A buffer device and method for high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening process

Abstract

The present invention discloses a buffer device and method for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a disc-type load-bearing structure fixedly sleeved on an operating rod of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, and a Y-shaped buffer structure arranged on both sides of the operating rod of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker; the two sides of the disc-type load-bearing structure are respectively located between the first rod and the second rod of the corresponding Y-shaped buffer structure, and the end of the third rod of each Y-shaped buffer structure is connected with an elastic force output device; in the middle opening process of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, the elastic force output device can apply elastic resistance to the disc-type load-bearing structure through the Y-shaped buffer structure; in the late opening process of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, the elastic force output device can apply elastic power to the disc-type load-bearing structure through the Y-shaped buffer structure. The present invention can achieve the purpose of buffering the moving contact in the middle opening process and accelerating it in the late opening process, thereby improving the breaking capacity of the vacuum circuit breaker for large current arcs under long gaps.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electrical engineering, and in particular relates to a buffer device and method for a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening process. Background Art

[0002] Compared with SF6 circuit breakers, vacuum circuit breakers have the advantages of being green, environmentally friendly, having a long life, and having low equipment maintenance costs. Under the background of my country's "dual carbon goals", vacuum circuit breakers are constantly developing towards high voltage levels to replace SF6 circuit breakers. Therefore, at high voltage levels, the breaking of vacuum long gap high current arcs has become the key and has received extensive attention from researchers.

[0003] In vacuum circuit breakers, longitudinal magnetic fields are often used to control the breaking of arcs. When the contacts are pulled apart, the current passing through the special structure of the contacts will generate a longitudinal (axial) magnetic field. In vacuum interrupters at medium and low voltage levels, due to the small contact opening distance, the magnetic field strength generally does not decrease much as the contacts are pulled apart, and the arc can be effectively controlled; but at high voltage levels, due to the need to withstand impulse overvoltages and the saturation characteristics of the withstand voltage of the vacuum gap, the contact opening distance of the vacuum interrupter needs to be greatly increased. However, as the contact opening distance continues to increase, the magnetic field strength is continuously weakened, especially during long arcing, the weak magnetic field at a large opening distance is difficult to effectively control the arc, causing the arc to become concentrated, resulting in breaking failure; and the slow contact breaking speed will result in the distance between the contacts being not large enough to withstand the required withstand voltage level after the arc is broken.

[0004] Therefore, the opening process of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker requires that the moving contact can quickly move to a sufficient distance at the beginning stage to meet the necessary electrode spacing under the condition of short arcing and be able to withstand the transient recovery voltage (TRV) after the arc current passes through zero; in order to ensure that the longitudinal magnetic field strength between the contacts is large enough to maintain the control of the arc when the arcing time is long, the movement speed needs to be slowed down as much as possible in the middle of the opening movement to maintain the arc at a moderate spacing; after the arc current passes through zero and the arc is extinguished, it is hoped that the moving contact will quickly open to the maximum spacing to ensure sufficient insulation strength. However, the existing buffering methods are all in-place buffering methods, which are used to prevent the rebound of the contact opening at the end of the opening movement. At present, there is no special opening process buffering device and method for buffering and decelerating the opening of the moving contact in the middle of the opening, and accelerating the opening output of the moving contact in the later stage of the opening. It can be seen that high-voltage vacuum circuit breakers are in urgent need of such a special opening process mid-buffering method and device. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a buffering device and method for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, which can achieve the purpose of mid-opening buffering and late-opening acceleration of the moving contact of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, thereby improving the breaking capacity of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker for large current arcs under long gaps.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A buffer device for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker comprises a disc-type load-bearing structure fixedly mounted on an operating rod of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, and Y-shaped buffer structures arranged opposite to both sides of the operating rod of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker; the three rods of each of the Y-shaped buffer structures are respectively composed of a first rod, a second rod and a third rod; the two sides of the disc-type load-bearing structure are respectively located between the first rod and the second rod of the corresponding Y-shaped buffer structure, and the end of the third rod of each Y-shaped buffer structure is connected to an elastic force output device; in the middle stage of the opening of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, the elastic force output device can apply elastic resistance to the disc-type load-bearing structure through the Y-shaped buffer structure; in the late stage of the opening of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, the elastic force output device can apply elastic power to the disc-type load-bearing structure through the Y-shaped buffer structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the end of the third rod of each Y-shaped buffer structure is respectively connected to an elastic force output device, and the two elastic force output devices are arranged opposite to each other; each elastic force output device includes a horizontally arranged coil spring and a connecting rod, the first end of the coil spring is fixed, the second end of the coil spring faces the operating rod and is fixedly connected to the first end of the connecting rod, and the second end of the connecting rod faces the operating rod and is hinged to the corresponding third rod; in the middle stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, the coil spring is in a compressed state; in the late stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, the coil spring is in a state of recovering deformation.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the elastic force output devices also includes a sleeve with an open first end, a second end of the sleeve is fixed, the coil spring is located in the sleeve, and the first end of the coil spring is fixed to the sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the elastic output devices also includes a pressure block, which is slidably arranged in the sleeve, one end of the pressure block is fixedly connected to the second end of the coil spring, and the other end of the pressure block is fixedly connected to the first end of the connecting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the buffer device also includes a closing position limit ring, the operating rod passes through the closing position limit ring, and in the closing state, the first rod of each Y-shaped buffer structure is in contact with the closing position limit ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the buffer device also includes an opening position limiting ring, and the operating rod passes through the opening position limiting ring. In the opening state, the second rod of each Y-shaped buffer structure is in contact with the opening position limiting ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic force output device is a bistable butterfly spring, the inner ring of the bistable butterfly spring faces upward and is located directly below the operating rod, the outer ring of the bistable butterfly spring is fixed, and the third rod of each Y-shaped buffer structure is connected to the inner ring of the bistable butterfly spring.

[0014] A buffering method for a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening process, based on the buffering device, comprises:

[0015] In the middle of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, the elastic force output device applies elastic resistance to the disc-type load-bearing structure through the Y-shaped buffer structure;

[0016] In the later stage of opening the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, the elastic force output device applies elastic power to the disc-type load-bearing structure through the Y-shaped buffer structure.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a buffer device for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker. In the middle stage of the opening of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, an elastic force output device is used to apply elastic resistance to a disc-type load-bearing structure through a Y-shaped buffer structure. In the late stage of the opening of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, an elastic force output device is used to apply elastic power to the disc-type load-bearing structure through a Y-shaped buffer structure. The present invention adopts a buffering method in which a Y-shaped buffer structure is matched with an elastic force output device, which can change the direction of force and achieve a two-way force output effect on the moving contact. By utilizing the two-way force output characteristics of the elastic force output device, the buffer deceleration effect in the middle stage of the opening of the moving contact and the force acceleration effect in the late stage of the opening are achieved at the same time, meeting the contact movement characteristic requirements of large current arc breaking technology under long gaps in a vacuum.

[0019] Furthermore, the buffer device proposed in the present invention has a simple structure and does not require complex coordination of parts such as buckles, which not only greatly reduces the probability of mechanism failure during use, but also has the advantage of flexible and convenient characteristic adjustment.

[0020] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific implementation modes of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the specific implementation modes will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation modes of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the acceleration process of a buffer device for a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening process in the early stage of opening provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a buffering process in the middle of the opening process of a buffer device for a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening process provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the acceleration process of a buffer device for a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening process in the late opening stage provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a contact motion curve obtained by simulation when an embodiment of the present invention is used as a buffer device;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the acceleration process of a buffer device for a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening process in the early stage of opening provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a buffering process in the middle of the opening process of a buffer device for a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a bistable disc spring in an intermediate state in a buffer device for a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening process provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the acceleration process of a buffer device for a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening process in the late opening stage provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of a contact motion curve obtained by simulation when another embodiment of the present invention is used as a buffer device.

[0031] In the figure: 1-operating rod; 2-Y-shaped buffer structure; 201-first rod; 202-second rod; 203-third rod; 3-disc-type load-bearing structure; 4-elastic output device; 401-helical spring; 402-connecting rod; 403-sleeve; 404-pressure block; 5-closing position limit ring; 6-opening position limit ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Various schematic diagrams of structures of the device according to the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures, their relative sizes, positional relationships and numerical displays are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0034] The present invention provides a buffer device for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, the purpose of which is to meet the requirement of the opening process of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker that the moving contact can quickly move to a sufficient distance at the beginning stage to meet the necessary electrode opening distance under the condition of short arcing. High-voltage vacuum arc extinguishing chambers mostly use longitudinal magnetic fields to control arcs, and as the electrode opening distance increases, the longitudinal magnetic field strength will decrease rapidly. In order to ensure that the longitudinal magnetic field strength between the contacts is large enough to maintain control of the arc during the long arcing time, the moving contact movement speed needs to be slowed down as much as possible in the middle of the opening movement to maintain the arc at a moderate opening distance. After the arc current passes through zero and the arc is extinguished, it is hoped that the moving contact will quickly open to the maximum opening distance to ensure sufficient insulation strength.

[0035] The present invention provides a buffer device for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a disc-type load-bearing structure 3 fixedly sleeved on an operating rod 1 of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, and a Y-shaped buffer structure 2 arranged on both sides of the operating rod 1 of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, wherein the three rods of each Y-shaped buffer structure 2 are respectively composed of a first rod 201, a second rod 202 and a third rod 203. The two sides of the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 are respectively located between the first rod 201 and the second rod 202 of the corresponding Y-shaped buffer structure 2, and the end of the third rod 203 of each Y-shaped buffer structure 2 is connected to an elastic force output device 4.

[0036] In the early stage of opening the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, no thrust is generated between the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 and the first rods 201 of the two Y-shaped buffer structures 2, and the operating rod 1 is in the acceleration movement stage.

[0037] In the middle of the opening of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, the elastic force output device 4 can apply elastic resistance to the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 through the Y-shaped buffer structure 2.

[0038] In the later stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, the elastic force output device 4 can apply elastic power to the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 through the Y-shaped buffer structure 2.

[0039] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an elastic force output device 4 is respectively connected to the end of the third rod 203 of each Y-shaped buffer structure 2, and the two elastic force output devices 4 are arranged opposite to each other. Specifically, each elastic force output device 4 includes a horizontally arranged coil spring 401 and a connecting rod 402, the first end of the coil spring 401 is fixed, the second end of the coil spring 401 is facing the operating rod 1 and fixedly connected to the first end of the connecting rod 402, and the second end of the connecting rod 402 is facing the operating rod 1 and hinged to the corresponding third rod 203.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in the early stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, no thrust is generated between the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 and the first rods 201 of the two Y-shaped buffer structures 2, and the operating rod 1 is in the acceleration movement stage.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, in the middle stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, the coil spring 401 is in a compressed state, and applies resistance to the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 through the connecting rod 402, so that the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 applies elastic resistance to the disc-type load-bearing structure 3, thereby achieving buffering of the operating rod 1 in the middle stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, in the later stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, the coil spring 401 is in a recovery deformation state, that is, the coil spring 401 applies a thrust to the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 through the connecting rod 402, so that the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 applies power to the disc-type load-bearing structure 3, thereby realizing the acceleration of the operating rod 1 in the later stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening.

[0043] Based on the above embodiment, as a more preferred embodiment, Figures 1 to 3As shown, in order to ensure the stable performance of the coil spring 401 during the compression and recovery process, each elastic output device 4 also includes a sleeve 403 with an opening at the first end, the first end (open end) of the sleeve 403 faces the operating rod 1, the second end of the sleeve 403 is fixed, the coil spring 401 is located in the sleeve 403, and the first end of the coil spring 401 is fixed to the sleeve 403. Preferably, each elastic output device 4 also includes a pressing block 404, the pressing block 404 is slidably arranged in the sleeve 403, one end of the pressing block 404 is fixedly connected to the second end of the coil spring 401, and the other end of the pressing block 404 is fixedly connected to the first end of the connecting rod 402. When the coil spring 401 is in the process of compression and recovery, the stability of the movement of the coil spring 401 can be better achieved by utilizing the cooperation between the sleeve 403 and the pressing block 404.

[0044] Based on the above embodiment, as a more preferred embodiment, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in order to ensure that the position state of the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 is stable when closing the switch, the buffer device of the present invention also includes a closing position limit ring 5, and the operating rod 1 passes through the closing position limit ring 5 to fix the closing position limit ring 5. Figure 1 As shown, in the closed state, the first rod 201 of each Y-shaped buffer structure 2 contacts the closed position limit ring 5, that is, the closed position limit ring 5 limits the first rod 201 of each Y-shaped buffer structure 2 to prevent the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 from shaking.

[0045] Based on the above embodiment, as a more preferred embodiment, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in order to ensure the stability of the position state of the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 when the gate is opened, the buffer device of the present invention also includes a gate opening position limiting ring 6, and the operating rod 1 passes through the gate opening position limiting ring 6 to fix the gate opening position limiting ring 6. Figure 3 As shown, in the open state, the second rod 202 of each Y-shaped buffer structure 2 contacts the open position limiting ring 6, that is, the open position limiting ring 6 limits the second rod 202 of each Y-shaped buffer structure 2 to prevent the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 from shaking.

[0046] As another specific embodiment of the present invention, Figures 5 to 9 As shown, in this embodiment, a bistable butterfly spring is selected as the elastic output device 4. During installation, the inner ring of the bistable butterfly spring is facing upward, the outer ring of the bistable butterfly spring is fixed, and the bistable butterfly spring is located directly below the operating rod 1. The third rod 203 of each Y-shaped buffer structure 2 is connected to the inner ring of the bistable butterfly spring.

[0047] like Figure 5As shown, in the early stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, no thrust is generated between the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 and the first rods 201 of the two Y-shaped buffer structures 2, and the operating rod 1 is in the acceleration movement stage.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, in the middle stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 is stuck in the angle formed by the first rod 201 and the second rod 202 of the Y-shaped buffer structure 2. Under the first steady-state resistance of the bistable butterfly spring, the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 applies elastic resistance to the disc-type load-bearing structure 3, thereby achieving buffering of the operating rod 1 in the middle stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening.

[0049] like Figure 7 As shown, this state is the process in which the bistable butterfly spring begins to transform from the first stable state to the second stable state.

[0050] like Figure 8 As shown, in the later stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, under the action of the second steady-state driving force of the bistable butterfly spring, the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 applies power to the disc-type load-bearing structure 3, thereby realizing the acceleration of the operating rod 1 in the later stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening.

[0051] In summary, the buffering process of a buffer device for a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening process provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0052] (1) In the initial stage of opening, if Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the operating rod 1 is subjected to the downward force of the operating mechanism, driving the moving contact to move downward together with acceleration, producing the following Figure 4 and Fig. 9 Movement curve in the early stage of the center opening gate.

[0053] (2) In the middle of the opening operation, the operating rod 1 continues to move downward, and the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 on it will contact and collide with the Y-shaped buffer structure 2. Due to inertia and the opening force of the operating mechanism, the operating rod 1 will continue to move downward. This process is as follows Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the spiral spring and the bistable disc spring begin to exert an upward force on the operating rod 1 through the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 and the disc-type load-bearing structure 3, so that the moving contact is buffered and decelerated, producing the following Figure 4 and Fig. 9 The motion curve of the middle opening gate, this effect will continue until the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 passes the middle, because at this time the buffer device no longer outputs force in the vertical direction.

[0054] (3) At the end of the gate opening, the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 has passed the middle and begins to open downward. Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, Figure 3 The over center spring and Figure 8 The bistable disc spring begins to exert a downward force on the operating rod 1 through the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 and the disc-type load-bearing structure 3, causing the moving contact to accelerate the opening of the gate, producing the following Figure 4 and Fig. 9 Movement curve of the middle opening gate in the later stage.

[0055] By matching the appropriate size and parameters, we can get something similar to Figure 4 and Fig. 9 The three-stage moving contact opening stroke curve is designed to meet the requirements of large current arc breaking technology under long gap in vacuum on contact movement characteristics.

[0056] The following is a further analysis and explanation of a buffer device for a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening process provided by the present invention:

[0057] (1) On the operating rod 1 of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, a disc-type load-bearing structure 3 with a certain thickness is designed as the load-bearing structure. In the closed state, a certain distance is left between the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 and the Y-shaped buffer structure 2, so as to realize the output effect of the elastic output device 4 on it in the middle and late stages of the opening of the switch. Specifically, the distance between the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 and the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 is determined by the specific motion characteristics required for the opening of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker. As a person skilled in the art can realize it through simulation, it will not be repeated here.

[0058] (2) The coil spring 401 or the bistable butterfly spring is used as the buffer output device, which has the characteristics of bidirectional output. When the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 on the operating rod 1 starts to contact with the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 and moves to the middle of the Y-shaped buffer structure 2, the coil spring 401 or the bistable butterfly spring can provide a reaction force for the operating rod 1, so that it can achieve a buffering and deceleration effect; after the Y-shaped buffer structure 2 passes the middle, the coil spring 401 or the bistable butterfly spring can provide the operating rod 1 with a tripping force to achieve the accelerated movement of the contacts in the later stage of the tripping.

[0059] (3) The Y-shaped buffer structure 2 is used to cooperate with the disc-type load-bearing structure 3 on the operating rod 1 for buffering. The Y-shaped buffer structure 2, as a connecting structure of the buffer device, can play a connecting role. Its unique structural shape can make the buffer output device have a two-way output effect on the operating rod 1, realizing the purpose of integrating the mid-term buffer and the late acceleration device.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A buffer device for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, characterized in that: The invention comprises a disc-type load-bearing structure (3) fixedly sleeved on an operating rod (1) of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, and Y-shaped buffer structures (2) arranged on both sides of the operating rod (1) of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker; the three rods of each Y-shaped buffer structure (2) are respectively composed of a first rod (201), a second rod (202) and a third rod (203); the two sides of the disc-type load-bearing structure (3) are respectively located on the first rod (201) and the second rod (202) of the corresponding Y-shaped buffer structure (2); Between the rods (202), the end of the third rod (203) of each Y-shaped buffer structure (2) is connected to an elastic force output device (4); in the middle stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, the elastic force output device (4) can apply elastic resistance to the disc-type load-bearing structure (3) through the Y-shaped buffer structure (2); in the late stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, the elastic force output device (4) can apply elastic power to the disc-type load-bearing structure (3) through the Y-shaped buffer structure (2).

2. A buffer device for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the third rod (203) of each Y-shaped buffer structure (2) is respectively connected to an elastic force output device (4), and the two elastic force output devices (4) are arranged opposite to each other; each elastic force output device (4) comprises a horizontally arranged coil spring (401) and a connecting rod (402), the first end of the coil spring (401) is fixed, the second end of the coil spring (401) faces the operating rod (1) and is fixedly connected to the first end of the connecting rod (402), and the second end of the connecting rod (402) faces the operating rod (1) and is hinged to the corresponding third rod (203); in the middle stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, the coil spring (401) is in a compressed state; in the late stage of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker opening, the coil spring (401) is in a restored deformation state.

3. A buffer device for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the elastic force output devices (4) further comprises a sleeve (403) with an opening at the first end, the second end of the sleeve (403) is fixed, the coil spring (401) is located in the sleeve (403), and the first end of the coil spring (401) is fixed to the sleeve (403).

4. A buffer device for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the elastic output devices (4) further comprises a pressure block (404), wherein the pressure block (404) is slidably disposed in the sleeve (403), one end of the pressure block (404) is fixedly connected to the second end of the coil spring (401), and the other end of the pressure block (404) is fixedly connected to the first end of the connecting rod (402).

5. A buffer device for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer device also includes a closing position limit ring (5), the operating rod (1) passes through the closing position limit ring (5), and in the closing state, the first rod (201) of each Y-shaped buffer structure (2) contacts the closing position limit ring (5).

6. A buffer device for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer device also includes a switch-off position limiting ring (6), through which the operating rod (1) passes. In the switch-off state, the second rod (202) of each Y-shaped buffer structure (2) contacts the switch-off position limiting ring (6).

7. A buffer device for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic force output device (4) is a bistable butterfly spring, the inner ring of the bistable butterfly spring faces upward and is located directly below the operating rod (1), the outer ring of the bistable butterfly spring is fixed, and the third rod (203) of each Y-shaped buffer structure (2) is connected to the inner ring of the bistable butterfly spring.

8. A buffering method for the opening process of a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, characterized in that: The buffer device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises: In the middle of the opening of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, the elastic force output device (4) applies elastic resistance to the disc-type load-bearing structure (3) through the Y-shaped buffer structure (2); In the later stage of opening the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, the elastic force output device (4) applies elastic power to the disc-type load-bearing structure (3) through the Y-shaped buffer structure (2).

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