An apparatus of a vehicle includes one or more processors and a memory storing one or more programs that, when executed by the one or more processors communicating with the memory, are configured to cause the apparatus to estimate, based on a driving image of a preceding vehicle captured by a camera of the vehicle, a
roll rate of the preceding vehicle, determine a possibility of a pothole avoidance, wherein the possibility is determined based on the
roll rate of the preceding vehicle, driving information about the preceding vehicle, and driving information about the vehicle, output a
signal indicating the possibility, and control, based on the
signal and based on an estimated pothole, autonomous driving of the vehicle.