Retrieval device with outstanding features for thrombectomy

Abstract

The retrieval device (100) may include an inwardly facing protruding feature that facilitates engagement and capture of a thrombus or other mass from a body cavity of a patient. The protruding feature (120) may be deployed from the frame (110) of the retrieval device to extend radially inward toward opposite sides of the frame (110). When deployed into a thrombus, the protruding feature (120) engages and pushes the thrombus as the retrieval device moves to facilitate capture.

Description

[0001] Cross-application of related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 929,708, filed on November 1, 2019, entitled “STENTS HAVING PROTRUDING FEATURES FOR THROMBECTOMY,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure generally relates to mechanical removal of objects from the body. In particular, devices and methods for thrombectomy are described herein. Background Art

[0004] It is often desirable to remove tissue from the body in the least invasive manner possible so as not to damage other tissues. For example, removing tissue, such as a blood clot, from within the vasculature can improve a patient's condition and quality of life.

[0005] Many vascular system problems stem from insufficient blood flow through the blood vessels. One cause of insufficient or irregular blood flow is a blockage within a blood vessel, called a blood clot or thrombus. A blood clot can develop for a variety of reasons, including trauma (such as after surgery), or from other causes. For example, a large percentage of the more than 1.2 million heart attacks in the United States are caused by a blood clot (thrombus) that forms within a coronary artery.

[0006] When a thrombus forms, it can effectively block blood flow through the area of ​​formation. If the thrombus extends across the inner diameter of the artery, it may cut off blood flow through the artery. If one of the coronary arteries is 100% thrombosed, blood flow in that artery stops, resulting in, for example, a shortage of oxygen-carrying red blood cells for supplying the muscles of the heart wall (myocardium). This thrombosis is not necessary to prevent blood loss, but it may be undesirably induced in an artery due to damage to the arterial wall caused by atherosclerotic disease. Thus, an underlying disease of atherosclerosis may not result in severe oxygen deficiency (ischemia), but may cause acute ischemia via induced thrombosis. Similarly, thrombosis in one of the carotid arteries can cause a stroke due to insufficient oxygen supply to important nerve centers within the skull. Lack of oxygen reduces or inhibits muscle activity, may cause chest pain (angina), and may cause the death of the myocardium, thereby permanently disabling the heart to some extent. If a large number of myocardial cells die, the heart will not be able to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs to maintain life. The extent of ischemia is influenced by many factors, including the availability of blood flow to deliver the necessary oxygen and the presence of collateral vessels.

[0007] The formation of a blood clot in a vein deep within the body is called deep vein thrombosis. Deep vein thrombosis, such as that occurring in the calf or thigh, can form in a vein that may then swell, and deep vein thrombosis can break away and cause a blockage in the lungs, known as a pulmonary embolism.

[0008] Clinical data suggests that clot removal may be beneficial or even necessary to improve outcomes. For example, in the peripheral vasculature, inventions and procedures may reduce the need for amputations by 80%. The ultimate goal of any approach to treating these arterial or venous system disorders is to quickly, safely, and economically clear the obstruction or restore patency. This can be accomplished by thrombolysis, fragmentation, clot aspiration, or a combination of these approaches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 A perspective view of an example of a retrieval device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0010] Figure 2 Some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Figure 1 Side view of the removal device.

[0011] Figure 3 Some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Figure 1 Front view of the take-out device.

[0012] Figure 4 Some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Figure 1 An enlarged view of a portion of the removal device.

[0013] Figure 5 Schematic diagram showing examples of salient features according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0014] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing another example of salient features according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing another example of salient features according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing another example of salient features according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0017] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram showing another example of salient features according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] Fig.10 Some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Figure 1 A perspective view of an example of a connector end of a removal device.

[0019] Fig.11 Some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Figure 1 A perspective view of another example of a connector end of a removal device.

[0020] Fig.12 Some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Figure 1 A perspective view of another example of a connector end of a removal device.

[0021] Fig.13 Some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Figure 1 A perspective view of another example of a connector end of a removal device.

[0022] Fig.14 A perspective view is shown of another example of a retrieval device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] Fig.15 Some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Fig.14 Side view of the removal device.

[0024] Fig.16 Some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown Fig.14 Front view of the take-out device.

[0025] Fig.17 A side view of another example of a retrieval device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0026] Fig.18 A side view of another example of a retrieval device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Fig.19 A side view of another example of a retrieval device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0028] Fig. 20 A first stage of an example of a method for removing a thrombus from a patient according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Fig.21 A second stage of a method for removing a thrombus from a patient is shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0030] Fig. 22 A third stage of a method for removing a thrombus from a patient is shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0031] Fig.23 A fourth stage of a method for removing a thrombus from a patient is shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] Fig.24 A first stage of an example of a method for removing a thrombus from a patient according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0033] Fig.25 A second stage of a method for removing a thrombus from a patient is shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0034] Fig.26 A third stage of a method for removing a thrombus from a patient is shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0035] Fig. 27 A fourth stage of a method for removing a thrombus from a patient is shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0036] In one or more embodiments, all components shown in each of the accompanying drawings may not be required, and one or more embodiments may include additional components not shown in the accompanying drawings. The arrangement and type of components may be changed without departing from the scope of the subject disclosure. Additional components, different components, or fewer components may be used within the scope of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The detailed description set forth below is intended as a description of various embodiments, and is not intended to represent the only embodiment in which the subject technology can be practiced. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the embodiments may be modified in various ways, all without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be illustrative in nature, rather than restrictive.

[0038] The following disclosure describes various embodiments of devices, systems and methods for using expandable structures (such as retrieval devices or stents), which have spikes, flails or other inward or outward protruding features for removing, changing, transporting and / or alleviating thrombi or other masses in human patients, and related devices and methods. The delivery system can be configured to deliver and position the expandable structure in a body cavity (such as a vessel). In addition, these delivery systems can also be configured to launch and expand the expandable structure in the body cavity. The expandable structure can be configured to engage a thrombus or other mass in a human patient. The delivery system can also be configured to interact with the expansion structure and collapse the structure to remove it from the body cavity together with the thrombus or other mass.

[0039] The following description and Figure 1–27, certain details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various embodiments of the present disclosure. In order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the various embodiments of the present disclosure, other details describing well-known structures and systems that are generally associated with expandable structures, inwardly or outwardly protruding features, and components or devices associated with the manufacture of such structures are not set forth below. In addition, many of the details and features shown in the figures are merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, other embodiments may have other details and features without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, a person of ordinary skill in the relevant art will understand that the present technology, including related devices, systems, and programs, may include other embodiments with additional elements or steps, and / or may include components not referenced below. Figure 1-27 Other embodiments of several features or steps shown and described. Furthermore, various embodiments of the present disclosure may include structures other than those shown in the figures, and are expressly not limited to the structures shown in the figures.

[0040] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the expandable retrieval device 100 is provided with a frame 110 and a plurality of inwardly extending protruding features 120. The frame 110 can be configured to expand radially outward after the retrieval device 100 has been withdrawn from the delivery shaft. The protruding features 120 can be configured to expand radially inward from the frame 110 when the retrieval device 100 is withdrawn from the delivery shaft and / or when the frame 110 expands radially outward.

[0041] The retrieval device 100 can be self-expanding when the constraint is released. Additionally or alternatively, the retrieval device 100 can be expandable by external stimulation (e.g., mechanical force, thermal stimulation, chemical reaction, etc.). The frame 110 may include a plurality of struts 112 arranged in a manner to support the compression, expansion, flexibility and bendability of the retrieval device 100. The struts 112 can be connected to each other to form an opening 108 extending through the frame 110, such as extending from a lumen within the frame 110 to the outside of the frame 110. The frame 110 can form a generally cylindrical shape along at least a portion of the retrieval device 100. At least a portion of each protruding feature 120 can extend at least partially inwardly from the frame 110 (e.g., toward the distal end of the retrieval device 100). For example, at least a portion of each protruding feature 120 can extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the retrieval device 100. At least a portion (e.g., the end portion) of each protruding feature 120 can extend at least partially radially inwardly from the frame 110. By further example, at least a portion of each protruding feature 120 may extend distally and / or proximally from the frame 110 .

[0042] Additionally or alternatively, at least some of the protruding features 120 can be configured to expand radially outward from the frame 110 when the retrieval device 100 is withdrawn from the delivery shaft and / or when the frame 110 expands radially outward. Such protruding features can promote interaction with a thrombus on the exterior of the frame 110. For example, when the retrieval device 100 is moved within a blood vessel, the outwardly protruding features can scrape the thrombus or a portion thereof from the vessel wall.

[0043] The frame 110, struts 112, and / or protruding features 120 may be constructed or formed from a variety of materials, including, for example, nitinol, cobalt-chromium alloys, stainless steel, any of a variety of other metals or metal alloys, or a combination thereof. The frame 110, struts 112, and / or protruding features 120 may also be constructed or formed from bioabsorbable, biodegradable, nanoporous or non-bioabsorbable, non-biodegradable, non-nanoporous materials, such as, for example, one or more polymers, nitinol, plastic materials, etc., or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the frame 110 and struts 112 may be formed from a bioabsorbable material, and the protruding features 120 may be formed from a non-bioabsorbable material, such as nitinol.

[0044] The protruding feature 120 may also be carried by one or more struts 112, the frame 110, or a combination thereof. The protruding feature 120 may be integrally molded and / or formed integrally with the frame (e.g., struts 112), such as by bending or twisting a portion of one or more struts and / or frame 110 toward the longitudinal axis of the retrieval device 100, or, alternatively, the protruding feature 120 may be a separate, discrete component that is attached to a desired location along the struts 112 and / or frame 110.

[0045] When the retrieval device 100 is in the collapsed configuration and / or when the retrieval device 100 is in the expanded configuration, the protruding features 120 can be accommodated within the outer perimeter of the frame 110. For example, the protruding features 120 can be positioned within the openings 108 between the plurality of struts 112. Each protruding feature 120 can be moved to extend at least partially toward the central axis 190 of the retrieval device 100. For example, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, each protruding feature 120 can extend toward the central axis 190, but not reach the central axis 190, and therefore do not touch or cross each other. The protruding features 120 can include one or more of a variety of shapes and features. For example, the protruding features 120 or a portion thereof can be straight, curved, spiral and / or helical. The protruding features 120 can have the same or different sizes, shapes and / or features relative to each other.

[0046] The protruding features 120 can have the same or different axial positions, circumferential positions, and / or orientations (e.g., proximal or distal orientations). For example, at least some of the protruding features 120 can be axially aligned and arranged in different circumferential positions and / or orientations. By further example, at least some of the protruding features 120 can be circumferentially aligned and arranged in different axial positions and / or orientations. By further example, at least some of the protruding features 120 can have the same orientation and be arranged in different axial positions and / or circumferential positions. At least some of the protruding features 120 can have different axial positions and circumferential positions. At least some of the protruding features 120 can have different axial positions and orientations. At least some of the protruding features 120 can have different circumferential positions and orientations.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, the pillars 112 can be connected to each other and arranged so that a plurality of pillars 112 (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or more than 8 pillars) are connected together at the apex 114. The protruding features 120 can each extend from a corresponding vertex 114. For example, the protruding features 120 can extend from the vertex 114 at the end of the opening 108. Thus, the protruding features 120 can have only one end connected to the frame 110.

[0048] The frame 110 may form gaps 116 at the apex 114 to facilitate collapse and expansion of the frame 110. For example, the struts 112 may be allowed to move toward and away from each other to facilitate transformation of the frame 110. Figure 4 As shown, this movement can be enhanced by providing a gap 116. For example, the gap 116 can be positioned on the opposite side of the vertex 114 from the corresponding protruding feature 120 extending from the vertex 114. In some examples, the gap 116 can extend longitudinally with the parallel edges, although other shapes are also contemplated. Thus, the frame 110 can provide sufficient flexibility for transitioning between the collapsed configuration and the expanded configuration.

[0049] As the protruding feature 120 extends radially inward from the frame 110, the protruding feature can move (e.g., from a collapsed configuration to an expanded configuration) to form an angle 160. In the collapsed configuration, the protruding feature 120 can extend generally longitudinally or more longitudinally. In the expanded configuration, the protruding feature 120 can extend at least partially radially inward. The angle 160 formed thereby (e.g., relative to the frame 110 and / or a reference parallel to the central axis of the frame 110) can be any angle (e.g., from 0 to 90°). When deployed, the angle 160 can be selected during formation so that the angle 160 is formed when the retrieval device 100 is expanded. The angle 160 can be formed on the distal facing side or the proximal facing side of the corresponding protruding feature 120. The angle 160 can be equal to, less than, and / or greater than 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 90 degrees. The angle 160 can be the same or different for any two protruding features 120.

[0050] Reference now Figure 5-9 , the protruding feature 120 can have one or more of a variety of features and / or shapes to facilitate engagement with a thrombus or other mass.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, one or more protruding features 120 may include a stem 122 and a head 124 having a rounded shape. The rounded head 124 may be sized to aid in engaging with a thrombus or other mass while remaining atraumatic relative to other structures.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, one or more protruding features 120 may include a shaft 122 and an enlarged head 124 at the end of the protruding feature 120. For example, the width or other dimension of the head 124 may be greater than the width or other dimension of the shaft 122. The enlarged head 124 may be sized to cover a wide area to increase engagement with a thrombus or other mass.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, one or more protruding features 120 may include a stem 122 and a plurality of heads 124 spaced apart from one another at the distal end of the protruding feature 120. The plurality of heads 124 may be sized and distributed to cover a wide area while maintaining flexibility.

[0054] like Figure 8 As shown, one or more protruding features 120 may include a stem 122 and a head 124 having a loop that provides an opening 126 extending through the head 124 of the protruding feature 120. The loop may cover a wide area while allowing passage therethrough.

[0055] like Fig. 9As shown, one or more protruding features 120 may include surface features 128 on the stem 122 and / or head along its outer surface. The surface features 128 may include notches, cuts, pits, dimples, ridges, channels, etc. that form a pattern texture. The surface features 128 may be distributed along the length of the protruding feature 120. Any given protruding feature 120 may include one or more of a variety of different surface features.

[0056] Reference again Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the retrieval device 100 may include an enlarged section 140 proximal to the frame 110. The enlarged section 140 may be integrally and / or monolithically formed with the frame 110. In the expanded configuration, the enlarged section 140 may provide an outer dimension that is greater than an outer dimension of the frame 110. Thus, when the retrieval device 100 is moved along the vessel wall, the enlarged section 140 may engage and / or scrape the vessel wall of the body cavity to separate a thrombus or other mass from the vessel wall. The enlarged section 140 may have a protrusion or other head 124 pointing distally along the retrieval device 100.

[0057] The retrieval device 100 may include an anchor portion 196 that is securely connected to a component used to control, position, and / or adjust the retrieval device 100. For example, the anchor portion 196 may securely connect the retrieval device 100 to a positioner or other member. The anchor portion 196 may be offset from the central axis 190 of the retrieval device 100. For example, the anchor portion 196 may be radially aligned with, adjacent to, or close to a portion of the frame 110 of the retrieval device 100. The frame 110 of the retrieval device 100 may be connected to the anchor portion 196 via the intermediate portion 150. The intermediate portion 150 may include a plurality of struts that may have different widths to facilitate column strength for expansion and contraction, and the plurality of struts extend from different portions of the frame 110, such as being connected to different circumferential portions at the ends of the frame 110. The struts of the intermediate portion 150 may extend to the same or different axial positions along the anchor portion 196. The arrangement of the struts of the intermediate portion 150 may maintain an open central space along the entire length of the retrieval device 100. As the retrieval device 100 moves along the vessel wall, the intermediate portion 150 may engage and / or scrape the vessel wall of the body lumen to separate a thrombus or other mass from the vessel wall.

[0058] like Figure 10-13 As shown, the anchor portion 196 can be formed by one or more of a variety of arrangements. Fig.10 As shown, the anchor portion 196 can include a plurality of ribs 902 extending circumferentially from different axial locations along the anchor portion 196. The ribs 902 can be positioned at different axial locations to provide multiple points of contact with the retainer.

[0059] like Fig.11 As shown, the anchor portion 196 may include different portions extending in different directions. For example, the anchor portion 196 may include a longitudinal portion 904 and a circumferential portion 906. Axially adjacent pairs of longitudinal portions 904 may be connected together by corresponding circumferential portions 906. Similarly, axially adjacent pairs of circumferential portions 906 may be connected together by corresponding longitudinal portions 904. Different longitudinal portions 904 may have different circumferential positions to surround couplings at different circumferential positions thereon.

[0060] like Fig.12 As shown, the anchoring portion 196 can include a spiral winding 908. For example, the anchoring portion 196 can be spirally wound around a central space configured to receive a locator therein. The spiral winding 908 can include multiple turns (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or more than 8). In cross section, the spiral winding 908 can include a shape that provides a flat inner side for engaging a locator while maintaining a low profile.

[0061] like Fig.13 As shown, the anchoring portion 196 can include an arrangement of a plurality of struts 910. The struts 910 can define a generally cylindrical shape for receiving and coupling to a locator. The struts 910 can extend longitudinally and / or circumferentially around a space for receiving a locator. The struts 910 can form any number of units that can vary in length and / or width relative to each other.

[0062] The anchor portion 196 can securely connect the retrieval device 100 to the positioner. For example, the anchor portion 196 can be pressed onto the positioner. By further example, the anchor portion 196 can be bonded to the positioner. Additionally or alternatively, a sleeve can be provided around at least a portion of the anchor portion 196 and / or the positioner. For example, a tube (such as a tube comprising polyurethane and (For example, 35D) can serve as a cover over the anchoring portion 196 and / or the positioner. Additionally or alternatively, the anchoring portion 196 can removably or reversibly connect the retrieval device 100 to the positioner. For example, the anchoring portion 196 can be provided with one or more detachment mechanisms (e.g., electrolytic, mechanical, or chemical) for controllably separating the retrieval device 100 from the positioner. Thus, the retrieval device 100 can be controllably detached and left at the target delivery location.

[0063] Figure 14-16 An improved expandable retrieval device 100 is shown having Figure 1-13 The retrieval device 100 shown in FIG. 1 shares several features. Therefore, the common features are used in conjunction with Figure 1-13The same reference numerals used in the above description are used to represent the Figure 14-16 The removal device 100.

[0064] like Figure 14-16 As shown, the retrieval device 100 can optionally include a capture member 102 located at the distal end of the retrieval device 100. The capture member 102 can provide an engagement feature and / or a capture feature to interact with a thrombus or other mass when operating the retrieval device 100. For example, the capture member 102 can be used to engage the distal end of the thrombus or other mass while the frame 110 or other portion of the retrieval device 100 engages other portions of the thrombus or other mass. By further example, the capture member 102 can be used to capture debris from the thrombus, other mass, and / or other debris from any location.

[0065] The capture member 102 may include struts or other features extending distally from the distal end of the frame 110. The capture member 102 may taper from an outer diameter of the frame 110 to a smaller diameter at the distal end of the retrieval device 100. The struts or other features of the capture member 102 may be integrally and / or monolithically formed with the frame 110 and / or other portions of the retrieval device 100. Alternatively, the capture member 102 may form a separate, discrete component that is attached to the frame 110 at a desired location.

[0066] In some embodiments, for example, the capture member 102 can include a material (e.g., PTFE, polyester, polyamide, such as nylon and / or polyurethane-based materials, silicone, etc.) positioned on the struts of the capture member 102. In some embodiments, the material covers the entire outer surface area of ​​the capture member 102. The material can be a mesh or a braid. In some embodiments, the material can be further configured to allow blood flow through the inner diameter of the retrieval device 100 and / or limit blood flow to the outer dimensions of the retrieval device 100. In addition, the material can be configured to prevent debris from the walls of the body cavity (e.g., from a thrombus or other mass) from entering the bloodstream.

[0067] Fig.17 An improved expandable retrieval device 100 is shown having Figure 1-16 The retrieval device 100 shown in FIG. 1 has several features in common with the retrieval device 100. Therefore, the common features are used in conjunction with Figure 1-16 The same reference numerals used in the above description are used to represent the Fig.17 The removal device 100.

[0068] like Fig.17As shown, the retrieval device 100 can expand into a thrombus, clot, or other mass to interact with it. In the event that a portion of the thrombus is aligned with the middle frame segment 110b, this portion can be captured between opposing end frame segments, such as the proximal frame segment 110a and the distal frame segment 110c. The end frame segments 110a and 110c can have an outer cross-sectional dimension (e.g., diameter) that is greater than the outer cross-sectional dimension (e.g., diameter) of the middle frame segment 110b. When the retrieval device 100 moves, the thrombus can be pushed by the end frame segments 110a and 110c, and the middle frame segment 110b and the transition portions (e.g., tapered or stepped portions) formed therebetween and / or thereby. Thus, in addition to the protruding features, the frame can engage the thrombus to facilitate its movement.

[0069] Fig.18 An improved expandable retrieval device 100 is shown having Figure 1-17 The retrieval device 100 shown in FIG. 1 has several features in common with the retrieval device 100. Therefore, the common features are used in conjunction with Figure 1-17 The same reference numerals used in the above description are used to represent the Fig.18 The removal device 100.

[0070] like Fig.18 As shown, the retrieval device 100 may include a frame having one or more end frame segments and intermediate frame segments between and / or adjacent to the one or more end frame segments. The end frame segments, such as the proximal frame segment 110a and the distal frame segment 110c and / or the intermediate frame segment 110b, may have one or more features described herein for the frame 110. The end frame segments 110a and 110c may have an outer cross-sectional dimension (e.g., diameter) that is greater than an outer cross-sectional dimension (e.g., diameter) of the intermediate frame segment 110b. The end frame segments 110a and 110c may have protruding features extending radially inward from the corresponding end frame segments 110a and 110c, such as the proximal protruding feature 120a and the distal protruding feature 120c. The intermediate frame segment 110b may have a protruding feature 120b extending radially outward from the intermediate frame segment 110b. The protruding features 120a and / or 120b can have one or more features described herein for the protruding features 120. Optionally, in the expanded configuration, the intermediate protruding features extending from the intermediate frame segment 110b can extend radially no further than the outer cross-sectional dimensions (e.g., diameter) of the end frame segments 110a and / or 110c. Thus, the end frame segments 110a and 110c can define the outermost radial extent of the frame 110. The protruding features 120a can promote engagement with thrombi from within the end frame segments 110a and 110c, and the protruding features 120b can promote engagement with thrombi from outside the intermediate frame segment 110b.

[0071] Fig.19 An improved expandable retrieval device 100 is shown having Figure 1-18 The retrieval device 100 shown in FIG. 1 has several features in common with the retrieval device 100. Therefore, the common features are used in conjunction with Figure 1-18 The same reference numerals used in the above description are used to represent the Fig.19 The removal device 100.

[0072] like Fig.19 As shown, the end frame segments 110a, the middle frame segments 110b, and / or the transitions therebetween and / or formed thereby (e.g., tapered portions) may provide one or more features for interacting with a thrombus. For example, the end frame segments 110a, the middle frame segments 110b, and / or the transitions therebetween (e.g., tapered portions) may define a blade feature 132 that faces axially toward the middle frame segment 110b and / or the proximal end of the retrieval device 100. The blade feature 132 may be configured to cut, engage, or otherwise interact with a thrombus when in contact with the thrombus.

[0073] While the retrieval devices described herein have the features shown, it should be understood that a variety of different retrieval devices and other devices may be used with the delivery systems described herein. Various features are described below by way of example and not limitation.

[0074] With respect to such retrieval devices and other devices, the materials used to form the frame 110, struts 112, and / or protruding features 120 described herein can be selected based on mechanical and / or thermal properties, such as strength, ductility, hardness, elasticity, flexibility, flexural modulus, flexural strength, plasticity, stiffness, emissivity, thermal conductivity, specific heat, thermal diffusivity, thermal expansion, any of a variety of other properties, or a combination thereof. If formed from a material having thermal properties, the material can be activated to deliver thermal treatment to a desired treatment site. Regardless of the material, the frame 110, struts 112, and / or protruding features 120 can be formed from tubing or wire, such as solid wire, by laser cutting or other suitable techniques. When formed from wire, a portion of the wire can be removed by chemical etching or another suitable method to produce the internal dimensions of the retrieval device.

[0075] The retrieval device 100 can be sized and shaped to be positioned in various body cavities, including blood vessels, without rupturing the blood vessels. For example, multiple retrieval devices and other structures can have radial strength without causing dissection or damage thereto. The retrieval devices described herein can be sized and shaped to be suitable for placement in blood vessels including arteries (such as coronary arteries, peripheral arteries, carotid arteries, Willis circles, anterior cerebral arteries, middle cerebral arteries, posterior cerebral arteries, any lenticulostriate arteries, renal arteries, femoral arteries), veins (such as cerebral veins, saphenous veins, arteriovenous fistulas), or any other blood vessels that may contain a treatment site. The retrieval device 100 can have a variety of shapes, including cubes, rectangular prisms, cylinders, cones, pyramids, or variations thereof.

[0076] Retrieval device 100 with protruding features 120 may include various sizes (in a low-profile delivery state and an expanded deployed state). These embodiments may provide expansion that can be used in various situations covering a wide range of sizes, such as to treat and / or prevent dissection. Regardless of the shape, the length of the retrieval device can be about 0.25mm, about 0.5mm, about 1mm, about 2mm, about 3mm, about 4mm, about 5mm, about 6mm, about 7mm, about 8mm, about 9mm, about 10mm, about 12mm, about 14mm, about 16mm, about 18mm, about 20mm, about 30mm, about 40mm, about 50mm, about 60mm, about 70mm, about 80mm, about 90mm, about 100mm, and the width of the retrieval device shaped as a cube, rectangular prism or pyramid can be about 0.25mm, about 0.5mm, about 1mm, about 2mm, about 3mm, about 4mm, about 5mm, about 6mm, about 7mm, about 8mm, about 9mm, about 10mm, about 12mm, about 14mm, about 16mm, about 18mm, about 20mm, about 25mm or about 30mm. In addition, the diameter of the retrieval device 100 shaped as a cylinder or cone can be about 0.25 mm, about 0.5 mm, about 1 mm, about 2 mm, about 3 mm, about 4 mm, about 5 mm, about 6 mm, about 7 mm, about 8 mm, about 9 mm, about 10 mm, about 12 mm, about 14 mm, about 16 mm, about 18 mm, about 20 mm, about 25 mm, about 30 mm, about 35 mm, about 40 mm, or about 50 mm. The width or diameter of the retrieval device 100 can decrease incrementally along the length of the retrieval device 100. In addition, the size and shape of the retrieval device 100 can be designed to prepare a body cavity for certain surgeries, such as a retrieval device positioning procedure.

[0077] The retrieval device 100 and / or other expandable structure in the expanded state can have a cross-sectional dimension of about 2 mm to about 10 mm. For example, the frame 110 can have a cross-sectional dimension of about 1 mm to about 9 mm, and the protruding features 120 can each have a length of about 0.1 mm to about 4.5 mm. In some embodiments, the retrieval device 100 has an overall cross-sectional dimension of about 4 mm, the frame 110 has a cross-sectional dimension of about 2 mm, and each protruding feature 120 has a length of about 1 mm. In some embodiments, the retrieval device 100 has an overall cross-sectional dimension of about 6 mm, the frame 110 has a cross-sectional dimension of about 4 mm, and the protruding features 120 each have a length of about 1.5 mm. In further embodiments, the protruding features 120 can have multiple lengths such that the lengths of the protruding features 120 of the retrieval device or other expandable structure are different. For example, the retrieval device can include protruding features 120 having lengths of about 0.2 mm, about 0.5 mm, and about 1 mm.

[0078] The profile of the retrieval device 100 can be sized so that the retrieval device 100 is compatible with a wide range of catheter sizes. Embodiments according to the present technology may include a retrieval device or other structure designed to receive a guide wire, such as a guide wire having a diameter of 0.010, 0.014, 0.018, 0.035, or 0.038 inches. In multiple embodiments, the retrieval device 100 can be sized and designed to be delivered via a microcatheter through which it is pushed. In some embodiments, the retrieval device 100 can be incorporated into a delivery system, including a modular or single unit delivery system.

[0079] The retrieval device 100 may include indicia, such as one or more radiopaque markers, for visualization of the retrieval device 100 within the body cavity. The radiopaque markers may be provided by Clearfil Photo Core. Tantalum, titanium, tungsten, barium sulfate, and zirconium oxide or another suitable radiopaque marker. The marker can be formed on the proximal portion, the distal portion, the middle portion, or a combination thereof of the retrieval device 100. The marker can be a strip, a coil, a clip, filled into one or more portions of the tubing in the retrieval device 100, plated onto one or more portions of the retrieval device 100, or a combination thereof. Regardless of the type of marker, the marker can be stamped, forged, wrapped, or encapsulated along or on any portion of the retrieval device 100.

[0080] The retrieval device 100 can be flexible enough to track various anatomical features, including anatomical features with curvature. The flexible properties of the retrieval device 100 can be provided by the material from which it is formed. In addition, the flexible properties can also be provided by breaking off one or more members that engage and extend between two or more rows of struts 112. In addition, the retrieval device 100 can be easily deployed and expanded, as well as retracted and contracted. The retrieval device 100 can also be easily repositioned within a vessel or other body cavity.

[0081] In some embodiments, a drug eluting compound is coated onto at least a portion of the protruding features 120, the frame 110, and / or the struts 112. The coating may be any suitable coating known to those of ordinary skill in the art suitable for delivering drugs. For example, suitable coatings include, but are not limited to, snow coatings or crystalline coatings having edges configured to remain in the wall. The drug eluting compound may be a synthetic or biopolymer coated into various patterns and thicknesses suitable for delivering the drug contained therein. In some embodiments, the protruding features 120 themselves may be composed of a drug eluting material. The drug carried by the drug eluting compound and / or the protruding features 120 according to the present technology may be any drug suitable for treating the treatment site where the retrieval device 100 will be placed, and may or may not include an excipient. For example, the drug may be an anti-proliferative agent, an anti-tumor agent, a migration inhibitor, a healing enhancing factor, an immunosuppressant, an anti-thrombotic agent, a blood thinner, or a radioactive compound. In some embodiments, the drug eluting compound and / or the protruding features 120 may carry more than one drug.

[0082] In some embodiments, the protruding features 120 may include a textured (e.g., ribbed) surface that is expected to provide a greater surface area for drug delivery. In addition, any protruding feature 120 may include a textured surface, such as a ribbed surface (vertical, horizontal, radial, or circular relative to the longitudinal plane of the protruding feature), a cross-hatched surface, an isotropic surface, or other surface types suitable for providing a greater surface area for thrombus engagement.

[0083] The size and shape of the protruding features 120 can be designed to engage and / or penetrate a thrombus, embolus, clot, occlusion, or a combination thereof. In addition, the retrieval device 100 can allow blood flow even in the expanded position.

[0084] In addition, it should be understood that the retrieval device 100 can carry one or more protruding features 120 on one or more portions of the retrieval device 100. For example, the retrieval device 100 can carry about 5 protruding features, about 10 protruding features, about 15 protruding features, about 20 protruding features, about 30 protruding features, about 40 protruding features, about 50 protruding features, about 60 protruding features, about 70 protruding features, about 80 protruding features, about 90 protruding features, or about 100 protruding features. The protruding features 120 can be carried by the frame 110, the struts 112, or a combination thereof. For example, the number of protruding features 120 can vary depending on the target treatment site, the object being treated (e.g., a thrombus), and / or the size of the retrieval device 100, etc. In addition, the protruding features 120 carried by the retrieval device 100 can be different types of protruding features 120 disclosed herein.

[0085] The embodiments described herein provide a delivery system for one or more structures having a device for delivering a drug to a specific area (such as the vascular system) within a body cavity while still allowing fluid (e.g., blood) to flow through the treatment area where the structure has been placed and / or other devices or treatment devices in an adjacent body cavity. In some embodiments, when one or more areas of the system are delivered, deployed, positioned, and / or removed from the body cavity, the fluid is temporarily prevented from flowing through the treatment area. In addition, the delivery system can be configured to prepare for body cavity treatment by tilting the removal device proximally or distally of the treatment site, pulling the removal device, rotating the removal device, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the delivery system can be configured to rotate the removal device when a mechanical force is applied.

[0086] Reference now Figure 20-27 The methods described herein deliver the retrieval device 100 to the target delivery location through the operation of the delivery device 90. Although the methods at their various stages are discussed and illustrated herein, it should be understood that multiple variations of each method are also contemplated. For example, the methods may be performed in various orders of operations, with additional operations, or with fewer operations.

[0087] Figure 20-23 The stages of an example method for thrombectomy are described. Fig. 20 As shown, a delivery device 90 of the delivery system 10 can be brought to a location within a blood vessel 40 containing a thrombus 50 or other mass. The delivery device 90 can be positioned upstream or downstream of the thrombus 50. The delivery device 90 can be positioned while a retrieval device is contained therein. Alternatively, the delivery device 90 can be positioned at a later stage, and the retrieval device can be advanced within the delivery device 90. The delivery device 90 can be positioned with the aid of a guidewire and / or one or more other devices.

[0088] like Fig.21As shown, the delivery device 90 can be advanced within the blood vessel 40 and through the thrombus 50. Thus, the distal end of the delivery device 90 can be positioned distal to the distal end of the thrombus 50. Such an operation can place the retrieval device at a position within the delivery device 90 such that the retrieval device spans at least a portion of the thrombus 50.

[0089] like Fig. 22 As shown, when the retrieval device 100 is maintained in a given position, the delivery device 90 can be retracted proximally. When the delivery device 90 is pulled out of the retrieval device 100, the retrieval device 100 can expand radially. The retrieval device 100 can self-expand when released from a constraint. Additionally or alternatively, the retrieval device 100 can be expandable by external stimulation (e.g., mechanical force, thermal stimulation, chemical reaction, etc.). For example, an expandable balloon device (not shown) can be provided to expand within the retrieval device 100. Such expansion can include expansion of the frame and / or the expansion section. In the expanded structure, the frame and / or the expansion section can engage the inner wall of the blood vessel 40. In addition, the expansion of the retrieval device 100 can include the deployment of the protruding feature 120 within the frame of the retrieval device 100 and entering the thrombus 50. The retrieval device 100 can extend into and engage at least a portion of the length of the thrombus. As Fig. 22 As shown, at least a portion of retrieval device 100 can extend distally and / or proximally of thrombus 50. Where retrieval device 100 includes capture member 102, at least a portion of capture member 102 can extend distally of at least a portion of thrombus 50.

[0090] like Fig.23 As shown, the retrieval device 100 can be retracted proximally toward and / or into the delivery device 90. Additionally or alternatively, the retrieval device 100 can be retracted proximally into another device together with the delivery device 90. As the retrieval device 100 moves, the enlarged portion and / or the intermediate portion of the retrieval device 100 can separate the thrombus 50 from the wall of the blood vessel 40. In addition, when the retrieval device 100 is retracted, the thrombus 50 can be carried by the retrieval device 100. For example, the protruding features 120 of the retrieval device 100 can engage the thrombus 50 at different portions thereof to push the thrombus 50 proximally together with the retrieval device 100. The retrieval device 100 and the thrombus 50 can be moved until captured within the delivery device 90 and / or another device. Such capture can be facilitated and / or enhanced by drawing fluid into the distal end of the delivery device 90 and / or another device.

[0091] Figure 24-27 The stages of another example of a method for thrombectomy are described. Fig.24As shown, a delivery device 90 of the delivery system 10 can be brought to a location within a blood vessel 40 containing a thrombus 50 or other mass. The delivery device 90 can be located upstream or downstream of the thrombus 50. The delivery device 90 can be positioned when a retrieval device is contained therein. Alternatively, the delivery device 90 can be positioned at a later stage, and the retrieval device can be advanced within the delivery device 90. The delivery device 90 can be positioned with the aid of a guidewire and / or one or more other devices.

[0092] like Fig.25 As shown, the delivery device 90 can be advanced within the blood vessel 40 and through the thrombus 50. Thus, the distal end of the delivery device 90 can be positioned distal to the distal end of the thrombus 50. This operation can place the retrieval device in a position within the delivery device 90 such that the retrieval device is at least partially or completely positioned distal to the thrombus 50.

[0093] like Fig.26 As shown, when the retrieval device 100 is maintained in a given position, the delivery device 90 can be retracted proximally. When the delivery device 90 pulls out the retrieval device 100, the retrieval device 100 can expand radially. The retrieval device 100 can self-expand when the constraint is released. Additionally or alternatively, the retrieval device 100 is expandable by external stimulation (e.g., mechanical force, thermal stimulation, chemical reaction, etc.). For example, an expandable balloon device (not shown) can be provided to expand within the retrieval device 100. Such expansion may include expansion of the frame and / or the expansion section. In the expanded structure, the frame and / or the expansion section can engage the inner wall of the blood vessel 40. In addition, the expansion of the retrieval device 100 may include deploying a protruding feature 120 within the frame of the retrieval device 100. As shown in FIG. Fig.26 As shown, at least a portion of retrieval device 100 can be at least partially or completely positioned distal to thrombus 50. Where retrieval device 100 includes capture member 102, at least a portion of capture member 102 can extend distally to at least a portion of thrombus 50.

[0094] like Fig. 27As shown, the retrieval device 100 can be retracted proximally toward and / or into the delivery device 90. Since the retrieval device 100 is initially positioned and expanded at a position at least partially or completely distal to the thrombus 50, the retrieval device 100 can be moved proximally into the thrombus 50 and thereby engage the thrombus 50. The retrieval device 100 can then engage at least a portion of the length of the thrombus 50. Additionally or alternatively, the retrieval device 100 can be retracted proximally into another device along with the delivery device 90. As the retrieval device 100 moves, the enlarged portion and / or the intermediate portion of the retrieval device 100 can separate the thrombus 50 from the wall of the blood vessel 40. In addition, when the retrieval device 100 is retracted, the thrombus 50 can be carried by the retrieval device 100. For example, the protruding feature 120 of the retrieval device 100 can engage the thrombus 50 at different portions thereof to push the thrombus 50 proximally together with the retrieval device 100. The retrieval device 100 and thrombus 50 can be moved until it is captured within the delivery device 90 and / or another device. Such capture can be facilitated and / or enhanced by drawing fluid into the distal end of the delivery device 90 and / or another device.

[0095] The size and shape of the delivery systems, delivery devices and / or retrieval devices described herein can be used for placement in blood vessels including arteries, such as coronary arteries, peripheral arteries, carotid arteries, the circle of Willis, the anterior cerebral artery, the middle cerebral artery, the posterior cerebral artery, any lenticulostriate artery, the renal artery, the femoral artery, veins, such as cerebral veins, saphenous veins, arteriovenous fistulas, or any other blood vessel that may contain a treatment site. Other blood vessels are also contemplated, and delivery systems, delivery devices and / or retrieval devices can be formed and / or selected based on known destinations and / or paths of travel in the patient's body.

[0096] For convenience, various examples of various aspects of the present disclosure are described as clauses below. These are provided only as examples and do not limit the subject technology.

[0097] Item A: A retrieval device comprising: a frame comprising interconnected struts and configured to expand from a collapsed configuration to an expanded configuration; a protruding feature extending radially inward from the frame when the frame is in the expanded configuration; and an anchor portion connected to a proximal end of the frame.

[0098] Item B: A retrieval device comprising: a frame defining a lumen extending longitudinally through the frame and an opening extending from the exterior of the frame into the lumen, the frame being configured to expand from a collapsed configuration to an expanded configuration; and a protruding feature extending from the frame, wherein: in the collapsed configuration, the protruding feature extends longitudinally within the opening; and in the expanded configuration, the protruding feature extends radially inward into the lumen.

[0099] Item C: A method comprising: positioning at least a portion of a delivery system to at least partially penetrate a thrombus, the delivery system comprising a delivery device, the delivery device including a retrieval device, the retrieval device being in a collapsed configuration when within a lumen of the delivery device; expanding the retrieval device to the exterior of the delivery device; engaging the thrombus with the retrieval device when in an expanded configuration, wherein engaging the thrombus comprises contacting the thrombus with a protruding feature of the retrieval device, the protruding feature extending radially inward from a frame of the retrieval device; and retracting the retrieval device toward the delivery device.

[0100] One or more of the above clauses may include one or more of the following features. It should be noted that any of the following clauses may be combined with each other in any combination and put into corresponding independent clauses, such as clause A, clause B or clause C.

[0101] Clause 1: The protruding feature extends longitudinally radially inwardly and away from the anchoring portion.

[0102] Clause 2: The interconnected struts are arranged such that a plurality of the interconnected struts are connected to each other to form an apex, wherein one of the protruding features extends from the apex.

[0103] Clause 3: The interconnected struts form a gap on a side of the apex opposite one of the protruding features.

[0104] Clause 4: Each of said protruding features extends from the frame by a rod, each of said protruding features terminating at an end thereof forming a head.

[0105] Clause 5: The head has a width greater than the width of the stem.

[0106] Clause 6: The head comprises a plurality of portions extending from the stem.

[0107] Item 7: The head forms an opening.

[0108] Item 8: The rod is patterned along its length.

[0109] Clause 9: The protruding features are integrally formed with the frame.

[0110] Clause 10: A capture member at a distal end of the frame, the capture member tapering from a cross-sectional dimension of the frame toward a central axis of the frame as the capture member extends distally away from the frame.

[0111] Clause 11: An anchor portion connected to a proximal end of the frame, the anchor portion being radially offset from a central axis of the frame; and connecting the anchor portion to a mid-portion of the frame, the mid-portion forming a portion of the lumen.

[0112] Clause 12: The frame defines: a proximal frame segment; an intermediate frame segment; and a distal frame segment, wherein the proximal frame segment and the distal frame segment have a cross-sectional dimension greater than a cross-sectional dimension of the intermediate frame segment.

[0113] Item 13: The protruding features include: a proximal protruding feature extending radially inward from the proximal frame segment; and a distal protruding feature extending radially inward from the distal frame segment; and the retrieval device also includes an intermediate protruding feature extending radially outward from the intermediate frame segment.

[0114] Clause 14: Expanding the retrieval device comprises expanding the frame into the thrombus.

[0115] Clause 15: Expanding the retrieval device comprises transitioning the protruding feature from a position within the opening of the frame to a position within a lumen extending through the frame.

[0116] Clause 16: Expanding the retrieval device comprises transitioning the protruding feature from extending longitudinally to extending radially inwardly.

[0117] Thus, the present disclosure provides a retrieval device having an inwardly facing protruding feature that facilitates engagement and capture of a thrombus or other mass from a patient's body cavity. The protruding feature can be deployed from a frame of the retrieval device to extend radially inward toward opposite sides of the frame. When deployed into a thrombus, the protruding feature engages and pushes the thrombus as the retrieval device moves to facilitate capture.

[0118] Unless otherwise expressly provided, an element in the singular form does not refer to one or only one, but to one or more. For example, "a" module may refer to one or more modules. Without further limitation, an element beginning with "a", "an", "the" or "said" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements.

[0119] The use of headings and subheadings, if any, is for convenience only and does not limit the invention. The word "exemplary" is used to mean serving as an example or illustration. To the extent that the terms "including," "having," and the like are used as transitional terms in the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising" being interpreted. Relational terms such as first and second, etc. may be used to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.

[0120] Such as an aspect, this aspect, another aspect, some aspects, one or more aspects, an embodiment, this embodiment, another embodiment, some embodiments, one or more embodiments, an example, this example, another example, some examples, one or more examples, a construction, this construction, another construction, some constructions, one or more constructions, subject technology, this disclosure, the present disclosure, and other variations and similar variations are for convenience, and do not mean that the disclosure associated with the phrase is necessary for subject technology, or that the disclosure is applicable to all constructions of subject technology. The disclosure associated with such phrases can be applicable to all constructions, or one or more constructions. The disclosure associated with such phrases can provide one or more examples. For example, a phrase of an aspect or some aspects can refer to one or more aspects, and vice versa, and this is similarly applicable to other aforementioned phrases.

[0121] The phrase "at least one" preceding a series of items, with the terms "and" or "or" separating any of the items, modifies the list as a whole, rather than each member of the list. The phrase "at least one" does not require selection of at least one of the items; rather, the phrase allows for a meaning that includes at least one of any one item, and / or at least one of any combination of items, and / or at least one of each item. For example, each of the phrases "at least one of A, B, and C" or "at least one of A, B, or C" refers to A only, B only, or C only; any combination of A, B, C; and / or at least one of A, B, and C.

[0122] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps, operations or processes disclosed is an illustration of an exemplary method. Unless otherwise expressly provided, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps, operations or processes can be performed in a different order. Some steps, operations or processes can be performed simultaneously. The attached method claims (if any) present the elements of various steps, operations or processes in an exemplary order and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented. These can be performed in serial, linear, parallel or different orders.

[0123] In one aspect, the term coupled, etc. may refer to a direct coupling. In another aspect, the term coupled, etc. may refer to an indirect coupling.

[0124] Terms such as top, bottom, front, back, side, horizontal, and vertical refer to an arbitrary frame of reference other than the ordinary gravitational frame of reference. Thus, such terms can extend upward, downward, diagonally, or horizontally in a gravitational frame of reference.

[0125] The present disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. In some cases, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid blurring the concept of the subject technology. The present disclosure provides various examples of the subject technology, and the subject technology is not limited to these examples. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the principles described herein may be applied to other aspects.

[0126] All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to one of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. In addition, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in a claim. No claim element is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. §112, paragraph 6, unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for” or, in the case of a method claim, the element is recited using the phrase “for the step of.”

[0127] The title, background technology, brief description of the drawings, abstract, and drawings are incorporated into this disclosure and are provided as illustrative examples of the disclosure, not as limiting descriptions. This application is submitted with the understanding that they will not be used to limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the detailed description, it can be seen that the description provides illustrative examples and that various features are combined together in various embodiments in order to simplify the disclosure. The disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting the intention that the claimed subject matter requires more features than what is explicitly stated in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the claims, the inventive subject matter lies in less than all the features of a single disclosed construction or operation. The claims are thus incorporated into the detailed description, and each claim exists independently as a separately claimed subject matter.

[0128] The claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects described herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language of the claims and including all legal equivalents. Nevertheless, no claims are intended to encompass subject matter that does not satisfy the requirements of applicable patent law, nor should they be interpreted in such a manner.

Claims

1. A removal device, comprising: a frame comprising interconnected struts and configured to expand from a collapsed configuration to an expanded configuration; a protruding feature extending radially inwardly from the frame when the frame is in the expanded configuration; as well as an anchor portion connected to a proximal end of the frame, wherein the pillars are connected to each other to form vertices; and Each of the protruding features extends from a corresponding one of the apexes, wherein the struts form a gap that allows the struts to move toward and away from each other to facilitate transitioning between the collapsed and expanded configurations, each of the gaps being on a side of a corresponding one of the apexes opposite to a corresponding one of the protruding features, each of the gaps being defined by parallel edges of the struts on opposite sides of the corresponding one of the gaps.

2. The removal device according to claim 1, wherein: The protruding feature extends longitudinally radially inwardly and away from the anchoring portion.

3. The removal device according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the protruding features extends from the frame by a rod, each of the protruding features terminating at an end thereof forming a head.

4. The removal device according to claim 3, wherein: The head has a width greater than a width of the stem.

5. The take-out device according to claim 3, wherein: The head includes a plurality of sections extending from the stem.

6. The take-out device according to claim 3, wherein: The head forms an opening.

7. The take-out device according to claim 3, wherein: The rod is patterned and textured along its length.

8. The take-out device according to claim 1, wherein: The protruding features are integrally formed with the frame.

9. A removal device, comprising: a frame comprising interconnected struts and defining a lumen extending longitudinally through the frame and an opening extending from an exterior of the frame to the lumen, the frame being configured to expand from a collapsed configuration to an expanded configuration; protruding features extending from the frame, wherein: In the collapsed configuration, the protruding feature extends longitudinally within the opening; and In the expanded configuration, the protruding feature extends radially inwardly into the lumen, wherein the pillars are connected to each other to form vertices; and wherein each of the protruding features extends from a corresponding one of the apexes, wherein the struts form a gap that allows the struts to move toward and away from each other to facilitate transitioning between the collapsed configuration and the expanded configuration, each of the gaps being on a side of a corresponding one of the apexes opposite to a corresponding one of the protruding features, and each of the gaps being defined by parallel edges of the struts on opposite sides of the corresponding one of the gaps.

10. The retrieval device of claim 9, further comprising a capture member at the distal end of the frame, the capture member tapering from a cross-sectional dimension of the frame toward a central axis of the frame as the capture member extends distally away from the frame.

11. The retrieval device according to claim 9, further comprising: an anchor portion connected to a proximal end of the frame, the anchor portion being radially offset from a central axis of the frame; as well as A middle portion connects the anchoring portion to the frame, the middle portion forming a portion of the lumen.

12. The take-out device according to claim 9, wherein: The framework defines: a proximal framework segment; an intermediate frame section; and A distal frame section, wherein the proximal frame section and the distal frame section have a cross-sectional dimension that is greater than a cross-sectional dimension of the intermediate frame section.

13. The retrieval device according to claim 12, wherein: The salient features include: a proximal projecting feature extending radially inwardly from the proximal framework segment; and a distal protruding feature extending radially inwardly from the distal framework segment; and The retrieval device further includes an intermediate protruding feature extending radially outward from the intermediate frame section.

14. The take-out device according to claim 9, wherein: The protruding features are integrally formed with the frame.

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