formula of the angle change of the gap is: Among them, Δθ is the angular change of the gap; ΔAm is the amplitude offset difference; θ max and θ min The maximum and minimum values ​​of the gap angle allowed; Am max and Am min Maximum and minimum values ​​allowed for amplitude modulation; The calculation formula for the position offset of the gap is: Wherein, Δd is the position offset of the gap; ΔPh is the phase shift difference; λ g is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the waveguide; S3) correcting each gap parameter based on the gap parameter offset of each gap; S4) calculating the sidelobe parameters of the simulated array based on the corrected slot parameters, and comparing the calculated sidelobe parameter values ​​with a preset user sidelobe requirement value range; If the calculated value of the side lobe parameter is within the preset user side lobe requirement value range, the corresponding corrected slot parameters are output as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna; otherwise, executing step S5); S5) The corrected slot parameters are used as new slot parameters, and steps S2)-S4) are repeated until the calculated sidelobe parameter value is within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, and the latest round of corrected slot parameters are output as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The gap parameters include: Slit position, slot inclination angle and slot cutting depth.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1), the obtaining of the gap parameters of the initial simulation array includes: Extracting the gap parameters of the initial simulation array by Elliot's three-formula method; or The parameters of each gap of the initial simulation array are extracted by the conductivity extraction method.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The far-field parameters include: the electric field amplitude value and the electric field phase value of the far field; The near field parameters include: an electric field amplitude value and an electric field phase value of the near field.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preset standard parameters are theoretical amplitude distribution and theoretical phase distribution; The theoretical amplitude distribution is any one of Taylor distribution and Chebyshev distribution; The theoretical phase distribution is obtained based on the phased array scanning principle.

6. A waveguide slot antenna design system, used to design a waveguide slot antenna that meets user sidelobe requirements, characterized in that: The system comprises: An acquisition unit, used to obtain the parameters of each gap of the initial simulation array; A processing unit for: Based on the corresponding gap parameters, the gap parameter offset of each gap is obtained, including: Import each gap parameter into a preset three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model to perform far-field simulation modeling to obtain corresponding far-field parameters; Based on the far-field parameter conversion, the corresponding near-field parameters are obtained; wherein, The near field refers to a range field that is less than or equal to 3 wavelengths away from the antenna; The far field refers to the range field that is greater than 3 wavelengths away from the antenna; Comparing the near-field parameters with the preset standard parameters, and obtaining the gap parameter offset of each gap based on the comparison result; The gap parameter offset includes: The angular change of the gap and the position offset of the gap; The comparing the near-field parameters with the preset standard parameters and obtaining the gap parameter offset of each gap based on the comparison result includes: Obtaining a calculated difference between a near-field parameter and a preset standard parameter, and using the calculated difference as an offset difference; the offset difference includes: an amplitude offset difference and a phase offset difference; Calculate and obtain the gap parameter offset based on the offset difference; The step of calculating and obtaining the gap parameter offset based on the offset difference comprises: The calculation formula of the angle change of the gap is: Among them, Δθ is the angular change of the gap; ΔAm is the amplitude offset difference; θ max and θ min The maximum and minimum values ​​of the gap angle allowed; Am max and Am min Maximum and minimum values ​​allowed for amplitude modulation; The calculation formula for the position offset of the gap is: Wherein, Δd is the position offset of the gap; ΔPh is the phase shift difference; λ g is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the waveguide; Correcting each gap parameter based on the gap parameter offset of each gap; Calculate the sidelobe parameters of the simulated array based on the corrected slot parameters, and compare the calculated sidelobe parameter values ​​with the preset user sidelobe requirement value range; Output unit: Used for: If the calculated value of the sidelobe parameter is within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, the corresponding corrected slot parameters are output as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna; otherwise, the corrected slot parameters are used as new slot parameters, and the correction steps are repeated until the calculated value of the sidelobe parameter is within the preset user sidelobe requirement value range, and the latest round of corrected slot parameters are output as the design parameters of the waveguide slot antenna.

7. A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the waveguide slot antenna design method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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