An aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function and its working mode

Abstract

The present invention relates to an aircraft air conditioning system with a self-cleaning function and its working mode. An aircraft air conditioning system with a self-cleaning function includes a self-cleaning heat exchanger, a cooling heat exchanger, a water separator, a high-speed turbine main engine composed of an expansion wheel, a compression wheel and an electric / generator coaxially, a dust collection tank, and a spray head. The aircraft air conditioning system with a self-cleaning function proposed by the present invention can, on the premise of only using one system, solve multiple requirements of the aircraft cabin for air cleanliness, humidity, temperature, etc., and can achieve large cooling capacity supply with a smaller system volume to meet the cooling demand of the aircraft. At the same time, the air filtration system in the air conditioning system of the present invention has a self-cleaning function, and the cost is significantly reduced compared with the existing air filtration system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aviation systems, and relates to an aircraft air conditioning system with a self-cleaning function and a working mode. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, helicopters have been increasingly widely used in law enforcement, ambulance, agriculture, military, transportation and other aspects. Along with the innovation of helicopter technology, the number of high-power on-board electronic devices has gradually increased, and the crew's requirements for the comfort of the cabin have been increasing day by day. The importance of the helicopter air conditioning system has become increasingly prominent. The aircraft air conditioning system is used to adjust and control the air temperature, humidity, fresh air, cleanliness and air pressure of the aircraft cockpit, passenger cabin and electronic equipment cabin to meet the physiological comfort and safety requirements of the cabin personnel and the environmental requirements such as equipment cooling. The aircraft air conditioning system is one of the key technologies for military aircraft and civil airliners.

[0003] In order to maintain the air cleanliness of the aircraft cabin and the working environment of electronic devices, installing an air filtration system on the aircraft has become a new requirement for the aircraft air conditioning system of each airline. At present, the common practice of each airline is to add a new set of air filtration system on the aircraft. This not only increases the complexity and cost of the on-board air conditioning system, but also it is very difficult to find space to install a separate air filtration system on aircraft models with extremely limited on-board equipment space such as helicopters. Secondly, the vast majority of existing aircraft cabin air filtration systems adopt the physical filtration method of multi-layer high-efficiency filter screens. Its disadvantage is that as the use time prolongs, the filtration ability of the filter screen decreases, and the filter screen must be replaced regularly after long-term use.

[0004] With the continuous increase of aircraft electronic devices, the cooling of the equipment cabin has become one of the important tasks of the environmental control system. Once the heat generated by the electronic devices exceeds the refrigeration capacity of the existing system, its reliability will be greatly reduced. Therefore, on the premise of not increasing the volume of the air conditioning system, it is an urgent problem to improve the refrigeration capacity of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an aircraft air conditioning system with a self-cleaning function, which can solve the multiple requirements of the aircraft cabin for air cleanliness, humidity, temperature, etc. on the premise of only using one system, and can achieve large cooling capacity supply with a smaller system volume to meet the aircraft's cooling demand. At the same time, the air filtration system in the air conditioning system of the present invention has a self-cleaning function, and the cost is significantly reduced compared with the existing air filtration system.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above problems is: an aircraft air conditioning system with a self-cleaning function, which is characterized in that:

[0007] It includes a self-cleaning heat exchanger, a cooling heat exchanger, a water separator, a high-speed turbine main engine composed of an expansion wheel, a compression wheel and an electric / generator coaxially, a dust collection tank, and a spray head;

[0008] The self-cleaning heat exchanger includes an inlet pipe, a front header pipe, microchannel flat tubes, fins, a lower header pipe, a second inlet pipe and an outlet pipe; the microchannel flat tubes include upper flat tubes and lower flat tubes, and after the upper flat tubes and the lower flat tubes are buckled with each other, a plurality of sealed channels are formed. An insulating plate is provided at the contact position between the upper flat tube and the lower flat tube; on the wall surfaces of the corresponding upper flat tube and the lower flat tube in each channel, an upper stationary electrode and a lower stationary electrode are respectively provided; the inlet pipe is communicated with the front header pipe, and the front header pipe is respectively communicated with the lower header pipe through the sealed channels of the microchannel flat tubes, and the lower header pipe is also respectively communicated with the second inlet pipe and the outlet pipe; fins are provided between two adjacent microchannel flat tubes;

[0009] The inlet pipe of the self-cleaning heat exchanger is connected to the high-pressure exhaust gas of the aircraft through a first solenoid valve, and the outlet pipe of the self-cleaning heat exchanger is connected to the inlet pipe of the cooling heat exchanger; the outlet pipe of the cooling heat exchanger is connected to the inlet pipe of the water separator, and the outlet pipe of the water separator is connected to the inlet of the expansion wheel of the high-speed turbine main engine; the gas at the outlet of the expansion wheel of the high-speed turbine main engine flows into the aircraft cabin after heat exchange with the fins of the cooling heat exchanger; the air outside the aircraft cabin is pressurized by the compression wheel and is divided into two paths. One path flows into the self-cleaning heat exchanger through the second solenoid valve and the second inlet pipe of the self-cleaning heat exchanger, cleans the particulate matter in the self-cleaning heat exchanger, and then is connected to the dust collection tank through the inlet pipe of the self-cleaning heat exchanger and a third solenoid valve; the other path of compressed air is mixed with the water flowing out of the water outlet of the water separator and then is sprayed out through the spray head to exchange heat with the fins of the self-cleaning heat exchanger.

[0010] Further, the sealed channels in the above-mentioned microchannel flat tubes are divided into several unit segments. The upper stationary electrodes on the wall surfaces of the corresponding upper flat tubes in the several unit segments are arranged alternately in one and two, and the lower stationary electrodes on the wall surfaces of the corresponding lower flat tubes in the several unit segments are arranged alternately in one and two, and the total number of the upper stationary electrodes and the lower stationary electrodes in each unit segment is always three.

[0011] Further, the stationary electrodes in the sealed channels in the above-mentioned microchannel flat tubes are arranged along the length direction of the microchannel flat tubes.

[0012] Further, the two ends of two adjacent microchannel flat tubes are respectively connected through an upper partition plate and a lower partition plate.

[0013] Further, the number of the above-mentioned microchannel flat tubes is ten.

[0014] Further, the cross-sectional shapes of the above-mentioned upper stationary electrode and the lower stationary electrode are triangular or finger-like.

[0015] Further, the above-mentioned front collector pipe, upper partition plate, fins, lower partition plate, and lower collector pipe are all made of insulating materials.

[0016] Further, the outer side of the above-mentioned microchannel flat tube is wrapped with an insulating layer with good thermal conductivity.

[0017] Further, it also includes a storage battery, which is used to store the electricity generated by the electric / generator.

[0018] In addition, the present invention also proposes an operating mode of the aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function based on the above, which is characterized in that:

[0019] It includes two working conditions: normal working condition and self-cleaning condition;

[0020] In the normal working condition:

[0021] Open the first solenoid valve, close the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve, so that the operating condition of the electric / generator is the generator condition; make the high-pressure exhaust gas of the aircraft flow into the front collector pipe from the inlet pipe of the self-cleaning heat exchanger after passing through the first solenoid valve. After being distributed by the front collector pipe, the air flow flows into the channels of each microchannel flat tube in the heat exchanger respectively; make the upper stationary electrodes in the upper flat tube all connected to the high-voltage positive power supply, and the lower stationary electrodes in the lower flat tube all connected to the high-voltage negative power supply. A stable electrostatic field will be formed between the upper and lower layers in the sealed channel. The electrostatic field can capture the charged particles in the air through the Coulomb force, and the uncharged particles are captured through the van der Waals force; at the same time, the air flowing through the microchannel flat tube exchanges heat with the water mist flowing through the fins of the self-cleaning heat exchanger. The air after purification and heat exchange flows out from the outlet pipe of the heat exchanger; subsequently, the air flow flows into the inlet pipe of the cooling heat exchanger, exchanges heat with another air flow inside the cooling heat exchanger, and then flows out from the outlet pipe of the heat exchanger; the air flow then flows into the inlet pipe of the water separator, and the dried air after water removal flows out from the outlet pipe of the water separator. The air after water removal flows into the expansion wheel, does work on the expansion wheel and drives the coaxial electric / generator and the compression wheel to rotate. At this time, the electric / generator is in the generator state, and the obtained electric energy is stored. The temperature of the air at the outlet of the expansion wheel decreases, flows into the fin side of the cooling heat exchanger, and after heat exchange, the air with the required temperature, humidity, and cleanliness is supplied to the aircraft cabin; the compression wheel driven by the expansion wheel compresses the gas from outside the cabin, mixes with the water from the outlet of the water separator, and is sprayed on the fin side of the self-cleaning heat exchanger through the spray head, and then is discharged outside the cabin after heat exchange in the self-cleaning heat exchanger;

[0022] During the self-cleaning operation: close the first solenoid valve, open the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve. The operating condition of the motor / generator is the motor condition, so that the high-voltage positive and negative power supplies loaded on the microchannel flat tube are cut off. When the system was working normally in the previous stage, a certain amount of electric energy was stored. Use this electric energy to drive the compression wheel to rotate. The compression wheel will compress the gas from outside the cabin. The gas flows into through the second inlet pipe of the self-cleaning heat exchanger via the second solenoid valve. Since the standing electrode is not powered on at this time, the adhesion of solid particles is greatly reduced. Driven by the air flow, the vast majority of the particles will flow out of the microchannel flat tube, and then flow out through the inlet pipe and the third solenoid valve to the dust collection tank to be collected, realizing the self-cleaning of the system.

[0023] Advantages of the present invention:

[0024] 1. Compared with the situation where the temperature regulation system and the air filtration system in the existing aircraft air conditioning system are two independent systems, the present invention realizes the regulation functions of air temperature, humidity, and cleanliness in one system. Moreover, the system has a small volume and a simple structure, and can be applied to occasions with limited airborne space such as helicopters.

[0025] 2. The air conditioning system proposed by the present invention includes a self-cleaning heat exchanger with microchannels and a turbo main engine that can operate at high speed. Under the heat exchange microchannels provided in the present invention, the heat exchange efficiency in the channels of the self-cleaning heat exchanger is high, and the fin end exchanges heat with water mist, and the heat exchange efficiency is much higher than the working condition when the cooling medium is gas. When the turbo main engine operates at high speed with a small volume, it can provide a large refrigerating capacity. Combined with the two, the present invention can meet the supply demand of large refrigerating capacity with a small system volume.

[0026] 3. The present invention uses the standing electrode filtration structure in the self-cleaning heat exchanger to filter air. The standing electrodes are arranged in a staggered manner, and the filtration efficiency is higher. Moreover, the air conditioning system of the present invention can realize the self-cleaning of the microchannel standing electrodes through self-cleaning operation, greatly reducing the air filtration cost. Description of the drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a front view of the structure of the self-cleaning heat exchanger according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the self-cleaning heat exchanger according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the microchannel flat tube according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5It is the position distribution diagram of the upper stationary electrode and the lower stationary electrode in the microchannel flat tube of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is the power supply schematic diagram of the microchannel flat tube of the present invention during normal operation;

[0033] Figure 7 It is the normal operation state diagram of the aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is the self-cleaning state diagram of the aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function of the present invention.

[0035] Wherein: 1 is a self-cleaning heat exchanger, 2 is a cooling heat exchanger, 3 is a water separator, 4 is an expansion wheel, 5 is a compression wheel, 6 is an electric / generator, 7 is a dust collection tank, 8 is a spray head, 9 is a first solenoid valve, 10 is a second solenoid valve, 11 is a third solenoid valve, 21 is an inlet pipe, 22 is an outlet pipe, 23 is a second inlet pipe, 31 is a front header, 32 is an upper partition, 33 is a microchannel flat tube, 34 is a fin, 35 is a lower partition, 36 is a lower header, 41 is an upper flat tube, 42 is an upper stationary electrode, 43 is a lower flat tube, 44 is a lower stationary electrode, 45 is an insulating plate. Specific embodiments

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] The present invention provides an aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function, which can meet multiple requirements of aircraft cabins for air cleanliness, humidity, temperature, etc. on the premise of only using one system, and can achieve large cooling capacity supply with a smaller system volume to meet the cooling demand of aircraft. At the same time, the air filtration system in the air conditioning system of the present invention has a self-cleaning function, and the cost is significantly reduced compared with the existing air filtration system.

[0038] See Figure 1, an aircraft air conditioning system with a self-cleaning function, including a self-cleaning heat exchanger 1, a cooling heat exchanger 2, a water separator 3, a high-speed turbine main engine composed of an expansion wheel 4, a compression wheel 5 and an electric / generator 6 coaxially, a dust collection tank 7, and a spray head 8.

[0039] See Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 includes an inlet pipe 21, a front header 31, a microchannel flat tube 33, fins 34, a lower header 36, a second inlet pipe 23 and an outlet pipe 22; the microchannel flat tube 33 includes an upper flat tube 41 and a lower flat tube 43, and after the upper flat tube 41 and the lower flat tube 43 are buckled with each other, a plurality of sealed channels are formed. An insulating plate 45 is provided at the contact position of the upper flat tube 41 and the lower flat tube 43; on the wall surfaces of the corresponding upper flat tube 41 and lower flat tube 43 in each channel, an upper stationary electrode 42 and a lower stationary electrode 44 are respectively provided; the inlet pipe 21 is communicated with the front header 31, and the front header 31 is respectively communicated with the lower header 36 through the sealed channels of the microchannel flat tube 33. The lower header 36 is also respectively communicated with the second inlet pipe 23 and the outlet pipe 22; fins are provided between two adjacent microchannel flat tubes 33. The two ends of two adjacent microchannel flat tubes 33 are respectively connected by an upper partition plate 32 and a lower partition plate 35.

[0040] The inlet pipe 21 of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 is connected to the high-pressure exhaust gas of the aircraft through a first solenoid valve 9, and the outlet pipe 22 of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 is connected to the inlet pipe 24 of the cooling heat exchanger 2; the outlet pipe 25 of the cooling heat exchanger 2 is connected to the inlet pipe 26 of the water separator 3, and the outlet pipe 27 of the water separator 3 is connected to the inlet of the expansion wheel 4 of the high-speed turbine main engine; the gas at the outlet of the expansion wheel 4 of the high-speed turbine main engine flows into the aircraft cabin after heat exchange with the fins of the cooling heat exchanger 2; the air outside the aircraft cabin is pressurized by the compression wheel 5 and is divided into two paths. One path flows into the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 through a second solenoid valve 10 and the second inlet pipe 23 of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1. After cleaning the particulate matter in the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1, it is connected to the dust collection tank 7 through the inlet pipe 21 of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 and a third solenoid valve 11; the other path of compressed air is mixed with the water flowing out from the water outlet 28 of the water separator 3 and then sprayed out through the spray head 8 to exchange heat with the fins of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 5 , the sealed channels in the microchannel flat tube 33 are divided into several unit segments. The upper stationary electrodes 42 on the wall surface of the upper flat tube 41 corresponding to several unit segments are arranged alternately in one and two, and the lower stationary electrodes 44 on the wall surface of the lower flat tube 43 corresponding to several unit segments are arranged alternately in one and two, and the total number of the upper stationary electrodes 42 and the lower stationary electrodes 44 in each unit segment is always three.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, seeFigure 5 The standing electrodes in the sealed channels within the microchannel flat tube 33 are arranged along the length direction of the microchannel flat tube 33.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 , the number of the microchannel flat tubes 33 is ten. The cross-sectional shapes of the upper standing electrode 42 and the lower standing electrode 34 are triangular or finger-like.

[0044] Preferably, the front header 31, the upper partition 32, the fin 34, the lower partition 35, and the lower header 36 are all made of insulating materials. The outer side of the microchannel flat tube 33 is wrapped with an insulating layer with good thermal conductivity.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a storage battery for storing the electricity generated by the motor / generator 6.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] As Figure 1 shown, an aircraft air conditioning system with a self-cleaning function, the inlet pipe 21 of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 is connected to the high-pressure exhaust gas of the aircraft through the first solenoid valve 9, and the outlet pipe 22 of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 is connected to the inlet pipe 24 of the cooling heat exchanger 2; the outlet pipe 25 of the cooling heat exchanger 2 is connected to the inlet pipe 26 of the water separator 3, and the outlet pipe 27 of the water separator 3 is connected to the inlet of the expansion wheel 4 of the high-speed turbine main engine. The gas at the outlet of the expansion wheel 4 of the high-speed turbine main engine flows into the aircraft cabin after exchanging heat with the fins of the cooling heat exchanger 2. At the same time, the air outside the aircraft cabin is pressurized by the compression wheel 5 and divided into two paths. One path passes through the second solenoid valve 10 and flows into the heat exchanger through the second inlet pipe 23 of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 to clean the particulate matter in the heat exchanger, and then is connected to the dust collection tank 7 through the inlet pipe 21 of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 and the third solenoid valve 11; the other path of compressed air is mixed with the water flowing out from the water outlet 28 of the water separator 3, sprayed out through the spray head 8, and then exchanges heat with the fins of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 and is discharged outside the cabin.

[0048] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 includes an inlet pipe 21, a front header 31, an upper partition plate 32, microchannel flat tubes 33, fins 34, a lower partition plate 35, a lower header 36, a second inlet pipe 23 and an outlet pipe 22. The microchannel flat tubes 33 are divided into ten groups. Each group of flat tubes includes an upper flat tube 41 with an upper stationary electrode 42, a lower flat tube 43 with a lower stationary electrode 44, and an insulating plate 45. The cross-sectional shape of the upper stationary electrode 42 provided in the upper flat tube 41 is triangular or finger-like. The stationary electrode is arranged along the length direction of the flat tube, and the quantity is set in a method of one and two alternating with each other. The cross-sectional shape of the lower stationary electrode 44 provided in the lower flat tube 43 is triangular or finger-like. The stationary electrode is arranged along the length direction of the flat tube, and the quantity is set in a method of one and two alternating with each other. When the stationary electrodes are arranged, the total number of stationary electrodes on the cross-section formed by the upper stationary electrode 42 and the lower stationary electrode 44 is always three.

[0049] As Figure 6 shown, when the ten groups of microchannel flat tubes 33 are in normal operation of the system, all the upper flat tubes 41 are connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage power supply, and all the lower flat tubes 43 are connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage power supply. When the system is in the self-cleaning working condition, the power supply is cut off.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] The working mode of the aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function includes two working conditions: normal working state and self-cleaning state.

[0052] During normal operation (see Figure 7 ): Open the first solenoid valve 9, close the second solenoid valve 10 and the third solenoid valve 11. The operating condition of the motor / generator 6 is the generator condition. The high-pressure exhaust gas of the aircraft flows into the front header 31 through the inlet pipe 21 of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 after passing through the first solenoid valve 9. After being distributed by the front header 31, the air flow flows into the channels of each microchannel flat tube 33 in the heat exchanger respectively. Since the upper stationary electrodes 42 in the sealed channels are all connected to the high-voltage positive power supply and the lower stationary electrodes 44 are all connected to the high-voltage negative power supply, a stable electrostatic field will be formed between the upper and lower layers in each microchannel flat tube at this time. The electrostatic field can capture the charged particles in the air through the Coulomb force, and the uncharged particles are captured through the van der Waals force. As Figure 5As shown, since the stationary electrodes are staggered along the flow direction, the disturbance of the air flow can be increased, the trapping efficiency can be increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger can also be increased. At the same time, the air flowing through the microchannel flat tube exchanges heat with the water mist flowing through the fins 34 of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1. The air after purification and heat exchange flows out from the outlet pipe 22 of the heat exchanger. Subsequently, the air flow flows into the cooling heat exchanger through the inlet pipe 24, exchanges heat with another air flow inside the cooling heat exchanger 2, and then flows out from the outlet pipe 25 of the heat exchanger. The air flow then flows into the water separator 3 through the inlet pipe 26, and the dried air after water removal is discharged from the outlet pipe 27 of the water separator. The air after water removal flows into the expansion wheel 4, does work on the expansion wheel and drives the coaxial electric / generator 6 and the compression wheel 5 to operate. At this time, the electric / generator 6 is in the generator state, and the obtained electric energy is stored in the battery. The temperature of the air at the outlet of the expansion wheel 4 decreases, flows into the fin side of the cooling heat exchanger 2, and after heat exchange, the air with the required temperature, humidity and cleanliness is supplied to the aircraft cabin. The compression wheel 5 driven by the expansion wheel 4 compresses the gas from outside the cabin, mixes with the water from the water outlet 28 of the water separator 3, and then flows into the fin side of the self-cleaning heat exchanger 1 through the spray head 8, and is discharged outside the cabin after heat exchange in the heat exchanger. The heat exchange form of the air flow mixed with water in the self-cleaning heat exchanger is phase change heat exchange, so its heat exchange efficiency will be significantly improved. So far, the above process constitutes the entire working cycle.

[0053] When the particulate matter stored in the system approaches saturation, the system operates in the self-cleaning mode (see Figure 8 ): At this time, the first solenoid valve 9 is closed, the second solenoid valve 10 and the third solenoid valve 11 are opened. The operating condition of the electric / generator 6 is the motor condition, and the high-voltage positive and negative power supplies loaded on the microchannel flat tube 33 are powered off. During the normal operation of the system in the early stage, the battery stores a certain amount of electric energy. This electric energy is used to drive the compression wheel 5 to rotate. The compression wheel compresses the gas from outside the cabin, and the gas flows into the self-cleaning heat exchanger through the second inlet pipe 23 of the second solenoid valve 10. Since the stationary electrode is not powered on at this time, the adhesion of the solid particulate matter is greatly reduced, and under the drive of the air flow, most of the particulate matter will flow out of the microchannel flat tube 33, and then flow out through the inlet pipe 21 and the third solenoid valve 11 to the dust collection tank 7 to be collected. The above process constitutes the entire self-cleaning working cycle of the system.

[0054] In summary, the present invention can filter the high-pressure exhaust gas of the aircraft, remove the particulate matter in the exhaust gas through the microchannel stationary electrode structure arranged in a staggered manner in the self-cleaning heat exchanger, and can automatically clean the collected particulate matter through the system pipeline layout. At the same time, through the cooling effect generated by the expansion of the air in the expansion wheel, combined with the settings of the self-cleaning heat exchanger and the cooling heat exchanger, the present invention can adjust the air temperature in the aircraft, and finally achieve the purpose of providing clean air with suitable temperature and humidity for the aircraft cabin.

[0055] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related system fields, shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention by the same token.

Claims

1. An aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function, characterized in that: it includes a self-cleaning heat exchanger (1), a cooling heat exchanger (2), a water separator (3), a high-speed turbine main engine composed of an expansion wheel (4), a compression wheel (5) and an electric / generator (6) coaxially, a dust collection tank (7), and a spray head (8); The self-cleaning heat exchanger (1) includes an inlet pipe (21), a front header pipe (31), a microchannel flat tube (33), fins (34), a lower header pipe (36), a second inlet pipe (23) and an outlet pipe (22); the microchannel flat tube (33) includes an upper flat tube (41) and a lower flat tube (43), and after the upper flat tube (41) and the lower flat tube (43) are buckled with each other, a plurality of sealed channels are formed. An insulating plate (45) is provided at the contact position of the upper flat tube (41) and the lower flat tube (43); on the wall surfaces of the corresponding upper flat tube (41) and lower flat tube (43) in each channel, an upper stationary electrode (42) and a lower stationary electrode (44) are respectively provided; the inlet pipe (21) is communicated with the front header pipe (31), and the front header pipe (31) is respectively communicated with the lower header pipe (36) through the sealed channels of the microchannel flat tube (33), and the lower header pipe (36) is also respectively communicated with the second inlet pipe (23) and the outlet pipe (22); fins (34) are provided between two adjacent microchannel flat tubes (33); The inlet pipe (21) of the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1) is connected to the high-pressure exhaust gas of the aircraft through a first solenoid valve (9), and the outlet pipe (22) of the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1) is connected to the inlet pipe (24) of the cooling heat exchanger (2); the outlet pipe (25) of the cooling heat exchanger (2) is connected to the inlet pipe (26) of the water separator (3), and the outlet pipe (27) of the water separator (3) is connected to the inlet of the expansion wheel (4) of the high-speed turbine main engine; the gas flowing out of the outlet of the expansion wheel (4) of the high-speed turbine main engine flows into the aircraft cabin after heat exchange with the fins (34) of the cooling heat exchanger (2); the air outside the aircraft cabin is pressurized by the compression wheel (5) and then divided into two paths. One path passes through a second solenoid valve (10) and flows into the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1) through the second inlet pipe (23) of the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1). After cleaning the particulate matter in the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1), it is connected to the dust collection tank (7) through the inlet pipe (21) and a third solenoid valve (11) of the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1); the other path of compressed air is mixed with the water flowing out of the water outlet (28) of the water separator (3) and then sprayed out through the spray head (8) to exchange heat with the fins (34) of the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1).

2. The aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sealed channels in the microchannel flat tube (33) are divided into several unit segments, the upper stationary electrodes (42) on the wall surface of the upper flat tube (41) corresponding to the several unit segments are arranged alternately in one and two, the lower stationary electrodes (44) on the wall surface of the lower flat tube (43) corresponding to the several unit segments are arranged alternately in one and two, and the total number of the upper stationary electrode (42) and the lower stationary electrode (44) in each unit segment is always three.

3. The aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function according to claim 2, characterized in that: the stationary electrodes in the sealed channels within the microchannel flat tubes (33) are arranged along the length direction of the microchannel flat tubes (33).

4. The aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function according to claim 3, characterized in that: both ends of two adjacent microchannel flat tubes (33) are respectively connected through an upper partition plate (32) and a lower partition plate (35).

5. The aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the number of the microchannel flat tubes (33) is ten.

6. The aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the cross-sectional shapes of the upper stationary electrode (42) and the lower stationary electrode (44) are triangular or finger-like.

7. The aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function according to claim 4, characterized in that: the front header pipe (31), the upper partition plate (32), the fins (34), the lower partition plate (35) and the lower header pipe (36) are all made of insulating materials.

8. The aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the outer sides of the microchannel flat tubes (33) are wrapped with insulating layers with good thermal conductivity.

9. The aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: it further includes a storage battery for storing the electricity generated by the motor / generator (6).

10. A working method of the aircraft air conditioning system with self-cleaning function according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: it includes two working conditions: a normal working state and a self-cleaning state; in the normal working state: Open the first solenoid valve (9), close the second solenoid valve (10) and the third solenoid valve (11), so that the operating condition of the motor / generator (6) is the generator condition; let the high-pressure exhaust gas of the aircraft flow into the front manifold (31) through the inlet pipe (21) of the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1) after passing through the first solenoid valve (9). After being distributed by the front manifold (31), the air flow flows into the channels of each microchannel flat tube (33) in the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1) respectively; connect the upper stationary electrodes (42) in the upper flat tube (41) to the high-voltage positive power supply, and connect the lower stationary electrodes (44) in the lower flat tube (43) to the high-voltage negative power supply. A stable electrostatic field will be formed between the upper and lower layers in the sealed channel. The electrostatic field can capture the charged particles in the air through the Coulomb force, and the uncharged particles are captured through the van der Waals force; at the same time, the air flowing through the microchannel flat tube (33) exchanges heat with the water mist flowing through the fins (34) of the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1). The air after purification and heat exchange flows out from the outlet pipe (22) of the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1); then, the air flow flows into through the inlet pipe (24) of the cooling heat exchanger, exchanges heat with another air flow inside the cooling heat exchanger (2), and then flows out from the outlet pipe (25) of the cooling heat exchanger (2); the air flow then flows into through the inlet pipe (26) of the water separator (3), and the dried air after water removal is discharged from the outlet pipe (27) of the water separator. The air after water removal flows into the expansion wheel (4), does work on the expansion wheel and drives the coaxial motor / generator (6) and the compression wheel (5) to rotate. At this time, the motor / generator (6) is in the generator state, and the obtained electric energy is stored. The temperature of the air at the outlet of the expansion wheel (4) decreases, flows into from the fin side of the cooling heat exchanger (2), and after heat exchange, the air with the temperature, humidity and cleanliness meeting the requirements is supplied to the aircraft cabin; the compression wheel (5) driven by the expansion wheel (4) compresses the gas from outside the cabin, mixes with the water from the water outlet (28) of the water separator (3), and is sprayed on the fin side of the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1) through the spray head (8), and is discharged outside the cabin after heat exchange in the self-cleaning heat exchanger (1). In the self-cleaning condition: close the first solenoid valve (9), open the second solenoid valve (10) and the third solenoid valve (11), the operating condition of the motor / generator (6) is the motor condition, and cut off the high-voltage positive and negative power supplies loaded on the microchannel flat tube (33); a certain amount of electric energy is stored during the normal operation of the previous system. Use this electric energy to drive the compression wheel (5) to rotate. The compression wheel will compress the gas from outside the cabin, and the gas flows into through the second inlet pipe (23) of the self-cleaning heat exchanger through the second solenoid valve (10); since the stationary electrodes are not powered on at this time, the adhesion of the solid particles is greatly reduced, and most of the particles will flow out of the microchannel flat tube (33) under the drive of the air flow, and then flow out through the inlet pipe (21) and the third solenoid valve (11) to the dust collection tank (7) to be collected, realizing the self-cleaning of the system.

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