A test box for simulating the impact of environmental climate on soil

Abstract

The present invention discloses a test box for simulating the influence of environmental climate on soil, comprising a box body and a box cover, the upper end of the box body is open, a detachable cover of the box cover is arranged at the open position of the upper end of the box body, and a heater is provided at the lower end of the box cover, and the heater is used for adjusting the temperature inside the box body, the box body has a water inlet and a water outlet connected with the interior thereof, a test station is provided on the bottom wall of the box body, a nozzle and a measuring device are provided in the box body above the test station, a sample piece containing a soil sample block is vertically placed at the test station, the nozzle is used for spraying water onto the sample piece to simulate rainfall penetrating into the sample piece, the measuring device is used for measuring the expansion and contraction of the soil sample block, a vacuum port is provided on the side wall of the box body or the upper end of the box cover, and the vacuum port is used for communicating with the air inlet of a vacuum pump, the structure is simple, the reliability is good and the degree of intelligence is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of resource environment and soil mechanics testing, and particularly relates to a test box for simulating the influence of environmental climate on soil. Background Art

[0002] Typically, soil expands when soaked in water and contracts when it loses water. Understanding the macroscopic and microscopic properties of soil under different weather conditions is extremely important for agriculture, landslide disaster management, and construction projects. To study the characteristics of different soils under changing environments, existing testing instruments for the dry and wet states of rock and soil cannot effectively simulate the effects of rainfall, sunshine, wind, temperature, and humidity on the soil. Furthermore, their testing cycles are long, costly, and inefficient. Existing testing instruments require the specimen to be removed from the test chamber for drying or natural air drying. This makes it impossible to continuously simulate the actual dry and wet cycle of rock and soil. The soil sample can easily be damaged during the test, leading to test failure, and they lack intelligence. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a test box for simulating the impact of environmental climate on soil with simple structure, high test efficiency, accurate measurement data, low workload, and economy and environmental protection.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a test box for simulating the influence of environmental climate on soil, comprising a box body and a box cover, the upper end of the box body is open, the removable cover of the box cover is arranged at the open end of the upper end of the box body, and the lower end of the box cover is provided with a heater, the heater is used to adjust the temperature inside the box, the box body has a water inlet and a water outlet connected to its interior, a test station is provided on the bottom wall of the box body, a nozzle and a measuring device are provided in the box body above the test station, the test station is used to vertically place a sample piece containing a soil sample block, the nozzle is used to spray water onto the sample piece to simulate rainfall penetrating into the sample piece, the measuring device is used to measure the expansion and contraction of the soil sample block, and a vacuum port is provided on the side wall of the box body or the upper end of the box cover, and the vacuum port is used to communicate with the air inlet of a vacuum pump.

[0005] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that when the box cover is closed, the space inside the box can be in a relatively closed space, so that the test is less affected by the outside world. In addition, the heater can simulate the sun to heat the sample, and the nozzle can simulate rainfall, so as to simulate the expansion and contraction characteristics of the soil sample blocks in different climatic environments in the box as needed.

[0006] In the above technical solution, there are multiple test stations, and multiple nozzles and measuring devices are provided. There is one measuring device and at least one nozzle above each test station.

[0007] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that it can conduct parallel experiments on multiple soil samples of the same soil type under the same conditions, or conduct comparative experiments on soil samples of different soil types under the same conditions.

[0008] The sample piece in the above technical solution includes a sample tube and two permeable plates. The upper and lower ends of the sample tube are open, and the permeable plates match the inner hole of the sample tube. The two permeable plates are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the sample tube. The sample tube is filled with the soil sample block between the two permeable plates. A counterweight block is placed above the upper permeable plate, and the nozzle is used to spray water onto the upper permeable plate.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: its structure is simple, the sample tube can protect the soil sample block in the circumferential direction, and water can penetrate into the sample tube through the upper and lower ends of the sample tube to moisten the soil sample block.

[0010] The measuring device in the above technical solution is a ranging probe, the measuring end of which faces downward, and is used to measure the vertical displacement of the counterweight block or the permeable plate located above when the soil sample block expands or contracts.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the properties of the soil sample can be measured by measuring the upward expansion and contraction of the soil block sample.

[0012] In the above technical solution, a water distribution pipe is also provided in the box body, and the water distribution pipe has a water inlet end and multiple water outlet ends. The nozzle is connected to a water outlet end of the water distribution pipe, and the water inlet end of the water distribution pipe is connected to one end of the water inlet located in the box body.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that part of the water entering the water inlet is diverted by the water distribution pipe to be sprayed out by the nozzle, while the remaining part of the water directly flows into the box and is finally discharged through the water outlet.

[0014] The above technical solution also includes a controller, and the measuring device and the heater are both electrically connected to the controller.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the controller can control the working state of the heater and receive the expansion and contraction parameters measured by the measuring device.

[0016] In the above technical solution, a temperature sensor is further provided in the box, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0017] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the temperature sensor can monitor the temperature inside the box in real time, and transmit the measurement results to the controller, which then feeds back to adjust the operating status of the heater.

[0018] In the above technical solution, a weighing sensor is further provided on the inner bottom wall of the box at the test station. The weighing sensor is used to weigh the total weight of the sample piece and the soil sample block at the test station. The weighing sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: in this way, the total weight of the sample piece and the soil sample block at the test station can be weighed in real time by the heavy sensor, such as the total weight of the sample piece and the soil sample block when they are in a dry state and the total weight of the sample piece and the soil sample block after the sample piece is moistened, and the measurement results are transmitted to the controller for processing.

[0020] In the above technical solution, a humidity sensor is further provided in the box, and the humidity sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0021] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the humidity inside the box can be monitored in real time by the humidity sensor, and the measurement results can be transmitted to the controller in real time.

[0022] In the above technical solution, a flow sensor is provided at the water inlet, and the flow sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0023] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the flow rate at the water inlet can be monitored in real time by the flow sensor, and the measurement results can be transmitted to the controller in real time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A simplified structural diagram of a test box for simulating the impact of environmental climate on soil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the box and sample pieces according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 An exploded view of a sample piece according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A diagram showing the coordination between the sample piece and the soil sample block in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the box, sample piece, nozzle and measuring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 2 is an electrical connection diagram of the controller in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1 box body, 11 nozzle, 12 measuring device, 13 water inlet, 14 water outlet, 15 water distribution pipe, 16 vacuum port, 2 box cover, 21 heater, 3 sample piece, 31 sample cylinder, 32 permeable plate, 33 counterweight, 4 soil sample block, 5 vacuum pump, 6 controller, 71 temperature sensor, 72 weighing sensor, 73 humidity sensor, 74 flow sensor, 75 pressure sensor, 8 water tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a test box for simulating the influence of environmental climate on soil, including a box body 1 and a box cover 2, the upper end of the box body 1 is open, the detachable cover of the box cover 2 is arranged at the open end of the box body 1, and the lower end of the box cover 2 is provided with a heater 21, the heater 21 is used to adjust the temperature of the box body 1, the box body 1 has a water inlet 13 and a water outlet 14 connected to the interior thereof, a test station is provided on the bottom wall of the box body 1, a nozzle 11 and a measuring device 12 are provided above the test station in the box body 1, and the test station is used to vertically place a soil sample block 4 The sample piece 3, the nozzle 11 is used to spray water onto the sample piece 3 to simulate rainfall penetrating into the sample piece 3, the measuring device 12 is used to measure the expansion and contraction of the soil sample block 4, and a vacuum port 16 is provided on the side wall of the box body 1 or the upper end of the box cover 2, and the vacuum port 16 is connected to the air inlet of the vacuum pump 5. In this way, when the box cover is closed, the space in the box body is in a relatively closed space, so that the test is less affected by the outside world. In addition, the heater can simulate the sun to heat the sample piece, and the nozzle simulates rainfall, so as to simulate the expansion and contraction characteristics of the soil sample block under different climatic environments in the box body as needed. Preferably, the box body is a cubic box, the box cover is square, the box cover can be rotatably mounted on the upper end of the box body, and can be rotated to open or close the upper end of the box body. The lower end of the box cover (the lower end when the box body is rotated to close) is evenly spaced with multiple heaters (the heaters can be electric heating plates). At this time, the multiple heaters can evenly heat the box body. In addition, when the vacuum pump is evacuated, a negative pressure can be created in the box body. In addition, the air flow can also flow in the box body to simulate blowing in the box body.

[0033] Wherein, the nozzle can be a flow-adjustable nozzle.

[0034] In the above technical solution, there are multiple test stations, multiple nozzles 11, and multiple measuring devices 12, and each test station is provided with a measuring device 12 and at least one nozzle 11 above each test station. In this way, parallel experiments can be conducted on multiple soil samples of the same soil quality under the same conditions, or comparative experiments can be conducted on soil samples of different soil qualities under the same conditions. Preferably, the multiple test stations are distributed in a matrix on the bottom wall of the box (e.g., two rows and three columns), or the multiple test stations are directly distributed in a row within the box.

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the sample piece 3 in the above technical solution includes a sample tube 31 and two permeable plates 32 (the permeable plates can be permeable stone plates). The upper and lower ends of the sample tube 31 are open, and the permeable plates 32 match the inner hole of the sample tube 31. The two permeable plates 32 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the sample tube 31. The soil sample block 4 is filled between the two permeable plates 32 in the sample tube 31. A counterweight block 33 is placed above the upper permeable plate 32. The nozzle 11 is used to spray water onto the upper permeable plate 32. Its structure is simple. At this time, the sample tube can protect the soil sample block in the circumferential direction, and water can penetrate into the sample tube through the upper and lower ends of the sample tube to moisten the soil sample block. In addition, a piece of filter paper can be placed between the permeable plate and the soil sample block to prevent mud stains in the soil sample block from seeping out. The weight of the counterweight block can be selected as needed.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the measuring device 12 in the above technical solution is a distance measuring probe (the distance measuring probe can be a laser distance measuring probe with high measurement sensitivity). The measuring end of the measuring device 12 faces downward, and is used to measure the vertical displacement of the counterweight block 33 or the permeable plate 32 located above when the soil sample 4 expands or contracts. In this way, the characteristics of the soil sample are measured by measuring the upward expansion or contraction of the soil sample. As the humidity of the soil sample increases, it expands, and when it expands, it squeezes the permeable plate located above to move upward. At this time, the displacement of the permeable plate measured by the measuring device can be regarded as the upward expansion of the soil sample. Similarly, when the humidity of the soil sample decreases, it contracts. When it contracts, the permeable plate located above moves downward. At this time, the displacement of the permeable plate measured by the measuring device can be regarded as the contraction of the soil sample.

[0037] Among them, in the above technical solution, a water distribution pipe 15 is also provided in the box body 1, and the water distribution pipe 15 has a water inlet end and multiple water outlet ends. The nozzle 11 is connected to a water outlet end of the water distribution pipe 15, and the water inlet end of the water distribution pipe 15 is connected to one end of the water inlet 13 located in the box body 1. In this way, part of the water entering the water inlet is diverted by the water distribution pipe to be sprayed out by the nozzle, and the remaining part of the water directly flows into the box body and is finally discharged through the water outlet. The water distribution pipe is preferably a hard pipe, which has a main pipe and a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe connected to the main pipe (the main pipe, the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are all hard pipes), wherein a first branch pipe is horizontally arranged above each column or row of test stations at the upper end of the box (the number of first branch pipes is set as needed, and the end of the first branch pipe away from the main pipe is blocked), the nozzle corresponding to each test station is connected to the first branch pipe passing above it, and the number of second branch pipes is set as needed, and the end away from the main pipe is located in the box and constitutes a water outlet, which is used to add water to the box to simulate the flow of surface rainwater, wherein the position where the nozzle is installed on the first branch pipe can constitute a water outlet. The first branch pipe can also be used as a mounting frame for a distance measuring device.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the above technical solution also includes a controller 6, and the measuring device 12 and the heater 21 are electrically connected to the controller 6, so that the controller can control the working state of the heater, and the controller can also receive the expansion and contraction parameters measured by the measuring device, wherein the controller can be a computer.

[0039] In the above technical solution, a temperature sensor 71 is also provided in the box body 1, and the temperature sensor 71 is electrically connected to the controller 6. In this way, the temperature sensor can monitor the temperature in the box body in real time and transmit the measurement results to the controller, which then feedbacks and adjusts the operating status of the heater.

[0040] In the above technical solution, a weighing sensor 72 is further provided on the inner bottom wall of the box body 1 at the test station. The weighing sensor 72 is used to weigh the total weight of the sample piece 3 and the soil sample block 4 at the test station. The weighing sensor 72 is electrically connected to the controller 6, so that the total weight of the sample piece and the soil sample block at the test station can be weighed in real time by the weighing sensor, such as the total weight of the sample piece and the soil sample block when they are in a dry state and the total weight of the sample piece and the soil sample block after the sample piece is moistened, and the measurement results are transmitted to the controller for processing.

[0041] In the above technical solution, a humidity sensor 73 is further provided in the box 1, and the humidity sensor 73 is electrically connected to the controller 6, so that the humidity in the box can be monitored by the humidity sensor in real time and the measurement results can be transmitted to the controller in real time.

[0042] In the above technical solution, a flow sensor 74 is provided at the water inlet 13, and the flow sensor 74 is electrically connected to the controller 6, so that the flow sensor can monitor the flow at the water inlet in real time and transmit the measurement result to the controller in real time.

[0043] In the above technical solution, a pressure sensor 75 is provided at the air inlet of the vacuum pump 5. The pressure sensor 75 and the vacuum pump 5 are electrically connected to the controller 6. In this way, the pressure sensor can measure the pressure of the box and transmit the measured results to the controller in real time. At the same time, the controller adjusts the working state of the vacuum pump in real time based on the results measured by the pressure sensor.

[0044] A water tank 8 can also be added outside the box body, the water tank is filled with water, and the water outlet is connected to the water tank. In addition, a water pump is provided, the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the inside of the water tank, and the water outlet of the water pump is connected to the water inlet. The water pump (a variable frequency water pump can be used) can also be electrically connected to the controller, so that the controller adjusts the flow rate of the water pump to simulate climate scenarios with different precipitation amounts.

[0045] The test chamber for simulating the effects of environmental climate on soil provided in this embodiment can adjust the operating states of the water pump, heater, and vacuum pump through a controller, thereby intelligently simulating environmental climate change to study the effects of multi-factor environmental climate change on soil (deformation, temperature, and moisture content). In addition, the vacuum pump and the heater inside the chamber can be combined to heat and ventilate the chamber and regulate the temperature inside the chamber, thereby accurately simulating changes in sunlight, air volume, temperature, and humidity in various natural environments, thereby improving the accuracy of the test. The vacuum pump can also accelerate the humidification and saturation of the soil sample inside the chamber, thereby reducing test time and improving test efficiency. A measuring device is provided to measure the vertical deformation of the soil sample and monitor the vertical deformation data of the soil sample in real time. A weighing sensor is provided at the test station to monitor the mass change of the soil sample in real time, thereby calculating the moisture content of the soil sample and its changing trend in real time. In order to simulate soil samples at different depths and pressure environments, a counterweight is provided on the sample to adjust the pressure on the soil sample.

[0046] By setting up temperature sensors, weighing sensors, humidity sensors, flow sensors and pressure sensors, the controller can obtain corresponding data in real time, thereby making the entire test box that simulates the impact of environmental climate on soil more intelligent.

[0047] The test method of the test box for simulating the influence of environmental climate on soil provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Prepare a soil sample and place it in a sample tube. Place a water pump at each end of the sample tube (note that filter paper is placed on the side where the soil sample contacts the water permeable plate). Place the sample with the soil sample in the test station and, if necessary, place a counterweight on the water permeable plate above (the weight of the counterweight depends on the need). At this time, the nozzle and measuring device above the test station must be aligned with the sample (preferably, the nozzle and measuring device are aligned with the water permeable plate above).

[0049] Step 2: Control the water pump through the controller, adjust the flow rate at the water pump outlet, and adjust the flow rate of the sprinkler nozzle to an appropriate flow rate to simulate rainfall;

[0050] Step 3: Cover the box (wrap a circle of transparent tape around the junction of the box cover and the box body for sealing), and control the vacuum pump through the controller to accelerate the saturation of the soil sample block;

[0051] Step 4: When the soil sample reaches saturation under the wet environment, record the data (record the temperature, humidity, pressure, soil sample expansion and soil sample moisture content in the box), turn off the water pump, and drain the water in the box through the outlet;

[0052] Step 5: Turn on the heater and control the operating power of the heater by the controller to simulate the influence of sunshine on the soil sample. When the soil sample reaches the load saturation under dry environment, record the data (record the temperature, humidity, pressure, expansion of the soil sample and moisture content of the soil sample in the box);

[0053] Step 6: Repeat steps 2 to 4 as many times as needed to complete the experiment and organize the experimental data (the organization of experimental data is a well-known attempt by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here).

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test box for simulating the impact of environmental climate on soil, characterized in that: The invention comprises a box body (1) and a box cover (2), wherein the upper end of the box body (1) is open, the detachable cover of the box cover (2) is arranged at the open position of the upper end of the box body (1), and the lower end of the box cover (2) is provided with a heater (21), and the heater (21) is used to adjust the temperature of the box body (1), the box body (1) has a water inlet (13) and a water outlet (14) communicated with the interior thereof, and a test station is provided on the bottom wall of the box body (1), and the box body (1) is located above the test station. A nozzle (11) and a measuring device (12) are provided. The test station is used to vertically place a sample piece (3) containing a soil sample block (4). The nozzle (11) is used to spray water onto the sample piece (3) to simulate rainfall penetrating into the sample piece (3). The measuring device (12) is used to measure the expansion and contraction of the soil sample block (4). A vacuum port (16) is provided on the side wall of the box body (1) or the upper end of the box cover (2). The vacuum port (16) is used to communicate with the air inlet of the vacuum pump (5). The sample piece (3) includes a sample tube (31) and two water-permeable plates (32). The upper and lower ends of the sample tube (31) are open, and the water-permeable plates (32) match the inner hole of the sample tube (31). The two water-permeable plates (32) are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the sample tube (31). The sample tube (31) is filled with the soil sample block (4) between the two water-permeable plates (32). Filter paper is placed on the side of the soil sample block (4) in contact with the water-permeable plate (32). A counterweight block (33) is placed above the upper water-permeable plate (32). The nozzle (11) is used to spray water onto the upper water-permeable plate (32). There are a plurality of the test stations, and a plurality of the nozzles (11) and the measuring devices (12) are provided, and above each of the test stations there is one measuring device (12) and at least one nozzle (11); The measuring device (12) is a distance measuring probe, with a measuring end facing downwards, and is used to measure the vertical displacement of the counterweight block (33) or the permeable plate (32) located above when the soil sample block (4) expands or contracts; A water distribution pipe (15) is also provided in the box (1), and the water distribution pipe (15) has a water inlet end and multiple water outlet ends. The nozzle (11) is connected to one water outlet end of the water distribution pipe (15), and the water inlet end of the water distribution pipe (15) is connected to one end of the water inlet (13) located in the box (1).

2. The test box for simulating the influence of environmental climate on soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a controller (6), and the measuring device (12) and the heater (21) are both electrically connected to the controller (6).

3. The test box for simulating the influence of environmental climate on soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (71) is also provided in the box (1), and the temperature sensor (71) is electrically connected to the controller (6).

4. The test box for simulating the influence of environmental climate on soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: A weighing sensor (72) is also provided on the inner bottom wall of the box (1) at the test station. The weighing sensor (72) is used to weigh the total weight of the sample piece (3) and the soil sample block (4) at the test station. The weighing sensor (72) is electrically connected to the controller (6).

5. The test box for simulating the influence of environmental climate on soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: A humidity sensor (73) is also provided in the box (1), and the humidity sensor (73) is electrically connected to the controller (6).

6. The test box for simulating the influence of environmental climate on soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flow sensor (74) is provided at the water inlet (13), and the flow sensor (74) is electrically connected to the controller (6).

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