Anchor pull-out test method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention provides an anchor pull-out test method, device, electronic device and storage medium, the method comprising: assembling an anchored rock sample and a visual transparent device to obtain a transparent anchored rock device, performing an anchor pull-out test on the transparent anchored rock device; dynamically monitoring the anchor pull-out interface failure according to the visual transparent device to obtain the first anchor pull-out interface failure characteristics; after the anchor pull-out test is completed, separating the transparent anchored rock device, and determining the second anchor pull-out interface failure characteristics according to the separated anchored rock test; determining the anchor failure factor of the anchored rock sample according to the anchor pull-out load, the pull-out displacement, the first anchor pull-out interface failure characteristics and the second anchor pull-out interface failure characteristics; adjusting the surrounding rock anchor support according to the anchor failure factors. The present invention realizes the anchor pull-out visual test, puts forward relevant suggestions for improving the anchorability of the surrounding rock anchor, and gives full play to the anchor support function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surrounding rock support, and in particular to an anchor pull-out test method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] At present, the research on the coal support of the side of coal mine tunnels is relatively inadequate and in-depth. The side of the coal mine tunnel is the coal body, which has the characteristics of low strength and developed joints and fissures compared with the roof rock mass, resulting in poor effect after the use of anchor support on the side of the tunnel. In order to promote the high production and efficiency of the fully mechanized mining face, it is often necessary to carry out early tunnel repair and brushing, resulting in a waste of manpower, material and financial resources. The main reasons for the large deformation of the side of the coal mine tunnel include the following two aspects: (1) the low strength of the coal body, the development of fissures, and the poor stability of the surrounding rock itself; (2) the poor anchorability of the coal body. In actual engineering applications, when pulling out the anchor, the maximum pull-out force of the anchor is often less than the yield load of the anchor, and the anchor is pulled out as a whole, and the anchor cannot fully play its supporting role.

[0003] The traditional anchor pull-out test method is to reveal the anchorability of the surrounding rock by measuring the pull-out load and pull-out displacement during the pull-out process. This method has no obvious disadvantages for testing the anchor pull-out performance of rock masses with high strength and good integrity. However, for coal rock masses with low strength properties such as soft and broken rocks and developed joints and fissures, the bonding effect between the anchor and the surrounding rock is not significant due to the low strength of the surrounding rock. In addition, there are many residues and debris in the hole during the anchor drilling process, and the anchor is often unevenly mixed with the anchor, and the anchor is not mixed densely enough. The failure mechanism of the anchor pull-out interface is relatively complex when the anchor is pulled. Due to the limitation of the conditions of the traditional pull-out test device, the pull-out process cannot be visualized, and it is difficult to dynamically monitor the failure and damage of the pull-out interface of the anchor rod during the pull-out process. It is impossible to obtain the failure and damage characteristics of the pull-out interface of the anchor rod under the pull-out test conditions. The anchorability of the surrounding rock can only be defined based on the pull-out load, and the failure and damage mechanism of the pull-out interface of the anchor rod cannot be deeply analyzed. It is difficult to reveal the real reason why the anchoring capacity of low-strength coal rock mass with soft and broken joints and fissures is poor, resulting in the inability to give full play to the anchor support function. Therefore, for soft and broken rock mass with developed joints and fissures, there is a problem of poor anchoring performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an anchor pull-out test method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium, which are used to solve the problem of poor anchoring performance of soft, broken, and jointed rock masses. An anchor pull-out test is carried out through a visual anchor pull-out test device to test and analyze the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor. Based on a perspective observation window, a high-speed camera system is used to dynamically monitor the failure and damage of the anchor interface during the anchor pull-out process. After the pull-out is completed, the anchor pull-out interface in the pull-out borehole is non-destructively observed to reveal the failure mechanism of the rock anchor pull-out interface, and to achieve a visual test of the failure and damage of the rock anchor pull-out interface, thereby proposing relevant suggestions for improving the anchorability of the surrounding rock anchor and giving full play to the anchor support function.

[0005] The present invention provides an anchor pull-out test method, comprising:

[0006] The anchored rock mass sample and the visual transparent device are combined and installed to obtain a transparent anchored rock mass device, and an anchor rod pull-out test is performed on the transparent anchored rock mass device;

[0007] Dynamically monitor the failure of the anchor rod pulling interface according to the visual transparent device to obtain the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pulling interface;

[0008] After the anchor rod pull-out test is completed, the transparent anchor rock device is separated, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor rod pull-out interface are determined based on the separated anchor rock;

[0009] Determining the anchor failure factor of the anchored rock mass sample according to the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor rod, the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pull-out interface, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor rod pull-out interface;

[0010] Adjust the surrounding rock anchor support according to the anchor failure factors.

[0011] In one embodiment, the dynamic monitoring of the anchor bolt pulling interface failure according to the visual transparent device to obtain the first anchor bolt pulling interface failure feature includes:

[0012] By means of the transparent visualization device, image information of the failure of the anchor bolt pulling interface is captured based on the target camera;

[0013] Dynamic monitoring of the anchor rod pulling interface failure is performed based on the image information to obtain the first anchor rod pulling interface failure characteristics.

[0014] In one embodiment, before performing the anchor pull test on the transparent anchoring rock device, the method further includes:

[0015] Putting an anchoring agent into the borehole of the transparent rock anchoring device, and stirring and installing the anchor rod based on the anchoring agent;

[0016] The diffusion form and distribution characteristics of impurities in the borehole under the action of stirring installation are dynamically monitored according to the visual transparent device.

[0017] In one embodiment, adjusting the surrounding rock bolt support according to the anchor failure factor includes:

[0018] Determine the failure mode of anchor rod pull-out interface failure according to the anchor failure factor;

[0019] Adjust the surrounding rock anchor support according to the failure mode.

[0020] In one embodiment, before determining the anchor failure factor of the anchored rock sample according to the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor, the first anchor pull-out interface failure characteristics, and the second anchor pull-out interface failure characteristics, the method includes:

[0021] During the anchor pull-out test of the transparent rock anchoring device, the pull-out load of the anchor is determined using a dynamometer;

[0022] The pulling displacement of the anchor rod is determined according to the displacement sensor.

[0023] In one embodiment, before the anchoring rock sample and the transparent visualization device are combined and installed to obtain the transparent anchoring rock device, the method includes:

[0024] The anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device are processed, wherein semicircular holes are provided at the centers of the boundaries of the anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device.

[0025] In one embodiment, the step of combining and installing the anchored rock sample with the transparent visualization device to obtain a transparent anchored rock device comprises:

[0026] Determining the position information of the anchored rock sample and the semicircular borehole in the visual transparent device;

[0027] The anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device are combined and installed according to the position information to obtain the transparent anchoring rock device.

[0028] The present invention also provides an anchor rod pulling test device, comprising:

[0029] A test module, used for combining and installing the anchored rock sample with the visual transparent device to obtain a transparent anchored rock device, and performing an anchor pull test on the transparent anchored rock device;

[0030] A monitoring module, used for dynamically monitoring the failure of the anchor rod pulling interface according to the visual transparent device, and obtaining the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pulling interface;

[0031] A first determination module is used to separate the transparent anchoring rock device after the anchoring rock pull-out test is completed, and determine the failure characteristics of the second anchoring rock pull-out interface according to the separated anchoring rock test;

[0032] A second determination module is used to determine the anchor failure factor of the anchored rock sample according to the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor, the failure characteristics of the first anchor pull-out interface, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor pull-out interface;

[0033] The adjustment module is used to adjust the surrounding rock anchor support according to the anchor failure factor.

[0034] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, any of the above-mentioned anchor pull-out test methods is implemented.

[0035] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the anchor pull-out test method as described in any one of the above is implemented.

[0036] The anchor pull-out test method, device, electronic device and storage medium provided by the present invention are as follows: an anchor rock sample is combined with a visual transparent device to obtain a transparent anchor rock device, and an anchor pull-out test is performed on the transparent anchor rock device; the anchor pull-out interface failure is dynamically monitored according to the visual transparent device to obtain the first anchor pull-out interface failure characteristic; after the anchor pull-out test is completed, the transparent anchor rock device is separated, and the second anchor pull-out interface failure characteristic is determined according to the separated anchor rock test; the anchor failure factor of the anchor rock sample is determined according to the anchor pull-out load, the pull-out displacement, the first anchor pull-out interface failure characteristic and the second anchor pull-out interface failure characteristic; and the surrounding rock anchor support is adjusted according to the anchor failure factor. Based on this, the anchor pulling test was carried out through the visual anchor pulling test device, and the anchor pulling load and pulling displacement were tested and analyzed. Based on the perspective observation window, a high-speed camera system was used to dynamically monitor the failure and damage of the anchor rod interface during the anchor pulling process. After the pulling was completed, the anchor rod pulling interface in the pulling borehole was non-destructively observed to reveal the failure mechanism of the rock anchor pulling interface and realize the visual test of the failure and damage of the rock anchor pulling interface, so as to put forward relevant suggestions to improve the anchorability of the surrounding rock anchor and give full play to the supporting role of the anchor rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is one of the flow diagrams of the anchor rod pulling test method provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is the second flow chart of the anchor rod pulling test method provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the anchor rod pulling visual test provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transparent rock anchoring device provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the failure and damage of the anchor rod pulling interface provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anchor rod pulling test device provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 7 The invention describes an anchor pull-out test method, a device, an electronic device and a storage medium.

[0047] Specifically, the present invention provides an anchor pull-out test method, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 It is one of the flow diagrams of the anchor rod pulling test method provided by the present invention.

[0048] The anchor rod pull-out test method provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0049] Step S10, combining and installing the anchored rock sample and the visual transparent device to obtain a transparent anchored rock device, and performing an anchor rod pulling test on the transparent anchored rock device;

[0050] It should be noted that the present invention adopts a transparent anchoring rock device to perform pull-out tests, so as to facilitate visual monitoring of the diffusion morphology and distribution characteristics of residues, debris, anchor packaging bags, etc. in the borehole under the stirring and installation action of the anchor drilling rig during the pull-out test, as well as visual monitoring of the dynamic evolution characteristics of failure and damage of the anchor pulling interface of the anchor rod body, anchoring agent and rock mass. Based on this, it is necessary to pre-construct a transparent anchoring rock device.

[0051] Specifically, the steps of constructing the transparent rock anchoring device include:

[0052] 1. Processing anchored rock samples. The characteristics of the anchored rock samples are: rectangular samples (customizable according to needs), a semicircular drill hole of 30mm (customizable according to needs) is reserved in the center of the sample boundary. The rock mass can be directly sampled from the coal mine for processing, or it can be trial-produced using the physical model test method. It can process and produce coal rock samples with different degrees of softness and crushing, and different joint and fissure development, simulating coal rock masses of different strength grades, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0053] 2. Processing of visual transparent device. The characteristics of this visual transparent device are: transparent, with a semicircular drill hole of 30mm (customizable according to needs) reserved in the center of the device boundary, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0054] 3. Combine the processed anchor rock sample and the visual transparent device to form a transparent anchor rock device. A circular drill hole with a diameter of 30 mm is formed at the center of the transparent anchor rock device. Figure 4 ) for anchoring installation.

[0055] By constructing a transparent rock anchoring device, various information can be visually monitored during the anchor pull-out test, so as to put forward relevant suggestions for improving the anchorability of surrounding rock anchors and give full play to the supporting role of anchors.

[0056] Furthermore, the transparent anchoring rock device obtained by combining and installing the anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device comprises:

[0057] Step S11, determining the position information of the anchored rock sample and the semicircular borehole in the visualization transparent device;

[0058] Step S12, combining and installing the anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device according to the position information to obtain the transparent anchoring rock device.

[0059] It should be noted that since a semicircular bore hole is provided at the center of the boundary between the anchored rock sample and the visual transparent device, the accuracy of the combined installation of the anchored rock sample and the visual transparent device can be improved by performing the combined installation based on the position information of the semicircular bore hole.

[0060] Specifically, the position information of the anchored rock sample and the semicircular borehole in the transparent visualization device is determined, and then the anchored rock sample and the transparent visualization device are combined and installed according to the position information to obtain a transparent anchored rock device. Figure 4 A semicircular drill hole of 30 mm (customizable according to needs) is reserved in the center of the boundary of the anchoring rock specimen and the visual transparent device. After the semicircular drill holes are combined and installed based on the position information, a circular drill hole with a diameter of 30 mm is formed in the center of the joint of the transparent anchoring rock device for anchoring installation.

[0061] The embodiment of the present invention combines and installs the anchored rock sample and the visualized transparent device through the position information of the semicircular borehole to obtain a transparent anchored rock device, thereby improving the accuracy of the combined installation of the anchored rock sample and the visualized transparent device.

[0062] Step S20, dynamically monitoring the failure of the anchor rod pulling interface according to the visual transparent device to obtain the first anchor rod pulling interface failure feature;

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, since the visualization transparent device in the transparent anchoring rock device is transparent, various information can be dynamically monitored through the visualization transparent device during the anchor pull-out test. During the anchor pull-out test, the anchor pull-out interface failure is dynamically monitored based on the visualization transparent device to obtain the first anchor pull-out interface failure feature. Specifically, the visualization transparent device is used to capture image information of the anchor pull-out interface failure based on the target camera, and then the anchor pull-out interface failure is dynamically monitored based on the image information to obtain the first anchor pull-out interface failure feature, wherein the target camera can be a high-speed camera. For example, referring to Figure 4 A high-speed camera is provided at the transparent observation window. The high-speed camera captures the target based on the digital image and converts it into an image signal, and then transmits the image signal to a dedicated image processing system. The image processing system analyzes the image signal to obtain the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pulling interface.

[0064] The embodiment of the present invention captures image information of the failure of the anchor pulling interface through a target camera, and then dynamically monitors the failure of the anchor pulling interface based on the image information to obtain the first anchor pulling interface failure feature, so as to realize a visual test of the failure and damage of the rock anchor pulling interface, thereby proposing relevant suggestions for improving the anchorability of the surrounding rock anchor and giving full play to the anchor support role.

[0065] Step S30, after the anchor rod pulling test is completed, the transparent anchoring rock mass device is separated, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor rod pulling interface are determined based on the separated anchoring rock mass;

[0066] In an embodiment of the present invention, after the anchor pull-out test is completed, the transparent anchoring rock device is separated, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor pull-out interface are determined based on the separated anchoring rock test. For example, after the anchor pull-out test is completed, the anchoring rock sample is separated from the visual transparent device to observe the interface failure and damage characteristics of the rock, anchoring agent and anchor rod body in the anchoring semicircular borehole of the anchoring rock sample, that is, the second anchor pull-out interface failure characteristics.

[0067] Step S40, determining the anchor failure factor of the anchored rock mass sample according to the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor rod, the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pull-out interface, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor rod pull-out interface;

[0068] It should be noted that during the anchor pull-out test, the anchor pull-out load and pull-out displacement are also measured. Specifically, during the anchor pull-out test of the transparent anchor rock device, the anchor pull-out load is determined according to the dynamometer, and then the anchor pull-out displacement is determined according to the displacement sensor. The anchor pull-out load and pull-out displacement are respectively monitored by the dynamometer and the displacement sensor during the tensioning process, thereby improving the accuracy of the anchor pull-out load and pull-out displacement measurement.

[0069] Further, according to the pull-out load, pull-out displacement, first anchor pull-out interface failure characteristics and second anchor pull-out interface failure characteristics of the anchor rod, the anchor failure factors of the anchored rock mass sample are determined. It can be understood that the anchor failure factors include low surrounding rock strength, insignificant bonding effect between surrounding rock and anchoring agent, resulting in poor anchoring of the anchor rod; the surrounding rock is relatively broken, there are many debris in the borehole, the anchoring agent is unevenly stirred, and the anchoring agent strength is insufficient, resulting in poor anchoring of the anchor rod, etc. For example, according to the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor rod, the pull-out load displacement curve of the anchor rod is determined, and then the anchor failure factors of the anchored rock mass sample are determined according to the pull-out load displacement curve of the anchor rod and the failure characteristics of the pull-out interfaces of the first and second anchor rods.

[0070] It should be noted that the failure characteristics of the first and second anchor pull-out interfaces refer to the corresponding failure characteristics in the failure damage mode, such as insufficient strength of the anchor itself, low rock strength, and weak bonding effect between the anchor and surrounding rock interfaces.

[0071] Step S50, adjusting the surrounding rock anchor support according to the anchor failure factor.

[0072] It should be noted that surrounding rock refers to the surrounding rock mass whose stress state changes due to the influence of excavation in rock underground engineering. Among them, the rocks around the ore body and the rock mass are all called surrounding rock. Anchor support refers to a reinforcement support method used in surface engineering such as slopes and deep rock foundation pits, and underground chambers such as tunnels and mining sites. Rods are made of metal parts, wood parts, polymer parts or other materials, and driven into pre-drilled holes in the surface rock mass or the rock mass around the chamber. The surrounding rock is combined with the stable rock mass by using the special structure of the head and rod body and the tail support plate (optional), or relying on the bonding effect to produce a suspension effect, a composite beam effect, and a reinforcement effect to achieve the purpose of support.

[0073] It should be noted that the failure diagram of the anchor pull-out interface is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the figure, there are three failure modes: (1) failure of the anchor bolt-anchoring agent interface - interface I (AB); (2) failure of the anchor bolt - interface II (BB); (3) failure of the anchor bolt-surrounding rock interface - interface III (BC). Among them, the three different interface failure modes of anchor bolt pullout have different requirements for anchor bolt support. The failure of interface I indicates that the anchor bolt has a high bonding property with the surrounding rock, which can effectively transfer the surrounding rock deformation to the anchor bolt body, and the anchor bolt generates support resistance to effectively control the surrounding rock deformation; the failure of interface II indicates that the strength of the anchor bolt itself is not enough, and the role of the anchor bolt as a transmission medium between the surrounding rock and the anchor bolt is not significant, resulting in the inability to fully exert the anchor bolt support function; the failure of interface III indicates that the bonding effect between the anchor bolt and the surrounding rock interface is not obvious, and the sensitivity of the anchor bolt to the surrounding rock deformation is not significant, so it cannot fully exert its support function.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present invention, after determining the anchor failure factor, the surrounding rock anchor support is adjusted according to the anchor failure factor. Specifically, the failure failure mode of the anchor pull-out interface failure is determined according to the anchor failure factor, and then the surrounding rock anchor support is adjusted according to the failure failure mode. For example, the failure of interface II indicates that the anchoring agent is not mixed and installed in place and is not dense, so the anchor mixing and installation process needs to be improved; if the failure of interface III indicates that the rock mass strength is low, the rock mass needs to be grouting reinforced to improve the surrounding rock strength and anchorability. By making relevant improvements to the surrounding rock anchor support, the anchor support effect can be strengthened.

[0075] After determining the anchor failure factors, the embodiment of the present invention determines the failure mode of the anchor pull-out interface failure according to the anchor failure factors, and then adjusts the surrounding rock anchor support according to the failure mode, and proposes different improvement measures through different failure modes, thereby proposing relevant suggestions for improving the anchorability of the surrounding rock anchor, giving full play to the role of anchor support, which is of great significance for the control of surrounding rocks such as low-strength coal bodies in coal roadways, and developed joints and fissures.

[0076] The anchor pull-out test method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is to obtain a transparent anchor rock device by merging an anchor rock sample with a visual transparent device, and then perform an anchor pull-out test on the transparent anchor rock device; dynamically monitor the failure of the anchor pull-out interface according to the visual transparent device to obtain the failure characteristics of the first anchor pull-out interface; after the anchor pull-out test is completed, the transparent anchor rock device is separated, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor pull-out interface are determined according to the separated anchor rock test; the anchor failure factor of the anchor rock sample is determined according to the anchor pull-out load, pull-out displacement, the failure characteristics of the first anchor pull-out interface, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor pull-out interface; and the surrounding rock anchor support is adjusted according to the anchor failure factor. Based on this, the anchor pulling test was carried out through the visual anchor pulling test device, and the anchor pulling load and pulling displacement were tested and analyzed. Based on the perspective observation window, a high-speed camera system was used to dynamically monitor the failure and damage of the anchor rod interface during the anchor pulling process. After the pulling was completed, the anchor rod pulling interface in the pulling borehole was non-destructively observed to reveal the failure mechanism of the rock anchor pulling interface and realize the visual test of the failure and damage of the rock anchor pulling interface, so as to put forward relevant suggestions to improve the anchorability of the surrounding rock anchor and give full play to the supporting role of the anchor rod.

[0077] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 2 is a flow chart of the anchor pull-out test method provided by the present invention. In the anchor pull-out test method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, before the anchor pull-out test is performed on the transparent anchoring rock device, the method further includes:

[0078] Step S60, placing an anchoring agent into the borehole of the transparent rock anchoring device, and stirring and installing the anchor rod based on the anchoring agent;

[0079] Step S70, dynamically monitoring the diffusion morphology and distribution characteristics of impurities in the borehole under the action of the stirring installation according to the visual transparent device.

[0080] It should be noted that before conducting the anchor pull-out test, the anchor needs to be mixed, installed and anchored, that is, drilling a hole in the rock mass, and putting in a resin anchoring agent, and then inserting the anchor into the hole for mixing, installing and fixing. However, for coal rock masses with low strength properties such as soft and broken, developed joints and fissures, due to the low strength of the surrounding rock, there are a lot of residues and debris in the hole during the anchor drilling process, and the anchoring agent is often unevenly mixed by the anchor, and the anchoring agent is not mixed densely enough, which leads to a more complex mechanism of failure of the anchor pulling interface when the anchor is pulled. Based on this, during the process of mixing, installing and anchoring the anchor, it is necessary to dynamically monitor the diffusion form and distribution characteristics of impurities such as residues and debris to improve the accuracy of determining the failure of the anchor pulling interface.

[0081] In an embodiment of the present invention, before performing an anchor pull-out test, an anchoring agent is placed in a borehole of a transparent anchoring rock device, and the anchor is stirred and installed based on the anchoring agent, and then the diffusion morphology and distribution characteristics of impurities in the borehole under the stirring and installation are dynamically monitored based on the visual transparent device. Specifically, after the anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device are combined and installed to obtain a transparent anchoring rock device, the bottom of the borehole is sealed, and then a resin anchoring agent is placed in the borehole, and the anchor is inserted into the borehole, and then the anchor drill is used for stirring and installation. Through the visual transparent device, using a high-speed camera, the diffusion morphology and distribution characteristics of the residue in the borehole, the anchor packaging bag, etc. under the stirring and installation of the anchor drill can be dynamically monitored during the anchor stirring and installation process.

[0082] The embodiment of the present invention performs visual dynamic monitoring of the diffusion morphology and distribution characteristics of impurities such as residues, debris, and anchor packaging bags in the borehole under the action of stirring and installation during the anchor stirring and installation process. This provides a research method for studying the influence of impurities such as residues and debris in the borehole on the anchoring of the anchor under the conditions of soft, broken, and well-developed joints and fissures in coal rock, thereby proposing relevant suggestions for improving the anchorability of the surrounding rock anchor and giving full play to the supporting role of the anchor.

[0083] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the anchor rod pulling visualization test provided by the present invention.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present invention, the anchor bolt pulling visual test includes the following steps:

[0085] (1) Processing anchored rock samples. The characteristics of the anchored rock samples are: rectangular samples, with a semicircular drill hole of 30 mm (customizable according to needs) reserved in the center of the sample boundary. The rock can be directly sampled from coal mines for processing, or it can be trial-produced using physical model test methods. Coal rock samples with different degrees of softness and crushing, and different joint and fissure development can be processed to simulate coal rock with different strength grades, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0086] (2) Processing a visual transparent device. The features of the visual transparent device are: transparent, with a semicircular drill hole of 30 mm (customizable according to needs) reserved in the center of the device boundary, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0087] (3) The processed anchored rock sample and the visualized transparent device are combined and installed to form a transparent anchored rock device. A circular drill hole with a diameter of 30 mm is formed at the center of the transparent anchored rock device. Figure 4 ) for anchoring installation.

[0088] (4) Seal the bottom of the borehole, then put the resin anchor into the borehole, insert the anchor rod into the borehole, and then use the anchor drilling rig to mix and install. Through the visual transparent device and the high-speed camera, the diffusion morphology and distribution characteristics of the residue in the borehole, the anchor packaging bag, etc. under the action of the anchor drilling rig mixing and installation can be dynamically monitored. After the anchor rod is fully mixed and installed, it is left for 1 day to allow the resin anchor to fully react.

[0089] (5) An anchor tensioning pump is used to carry out a pull-out test on the anchor. A dynamometer and a displacement sensor are used to monitor the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor during the tensioning process. At the same time, a visual transparent device is used to monitor the dynamic evolution characteristics of the interface failure and damage of the rock mass, anchoring agent and anchor body during the anchor pulling process based on a high-speed camera, that is, the first anchor pulling interface failure characteristics.

[0090] (6) After the bolt pull-out test is completed, the anchored rock sample is separated from the visual transparent device to observe the interface failure characteristics of the rock mass, anchoring agent and anchor rod body in the anchoring semicircular borehole of the anchored rock sample, that is, the second bolt pull-out interface failure characteristics;

[0091] (7) After the test, based on the curve diagram of anchor pull-out load and pull-out displacement, the failure characteristics of the first anchor pull-out interface and the failure characteristics of the second anchor pull-out interface, the core influencing factors affecting anchor bolt anchoring under this type of rock mass conditions are revealed. At the same time, based on the core influencing factors, relevant suggestions for surrounding rock anchoring under this type of rock mass conditions are put forward. For example, the failure of interface II indicates that the anchoring agent is not mixed and installed in place and is not dense, and the anchor bolt mixing and installation process needs to be improved; if the failure of interface III indicates that the rock mass strength is low, the rock mass needs to be grouting reinforced to improve the surrounding rock strength and anchorability. By making relevant improvements to the surrounding rock anchor support, the anchor support effect can be strengthened.

[0092] The embodiment of the present invention mainly targets the anchoring performance problem of soft and broken coal rock with developed joints and fissures, visualizes the anchor pull-out test process and non-destructively observes the failure and damage characteristics of the anchor interface of the soft and broken coal rock with developed joints and fissures, and combines the anchor pull-out load-displacement curve to reveal the anchoring failure and damage mechanism of the soft and broken coal rock with developed joints and fissures, clarifies the core influencing factors affecting the anchoring of the soft and broken coal rock with developed joints and fissures, and puts forward relevant suggestions for improving the anchor support of the soft and broken coal rock with developed joints and fissures, thereby achieving the effect of strengthening the anchor support of the soft and broken coal rock with developed joints and fissures.

[0093] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor rod pulling test device provided by the present invention, referring to Figure 6 An embodiment of the present invention provides an anchor pulling test device, including a test module 601, a monitoring module 602, a first determination module 603, a second determination module 604 and an adjustment module 605.

[0094] The test module 601 is used to combine and install the anchored rock sample and the visual transparent device to obtain a transparent anchored rock device, and perform an anchor pull test on the transparent anchored rock device;

[0095] The monitoring module 602 is used to dynamically monitor the failure of the bolt pulling interface according to the visual transparent device to obtain the failure characteristics of the first bolt pulling interface;

[0096] The first determination module 603 is used to separate the transparent anchoring rock device after the anchoring rock test is completed, and determine the failure characteristics of the second anchoring rock interface according to the separated anchoring rock test;

[0097] The second determination module 604 is used to determine the anchor failure factor of the anchored rock sample according to the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor, the first anchor pull-out interface failure characteristics and the second anchor pull-out interface failure characteristics;

[0098] The adjustment module 605 is used to adjust the surrounding rock anchor support according to the anchor failure factor.

[0099] The anchor pull-out test device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a transparent anchor rock device obtained by merging an anchor rock sample with a visual transparent device, and performing an anchor pull-out test on the transparent anchor rock device; dynamically monitoring the failure of the anchor pull-out interface according to the visual transparent device to obtain the failure characteristics of the first anchor pull-out interface; after the anchor pull-out test is completed, the transparent anchor rock device is separated, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor pull-out interface are determined according to the separated anchor rock test; the anchor failure factor of the anchor rock sample is determined according to the anchor pull-out load, the pull-out displacement, the failure characteristics of the first anchor pull-out interface and the failure characteristics of the second anchor pull-out interface; and the surrounding rock anchor support is adjusted according to the anchor failure factor. Based on this, the anchor pulling test was carried out through the visual anchor pulling test device, and the anchor pulling load and pulling displacement were tested and analyzed. Based on the perspective observation window, a high-speed camera system was used to dynamically monitor the failure and damage of the anchor rod interface during the anchor pulling process. After the pulling was completed, the anchor rod pulling interface in the pulling borehole was non-destructively observed to reveal the failure mechanism of the rock anchor pulling interface and realize the visual test of the failure and damage of the rock anchor pulling interface, so as to put forward relevant suggestions to improve the anchorability of the surrounding rock anchor and give full play to the supporting role of the anchor rod.

[0100] In one embodiment, the monitoring module 602 is specifically used for:

[0101] By means of the transparent visualization device, image information of the failure of the anchor bolt pulling interface is captured based on the target camera;

[0102] Dynamic monitoring of the anchor rod pulling interface failure is performed according to the image information to obtain the first anchor rod pulling interface failure characteristics.

[0103] In one embodiment, the method further comprises: installing the module and the first monitoring module;

[0104] The installation module puts an anchoring agent into a borehole of the transparent rock anchoring device, and stirs and installs the anchor rod based on the anchoring agent;

[0105] The first monitoring module dynamically monitors the diffusion morphology and distribution characteristics of impurities in the borehole under the action of the stirring installation according to the visual transparent device.

[0106] In one embodiment, the adjustment module 605 is specifically used for:

[0107] Determine the failure mode of anchor rod pull-out interface failure according to the anchor failure factor;

[0108] Adjust the surrounding rock anchor support according to the failure mode.

[0109] In one embodiment, the second determining module 604 is specifically configured to:

[0110] During the anchor pull-out test of the transparent rock anchoring device, the pull-out load of the anchor is determined using a dynamometer;

[0111] The pulling displacement of the anchor rod is determined according to the displacement sensor.

[0112] In one embodiment, the testing module 601 is specifically used for:

[0113] The anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device are processed, wherein semicircular holes are provided at the centers of the boundaries of the anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device.

[0114] In one embodiment, the testing module 601 is specifically used for:

[0115] Determining the position information of the anchored rock sample and the semicircular borehole in the visual transparent device;

[0116] The anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device are combined and installed according to the position information to obtain the transparent anchoring rock device.

[0117] Figure 7 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown in FIG. Figure 7As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 710, a communication interface 720, a memory 730 and a communication bus 740, wherein the processor 710, the communication interface 720 and the memory 730 communicate with each other through the communication bus 740. The processor 710 may call the logic instructions in the memory 730 to execute the anchor pull test method, which includes:

[0118] The anchored rock mass sample and the visual transparent device are combined and installed to obtain a transparent anchored rock mass device, and an anchor rod pull-out test is performed on the transparent anchored rock mass device;

[0119] Dynamically monitor the failure of the anchor rod pulling interface according to the visual transparent device to obtain the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pulling interface;

[0120] After the anchor rod pull-out test is completed, the transparent anchor rock device is separated, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor rod pull-out interface are determined based on the separated anchor rock;

[0121] Determining the anchor failure factor of the anchored rock mass sample according to the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor rod, the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pull-out interface, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor rod pull-out interface;

[0122] Adjust the surrounding rock anchor support according to the anchor failure factors.

[0123] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 730 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0124] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is implemented when the computer program is executed by a processor to perform the anchor pull-out test method provided by the above methods, the method comprising:

[0125] The anchored rock mass sample and the visual transparent device are combined and installed to obtain a transparent anchored rock mass device, and an anchor rod pull-out test is performed on the transparent anchored rock mass device;

[0126] Dynamically monitor the failure of the anchor rod pulling interface according to the visual transparent device to obtain the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pulling interface;

[0127] After the anchor rod pull-out test is completed, the transparent anchor rock device is separated, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor rod pull-out interface are determined based on the separated anchor rock;

[0128] Determining the anchor failure factor of the anchored rock mass sample according to the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor rod, the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pull-out interface, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor rod pull-out interface;

[0129] Adjust the surrounding rock anchor support according to the anchor failure factors.

[0130] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0131] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0132] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor pull-out test method, It is characterized in that include: The anchored rock mass sample and the visual transparent device are combined and installed to obtain a transparent anchored rock mass device, and an anchor rod pull-out test is performed on the transparent anchored rock mass device; The anchoring rock samples are coal rock samples with different degrees of softness and crushing and different development of joints and fissures; Dynamically monitor the failure of the anchor rod pulling interface according to the visual transparent device to obtain the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pulling interface; After the anchor rod pull-out test is completed, the transparent anchoring rock mass device is separated, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor rod pull-out interface are determined based on the separated anchoring rock mass sample; Determining the anchor failure factor of the anchored rock mass sample according to the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor rod, the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pull-out interface, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor rod pull-out interface; Determine the failure mode according to the anchor failure factor, and adjust the surrounding rock bolt support of the coal mine tunnel according to the failure mode; the failure mode includes anchor bolt anchor agent interface failure, anchor agent failure and anchor agent surrounding rock interface failure; Before the anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device are combined and installed to obtain the transparent anchoring rock device, the method includes: Processing the anchored rock sample and the visual transparent device, wherein the centers of the boundaries of the anchored rock sample and the visual transparent device are both provided with semicircular holes; The transparent anchoring rock device obtained by combining and installing the anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device comprises: Determine the position information of the anchoring rock sample and the semicircular borehole in the visual transparent device; and according to the position information, combine and install the anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device to obtain the transparent anchoring rock device.

2. The anchor pull-out test method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The failure of the bolt pulling interface is dynamically monitored according to the transparent visualization device to obtain the first bolt pulling interface failure feature, which includes: By means of the transparent visualization device, image information of the failure of the anchor bolt pulling interface is captured based on the target camera; Dynamic monitoring of the anchor rod pulling interface failure is performed based on the image information to obtain the first anchor rod pulling interface failure characteristics.

3. The anchor pull-out test method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Before performing the anchor rod pulling test on the transparent rock anchoring device, the method further includes: Putting an anchoring agent into the borehole of the transparent rock anchoring device, and stirring and installing the anchor rod based on the anchoring agent; The diffusion form and distribution characteristics of impurities in the borehole under the action of stirring installation are dynamically monitored according to the visual transparent device.

4. The anchor pull-out test method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The adjusting of surrounding rock anchor support according to the anchor failure factor comprises: Determine the failure mode of anchor rod pull-out interface failure according to the anchor failure factor; Adjust the surrounding rock anchor support according to the failure mode.

5. The anchor pull-out test method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Before determining the anchor failure factor of the anchored rock mass sample according to the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor rod, the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pull-out interface, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor rod pull-out interface, the method includes: During the anchor pull-out test of the transparent rock anchoring device, the pull-out load of the anchor is determined using a dynamometer; The pulling displacement of the anchor rod is determined according to the displacement sensor.

6. An anchor pull-out test device, It is characterized in that include: The test module is used to combine and install the anchored rock sample with the visual transparent device to obtain a transparent anchored rock device, and to perform an anchor pull test on the transparent anchored rock device; the anchored rock sample is a coal rock sample with different degrees of softness and crushing and different joint and fissure development; A monitoring module, used for dynamically monitoring the failure of the anchor rod pulling interface according to the visual transparent device, and obtaining the failure characteristics of the first anchor rod pulling interface; A first determination module is used to separate the transparent anchoring rock device after the anchoring rock pull-out test is completed, and determine the failure characteristics of the second anchoring rock pull-out interface according to the separated anchoring rock sample; A second determination module is used to determine the anchor failure factor of the anchored rock sample according to the pull-out load and pull-out displacement of the anchor, the failure characteristics of the first anchor pull-out interface, and the failure characteristics of the second anchor pull-out interface; An adjustment module is used to determine a failure mode according to the anchor failure factor, and adjust the surrounding rock bolt support of the coal mine tunnel according to the failure mode; the failure mode includes anchor bolt anchor agent interface failure, anchor agent failure and anchor agent surrounding rock interface failure; The test module is further used to process the anchored rock sample and the visual transparent device, wherein the centers of the boundaries of the anchored rock sample and the visual transparent device are both provided with semicircular holes; The test module is also used to determine the position information of the anchoring rock sample and the semicircular borehole in the visual transparent device; and to combine and install the anchoring rock sample and the visual transparent device according to the position information to obtain the transparent anchoring rock device.

7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, It is characterized in that When the processor executes the program, the anchor pull-out test method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

8. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, It is characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the anchor pull-out test method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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