Drainage board and drainage system for three-dimensional tunnel

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage system, the three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage system comprises a base plate, the base plate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first surface faces the initial support of the tunnel, and the second surface faces the secondary lining of the tunnel; a plurality of water retaining structures extending in a direction away from the first surface are arranged on the first surface, the water retaining structures are integrally formed with the base plate, and the plurality of water retaining structures are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the base plate, each water retaining structure has a drainage channel extending along the width direction of the base plate, the side of the drainage channel facing the initial support of the tunnel is open, and the two ends of the drainage channel are open to form drainage ports; all drainage channels are arranged in parallel, so as to effectively guide the accumulated water on the first surface, so that the accumulated water can be discharged in time. At the same time, the second surface is a smooth and flat surface, which protects the structure of the drainage channel during the construction of the secondary lining of the tunnel and ensures the drainage effect of the waterproofing and drainage board.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of drainage and prevention, and in particular to a drainage and prevention board and a drainage and prevention system for a three-dimensional tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Drainage board is one of the widely used waterproof facilities in tunnel drainage. It is usually laid between the initial support and secondary lining of the tunnel to achieve the effect of isolating water seepage.

[0003] Existing anti-drainage boards are usually formed by punching a plurality of spaced bosses on one side of a plastic base plate, and at the same time, a cavity is punched out at the position corresponding to the bosses on the other side of the plastic base plate. Drainage channels are formed between adjacent bosses, that is, all drainage channels on the plastic base plate are interconnected, resulting in water flowing over the entire anti-drainage board during the actual drainage process, making it impossible for the water on the anti-drainage board to be discharged in time, resulting in less water discharged to the outside from the anti-drainage board.

[0004] At the same time, due to the formation of cavities on the other side of the plastic base plate, during the construction of the second lining concrete, the poor fluidity of the concrete will cause part of the cavities to not be filled, resulting in the bosses corresponding to the cavities being easily deformed due to stress concentration during construction, thereby reducing or eliminating the drainage channels and reducing the drainage effect of the anti-drainage board. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a drainage board and a drainage system for a three-dimensional tunnel.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a waterproof and drainage board for a three-dimensional tunnel, comprising a substrate, the substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first surface facing the initial support of the tunnel, and the second surface facing the secondary lining of the tunnel;

[0007] A plurality of water retaining structures extending in a direction away from the first surface are arranged on the first surface, the water retaining structures are integrally formed with the base plate, and the plurality of water retaining structures are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the base plate, each of the water retaining structures has a drainage channel extending along the width direction of the base plate, a side of the drainage channel facing the initial support of the tunnel is open, and both ends of the drainage channel are open to form drainage ports; all the drainage channels are arranged in parallel;

[0008] The second surface is a smooth and flat surface.

[0009] Optionally, the water retaining structure comprises two water retaining plates arranged opposite to each other, and the water retaining plates are integrally formed with the base plate;

[0010] Each of the water retaining plates extends from the base plate toward the direction of the initial support of the tunnel, and the water retaining plates penetrate the width direction of the base plate, and the area between the two water retaining plates forms the drainage channel.

[0011] Optionally, a guide structure is provided in the area between two adjacent water retaining structures, and drainage holes are respectively provided on the opposite sides of two adjacent drainage channels. The guide structure is used to allow the accumulated water in the area between the two adjacent drainage channels to enter the drainage channel through the drainage holes and be discharged through the drain outlet.

[0012] Optionally, the water retaining plate includes a plurality of plate segments, and the plurality of plate segments are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the drainage channel, and the drainage hole is formed between two adjacent plate segments.

[0013] Optionally, the guide structure includes a plurality of inclined baffles, the inclined baffles are integrally formed with the base plate, and the inclination angles of two adjacent inclined baffles are different, so that the two adjacent inclined baffles intersect, and the plurality of inclined baffles are sequentially connected along the extension direction of the drainage channel;

[0014] Two ends of the inclined baffle plate correspond to one of the drainage holes respectively, and there is a water-passing gap between the two ends of the inclined baffle plate and the hole wall of the drainage hole.

[0015] Optionally, the end of the inclined baffle is rounded;

[0016] And / or, the corners of the drainage hole are rounded.

[0017] Optionally, along the length direction of the substrate, a first connecting portion is provided at one end of the substrate, and a second connecting portion is provided at the other end of the substrate;

[0018] In the two mutually cooperating three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage boards, the first connection portion on one of the three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage boards is used to cooperate and connect with the second connection portion on the other three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board.

[0019] Optionally, the first connecting portion includes a reserved lap plate arranged at one end of the substrate;

[0020] The second connecting portion includes a folded edge arranged on the second surface and extending in a direction away from the second surface, and the folded edge can be folded over to form a slot together with the second surface for inserting the reserved lap plate.

[0021] Optionally, a connecting plate is provided on the second surface, one end of the folded edge is connected to the connecting plate, and the folded edge and the connecting plate together form the slot after being folded;

[0022] The surface of the connecting plate and / or one side of the folded edge that forms the groove wall of the slot has an adhesive layer, an isolation protection layer is arranged on the adhesive layer, and the isolation protection layer can be peeled off from the adhesive layer.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a drainage system, including a geotextile and a plurality of drainage boards for three-dimensional tunnels as described above;

[0024] A plurality of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards are connected in sequence along the length direction of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards; the geotextile covers the side of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board facing the initial support of the tunnel, and fits with the side of the drainage channel facing the initial support of the tunnel.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages:

[0026] The present invention provides a drainage board and drainage system for a three-dimensional tunnel. A substrate is provided. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface relative to each other, and the first surface faces the initial support of the tunnel, and the second surface faces the secondary lining of the tunnel. At the same time, a plurality of water retaining structures extending in a direction away from the first surface are provided on the first surface, and the water retaining structures are integrally formed with the substrate, and the plurality of water retaining structures are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the substrate. Each water retaining structure has a drainage channel extending along the width direction of the substrate, and the side of the drainage channel facing the initial support of the tunnel is open, and both ends of the drainage channel are open to form drainage outlets, and all the drainage channels are arranged in parallel. Since the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board has a plurality of drainage channels arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the drainage channels are extended along the width direction of the substrate, and the two ends of the drainage channels are opened to form drainage ports, that is, in the actual drainage process, the water after the initial support of the tunnel can enter from the open parts of each drainage channel and be discharged from the drainage ports to the outside of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board, that is, the accumulated water on the first surface of the drainage board can flow and be discharged in each drainage channel, thereby effectively guiding the accumulated water, so that the accumulated water on the drainage board can be discharged in time and drain smoothly, reducing the overflow of water on the surface of the drainage board, thereby increasing the amount of water discharged to the outside of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board per unit time to a certain extent, and ensuring the drainage effect of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board; and since the water retaining structure and the substrate are integrally formed, the connection strength and integrity between the water retaining structure and the substrate are improved; at the same time, by setting the second surface as a smooth and flat surface, the drainage channel on the first surface of the substrate will not be affected during the construction of the second lining of the tunnel, that is, the water retaining structure is not easy to deform, thereby ensuring the drainage effect of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board to a certain extent, and improving the service life of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is placed at the bottom of the geotextile;

[0031] Figure 3 This is the first arrangement mode of the water retaining structure and the flow diversion structure of the anti-drainage board for the three-dimensional tunnel according to the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 4 The second arrangement mode of the water retaining structure and the flow diversion structure of the drainage board for the three-dimensional tunnel described in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 3 and Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0035] Among them, 1. base plate; 11. first surface; 12. second surface; 2. water retaining structure; 21. drainage channel; 211. water retaining plate; 212. plate section; 22. open; 23. drainage outlet; 24. drainage hole; 3. diversion structure; 31. inclined baffle; 32. water gap; 4. first connection part; 41. reserved lap plate; 5. second connection part; 51. folded edge; 52. connecting plate; 6. slot; 7. adhesive layer; 71. isolation protection layer; 100. drainage board for three-dimensional tunnel; 200. geotextile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0037] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage board, and the three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage board 100 specifically includes a substrate 1, and the substrate 1 has a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 opposite to each other, the first surface 11 faces the initial support of the tunnel, and the second surface 12 faces the secondary lining of the tunnel. Specifically, the three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage board 100 can be made of a high molecular polymer such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer modified polyethylene plastic.

[0040] Specifically, the first surface 11 is provided with a plurality of water retaining structures 2 extending in a direction away from the first surface 11, the water retaining structures 2 are integrally formed with the base plate 1, and the plurality of water retaining structures 2 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the base plate 1, and each water retaining structure 2 has a drainage channel 21 extending along the width direction of the base plate 1, and the side of the drainage channel 21 facing the initial support of the tunnel is open 22, and both ends of the drainage channel 21 are open to form drainage ports 23, and all the drainage channels 21 are arranged in parallel. At the same time, the second surface 12 is a smooth and flat surface.

[0041] The length direction of the substrate 1 mentioned above refers to Figure 1 The double-headed arrow XX in the figure indicates the width direction of the substrate 1. Figure 1 The double-headed arrow in the YY direction.

[0042] That is, by setting a plurality of parallel drainage channels 21 along the XX direction of the substrate 1, and the drainage channels 21 run through the width direction of the substrate 1, the first surface 11 of the entire three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100 is divided into different channels for facilitating the drainage of accumulated water to the outside. That is, in the actual drainage process, the accumulated water after the initial support of the tunnel enters each drainage channel 21 from the opening 22 on the first surface 11 of the three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100, and is discharged from the drainage ports 23 at both ends of the drainage channel 21 to the outside of the three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100. In other words, the drainage channel 21 can effectively guide the accumulated water so that the accumulated water can be discharged in time and the drainage is smooth, thereby reducing the overflow of water on the surface of the three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100 and increasing the amount of water discharged to the outside to a certain extent.

[0043] Of course, the accumulated water on the first surface 11 can also flow between each two adjacent drainage channels 21 and be discharged to the outside of the three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage board 100.

[0044] Since the water retaining structure 2 and the base plate 1 are formed in one piece, the water retaining structure 2 and the base plate 1 have good integrity and high connection strength.

[0045] In specific implementation, the second surface 12 is set to be a smooth and flat surface, that is, the second surface 12 does not have a cavity or other structure corresponding to the drainage channel 21. Therefore, during the construction of the second lining of the tunnel, the concrete will not affect the structure of the three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100, that is, the drainage channel 21 will not have stress concentration, deformation and other problems, thereby protecting the structure of the drainage channel 21 to a certain extent, ensuring the drainage effect of the three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100, and improving the service life of the three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100.

[0046] For example, during the actual drainage process of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100, the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100 is located between the initial support of the tunnel and the secondary lining of the tunnel, and the first surface 11 where the drainage channel 21 is located faces the initial support of the tunnel. In this way, the accumulated water after the initial support of the tunnel enters the drainage channel 21 through the opening 22, and is discharged from the drainage port 23 to the outside of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100. At the same time, the accumulated water can also flow and be discharged between each adjacent drainage channel 21, that is, the accumulated water on the surface of the entire three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100 can be effectively guided, so that the accumulated water can flow smoothly, reducing the overflow of the accumulated water on the first surface 11, facilitating the discharge of the accumulated water, and ensuring the drainage effect of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100.

[0047] The waterproof and drainage board for a three-dimensional tunnel provided in this embodiment is provided with a substrate 1, the substrate 1 has a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 opposite to each other, and the first surface 11 faces the initial support of the tunnel, and the second surface 12 faces the secondary lining of the tunnel; at the same time, a plurality of water retaining structures 2 extending in a direction away from the first surface 11 are provided on the first surface 11, and the water retaining structures 2 are integrally formed with the substrate 1, and the plurality of water retaining structures 2 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the substrate 1 at intervals, each of the water retaining structures 2 has a drainage channel 21 extending along the width direction of the substrate 1, the side of the drainage channel 21 facing the initial support of the tunnel is an open opening 22, both ends of the drainage channel 21 are open to form drainage ports 23, and all the drainage channels 21 are arranged in parallel. Since the three-dimensional tunnel waterproof and drainage board 100 has a plurality of drainage channels 21 arranged in parallel and at intervals, the drainage channels 21 extend along the width direction of the substrate 1, and the two ends of the drainage channels 21 are opened to form drainage ports 23. That is to say, in the actual drainage process, the water after the initial support of the tunnel can enter from the open openings 22 of each drainage channel 21 and be discharged from the drainage ports 23 to the outside of the three-dimensional tunnel waterproof and drainage board 100, that is, the accumulated water on the first surface 11 of the drainage board can flow and be discharged in each drainage channel 21, thereby effectively guiding the accumulated water, so that the accumulated water on the drainage board can be discharged in time and drain smoothly, reducing the overflow of water on the surface of the drainage board, thereby increasing the drainage capacity to a certain extent. The amount of water discharged to the outside of the three-dimensional tunnel waterproof and drainage board 100 per unit time is increased, thereby ensuring the drainage effect of the three-dimensional tunnel waterproof and drainage board 100; and because the water retaining structure 2 and the substrate 1 are integrally formed, the connection strength and integrity between the water retaining structure 2 and the substrate 1 are improved; at the same time, by setting the second surface 12 to a smooth and flat surface, that is, there is no concave cavity on the second surface 12, so that during the construction of the tunnel second lining, the drainage channel 21 of the first surface 11 of the substrate 1 will not be affected, that is, the water retaining structure 2 is not easy to deform, thereby ensuring the drainage effect of the three-dimensional tunnel waterproof and drainage board 100 to a certain extent, and improving the service life of the three-dimensional tunnel waterproof and drainage board 100.

[0048] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the water retaining structure 2 includes two oppositely arranged water retaining plates 211, which are integrally formed with the base plate 1. Each water retaining plate 211 extends from the base plate 1 toward the direction of the initial support of the tunnel, and the water retaining plate 211 runs through the width direction of the base plate 1, and the area between the two water retaining plates 211 forms a drainage channel 21.

[0049] Thus, the structure of the water retaining structure 2 is simple, and the drainage channel 21 formed by two adjacent water retaining plates 211 has good drainage effect. At the same time, since the water retaining plates 211 and the base plate 1 are integrally formed, the integrity between the water retaining plates 211 and the base plate 1 is good and the connection strength is high.

[0050] Of course, the water retaining structure 2 can also be a U-shaped plate with a U-shaped cross-section and an opening toward the initial tunnel support side. The U-shaped plate runs through the width direction of the base plate 1, and a drainage channel 21 is formed in the concave cavity of the U-shaped plate.

[0051] During specific implementation, the specific structure of the water retaining structure 2 can be arbitrarily selected according to actual conditions, as long as the accumulated water can be effectively guided so that the accumulated water can be discharged.

[0052] During specific implementation, a guide structure 3 is also provided in the area between two adjacent water retaining structures 2, and drainage holes 24 are respectively opened on the opposite sides of two adjacent drainage channels 21. The guide structure 3 is used to allow the accumulated water in the area between the two adjacent drainage channels 21 to enter the drainage channel 21 through the drainage holes 24 and be discharged through the drainage port 23.

[0053] That is to say, the diversion structure 3 can divert the accumulated water between two adjacent drainage channels 21, so that the accumulated water in the area can quickly enter the drainage channel 21, thereby improving the discharge effect of the accumulated water in the area to a certain extent, and then improving the drainage volume and drainage efficiency of the entire three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100 per unit time.

[0054] It should be noted that when the accumulated water between two adjacent drainage channels 21 enters the drainage channel 21 through diversion, it will also promote the water in the drainage channel 21 to a certain extent, thereby also being able to increase the drainage speed of each drainage channel 21 .

[0055] The drainage holes 24 are provided on the opposite sides of the two adjacent drainage channels 21. That is, in the length direction of the substrate 1, the two drainage channels 21 on the left and right sides are an integral surface facing away from the outermost side of the substrate 1, that is, there are no drainage holes 24 on this surface, so that the water in the two drainage channels 21 on the left and right sides of the substrate 1 flows toward the drainage port 23 and is discharged, ensuring the drainage effect of the entire three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100.

[0056] In some embodiments, the water retaining plate 211 includes a plurality of plate segments 212, which are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the drainage channel 21, and a drainage hole 24 is formed between two adjacent plate segments 212. With such a configuration, the structure of the drainage channel 21 is simple, and the formation of the drainage hole 24 is facilitated, and the water flow effect at the drainage hole 24 is good.

[0057] In other embodiments, the water retaining plate 211 may also be a plate body disposed along the extension direction of the drainage channel 21 , and a plurality of drainage holes 24 are opened on the plate body along the extension direction of the plate body.

[0058] Specifically, the guide structure 3 includes a plurality of inclined baffles 31, which are integrally formed with the base plate 1, and the inclination angles of two adjacent inclined baffles 31 are different, so that the two adjacent inclined baffles 31 intersect, and the plurality of inclined baffles 31 are sequentially connected along the extension direction of the drainage channel 21. The two ends of the inclined baffle 31 correspond to a drainage hole 24 respectively, and there is a water gap 32 between the inclined baffle 31 and the hole wall of the drainage hole 24.

[0059] Since the inclined baffle 31 and the base plate 1 are formed in one piece, the inclined baffle 31 and the base plate 1 have good integrity and high connection strength, thereby ensuring the diversion effect of the entire diversion structure 3 on accumulated water.

[0060] At the same time, the diversion structure 3 has a simple structure and has a good diversion effect on the accumulated water between two adjacent drainage channels 21. Figure 3 As shown, the shape of the guide structure 3 is sawtooth-like, and two adjacent guide structures 3 can form a plurality of rhombus-like structures.

[0061] Since the two ends of the inclined baffle plate 31 correspond to a drainage hole 24 respectively, and there is a water gap 32 between the wall of the drainage hole 24. Therefore, the accumulated water between two adjacent drainage channels 21 divides the accumulated water in the area into multiple parts, and the accumulated water in each part can enter the drainage channel 21 through the water gap 32 and the drainage hole 24 in sequence under the guidance of the inclined baffle plate 31. In other words, the accumulated water between two adjacent drainage channels 21 is divided into multiple small areas, and the accumulated water in each small area enters the corresponding drainage channel 21 through each drainage hole 24 in sequence, which further improves the diversion effect of the accumulated water, and to a certain extent improves the drainage effect of the entire three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100.

[0062] Of course, other structures capable of guiding the accumulated water between two adjacent drainage channels 21 may also be provided according to actual needs, as long as the accumulated water between two adjacent drainage channels 21 can flow into the drainage channel 21 .

[0063] Figure 3 and Figure 4 Two different structures of drainage panels 100 for three-dimensional tunnels are shown. Figure 3 In the present invention, the distance between each adjacent drainage channel 21 is small, and the number of plate sections 212 in the drainage channel 21 is large, so that the guide structure 3 forms a plurality of smaller diamond-like structures on the surface of the anti-drainage plate 100 for the entire three-dimensional tunnel, so as to divert the accumulated water multiple times, thereby increasing the drainage area of ​​the accumulated water to a certain extent and increasing the drainage volume.

[0064] Compared with Figure 3 For example, Figure 4The distance between adjacent drainage channels 21 is large, and the number of plate segments 212 in the drainage channels 21 is small, so that the single diamond-like structure formed by the diversion structure 3 on the surface of the entire three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100 is larger, and the number of diamond-like structures is small.

[0065] That is to say, Figure 3 compared to Figure 4 The drainage effect is better, making Figure 3 The arrangement is more suitable for tunnels with medium or strong water content. Figure 4 The arrangement is more suitable for the situation where the water content of the tunnel is a water-poor area or a weak water-rich area. In specific implementation, the arrangement of the corresponding drainage channel 21 and the guide structure 3 on the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100 can be selected or flexibly adjusted according to the water content of different tunnels.

[0066] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the end of the inclined baffle plate 31 is configured to be rounded to guide the accumulated water entering the drainage channel 21 from the inclined baffle plate 31 through the drainage hole 24 to a certain extent.

[0067] At the same time, the corners of the drainage hole 24 are set to be rounded, which can guide the accumulated water when it passes through the corners of the drainage hole 24, thereby further guiding the accumulated water entering the drainage channel 21 from the inclined baffle 31, facilitating the flow of the accumulated water and further increasing the flow speed of the accumulated water.

[0068] In specific implementation, along the length direction of the substrate 1, a first connection portion 4 is provided at one end of the substrate 1, and a second connection portion 5 is provided at the other end of the substrate 1. In the two mutually matched three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage boards 100, the first connection portion 4 on one of the three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage boards 100 is used to cooperate and connect with the second connection portion 5 on the other three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100.

[0069] Such an arrangement can realize the overlap of two three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage boards 100, and it is convenient for workers to overlap multiple three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage boards 100 according to the size of the three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage boards 100 and the laying area of ​​the tunnel where the three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage boards 100 are to be laid, thereby realizing the laying of the three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage boards 100 in the entire tunnel, which is convenient for draining the accumulated water on the entire tunnel surface.

[0070] Among them, the first connecting part 4 specifically includes a reserved lap plate 41 arranged at one end of the base plate 1; the second connecting part 5 includes a folded edge 51 arranged on the second surface 12 and extending in a direction away from the second surface 12, and the folded edge 51 can be folded to form a slot 6 for inserting the reserved lap plate between the second surface 12, thereby realizing the overlap of two three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards 100.

[0071] During the specific implementation, the reserved lap plate on one of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards 100 is first placed at the folded edge 51 of the second side 12 of the other three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100, and then the folded edge 51 is folded so that the reserved lap plate 41 on one of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards 100 is inserted into the slot 6 formed by the folded edge 51 of the second side 12 of the other three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100, thereby finally realizing the overlap of the two three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards 100.

[0072] Specifically, the second surface 12 has a connecting plate 52, one end of the folded edge 51 is connected to the connecting plate 52, and the folded edge 51 and the connecting plate 52 together form a slot 6. The surface of the connecting plate 52 and / or the side of the folded edge 51 that forms the slot wall of the slot 6 has an adhesive layer 7, and an isolation protection layer 71 is provided on the adhesive layer 7, and the isolation protection layer 71 can be peeled off from the adhesive layer 7.

[0073] The connecting plate 52 and the folding edge 51 are arranged on the second surface 12, and the slot 6 is also located on the second surface 12. In this way, when two three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage boards 100 are overlapped, the connecting plate 52, the folding edge 51 and the reserved overlapping plate 41 are located on the side facing the secondary lining of the tunnel. In other words, the connecting plate 52, the folding edge 51 and the reserved overlapping plate 41 will not directly contact the accumulated water, thereby protecting the structure of the connecting plate 52, the folding edge 51 and the reserved overlapping plate 41, so that the two three-dimensional tunnel waterproofing and drainage boards 100 can be firmly overlapped together.

[0074] At the same time, the second surface 12 is connected to the folded edge 51 by the connecting plate 52, thereby improving the connection strength between the connecting plate 52 and the folded edge 51. At the same time, when in use, the isolation protection layer 71 can protect the adhesive layer 7, ensuring the bonding effect of the adhesive layer 7; and the isolation protection layer 71 can be peeled off from the adhesive layer 7, so as to facilitate the use of workers. Specifically, the adhesive layer 7 can be a butyl rubber self-adhesive, and the isolation protection layer 71 can be an acrylic anti-stick coating.

[0075] In specific implementation, when the surface of the connecting plate 52 and one side of the groove wall of the folded edge 51 that forms the slot 6 both have an adhesive layer 7 and an isolation protective layer 71, first peel off the isolation protective layer 71 on the surface of the connecting plate 52 of another three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100, so that the adhesive layer 7 on the surface of the connecting plate 52 is exposed to the outside, and the top surface of the reserved lap plate 41 on one of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards 100 is bonded to the adhesive layer 7 on the surface of the connecting plate 52, then peel off the isolation protective layer 71 on the folded edge 51 of another three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100, and fold the folded edge 51 so that the adhesive layer on the folded edge 51 is bonded to the bottom surface of the reserved lap plate 41 on one of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards 100, and finally the two three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards 100 are overlapped together by gluing.

[0076] Of course, the adhesive layer 7 and the isolation protection layer 71 may also be provided only on the surface of the connecting plate 52 , or only on one side of the groove wall of the folded edge 51 that forms the slot 6 .

[0077] In addition, a sub-buckle can be set on the reserved lap plate 41, and a female buckle that can be buckled and connected with the sub-buckle can be set on the folded edge 51 and / or the connecting plate 52, so that two three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards 100 can be connected together through the cooperation of the sub-buckle and the female buckle.

[0078] Compared with overlapping methods such as hot melting and welding, the present invention overlaps two three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards 100 by double-layer gluing. The overlapping method is simple and easy to implement, which can improve the overlapping efficiency to a certain extent. The sealing between the first connection part 4 and the second connection part 5 is good, and the waterproof performance is excellent. At the same time, the cost of the adhesive overlapping method is relatively low.

[0079] Embodiment 2

[0080] This embodiment provides a drainage system, including a geotextile 200 and a plurality of drainage boards 100 for three-dimensional tunnels.

[0081] A plurality of three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards 100 are connected in sequence along the length direction of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards 100; the geotextile 200 covers the side of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100 facing the initial support of the tunnel, and fits with the side of the drainage channel 21 facing the initial support of the tunnel.

[0082] Among them, the geotextile 200 can specifically be a geononwoven fabric. The geotextile 200 located between the initial support of the tunnel and the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100 can form a protective layer with a water-permeable filtering function, thereby effectively preventing soil particles, impurities, etc. from entering the first surface 11 of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100, ensuring the normal drainage of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage board 100.

[0083] The specific structure and implementation principle of the three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100 in this embodiment are the same as those of the three-dimensional tunnel anti-drainage board 100 provided in Example 1, and can bring the same or similar technical effects. They will not be described one by one here, and please refer to the description of Example 1 for details.

[0084] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0085] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A drainage board for a three-dimensional tunnel, characterized in that: The substrate (1) comprises a first surface (11) and a second surface (12) which are opposite to each other, wherein the first surface (11) faces the initial support of the tunnel, and the second surface (12) faces the secondary lining of the tunnel; The first surface (11) is provided with a plurality of water retaining structures (2) extending in a direction away from the first surface (11); the water retaining structures (2) are integrally formed with the base plate (1); the plurality of water retaining structures (2) are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the base plate (1); each of the water retaining structures (2) has a drainage channel (21) extending along the width direction of the base plate (1); a side of the drainage channel (21) facing the initial tunnel support is open (22); both ends of the drainage channel (21) are open to form drainage outlets (23); all the drainage channels (21) are arranged in parallel; The second surface (12) is a smooth and flat surface; The water retaining structure (2) comprises two water retaining plates (211) arranged opposite to each other, and the water retaining plates (211) are integrally formed with the base plate (1); Each of the water retaining plates (211) extends from the base plate (1) in the direction of the initial tunnel support, and the water retaining plates (211) penetrate the width direction of the base plate (1), and the area between the two water retaining plates (211) forms the drainage channel (21); A flow guiding structure (3) is provided in the area between two adjacent water retaining structures (2), and drainage holes (24) are respectively provided on the mutually opposite sides of two adjacent drainage channels (21), and the flow guiding structure (3) is used to allow the accumulated water in the area between the two adjacent drainage channels (21) to enter the drainage channel (21) through the drainage holes (24) and be discharged through the drainage port (23); The water retaining plate (211) comprises a plurality of plate segments (212), the plurality of plate segments (212) being sequentially arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the drainage channel (21), and the drainage hole (24) is formed between two adjacent plate segments (212); The guide structure (3) comprises a plurality of inclined baffles (31), the inclined baffles (31) being integrally formed with the base plate (1), and the inclination angles of two adjacent inclined baffles (31) being different so that the two adjacent inclined baffles (31) intersect, and the plurality of inclined baffles (31) are sequentially connected along the extension direction of the drainage channel (21); Both ends of the inclined baffle plate (31) correspond to one of the drainage holes (24) respectively, and a water-passing gap (32) is provided between the inclined baffle plate and the hole wall of the drainage hole (24).

2. The three-dimensional tunnel drainage board according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The end of the inclined baffle (31) is rounded; And / or, the corners of the drainage hole (24) are rounded.

3. The three-dimensional tunnel drainage board according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the length direction of the substrate (1), a first connection portion (4) is provided at one end of the substrate (1), and a second connection portion (5) is provided at the other end of the substrate (1); In the two mutually cooperating three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards (100), the first connection portion (4) on one of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards (100) is used to cooperate and connect with the second connection portion (5) on the other of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage boards (100).

4. The three-dimensional tunnel drainage board according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first connecting portion (4) comprises a reserved lap plate (41) arranged at one end of the base plate (1); The second connecting portion (5) comprises a folded edge (51) arranged on the second surface (12) and extending in a direction away from the second surface (12), and the folded edge (51) can be folded over to form a slot (6) with the second surface (12) for inserting the reserved lap plate (41).

5. The three-dimensional tunnel drainage board according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The second surface (12) has a connecting plate (52), one end of the folded edge (51) is connected to the connecting plate (52), and the folded edge (51) and the connecting plate (52) together form the slot (6) after being folded; The surface of the connecting plate (52) and / or the side of the folded edge (51) that forms the groove wall of the slot (6) has an adhesive layer (7), an isolation protection layer (71) is provided on the adhesive layer (7), and the isolation protection layer (71) can be peeled off from the adhesive layer (7).

6. A drainage system, characterized in that: It comprises a geotextile (200) and a plurality of waterproof and drainage boards (100) for three-dimensional tunnels according to any one of claims 1 to 5; A plurality of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage panels (100) are connected in sequence along the length direction of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage panels (100); the geotextile (200) covers a side of the three-dimensional tunnel drainage panels (100) facing the initial tunnel support, and is in contact with a side of the drainage channel (21) facing the initial tunnel support.

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