The invention discloses a leveling system and a leveling method for an agricultural power chassis, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle chassis. The leveling system for an agricultural power chassis comprises a distance measuring sensor, a position sensor, a central processor, a vehicle frame, suspensions and wheels; four groups of the suspensions are mounted on the vehicle frame in bilateral symmetry according to the given wheelbase and wheel track, and the lower ends of the suspensions are connected with the wheels; the information of terrain height in front of the wheels is measured by the distance measuring sensor; the heights of the suspensions are measured by the position sensor to obtain the wheel-terrain height information; calculation and analysis are carried out by the central processor; the suspensions are driven by a servo motor and the heights of the suspensions are adjusted in real time; and the wheels actively contour the ground, so that dynamic leveling of the vehicle body during traveling and operation of the agricultural power chassis is achieved.