A multi-mode electromechanical compound transmission for a vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-mode electromechanical compound transmission for a vehicle, comprising an input shaft, an output shaft, two motors / generators, and three basic planetary rows, wherein the input shaft is connected to a first planetary row, the output shaft is connected to a third planetary row, the first planetary row is connected to the second planetary row through a clutch, the second planetary row is connected to the third planetary row through a clutch, the first planetary row and the third planetary row are each provided with a brake, the second planetary row is provided with two drive motors / generators, the drive motors / generators can be switched between two working states of power generation and electric motoring, and the switching of different working modes of the entire mechanism can be realized through the combination and separation of different clutches and brakes, and the transformation of the motor under different working states, so as to realize stepless speed regulation. The electromechanical compound transmission device for a vehicle proposed by the present invention can realize three electromechanical compound working modes and two pure electric gears through three planetary rows.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power transmission systems, and in particular relates to a multi-mode electromechanical compound transmission for a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the problems of energy conservation and environmental protection and the short driving range of pure electric vehicles, electromechanical transmission is one of the best solutions to solve energy consumption and other problems. Electromechanical transmission vehicles can improve the fuel economy of vehicles and reduce exhaust emissions without sacrificing the safety, reliability and other conventional characteristics of the vehicle. Electromechanical hybrid drive technology has great application prospects, especially for special vehicles with high power and complex working conditions, such as large buses and off-road vehicles. The electromechanical transmission system has the advantages of compact structure, smooth transmission and high transmission efficiency. Modern electromechanical hybrid transmission vehicles are gradually developing towards multi-mode, high power, high speed and high power density. It combines the advantages of fuel vehicles and electric vehicles and has practical development significance. Summary of the invention

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-mode electromechanical composite transmission for a vehicle, which has a simple structure and reduces structural complexity while meeting the requirements of multiple working modes. It can achieve stepless speed regulation, allowing the vehicle to operate in the optimal fuel economy zone while meeting power requirements.

[0004] The present invention provides the following solution: a multi-mode electromechanical compound transmission for a vehicle is provided, comprising an input shaft, a first planetary gear, a second planetary gear, a third planetary gear, an output shaft, a first motor / generator, a second motor / generator, a brake, and a clutch.

[0005] The first planetary gear comprises a first sun gear, a first ring gear, a first planet carrier and a first planetary gear, the first sun gear is fixedly connected to the second sun gear and the third sun gear, the first ring gear is provided with a first brake on the outside, a first clutch is provided between the first ring gear and the second ring gear, the first planetary gear is provided on the first planet carrier and meshes with the first sun gear, and the input shaft is used to connect to the engine and is fixedly connected to the first planet carrier;

[0006] The second planetary gear comprises a second sun gear, a second ring gear, a second planet carrier and a second planet gear, the second planet carrier is provided with a first motor / generator outside, the second ring gear is provided with a second motor / generator outside, a second clutch is provided between the second ring gear and the third ring gear, and the second planet gear is provided on the second planet carrier and meshes with the second sun gear;

[0007] The third planetary gear comprises a third sun gear and a third planetary gear, a third ring gear, and a third planet carrier, wherein the third ring gear is provided with a second brake on the outside, the third planetary gear is provided on the third planet carrier and meshes with the third sun gear, and the output shaft is fixedly connected to the third planet carrier;

[0008] The first motor / generator and the second motor / generator can operate in two working states: power generation and motoring;

[0009] Switching between different working modes is achieved by engaging and disengaging the first brake, the second brake, the first clutch, and the second clutch, and switching the first motor / generator and the second motor / generator between the power generation and electric driving working states.

[0010] The above transmission device can realize the following working conditions:

[0011] Electromechanical compound working mode 1: when the first brake is engaged, the first gear ring is fixed, and at the same time, when the second clutch is engaged, the second gear ring and the third gear ring are fixedly connected, and at the same time, the first motor / generator works in the power generation state and its speed gradually decreases, and the second motor / generator works in the electric state and its speed gradually increases. The entire speed change mechanism has the engine and the motor to transmit power at the same time, realizing stepless speed regulation, forming the first electromechanical compound working mode. At the end of the first electromechanical compound working mode, the speed of the first motor / generator is reduced to 0, and the speed of the second planetary carrier connected to the first motor / generator is 0, generating the first mechanical point of the electromechanical compound working mode 1. The first mechanical point of the electromechanical compound working mode 1 is the beginning of the electromechanical compound working mode 2.

[0012] Electromechanical compound working mode 2: at the first mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 1, electromechanical compound working mode 1 switches to electromechanical compound working mode 2, when the first brake is disengaged, the first gear ring is released, the first clutch is engaged, the first gear ring and the second planetary carrier are connected as a whole, when the second clutch is engaged, the second gear ring and the third gear ring are fixedly connected, at this time the speed of the second sun gear is still 0, generating the first mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 2; at the same time, the first motor / generator works in the electric state and its speed gradually increases, the second motor / generator works in the power generation state and its speed gradually decreases, the entire speed change mechanism has the engine and the motor to transmit power at the same time, realizing stepless speed regulation, forming the second electromechanical compound working mode, at the end of the second electromechanical compound working mode, the speed of the second motor / generator is reduced to 0, the speed of the second gear ring connected to the second motor / generator is 0, generating the second mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 2, the second mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 2 is the beginning of electromechanical compound working mode 3;

[0013] Electromechanical compound working mode 3: at the second mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 2, electromechanical compound working mode 2 switches to electromechanical compound working mode 3, when the second clutch is disengaged, the second gear ring and the third gear ring are released, the second brake is engaged, the third gear ring is fixed, the first clutch is engaged, the first gear ring and the second planetary carrier are connected as a whole, at this time the speed of the second gear ring is still 0, generating the first mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 3; at the same time, the first motor / generator works in the power generation state and its speed gradually decreases, the second motor / generator works in the electric state and its speed gradually increases, the entire speed change mechanism has the engine and the motor to transmit power at the same time, realizing stepless speed regulation, forming the third electromechanical compound working mode, at the end of the third electromechanical compound working mode, the speed of the first motor / generator is reduced to 0, the speed of the second planetary carrier connected to the first motor / generator is 0, generating the second mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 3;

[0014] Pure electric gear 1: When the second brake is engaged, the third ring gear is fixed, the first clutch is engaged, the first ring gear and the second planetary carrier are connected as a whole, the second clutch is engaged, the second ring gear and the third ring gear are connected as a whole, the first motor / generator is working, and the rotation direction of the motor / generator can be adjusted to achieve forward or reverse.

[0015] Pure electric gear 2: When the first brake is engaged, the first ring gear is fixed, the first clutch is engaged, the first ring gear and the second planetary carrier are connected as a whole, the second clutch is engaged, the second ring gear and the third ring gear are connected as a whole, the second motor / generator is working, and the rotation direction of the motor / generator can be adjusted to achieve forward or reverse.

[0016] Preferably, the first brake and the second brake are both wet multi-disc brakes, and the first clutch and the second clutch are both wet multi-plate clutches.

[0017] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] The vehicle-use multi-mode electromechanical composite transmission device of the present invention is composed of three basic planetary gears, has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and install, and has a small mechanism size. The two motors / generators cooperate with two brakes and two clutches to realize three-mode continuous stepless transmission. The first mode meets high-torque conditions such as low-speed climbing, the second mode is a medium-speed condition, and the third mode is a high-speed condition. In addition, the mechanical points when switching between modes can be seamlessly connected, that is, the last mechanical point of the previous mode is equal to the initial mechanical point of the next mode, which can effectively reduce the impact of mode switching. The two pure electric gears can realize the forward or reverse movement of the vehicle, increasing the maneuverability and flexibility of the vehicle. At the same time, the two generators / generators can also provide electrical energy to external electrical loads. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-mode electromechanical compound transmission for a vehicle of the present invention;

[0020] Among them, 1. input shaft; 2. output shaft; 3. first planetary row; 31. first planetary carrier; 32. first sun gear; 33. first planetary gear; 34. first ring gear; 4. second planetary row; 41. second planetary carrier; 42. second sun gear; 43. second planetary gear; 44. second ring gear; 5. third planetary row; 51. third planetary carrier; 52. third sun gear; 53. third planetary gear; 54. third ring gear; B1. first brake; B2. second brake; C1. first clutch; C2. second clutch; MG1. first motor / generator; MG2. second motor / generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention relates to a multi-mode vehicle electromechanical compound transmission device, comprising an input shaft 1, a first planetary gear 3, a second planetary gear 4, a third planetary gear 5 and an output shaft 2.

[0023] The first planetary gear 3 of the present invention comprises a first sun gear 32, a first ring gear 34, a first planet carrier 31 and a first planetary gear 33. The first sun gear 31 is fixedly connected to the second sun gear 41 and the third sun gear 52. The first ring gear 34 is provided with a first brake B1 on the outside. A first clutch C1 is provided between the first ring gear 34 and the second planet carrier 43. The first planetary gear 33 is provided on the first planet carrier 31 and meshes with the first sun gear 32. The input shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the first ring gear 34.

[0024] The second planetary gear 4 of the present invention includes a second sun gear 42, a second ring gear 44, a second planet carrier 41 and a second planetary gear 43. The first motor / generator MG1 is disposed outside the second sun gear 42, the second motor / generator MG2 is disposed outside the second ring gear 44, a second clutch C2 is disposed between the second ring gear 44 and the third ring gear 54, and the second planetary gear 43 is disposed on the second planet carrier 41 and meshes with the second sun gear 42.

[0025] The third planetary gear 5 of the present invention comprises a third sun gear 52 and a third planetary gear 53, a third ring gear 54, and a third planetary carrier 51. The third ring gear 54 is provided with a second brake B2 on the outside. The third planetary gear 53 is provided on the third planetary carrier 51 and meshes with the third sun gear 52. The output shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the third planetary carrier 51.

[0026] The first motor / generator MG1 and the second motor / generator MG2 of the present invention can operate in two working states: power generation and motoring;

[0027] The present invention achieves switching of different working modes by engaging and disengaging the first brake B1, the second brake B2, the first clutch C1, and the second clutch C2, and switching the first motor / generator MG1 and the second motor / generator MG4 between power generation and motoring working states.

[0028] The specific usage principles are as follows:

[0029] Electromechanical compound working mode 1: when the first brake B1 is engaged, the first ring gear 34 is fixed, and at the same time, when the second clutch C2 is engaged, the second ring gear 44 and the third ring gear 54 are fixedly connected, and at the same time, the first motor / generator MG1 works in the power generation state and its speed gradually decreases, and the second motor / generator MG2 works in the electric state and its speed gradually increases. The entire speed change mechanism has the engine and the motor transmitting power at the same time to achieve stepless speed regulation, forming the first electromechanical compound working mode. At the end of the first electromechanical compound working mode, the speed of the first motor / generator MG1 is reduced to 0, and the speed of the second planetary carrier 41 connected to the first motor / generator MG1 is 0, generating the first mechanical point of the electromechanical compound working mode 1. The first mechanical point of the electromechanical compound working mode 1 is the beginning of the electromechanical compound working mode 2.

[0030] Electromechanical compound working mode 2: at the first mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 1, electromechanical compound working mode 1 switches to electromechanical compound working mode 2, when the first brake B1 is disengaged, the first ring gear 34 is released, the first clutch C1 is engaged, the first ring gear 34 and the second planetary carrier 41 are connected as a whole, when the second clutch C2 is engaged, the second ring gear 44 and the third ring gear 54 are fixedly connected, at this time the speed of the second planetary carrier 41 is still 0, and the first mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 2 is generated; at the same time, the first motor / generator MG1 works in the electric state and its speed gradually increases, the second motor / generator MG2 works in the power generation state and its speed gradually decreases, the entire speed change mechanism has the engine and the motor transmitting power at the same time, realizing stepless speed regulation, forming the second electromechanical compound working mode, at the end of the second electromechanical compound working mode, the speed of the second motor / generator MG2 is reduced to 0, the speed of the second ring gear 44 connected to the second motor / generator MG2 is 0, and the second mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 2 is generated, and the second mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 2 is the beginning of electromechanical compound working mode 3;

[0031] Electromechanical compound working mode 3: at the second mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 2, electromechanical compound working mode 2 switches to electromechanical compound working mode 3, when the second clutch C2 is disengaged, the second gear ring 44 and the third gear ring 54 are released, the second brake B2 is engaged, the third gear ring 54 is fixed, the first clutch C1 is engaged, the first gear ring 34 and the second planetary carrier 41 are connected as a whole, at this time, the speed of the second gear ring 44 is still 0, and the first mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 3 is generated; at the same time, the first motor / generator MG1 works in the power generation state and its speed gradually decreases, the second motor / generator MG2 works in the electric state and its speed gradually increases, the entire speed change mechanism has the engine and the motor to transmit power at the same time, realizing stepless speed regulation, forming the third electromechanical compound working mode, at the end of the third electromechanical compound working mode, the speed of the first motor / generator MG1 is reduced to 0, the speed of the second planetary carrier 41 connected to the first motor / generator MG1 is 0, and the second mechanical point of electromechanical compound working mode 3 is generated;

[0032] Pure electric gear 1: When the second brake B2 is engaged, the third ring gear 54 is fixed, the first clutch C1 is engaged, the first ring gear 34 and the second planetary carrier 41 are connected as a whole, the second clutch C2 is engaged, the second ring gear 44 and the third ring gear 54 are connected as a whole, the first motor / generator MG1 is working, and the rotation direction of the motor / generator can be adjusted to achieve forward or reverse movement.

[0033] Pure electric gear 2: When the first brake B1 is engaged, the first ring gear 34 is fixed, the first clutch C1 is engaged, the first ring gear 34 and the second planetary carrier 41 are connected as a whole, the second clutch C2 is engaged, the second ring gear 44 and the third ring gear 54 are connected as a whole, the first motor / generator MG1 is working, and the rotation direction of the motor / generator can be adjusted to achieve forward or reverse movement.

[0034] The operation logic of the working states of the first clutch, the second clutch, the first brake, the second brake, the first motor / generator and the second motor / generator 2 is shown in the following Table 1:

[0035] Table 1 is the table of operating elements for each working condition

[0036]

[0037] In Table 1, √ indicates that the operating element is engaged, and a blank indicates that the operating element is disengaged, and the working states of the first motor / generator MG1 and the second motor / generator MG2 are switched between power generation and electric motoring. k1- k3 are the characteristic parameters of the first planetary gear, the second planetary gear, and the third planetary gear, respectively, which are equal to the ratio of the number of teeth of the ring gear to the number of teeth of the sun gear. k1 is the ratio of the number of teeth of the first ring gear 34 to the first sun gear 32, k2 is the ratio of the number of teeth of the second ring gear 44 to the second sun gear 42, and k3 is the ratio of the number of teeth of the third ring gear 54 to the third sun gear 52. In this embodiment, for example, when k1=3.91; k2=2.43; k3=2.00, the values ​​of each mechanical point are 3.54, 1.31, and 0.61.

[0038] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict in the specification, the various features in the embodiments disclosed in the present invention may be used in combination with each other in any manner, and the fact that these combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification is only for the sake of omitting space and saving resources. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-mode electromechanical transmission for a vehicle, characterized in that The invention comprises an input shaft (1), a first planetary gear (3), a second planetary gear (4), a third planetary gear (5), an output shaft (2), a first motor / generator (MG1), a second motor / generator (MG2), a first brake (B1), a second brake (B2), a first clutch (C1), a second clutch (C2), and an energy management system; The first planetary gear (3) comprises a first sun gear (32), a first ring gear (34), a first planet carrier (31) and a first planetary gear (33); the first sun gear (32) is fixedly connected to a second sun gear (42) and a third sun gear (52); a first brake (B1) is provided on the outside of the first ring gear (34); a first clutch (C1) is provided between the first ring gear (34) and the second planet carrier (41); the first planetary gear (33) is provided on the first planet carrier (31) and meshes with the first sun gear (32); the input shaft (1) is used for connecting to an engine and is fixedly connected to the first planet carrier (31); The second planetary gear (4) comprises a second sun gear (42), a second ring gear (44), a second planet carrier (41) and a second planet gear (43); a first motor / generator (MG1) is arranged outside the second planet carrier (41); a second motor / generator (MG2) is arranged outside the second ring gear (44); a second clutch (C2) is arranged between the second ring gear (44) and a third ring gear (54); and the second planet gear (43) is arranged on the second planet carrier (41) and meshes with the second sun gear (42); The third planetary gear (5) comprises a third sun gear (52), a third planetary gear (53), a third ring gear (54), and a third planet carrier (51); the third ring gear (54) is provided with a second brake (B2) on the outside; the third planetary gear (53) is provided on the third planet carrier (51) and meshes with the third sun gear (52); the output shaft (2) is fixedly connected to the third planet carrier (51); The first motor / generator (MG1) and the second motor / generator (MG2) can operate in two working states: power generation and motoring; By engaging and disengaging the first brake (B1), the second brake (B2), the first clutch (C1), and the second clutch (C2), and by enabling the first motor / generator (MG1) and the second motor / generator (MG2) to switch between power generation and electric operation, stepless speed regulation and switching between different operation modes are achieved.

2. According to the vehicle multi-mode electromechanical compound transmission as claimed in claim 1, the first brake (B1) and the second brake (B2) are both wet multi-disc brakes, and the first clutch (C1) and the second clutch (C2) are both wet multi-plate clutches.

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