Adaptive power supply equipment and electric vehicle

Abstract

The present application discloses an adaptive power supply device and an electric vehicle, comprising N battery packs connected in series, N first switch circuits and a control device. The positive poles of the N battery packs are connected one-to-one with the first ends of the N first switch circuits, the negative poles of the N battery packs are connected one-to-one with the second ends of the N first switch circuits, the third end of the nth first switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the first load, and the ground end of the first load is connected to the fourth end of the mth first switch circuit; the control device is used to meet the power demand of the first load by controlling the conduction of each switch in the first switch circuit. The adaptive power supply device of the present application can provide both a power supply platform without upgraded voltage and a power supply platform with upgraded voltage. There is no need to upgrade all power loads in the electric vehicle to be powered by the upgraded voltage. Each power load can be connected to its own matching power supply platform, thereby saving development cycle and development cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power supply, and in particular to an adaptive power supply device and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, the common power supply equipment in electric vehicles is powered by a voltage of about 400V (such as 350V / 400V / 500V). Accordingly, the power loads in electric vehicles (such as PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heaters, air conditioning compressors, and drive motors) are all designed to be powered by a voltage of 400V. In order to reduce the charging / discharging current under high-power rapid charging / discharging conditions, power supply equipment powered by a high voltage of about 800V (such as 800V / 900V / 1000V) has become a development trend for electric vehicles, but the problem that comes with it is that the power loads in electric vehicles all need to be uniformly upgraded to be powered by a voltage of 800V, resulting in a long overall development cycle and high development costs.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problems is a problem that technicians in this field need to solve at present. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an adaptive power supply device and an electric vehicle. The adaptive power supply device can provide both a power supply platform with a non-upgraded voltage and a power supply platform with an upgraded voltage by connecting existing battery packs in parallel and adding a switching circuit. Therefore, it is only necessary to upgrade the power loads in the electric vehicle that need to be upgraded to be powered by the upgraded voltage. There is no need to upgrade all the power loads in the electric vehicle to be powered by the upgraded voltage. Each power load can be connected to its own matching power supply platform, thereby saving development cycle and development cost.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an adaptive power supply device, which is applied to an electric vehicle, and includes N battery packs connected in series, N first switch circuits and a control device; N is an integer greater than 1; wherein:

[0006] The positive electrodes of the N battery packs are connected to the first ends of the N first switch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence, the negative electrodes of the N battery packs are connected to the second ends of the N first switch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence, the third end of the nth first switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the first load, and the ground end of the first load is connected to the fourth end of the mth first switch circuit; wherein the power supply voltage that can be provided between the third end of the nth first switch circuit and the fourth end of the mth first switch circuit matches the power demand voltage of the first load; 1≤n≤m≤N and n and m are both integers;

[0007] The control device is used to meet the power demand of the first load by controlling the conduction status of each switch in the first switch circuit.

[0008] Optionally, m=n; the adaptive power supply device further includes N*(N-1) / 2 second switch circuits; wherein:

[0009] Among the N battery packs, any number of the battery packs connected in series constitute a combined battery pack, and the N battery packs constitute a total of N*(N-1) / 2 combined battery packs;

[0010] The positive electrodes of N*(N-1) / 2 assembled battery packs are connected to the first ends of N*(N-1) / 2 second switch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence, the negative electrodes of N*(N-1) / 2 assembled battery packs are connected to the second ends of N*(N-1) / 2 second switch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence, the third end of the p-th second switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the second load, and the fourth end of the p-th second switch circuit is connected to the ground end of the second load; wherein the power supply voltage that can be provided between the third end and the fourth end of the p-th second switch circuit matches the power demand voltage of the second load; 1≤p≤N*(N-1) / 2 and p is an integer;

[0011] The control device is also used to meet the power demand of the second load by controlling the conduction status of each switch in the second switch circuit.

[0012] Optionally, the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit both include a positive contactor and a negative contactor; wherein:

[0013] The first end of the positive contactor serves as the first end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, the second end of the positive contactor serves as the third end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, the first end of the negative contactor serves as the second end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, the second end of the negative contactor serves as the fourth end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, and the control end of the positive contactor and the control end of the negative contactor are both connected to the control device.

[0014] Optionally, the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit further include a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; wherein:

[0015] The first end of the pre-charging contactor is connected to the first end of the positive contactor and the common end serves as the first end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, the second end of the pre-charging contactor is connected to the first end of the pre-charging resistor, the second end of the pre-charging resistor is connected to the second end of the positive contactor and the common end serves as the third end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit;

[0016] The control device is also used to meet the pre-charging demand of the corresponding load by controlling the conduction condition of the pre-charging contactor.

[0017] Optionally, the control device is specifically used for:

[0018] When the electric vehicle is just started, the target negative contactor and the target pre-charging contactor connected to the target load are controlled to be turned on; wherein the target load is any load with useful power demand connected to the adaptive power supply device;

[0019] Obtaining a target voltage of the target load, and starting timing from when the target pre-charging contactor is turned on;

[0020] If the target voltage has reached the preset pre-charge voltage before the timing time reaches the preset pre-charge time, the target positive contactor connected to the target load is controlled to be turned on, and after the target positive contactor is turned on for the preset turn-on time, the target pre-charge contactor is controlled to be turned off;

[0021] If the target voltage has not reached the pre-charge voltage when the timing time reaches the pre-charge time, the target pre-charge contactor and the target negative electrode contactor are controlled to be disconnected.

[0022] Optionally, the adaptive power supply device further includes a first single-pole double-throw switch and a second single-pole double-throw switch connected to a balanced power load; the balanced power load is the first load originally connected between the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the qth first switch circuit; 1≤q<N and q is an integer; wherein:

[0023] The movable end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the power supply end of the balanced electrical load, the first fixed end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the third end of the qth first switch circuit, the second fixed end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the third end of the q+1th first switch circuit, the movable end of the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the ground end of the balanced electrical load, the first fixed end of the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the fourth end of the qth first switch circuit, and the second fixed end of the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the fourth end of the q+1th first switch circuit;

[0024] The control device is also used to balance the remaining power of each battery pack by controlling the connectivity of the first single-pole double-throw switch and the second single-pole double-throw switch.

[0025] Optionally, the adaptive power supply device further includes:

[0026] A current detection circuit, used to detect the supply current of the qth battery pack and the q+1th battery pack respectively;

[0027] The control device is specifically used to calculate the first remaining power of the qth battery pack and the second remaining power of the q+1th battery pack according to the power supply current; if the first remaining power is greater than the second remaining power, the moving ends of the first single-pole double-throw switch and the second single-pole double-throw switch are controlled to be connected to their respective first fixed ends; otherwise, the moving ends of the first single-pole double-throw switch and the second single-pole double-throw switch are controlled to be connected to their respective second fixed ends.

[0028] Optionally, N=2; the battery pack includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack; the first switch circuit includes a first power switch circuit and a second power switch circuit; the second switch circuit includes a third power switch circuit; the first load includes a first power load and a second power load; the second load includes a third power load; wherein:

[0029] The positive electrode of the first battery pack is respectively connected to the first end of the first power supply switch circuit and the first end of the third power supply switch circuit, the negative electrode of the first battery pack is respectively connected to the second end of the first power supply switch circuit, the positive electrode of the second battery pack and the first end of the second power supply switch circuit, the third end of the first power supply switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the first electrical load, the fourth end of the first power supply switch circuit is connected to the ground end of the first electrical load, the negative electrode of the second battery pack is respectively connected to the second end of the second power supply switch circuit and the second end of the third power supply switch circuit, the third end of the second power supply switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the second electrical load, the fourth end of the second power supply switch circuit is connected to the ground end of the second electrical load, the third end of the third power supply switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the third electrical load, and the fourth end of the third power supply switch circuit is connected to the ground end of the third electrical load.

[0030] Optionally, the control device is integrated into a controller of the electric vehicle.

[0031] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application also provides an electric vehicle, comprising any one of the above adaptive power supply devices.

[0032] The present application provides an adaptive power supply device, which is applied to electric vehicles, and includes N battery packs connected in series, N first switch circuits and a control device. The positive electrodes of the N battery packs are connected to the first ends of the N first switch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence, the negative electrodes of the N battery packs are connected to the second ends of the N first switch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence, the third end of the nth first switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the first load, and the ground end of the first load is connected to the fourth end of the mth first switch circuit; the control device is used to meet the power demand of the first load by controlling the conduction of each switch in the first switch circuit. It can be seen that the adaptive power supply device of the present application can provide both a power supply platform with an unupgraded voltage and a power supply platform with an upgraded voltage by connecting the existing battery packs in parallel and adding a switch circuit. It only needs to upgrade the power loads in the electric vehicle that need to be upgraded to be powered by the upgraded voltage, and there is no need to upgrade all the power loads in the electric vehicle to be powered by the upgraded voltage. Each power load can be connected to its own matching power supply platform, thereby saving the development cycle and development cost.

[0033] The present application also provides an electric vehicle having the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned power supply equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first adaptive power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second adaptive power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the second adaptive power supply device provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a third adaptive power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The core of the present application is to provide an adaptive power supply device and an electric vehicle. The adaptive power supply device can provide both a power supply platform with a non-upgraded voltage and a power supply platform with an upgraded voltage by connecting existing battery packs in parallel and adding a switching circuit. Therefore, it is only necessary to upgrade the power loads in the electric vehicle that need to be upgraded to be powered by the upgraded voltage. There is no need to upgrade all the power loads in the electric vehicle to be powered by the upgraded voltage. Each power load can be connected to its own matching power supply platform, thereby saving development cycle and development cost.

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] Those skilled in the art may appreciate that, with the development of technology and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0042] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and need not be used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, which is only to describe the distinction mode adopted by the objects of the same attributes when describing in the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that the process, method, system, product or equipment comprising a series of units need not be limited to those units, but may include other units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first adaptive power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] The adaptive power supply device is applied to an electric vehicle, comprising N battery packs 1 connected in series, N first switch circuits 2 and a control device 3; N is an integer greater than 1; wherein:

[0045] The positive electrodes of the N battery packs 1 are connected to the first ends of the N first switch circuits 2 in a one-to-one correspondence, the negative electrodes of the N battery packs 1 are connected to the second ends of the N first switch circuits 2 in a one-to-one correspondence, the third end of the nth first switch circuit 2 is connected to the power supply end of the first load, and the ground end of the first load is connected to the fourth end of the mth first switch circuit 2; wherein the power supply voltage that can be provided between the third end of the nth first switch circuit 2 and the fourth end of the mth first switch circuit 2 matches the power demand voltage of the first load; 1≤n≤m≤N and n and m are both integers;

[0046] The control device 3 is used to meet the power demand of the first load by controlling the conduction status of each switch in the first switch circuit 2.

[0047] Specifically, the adaptive power supply device of the present application includes N battery packs 1, N first switch circuits 2 and a control device 3 ( Figure 1 The battery pack (N) in FIG. 1 represents the Nth battery pack, and the first switch circuit (N) represents the Nth first switch circuit), and its working principle is:

[0048] N battery packs 1 are connected in series, and each battery pack 1 can be used independently, and the rated voltages of different battery packs 1 can be the same or slightly different. Then each battery pack 1 can form a voltage platform, and each voltage platform can be connected to an electrical load (called a first load). It can be understood that the power supply voltage that can be provided by the voltage platform formed by each battery pack 1 needs to match the power demand voltage of the electrical load connected to it, that is, the power supply voltage that can be provided by the voltage platform formed by each battery pack 1 is approximately equal to the power demand voltage of the electrical load connected to it.

[0049] If the power load connected to the voltage platform formed by any battery group 1 (referred to as the target battery group) has a power demand, the control device 3 controls the conduction state of each switch in the first switch circuit 2 connected to the target battery group to enable the target battery group to supply power to the corresponding power load, thereby meeting the power demand of the power load. If the power load connected to the voltage platform formed by the target battery group has no power demand, the control device 3 controls the disconnection state of each switch in the first switch circuit 2 connected to the target battery group to cut off the power supply of the target battery group to the corresponding power load.

[0050] Moreover, multiple battery groups 1 connected in series can jointly form a voltage platform, and this voltage platform can also be connected to an electrical load. It can be understood that the power supply voltage that can be provided by the voltage platform jointly formed by the multiple battery groups 1 connected in series must match the power demand voltage of the electrical load connected thereto, that is, the power supply voltage that can be provided by the voltage platform jointly formed by the multiple battery groups 1 connected in series is approximately equal to the power demand voltage of the electrical load connected thereto, so that when this electrical load has a power demand, power is supplied to this electrical load by controlling the conduction status of the corresponding switch.

[0051] It can be seen that the adaptive power supply device of the present application can provide both a power supply platform with a non-upgraded voltage and a power supply platform with an upgraded voltage by connecting existing battery packs in parallel and adding a switch circuit. It is only necessary to upgrade the power loads in the electric vehicle that need to be upgraded to be powered by the upgraded voltage, and there is no need to upgrade all the power loads in the electric vehicle to be powered by the upgraded voltage. Each power load can be connected to its own matching power supply platform (to achieve power adaptation of the power load), thereby saving the development cycle and development costs. In addition, each battery pack can be charged separately and independently, or it can be charged together as a whole battery pack (to achieve charging adaptation of the battery pack).

[0052] Based on the above embodiments:

[0053] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second adaptive power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] As an optional embodiment, m=n; the adaptive power supply device further includes N*(N-1) / 2 second switch circuits 4; wherein:

[0055] Among the N battery packs 1, any number of battery packs 1 connected in series constitute a combined battery pack, and the N battery packs 1 constitute a total of N*(N-1) / 2 combined battery packs;

[0056] The positive electrodes of N*(N-1) / 2 assembled battery packs are connected to the first ends of N*(N-1) / 2 second switch circuits 4 in a one-to-one correspondence, the negative electrodes of N*(N-1) / 2 assembled battery packs are connected to the second ends of N*(N-1) / 2 second switch circuits 4 in a one-to-one correspondence, the third end of the p-th second switch circuit 4 is connected to the power supply end of the second load, and the fourth end of the p-th second switch circuit 4 is connected to the ground end of the second load; wherein the power supply voltage that can be provided between the third and fourth ends of the p-th second switch circuit 4 matches the power demand voltage of the second load; 1≤p≤N*(N-1) / 2 and p is an integer;

[0057] The control device 3 is also used to meet the power demand of the second load by controlling the conduction status of each switch in the second switch circuit 4.

[0058] Specifically, the present application sets m=n, and the adaptive power supply device of the present application further includes N*(N-1) / 2 second switch circuits 4, the purpose of which is that the electrical load is no longer connected across the battery pack through the first switch circuit 2 (the electrical load is connected across the battery pack means that the power supply end of the electrical load is connected to the positive pole of a battery pack 1, and the ground end of the electrical load is connected to the negative pole of another battery pack 1, that is, more than one battery pack is powered by the electrical load), but is connected across the battery pack through the second switch circuit 4, and its specific working principle is:

[0059] Multiple battery packs 1 connected in series can be combined into a battery pack that can provide a higher voltage (called a combined battery pack), and N battery packs 1 can be combined into N*(N-1) / 2 combined battery packs in total, and each combined battery pack can be connected to an electrical load (called a second load) through a second switch circuit 4. It can be understood that the power supply voltage that each combined battery pack can provide must match the power demand voltage of the corresponding electrical load, that is, the power supply voltage that the voltage platform formed by each combined battery pack can provide is approximately equal to the power demand voltage of the corresponding electrical load.

[0060] If the power load corresponding to any assembled battery group (referred to as the target assembled battery group) has a power demand, the control device 3 controls the conduction state of each switch in the second switch circuit 4 connected to the target assembled battery group to make the target assembled battery group supply power to the corresponding power load, thereby meeting the power demand of the power load. If the power load corresponding to the target assembled battery group has no power demand, the control device 3 controls the disconnection state of each switch in the second switch circuit 4 connected to the target assembled battery group to cut off the power supply of the target assembled battery group to the corresponding power load.

[0061] The reason for setting m=n and adding the second switch circuit 4 is that: if an electrical load (called the target electrical load) is connected across the battery pack through the first switch circuit 2, specifically, the power supply end of the target electrical load is connected to the positive pole of the first battery pack 1, and the ground end of the target electrical load is connected to the negative pole of the second battery pack 1, that is, the first battery pack 1 and the second battery pack 1 jointly power the target electrical load, but this will cause a problem. When the first battery pack 1 supplies power to the electrical load connected to its own positive and negative poles, and the second battery pack 1 supplies power to the electrical load connected to its own positive and negative poles, the first battery pack 1 and the second battery pack 1 will also supply power to the target electrical load, resulting in all electrical loads being unable to achieve independent power supply. If the electrical loads that need to be connected across the battery pack are connected across the battery pack through the second switch circuit 4, the above problem can be avoided, thereby ensuring that all electrical loads (the first load and the second load) can achieve independent power supply.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the second adaptive power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0063] As an optional embodiment, the first switch circuit 2 and the second switch circuit 4 both include a positive contactor Q1 and a negative contactor Q2; wherein:

[0064] The first end of the positive contactor Q1 serves as the first end of the first switch circuit 2 and the second switch circuit 4, the second end of the positive contactor Q1 serves as the third end of the first switch circuit 2 and the second switch circuit 4, the first end of the negative contactor Q2 serves as the second end of the first switch circuit 2 and the second switch circuit 4, the second end of the negative contactor Q2 serves as the fourth end of the first switch circuit 2 and the second switch circuit 4, and the control end of the positive contactor Q1 and the control end of the negative contactor Q2 are both connected to the control device 3.

[0065] Specifically, each of the first switch circuit 2 and the second switch circuit 4 of the present application includes a positive contactor Q1 and a negative contactor Q2, and the working principle thereof is:

[0066] If the power load connected to the voltage platform formed by the target battery group has a power demand, the control device 3 controls the positive contactor Q1 and the negative contactor Q2 in the first switch circuit 2 connected to the target battery group to be turned on, so that the target battery group supplies power to its corresponding power load, thereby meeting the power demand of this power load. If the power load connected to the voltage platform formed by the target battery group has no power demand, the control device 3 controls the positive contactor Q1 and the negative contactor Q2 in the first switch circuit 2 connected to the target battery group to be turned off, so as to cut off the power supply of the target battery group to its corresponding power load.

[0067] If the power load corresponding to the target assembled battery pack has a power demand, the control device 3 controls the positive contactor Q1 and the negative contactor Q2 in the second switch circuit 4 connected to the target assembled battery pack to be turned on, so that the target assembled battery pack supplies power to the corresponding power load, thereby meeting the power demand of the power load. If the power load corresponding to the target assembled battery pack has no power demand, the control device 3 controls the positive contactor Q1 and the negative contactor Q2 in the second switch circuit 4 connected to the target assembled battery pack to be turned off, so as to cut off the power supply of the target assembled battery pack to the corresponding power load.

[0068] As an optional embodiment, the first switch circuit 2 and the second switch circuit 4 further include a pre-charging contactor Q3 and a pre-charging resistor R; wherein:

[0069] The first end of the pre-charging contactor Q3 is connected to the first end of the positive contactor Q1 and the common end serves as the first end of the first switch circuit 2 and the second switch circuit 4, the second end of the pre-charging contactor Q3 is connected to the first end of the pre-charging resistor R, the second end of the pre-charging resistor R is connected to the second end of the positive contactor Q1 and the common end serves as the third end of the first switch circuit 2 and the second switch circuit 4;

[0070] The control device 3 is also used to meet the pre-charging demand of the corresponding load by controlling the conduction condition of the pre-charging contactor Q3.

[0071] Furthermore, each of the first switch circuit 2 and the second switch circuit 4 of the present application further includes a pre-charging contactor Q3 and a pre-charging resistor R, and the working principle thereof is:

[0072] The electrical load connected to the adaptive power supply device is a capacitive load. In order to avoid the capacitive load from being damaged due to excessive current when powered on, a pre-charging contactor Q3 and a pre-charging resistor R are further provided in each of the first switching circuit 2 and the second switching circuit 4 of the present application. The purpose is to achieve: before the battery pack officially supplies power to the electrical load through the positive contactor Q1 and the negative contactor Q2, the electrical load is pre-charged through the pre-charging contactor Q3 and the pre-charging resistor R (specifically, the control device 3 controls the conduction status of the pre-charging contactor Q3 to meet the pre-charging requirements of the corresponding electrical load) to avoid the corresponding electrical load from being damaged due to excessive current when the formal power supply is started.

[0073] As an optional embodiment, the control device 3 is specifically used for:

[0074] When the electric vehicle is just started, the target negative contactor and the target pre-charging contactor connected to the target load are controlled to be turned on; wherein the target load is any load with useful power demand connected to the adaptive power supply device;

[0075] Obtain the target voltage of the target load and start timing from when the target pre-charging contactor is turned on;

[0076] If the target voltage has reached the preset pre-charge voltage before the timing time reaches the preset pre-charge time, the target positive contactor connected to the target load is controlled to be turned on, and after the target positive contactor is turned on for the preset on time, the target pre-charge contactor is controlled to be turned off;

[0077] If the target voltage does not reach the pre-charge voltage when the timing time reaches the pre-charge time, the target pre-charge contactor and the target negative contactor are controlled to be disconnected.

[0078] Specifically, the control device 3 controls the conduction of the pre-charging contactor Q3 to meet the pre-charging demand of the corresponding load (taking the target load as an example): when the electric vehicle is just started, the negative contactor Q2 (referred to as the target negative contactor) connected to the target load is controlled to be turned on, and then the pre-charging contactor Q3 (referred to as the target pre-charging contactor) connected to the target load is controlled to be turned on, and then the target voltage of the target load is obtained, and the timing starts from the time when the target pre-charging contactor is turned on. If the timing time does not reach the preset pre-charging time, the target voltage of the target load has reached the preset pre-charging voltage (the pre-charging voltage of the pre-charging voltage) The preset value of the pre-charge voltage is set to be relatively close to the voltage of the battery pack that supplies power to the target load. For example, if the voltage of the battery pack that supplies power to the target load is 400V, the preset value of the pre-charge voltage can be set to 390V), then the positive contactor Q1 (called the target positive contactor) connected to the target load is controlled to be turned on, and after the target positive contactor is turned on for the preset turn-on time, the target pre-charge contactor is controlled to be disconnected; if the target voltage of the target load does not reach the preset pre-charge voltage when the timing time reaches the preset pre-charge time, it is considered that there may be a fault in the circuit, then the target pre-charge contactor and the target negative contactor are controlled to be disconnected, and a circuit-related fault reminder can be performed.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a third adaptive power supply device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0080] As an optional embodiment, the adaptive power supply device further includes a first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and a second single-pole double-throw switch K2 connected to a balanced power load; the balanced power load is a first load originally connected between the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the qth first switch circuit 2; 1≤q<N and q is an integer; wherein:

[0081] The movable end of the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 is connected to the power supply end of the balanced electrical load, the first fixed end of the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 is connected to the third end of the qth first switch circuit 2, the second fixed end of the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 is connected to the third end of the q+1th first switch circuit 2, the movable end of the second single-pole double-throw switch K2 is connected to the ground end of the balanced electrical load, the first fixed end of the second single-pole double-throw switch K2 is connected to the fourth end of the qth first switch circuit 2, and the second fixed end of the second single-pole double-throw switch K2 is connected to the fourth end of the q+1th first switch circuit 2;

[0082] The control device 3 is also used to balance the remaining power of each battery pack 1 by controlling the connectivity of the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and the second single-pole double-throw switch K2.

[0083] Furthermore, the adaptive power supply device of the present application can be configured to connect two single-pole double-throw switches for all or part of the first loads, namely, a first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and a second single-pole double-throw switch K2, and its working principle is:

[0084] The first load connected to the two single-pole double-throw switches is called a balancing power load, and its function is to balance the remaining power of each battery pack 1. Specifically, taking the first load originally connected between the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the qth first switch circuit 2 as an example, after the first load is connected to the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and the second single-pole double-throw switch K2, the first load can be connected to the qth first switch circuit 2 through the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and the second single-pole double-throw switch K2, so that the battery pack 1 connected to the qth first switch circuit 2 can supply power to this first load, or the first load can be connected to the q+1th first switch circuit 2 through the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and the second single-pole double-throw switch K2, so that the battery pack 1 connected to the q+1th first switch circuit 2 can supply power to this first load, in this case, the battery pack 1 with a higher remaining power can be used to supply power to the first load first, thereby balancing the remaining power of each battery pack 1.

[0085] As an optional embodiment, the adaptive power supply device further includes:

[0086] A current detection circuit, used to detect the supply current of the qth battery pack 1 and the q+1th battery pack 1 respectively;

[0087] The control device 3 is specifically used to calculate the first remaining power of the qth battery group 1 and the second remaining power of the q+1th battery group 1 according to the power supply current; if the first remaining power is greater than the second remaining power, the moving ends of the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and the second single-pole double-throw switch K2 are controlled to be connected to their respective first fixed ends; otherwise, the moving ends of the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and the second single-pole double-throw switch K2 are controlled to be connected to their respective second fixed ends.

[0088] Furthermore, the adaptive power supply device of the present application also includes a current detection circuit, and its working principle is as follows:

[0089] The current detection circuit can detect the power supply current of the qth battery pack 1 (called the first power supply current), and can also detect the power supply current of the q+1th battery pack 1 (called the second power supply current), and transmit the first power supply current and the second power supply current to the control device 3.

[0090] The control device 3 balances the remaining power of each battery pack 1 by controlling the connection status of the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and the second single-pole double-throw switch K2. Specifically, the remaining power of the qth battery pack 1 is calculated according to the first power supply current of the qth battery pack 1 (referred to as the first remaining power, which can be calculated by calculating the SOC (State ofcharge, state of charge) is obtained), and according to the second supply current of the q+1th battery group 1, the remaining power (called the second remaining power) of the q+1th battery group 1 is calculated, and then it is judged whether the first remaining power of the q+1th battery group 1 is greater than the second remaining power of the q+1th battery group 1. If the first remaining power is greater than the second remaining power, the moving end of the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 is controlled to be connected to its own first fixed end, and the moving end of the second single-pole double-throw switch K2 is controlled to be connected to its own first fixed end, so that the qth battery group 1 supplies power to the corresponding applied load through the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and the second single-pole double-throw switch K2; if the first remaining power is not greater than the second remaining power, the moving end of the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 is controlled to be connected to its own second fixed end, and the moving end of the second single-pole double-throw switch K2 is controlled to be connected to its own second fixed end, so that the q+1th battery group 1 supplies power to the corresponding applied load through the first single-pole double-throw switch K1 and the second single-pole double-throw switch K2, thereby realizing that the battery group 1 with a higher remaining power is preferentially powered.

[0091] In addition, after calculating the remaining power of a battery pack, the control device 3 can also determine whether the remaining power of the battery pack is lower than a preset low power threshold, and if so, issue a low power reminder for the battery pack.

[0092] As an optional embodiment, N=2, then the two battery packs 1 are respectively the first battery pack BP1 and the second battery pack BP2; the two first switch circuits 2 are respectively the first power switch circuit 21 and the second power switch circuit 22; the second switch circuit 4 includes the third power switch circuit 23; the first load includes the first power load C1 and the second power load C2; the second load includes the third power load C3; wherein:

[0093] The positive electrode of the first battery pack BP1 is respectively connected to the first end of the first power supply switch circuit 21 and the first end of the third power supply switch circuit 23, the negative electrode of the first battery pack BP1 is respectively connected to the second end of the first power supply switch circuit 21, the positive electrode of the second battery pack BP2 and the first end of the second power supply switch circuit 22, the third end of the first power supply switch circuit 21 is connected to the power supply end of the first power load C1, the fourth end of the first power supply switch circuit 21 is connected to the ground end of the first power load C1, the negative electrode of the second battery pack BP2 is respectively connected to the second end of the second power supply switch circuit 22 and the second end of the third power supply switch circuit 23, the third end of the second power supply switch circuit 22 is connected to the power supply end of the second power load C2, the fourth end of the second power supply switch circuit 22 is connected to the ground end of the second power load C2, the third end of the third power supply switch circuit 23 is connected to the power supply end of the third power load C3, and the fourth end of the third power supply switch circuit 23 is connected to the ground end of the third power load C3.

[0094] Specifically, the first battery pack BP1 and the second battery pack BP2 can respectively form a voltage platform, and the voltage platform formed by the first battery pack BP1 is connected to the first power load C1, and the voltage platform formed by the second battery pack BP2 is connected to the second power load C2. The total battery pack obtained by connecting the first battery pack BP1 and the second battery pack BP2 in series can form a voltage platform, and this voltage platform is connected to the third power load C3.

[0095] If the first power load C1 has a power demand, the control device 3 controls the positive contactor Q1 and the negative contactor Q2 in the first power supply switch circuit 21 to be turned on, so that the first battery pack BP1 supplies power to the first power load C1, thereby meeting the power demand of the first power load C1. Similarly, if the second power load C2 has a power demand, the control device 3 controls the positive contactor Q1 and the negative contactor Q2 in the second power supply switch circuit 22 to be turned on, so that the second battery pack BP2 supplies power to the second power load C2, thereby meeting the power demand of the second power load C2.

[0096] If the third power load C3 has power demand, the control device 3 controls the positive contactor Q1 and the negative contactor Q2 in the third power supply switch circuit 23 to be turned on, so that the first battery pack BP1 and the second battery pack BP2 jointly supply power to the third power load C3, thereby meeting the power demand of the third power load C3.

[0097] For example, if the rated voltage of the first battery pack BP1 and the second battery pack BP2 are both 400V, the first battery pack BP1 and the second battery pack BP2 can respectively constitute a 400V voltage platform, which can be used to drive a 400V power load, and the first battery pack BP1 and the second battery pack BP2 can both be suitable for charging with a 400V charging pile. The first battery pack BP1 and the second battery pack BP2 are connected in series to a high voltage of 800V, so the two can jointly constitute an 800V voltage platform, which can be used to drive an 800V power load, and the first battery pack BP1 and the second battery pack BP2 can be used as a whole battery pack to use an 800V charging pile for fast charging (800V / 400V system combination) to achieve power self-adaptation of the power load and charging self-adaptation of the battery pack.

[0098] With the development of technology, if 1500V high voltage becomes the development trend of electric vehicles, the above technology can also be adopted, that is, the 1500V / 800V system combination.

[0099] As an optional embodiment, the current detection circuit includes: a first current sensor CS1 for detecting the power supply current of the first battery pack BP1, a second current sensor CS2 and a third current sensor CS3 for detecting the power supply current of the second battery pack BP2;

[0100] The control device is also used to determine the detected current value of the third current sensor CS3 as the current value of the third electrical load C3; to subtract the detected current value of the third current sensor CS3 from the detected current value of the first current sensor CS1 to obtain the current value of the first electrical load C1; to subtract the detected current value of the third current sensor CS3 from the detected current value of the second current sensor CS2 to obtain the current value of the second electrical load C2, so as to perform load overcurrent detection according to the current values ​​of the first electrical load C1, the second electrical load C2 and the third electrical load C3.

[0101] In addition, Figure 3 The first current sensor CS1 can also be set as: used to detect the current value of the first power load C1, which needs to be added to the detection current value of the third current sensor CS3 to obtain the power supply current of the first battery pack BP1; similarly, the second current sensor CS2 can also be set as: used to detect the current value of the second power load C2, which needs to be added to the detection current value of the third current sensor CS3 to obtain the power supply current of the second battery pack BP2.

[0102] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the specific location and type of the first current sensor CS1 , the second current sensor CS2 , and the third current sensor CS3 , as long as they comply with the calculation principle involved in Kirchhoff's current theorem.

[0103] As an optional embodiment, the control device is integrated into a controller of the electric vehicle.

[0104] Specifically, the control device of the present application can be integrated into the controller of an electric vehicle, such as the BMS (Battery Management System) or VCU (Vehicle Control Unit) of an electric vehicle, that is, the original BMS or VCU of the electric vehicle is improved to have the functions of the above-mentioned control device, thereby saving circuit space and cost.

[0105] The present application also provides an electric vehicle, comprising any one of the above-mentioned adaptive power supply devices.

[0106] For an introduction to the electric vehicle provided in this application, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiment of the power supply device, and this application will not go into details here.

[0107] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An adaptive power supply device, characterized in that: Applicable to electric vehicles, comprising N battery packs connected in series, N first switch circuits and a control device; N is an integer greater than 1; wherein: The positive electrodes of the N battery packs are connected to the first ends of the N first switch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence, the negative electrodes of the N battery packs are connected to the second ends of the N first switch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence, the third end of the nth first switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the first load, and the ground end of the first load is connected to the fourth end of the mth first switch circuit; wherein the power supply voltage that can be provided between the third end of the nth first switch circuit and the fourth end of the mth first switch circuit matches the power demand voltage of the first load; 1≤n=m≤N and n and m are both integers; The control device is used to meet the power demand of the first load by controlling the conduction status of each switch in the first switch circuit; The adaptive power supply device further includes N*(N-1) / 2 second switch circuits; wherein: Among the N battery packs, any number of the battery packs connected in series constitute a combined battery pack, and the N battery packs constitute a total of N*(N-1) / 2 combined battery packs; The positive electrodes of N*(N-1) / 2 assembled battery packs are connected to the first ends of N*(N-1) / 2 second switch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence, the negative electrodes of N*(N-1) / 2 assembled battery packs are connected to the second ends of N*(N-1) / 2 second switch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence, the third end of the p-th second switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the second load, and the fourth end of the p-th second switch circuit is connected to the ground end of the second load; wherein the power supply voltage that can be provided between the third end and the fourth end of the p-th second switch circuit matches the power demand voltage of the second load; 1≤p≤N*(N-1) / 2 and p is an integer; The control device is also used to meet the power demand of the second load by controlling the conduction status of each switch in the second switch circuit; The first switch circuit and the second switch circuit both include a positive contactor and a negative contactor; wherein: The first end of the positive contactor serves as the first end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, the second end of the positive contactor serves as the third end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, the first end of the negative contactor serves as the second end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, the second end of the negative contactor serves as the fourth end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, and the control end of the positive contactor and the control end of the negative contactor are both connected to the control device; The first switch circuit and the second switch circuit further include a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; wherein: The first end of the pre-charging contactor is connected to the first end of the positive contactor and the common end serves as the first end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, the second end of the pre-charging contactor is connected to the first end of the pre-charging resistor, the second end of the pre-charging resistor is connected to the second end of the positive contactor and the common end serves as the third end of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit; The control device is also used to meet the pre-charging demand of the corresponding load by controlling the conduction condition of the pre-charging contactor; The control device is specifically used for: When the electric vehicle is just started, the target negative contactor and the target pre-charging contactor connected to the target load are controlled to be turned on; wherein the target load is any load with useful power demand connected to the adaptive power supply device; Obtaining a target voltage of the target load, and starting timing from when the target pre-charging contactor is turned on; If the target voltage has reached the preset pre-charge voltage before the timing time reaches the preset pre-charge time, the target positive contactor connected to the target load is controlled to be turned on, and after the target positive contactor is turned on for the preset turn-on time, the target pre-charge contactor is controlled to be turned off; If the target voltage has not reached the pre-charge voltage when the timing time reaches the pre-charge time, the target pre-charge contactor and the target negative electrode contactor are controlled to be disconnected.

2. The adaptive power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive power supply device further includes a first single-pole double-throw switch and a second single-pole double-throw switch connected to a balanced power load; the balanced power load is the first load originally connected between the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the qth first switch circuit; 1≤q<N and q is an integer; wherein: The movable end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the power supply end of the balanced electrical load, the first fixed end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the third end of the qth first switch circuit, the second fixed end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the third end of the q+1th first switch circuit, the movable end of the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the ground end of the balanced electrical load, the first fixed end of the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the fourth end of the qth first switch circuit, and the second fixed end of the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the fourth end of the q+1th first switch circuit; The control device is also used to balance the remaining power of each battery pack by controlling the connectivity of the first single-pole double-throw switch and the second single-pole double-throw switch.

3. The adaptive power supply device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptive power supply device also includes: A current detection circuit, used to detect the supply current of the qth battery pack and the q+1th battery pack respectively; The control device is specifically used to calculate the first remaining power of the qth battery pack and the second remaining power of the q+1th battery pack according to the power supply current; if the first remaining power is greater than the second remaining power, the moving ends of the first single-pole double-throw switch and the second single-pole double-throw switch are controlled to be connected to their respective first fixed ends; otherwise, the moving ends of the first single-pole double-throw switch and the second single-pole double-throw switch are controlled to be connected to their respective second fixed ends.

4. The adaptive power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: N=2; the battery pack includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack; the first switch circuit includes a first power switch circuit and a second power switch circuit; the second switch circuit includes a third power switch circuit; the first load includes a first power load and a second power load; the second load includes a third power load; wherein: The positive electrode of the first battery pack is respectively connected to the first end of the first power supply switch circuit and the first end of the third power supply switch circuit, the negative electrode of the first battery pack is respectively connected to the second end of the first power supply switch circuit, the positive electrode of the second battery pack and the first end of the second power supply switch circuit, the third end of the first power supply switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the first electrical load, the fourth end of the first power supply switch circuit is connected to the ground end of the first electrical load, the negative electrode of the second battery pack is respectively connected to the second end of the second power supply switch circuit and the second end of the third power supply switch circuit, the third end of the second power supply switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the second electrical load, the fourth end of the second power supply switch circuit is connected to the ground end of the second electrical load, the third end of the third power supply switch circuit is connected to the power supply end of the third electrical load, and the fourth end of the third power supply switch circuit is connected to the ground end of the third electrical load.

5. The adaptive power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control device is integrated into the controller of the electric vehicle.

6. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises the adaptive power supply device as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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