Big data-based double-layer primary support integrated arch cover construction system and method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of rail transit equipment, and particularly relates to a double-layer primary support integrated arch cover construction system and method based on big data, wherein the system comprises a tunnel trolley and a lifting machine; the tunnel trolley comprises a portal, a main track and a walking system; the walking system is installed on the portal; the walking system is supported on the main track; a passageway for the arch cover to pass through is formed on the inner side of the portal; the lifting machine comprises a lifting arm and a driver; one end of the lifting arm is hinged to one side of the portal facing the tunnel face; the driver is installed on the portal; the execution end of the driver is connected with the lifting arm to drive the free end of the lifting arm to swing up and down; the free end of the lifting arm is provided with a bracket; the bracket is provided with a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the free end of the lifting arm. The application can solve the problem of integrated forming construction of the arch cover in the double-layer primary support construction method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rail transit equipment technology, specifically relating to a construction system and method for a double-layer initial support integrated arch cover based on big data. Background Technology

[0002] The initial support arch-cover method is a new subway station construction technique suitable for soft-over-hard soil layers, representing an advancement in cut-and-cover technology. With the increasing demands of rail transit development, station tunnel cross-sections are becoming larger, and the interaction between the surrounding rock and the support structure is becoming more complex, placing higher requirements on tunnel support. The previous single-layer initial support construction method can no longer meet the requirements for support thickness. Therefore, an increasing number of rail transit station constructions are adopting the double-layer initial support method.

[0003] In related technologies, the double-layer initial support construction method mainly combines the double-side-wall pilot tunnel method, and the basic construction sequence is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the excavation of the pilot tunnels in the distributed construction sequence mainly includes the excavation of three pilot tunnels on the left, middle and right of the upper step, and three pilot tunnels on the left, middle and right of the middle and lower steps, totaling nine pilot tunnels. They are excavated in the order of ①→⑨. When carrying out the initial support, the ① and ② pilot tunnels of the upper step need to be excavated first. After the excavation is completed, the first initial support is completed. Then, the steel mesh of the second initial support arch foot I and II in the upper left and upper right pilot tunnels of the arch cap is laid. Concrete is poured for the arch foot I and II. After the ③ pilot tunnel is excavated, the first initial support of the tunnel top is completed. Then, the steel mesh of the arch crown III of the arch cap is laid. Finally, the concrete of the arch crown III of the arch cap is poured. The arch formed by this method is three-sectioned. The steel bars between the arch foot I and II and III need to be welded, which weakens the strength of the arch. Moreover, the steel mesh needs to be tied on the spot. The station has a large cross section and can be as high as 20m to 30m. This is very dangerous for steelworkers. In addition, due to location restrictions, it is difficult to transport materials and equipment to the III section of the arch. The construction is difficult and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One aspect of the present invention is to provide a construction system for an integrated arch cover with double-layer initial support based on big data, so as to solve the problem of integrated arch cover forming construction in the double-layer initial support construction method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a solution as follows: a double-layer initial support integrated arch construction system based on big data, comprising a tunnel trolley and a lifting machine. The tunnel trolley includes a gantry, a main track, and a traveling system. The traveling system is mounted on the gantry and supported on the main track. An inner passage for the arch to pass through is formed on the inner side of the gantry. The lifting machine includes a lifting arm and a driver. One end of the lifting arm is hinged to the side of the gantry facing the working face. The driver is mounted on the gantry, and the actuator end of the driver is connected to the lifting arm to drive the free end of the lifting arm to swing up and down. A bracket is mounted on the free end of the lifting arm, and a rotating shaft is mounted on the bracket. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the free end of the lifting arm.

[0006] The working principle and beneficial effects of this scheme are as follows: at least the excavation of the upper steps ①②③ is completed, one initial support is completed, and the position of the arch cap is reserved (the arch foot support surface can be reinforced with grouting anchor pipes). A complete section of the arc-shaped arch cap steel mesh is processed or assembled in sections at a metal processing plant or on the side of the tunnel trolley away from the working face. Using transport vehicles, the arch cover steel mesh is transported from the passageway inside the gantry to the face of the tunnel face. The tunnel trolley is moved by the traveling system, leaving a distance of no less than the span of the arch cover between the tunnel trolley and the tunnel face. The drive unit moves the free end of the lifting arm downward, rotates the bracket so that the bracket rests on the inner side of the top of the arch cover steel mesh, and drives the lifting arm to lift the arch cover steel mesh. The traveling system then moves the tunnel trolley, gradually lifting the arch cover steel mesh to the part of the upper step pilot tunnel where the arch cover needs to be installed. When it is close to this part, the arch cover is rotated (about 90°) to be perpendicular to the tunnel excavation direction. After the lifting arm lifts the arch cover steel mesh to the installation position, the arch cover installation is completed. The arch cover steel mesh is fixed to the arch foot support surface. The tunnel trolley is moved to the bottom of the arch cover steel mesh, the arch cover formwork is erected, and the concrete is poured.

[0007] This invention utilizes a tunnel trolley to install the integrally formed arch cover steel mesh in one go. The operation is simple and efficient, ensuring the integrated structural strength of the arch cover, reducing the construction difficulty for workers, and guaranteeing construction safety.

[0008] Optionally, the system also includes a secondary track and an arch-shaped transport vehicle. The arch-shaped transport vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a fixed plate, and wheels. The wheels are supported on the secondary track and installed below the vehicle body. The fixed plate is fixed to the vehicle body and includes two pairs of parallel vertical plates. The secondary track is installed parallel to the main track on the floor of the passageway. The two arched feet of the arch-shaped steel mesh are inserted into the two pairs of vertical plates to prevent lateral tilting. Sleepers are wedged into both ends of the arched feet to prevent longitudinal movement of the arch-shaped steel mesh, thereby stably placing the arch-shaped steel mesh onto the arch-shaped transport vehicle for easy transport of the arch.

[0009] Optionally, the lifting arm includes a bracket cylinder and two lifting rods. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the bracket cylinder. One end of each lifting rod is hinged to the gantry, and an ear seat is fixed on the cylinder. The other end of each lifting rod is hinged to the ear seat. The lifting rods are parallel to each other. The actuator is a hydraulic cylinder, and the actuating end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the middle of one of the lifting rods. The lifting rods, bracket cylinder, and gantry form a parallelogram structure, which ensures the structural strength of the entire lifting arm and facilitates stability when lifting the arched steel mesh.

[0010] Optionally, an arc-shaped groove is formed on the inner wall of the bracket rotating cylinder, and a limit block is fixed circumferentially on the rotating shaft, with the limit block slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove. The arc-shaped groove and the limit block are used to limit the rotation angle of the rotating shaft relative to the bracket rotating cylinder.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a lifting seat, which is rotatably connected to the gantry, and the end of the lifting rod away from the bracket rotating cylinder is hinged to the lifting seat. This allows the lifting rod to swing horizontally, facilitating adjustment of the arch's horizontal position.

[0012] Optionally, the bracket is L-shaped, with a pin hole on the horizontal end of the bracket, into which a pin is inserted. The pin is used to limit the displacement of the arch cover steel mesh on the bracket, preventing the arch cover steel mesh from falling off.

[0013] Another aspect of this invention is to provide a construction method for a double-layer initial support integrated arch cap based on big data, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Obtain the parameter information of the arch cover steel mesh, and match the corresponding control data from the pre-stored construction database based on the parameter information. The control data includes the first preset height, the second preset height, the first preset distance, and the second preset distance.

[0015] S2. Receive loading command and control the lift to lower the lifting pole to the lowest height;

[0016] S3. Upon receiving the loading completion instruction, control the lifting machine to raise the lifting rod to the first preset height, and also control the tunnel trolley to move the tunnel face a first preset distance;

[0017] S4. Upon receiving the instruction that rotation is complete, control the lifting machine to raise the lifting rod to the second preset height, and also control the tunnel trolley to move in the opposite direction by the second preset distance;

[0018] S5. Upon receiving the distance adjustment command, control the tunnel trolley to move based on the distance adjustment command and record the adjusted distance;

[0019] S6. Calculate the actual moving distance of the tunnel trolley for each time based on the second preset distance and the adjusted distance;

[0020] S7. Calculate the average moving distance based on the actual moving distance each time, use the average moving distance as the new second preset distance, associate the new second preset distance with the parameter information of the arch cover steel mesh, and store it in the construction database.

[0021] Compared to the middle and lower steps of the pilot tunnel, the upper step has a larger space. In this scheme, the lifting machine raises the lifting rod to the first preset height, and the tunnel trolley moves to the working face a first preset distance, which allows the arch cover steel mesh to enter the upper step with a larger space, making it easier to rotate the arch cover steel mesh.

[0022] After rotating the arch reinforcement mesh, the operator inputs a completion command, and the lifting platform raises the lifting rod to the second preset height. The tunnel trolley then moves in the opposite direction a second preset distance to lift the arch reinforcement mesh to the installation position. Typically, automatically moving tunnel trolleys cannot achieve the required position for the arch reinforcement mesh in one go; therefore, the operator needs to input distance adjustment commands to control multiple movements of the tunnel trolley until the arch reinforcement mesh is positioned correctly. Such adjustments are time-consuming and affect construction efficiency. In this solution, by recording the adjustment distances, the actual movement distance of the tunnel trolley for each step can be calculated. After accumulating a large amount of actual movement distance data, the average movement distance calculated based on each actual movement distance allows the arch reinforcement mesh to be positioned closer to the required level. The larger the amount of data collected, the higher the accuracy, and the fewer or even no adjustments required by the operator, effectively improving construction efficiency.

[0023] Optionally, in step S1, the first preset height, the second preset height, the first preset distance, and the second preset distance are distances relative to the installation position of the arch cover;

[0024] In step S3, the loading completion command and arch measurement data are received. Based on the arch measurement data, the relative distance between the tunnel trolley and the arch installation position is calculated. The lifting machine is controlled to raise the lifting rod to the first preset height. The tunnel trolley is also controlled to move the tunnel face a first preset distance.

[0025] Since there will be errors in each construction of the arch end face, and the errors will accumulate after pouring multiple arches in succession, setting a relative distance instead of an absolute distance can effectively avoid the impact of the accumulation of errors on the first preset height, the second preset height, the first preset distance, and the second preset distance.

[0026] Optionally, in step S5, it is further determined whether the absolute value of the adjustment distance exceeds the threshold. If it does, the adjustment distance is recorded as an abnormal value and an alarm message is generated.

[0027] If the absolute value of the adjusted distance exceeds the threshold, it indicates that the current adjusted distance is too large. Possible causes include abnormalities in the previous arch pouring, abnormal distance detection, or improper operation by construction personnel. Generating an alarm message facilitates subsequent verification.

[0028] Optionally, the method also includes step S8: calculating the difference between the initial first preset distance and the second preset distance, adjusting the first preset distance based on the new second preset distance and the difference, using the adjusted first preset distance as the new first preset distance, associating the new first preset distance with the parameter information of the arch cover steel mesh, and storing it in the construction database.

[0029] Based on the new second preset distance, the first preset distance is adjusted simultaneously, which makes the first preset distance more in line with the actual situation. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the construction steps for the double-layer initial support construction method in related technologies;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the construction system for a double-layer initial support integrated arch based on big data in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the construction method for a double-layer initial support integrated arch based on big data in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the bracket rotating cylinder in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting machine in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0037] The markings in the accompanying drawings include: tunnel lining trolley 1, traveling wheel 101, main track 102, passageway 103, lifting machine 2, lifting rod 201, hydraulic cylinder 202, bracket rotating cylinder 203, bracket 204, rotating shaft 205, pin 206, sub-frame 207, arch cover steel mesh 3, primary support 4, arch cover 5, support frame 6, secondary track 7, arch cover transport vehicle 8, vehicle body 801, fixing plate 802, flat key 9, lifting seat cylinder 10.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This embodiment is basically as follows: Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown: A double-layer initial support integrated arch construction system based on big data includes a tunnel trolley and a lifting machine 2. The tunnel trolley is a tunnel lining trolley 1, which includes a gantry, a main track 102, and a traveling system. The main track 102 is laid parallel to the ground. The gantry includes horizontal and vertical frames, and the inner side of the gantry forms a passageway 103 for the arch 5 to pass through. The traveling system consists of traveling wheels 101, which are driven by a traveling motor. The traveling wheels 101 are installed below the vertical frames and supported on the main track 102.

[0040] The lifting machine 2 includes a lifting arm and a drive unit. A support frame 6 is vertically welded to the side of the gantry facing the working face. The support frame 6 is made of I-beams. The lifting arm includes a bracket 204, a bracket rotating cylinder 203, and two lifting rods 201. One end of the lifting rod 201 is hinged to the support frame 6. A lug is fixed on the rotating cylinder. The other end of the lifting rod 201 is hinged to the lug. The lifting rods 201 are parallel to each other. The drive unit is a hydraulic cylinder 202. The actuating end of the hydraulic cylinder 202 is hinged to the middle of one of the lifting rods 201. The mounting end of the hydraulic cylinder 202 is hinged to the support frame 6. A rotating shaft 205 is rotatably connected inside the bracket 204 and bracket rotating cylinder 203. The bracket 204 and bracket rotating cylinder 203 are connected to the rotating shaft 205 by a tapered roller bearing. The top of the rotating shaft 205 is fixed to the bracket 204, which is L-shaped. The bottom surface of the bracket 204 has a [-shaped sub-frame 207, the two ends of which are welded to the two ends of the rotating shaft 205. A pin 206 hole is opened on the horizontal end of the bracket 204, and a pin 206 is inserted into the pin 206 hole.

[0041] It also includes a secondary track 7 and an arch cover 5 arch cover transport vehicle 8. The secondary track 7 is parallel to the main track 102 and is installed on the ground within the passageway 103. The arch cover 5 arch cover transport vehicle 8 includes a vehicle body 801, a fixing plate 802, and traveling wheels 101. The fixing plate 802 is L-shaped, and reinforcing ribs are welded between the horizontal and vertical ends of the fixing plate 802. The traveling wheels 101 are supported on the secondary track 7 and are installed below the vehicle body 801. The horizontal ends of the fixing plates 802 are welded and fixed to the vehicle body 801, and the vertical ends of the fixing plates 802 are arranged in pairs, parallel to each other. The distance between the same pair of vertical ends is 2cm to 5cm wider than the width of the arch cover 5 arch cover steel mesh 3. At least one pair of sleepers is placed between each pair of fixing plates 802.

[0042] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0043] After the excavation of the pilot tunnels for the upper, middle, and lower steps is completed, the first initial support 4 is completed. The distance between the first initial support 4 and the arch cap 5 is not less than the span of the arch cap 5. During the first initial support 4, the arch foot support surface of the arch cap 5 is reinforced with grouting anchor pipes, and steel piles are embedded on the support surface.

[0044] After the binding of the arch cover 5 and arch cover steel mesh 3 is completed in the metal processing plant, the arch feet of the arch cover 5 and arch cover steel mesh 3 are hoisted downwards onto the arch cover 5 transport vehicle 8 using a crane. The two arch feet are placed between the two fixing plates 802 respectively, and each arch foot is wedged tightly on both sides with sleepers. A 20m long nylon rope is tied to each end of the arch foot. At this time, the arch cover 5 and arch cover steel mesh 3 form a 90° angle with its installation position.

[0045] The arch cover 5 transport vehicle 8 transports the arch cover 5 arch cover steel mesh 3 to the area between the tunnel lining trolley 1 and the working face. The end of the bracket 204 of the lifting machine 2 is lowered to its lowest position, the pin 206 on the bracket 204 is removed, the bracket 204 is rotated to the lower side of the middle of the arch cover 5 arch cover steel mesh 3, and then the bracket 204 is rotated again so that the vertical end of the bracket 204 is parallel to the side of the arch cover 5 arch cover steel mesh 3, and then the pin 206 is inserted. The actuator of hydraulic cylinder 202 extends, lifting boom 201. Tunnel lining trolley 1 moves towards the working face. When it is 2m ahead horizontally and 2m away vertically from the installation position of arch cover 5, two nylon ropes are pulled from opposite directions, causing arch cover 5, arch cover steel mesh 3, and bracket 204 to rotate 90° until they reach the installation position of arch cover 5. Tunnel lining trolley 1 then moves in the opposite direction, and lifter 2 continues to lift upwards until arch cover 5, arch cover steel mesh 3, reaches the installation position. Then, the arch foot of arch cover 5, arch cover steel mesh 3 is placed on the arch foot support surface, and the arch foot of arch cover 5, arch cover steel mesh 3 is welded to the reserved steel pile. Then, hydraulic cylinder retracts, lifter 2 descends, tunnel lining trolley 1 moves to below arch cover 5, arch cover steel mesh 3, erects the arch cover 5 formwork, completes concrete pouring and curing, and arch cover 5 is integrally formed.

[0046] By repeating the above steps, the arch cover 5 is installed and formed section by section, and the tunnel lining trolley 1 can be used to quickly and safely complete the one-piece forming construction of the arch cover 5.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the construction method of the double-layer initial support integrated arch cap based on big data in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. The control system acquires the parameter information of the arch cover 5 and the arch cover reinforcement mesh 3, and matches the corresponding control data from the pre-stored construction database based on the parameter information. The control data includes a first preset height, a second preset height, a first preset distance, and a second preset distance. In this embodiment, the control system is a PLC controller. The parameter information of the arch cover 5 and the arch cover reinforcement mesh 3 is input by the construction personnel. The parameter information includes the overall size of the reinforcement mesh, the diameter of the reinforcement bars, the longitudinal reinforcement spacing, the transverse reinforcement spacing, etc. The initial first preset height, second preset height, first preset distance, and second preset distance in the construction database need to be set in advance according to the actual construction situation of the tunnel. For example, the first preset distance is 2m ahead of the horizontal distance from the installation position of the arch cover 5 (based on the end face of the previously poured arch cover 5), and the first preset height is 2m above the top surface of the installation position of the arch cover 5.

[0049] S2. After receiving the loading command, the control system controls the lift 2 to lower the lifting rod 201 to the lowest height. In this embodiment, the loading control command is input by the construction personnel. For example, a physical first button is set on the lift 2. When the construction personnel press it, it is regarded as inputting the loading command. By controlling the retraction of the actuator of the hydraulic cylinder 202, the lifting rod 201 is lowered to the lowest height.

[0050] S3. The control system receives the loading completion command and the measurement data of the arch cover 5. Based on the measurement data of the arch cover 5, it calculates the relative distance between the tunnel trolley and the installation position of the arch cover 5, controls the lifting machine 2 to raise the lifting rod 201 to the first preset height, and also controls the tunnel trolley to move the first preset distance towards the working face. In this embodiment, the input method of the loading completion command is the same as the input method of the loading command. The measurement data of the arch cover 5 includes the distance between the reference point of the tunnel trolley and the end face of the previously poured arch cover 5, and the distance between the reference point and the top surface of the installation position of the arch cover 5. Through the distance between the reference point and the end face of the previously poured arch cover 5, and the distance between the reference point and the top surface of the installation position of the arch cover 5, the relative positional relationship between the tunnel trolley and the installation position of the arch cover 5 can be obtained. The reference point is marked on the tunnel trolley in advance, and the construction personnel can measure the distance using a laser rangefinder and then input it. In other words, the first preset height, the second preset height, the first preset distance, and the second preset distance are all relative distances to the installation position of the arch cover 5. Since there will be errors in the construction of each arch 5 end face, the errors will accumulate after pouring multiple arch 5s in succession. Setting a relative distance instead of an absolute distance can effectively avoid the impact of the accumulation of errors on the first preset height, the second preset height, the first preset distance and the second preset distance.

[0051] The tunnel trolley is controlled to move towards the working face, specifically by the travel motor driving the travel wheels 101. Since the diameter of the travel wheels 101 is fixed, the travel distance of the tunnel trolley can be calculated by measuring the number of rotations of the travel wheels 101 using Hall sensors.

[0052] Compared to the middle and lower steps of the pilot tunnel, the upper step has a larger space, allowing the lifting machine 2 to raise the lifting rod 201 to the first preset height. The tunnel trolley moves the tunnel face a first preset distance, allowing the arch cover 5 and arch cover steel mesh 3 to enter the upper step with a larger space, which facilitates the rotation of the arch cover 5 and arch cover steel mesh 3.

[0053] S4. After receiving the rotation completion command, the control system controls the lifting machine 2 to raise the lifting rod 201 to the second preset height, and also controls the tunnel trolley to move in the opposite direction by the second preset distance. In this embodiment, the input method of the rotation completion command is the same as the input method of the loading command.

[0054] S5. After receiving the distance adjustment command, the control system controls the tunnel trolley to move based on the command and records the adjusted distance. It also determines whether the absolute value of the adjusted distance exceeds a preset warning value. If it does, the adjusted distance is marked as an abnormal value, and an alarm message is generated. In this embodiment, the distance adjustment command is input by the construction personnel. For example, physical forward and backward buttons are set on the tunnel trolley (moving towards the working face is forward). When the construction personnel press the corresponding button, the tunnel trolley moves in the corresponding direction. When the construction personnel release the button, the tunnel trolley stops moving.

[0055] S6. The control system calculates the actual moving distance of the tunnel trolley for each time based on the second preset distance and the adjustment distance; in this embodiment, the adjustment distance marked as an outlier is not calculated.

[0056] S7. The control system also calculates the average moving distance based on the actual moving distance each time, uses the average moving distance as the new second preset distance, associates the new second preset distance with the parameter information of the arch cover 5 and the arch cover steel mesh 3, and stores it in the construction database.

[0057] S8, Step S8, Calculate the difference between the initial first preset distance and the second preset distance, adjust the first preset distance based on the new second preset distance and the difference, use the adjusted first preset distance as the new first preset distance, associate the new first preset distance with the parameter information of the arch cover 5 and the arch cover steel mesh 3, and store it in the construction database.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: a 90° arc-shaped groove is opened on the inner wall of the bracket 204 and the bracket rotating cylinder 203, and a keyway is opened on one side of the rotating shaft 205 along the length direction. A flat key 9 is installed in the keyway and is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove. The support frame 6 is made of a round tube and also includes a lifting seat 10. The lifting seat 10 is rotatably connected to the support frame 6 on the coaxial axis, and the end of the lifting rod 201 away from the bracket 204 and the bracket rotating cylinder 203 is hinged to the lifting seat 10.

[0060] The cooperation between the arc-shaped groove and the flat key 9 allows the bracket 204 to rotate only 90° relative to the bracket 204 rotating cylinder 203, enabling the arch cover 5 and arch cover steel mesh 3 to be rotated as quickly as possible. Furthermore, to ensure that the bracket 204 can be positioned directly below the center point of the arch cover 5 and arch cover steel mesh 3 during installation, and to maintain the balance of the arch cover 5 and arch cover steel mesh 3 during lifting, the arch cover 5 and arch cover steel mesh 3 need to be horizontally swung at a certain angle when aligning it to the installation position. Therefore, the rotation of the lifting seat cylinder 10 relative to the support frame 6 enables the horizontal swing adjustment of the lifting machine 2.

[0061] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. The invention is not limited to the fields covered by these embodiments. Commonly known structures and characteristics in the solutions are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are able to access all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims. The specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the claims.

Claims

1. A construction method for a double-layer initial support integrated arch cap based on big data, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the parameter information of the arch cover steel mesh, and match the corresponding control data from the pre-stored construction database based on the parameter information. The control data includes the first preset height, the second preset height, the first preset distance, and the second preset distance. S2. Receive loading command and control the lift to lower the lifting pole to the lowest height; S3. Upon receiving the loading completion instruction, control the lifting machine to raise the lifting rod to the first preset height, and also control the tunnel trolley to move the tunnel face a first preset distance; S4. Upon receiving the instruction that rotation is complete, control the lifting machine to raise the lifting rod to the second preset height, and also control the tunnel trolley to move in the opposite direction by the second preset distance; S5. Upon receiving the distance adjustment command, control the tunnel trolley to move based on the distance adjustment command and record the adjusted distance; S6. Calculate the actual moving distance of the tunnel trolley for each time based on the second preset distance and the adjusted distance; S7. Calculate the average moving distance based on the actual moving distance each time, use the average moving distance as the new second preset distance, associate the new second preset distance with the parameter information of the arch cover steel mesh, and store it in the construction database.

2. The construction method for a double-layer initial support integrated arch cap based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the first preset height, the second preset height, the first preset distance, and the second preset distance are distances relative to the installation position of the arch cover; In step S3, the loading completion command and arch measurement data are received. Based on the arch measurement data, the relative distance between the tunnel trolley and the arch installation position is calculated. The lifting machine is controlled to raise the lifting rod to the first preset height. The tunnel trolley is also controlled to move the tunnel face a first preset distance.

3. The construction method for a double-layer initial support integrated arch cap based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, it is also determined whether the absolute value of the adjustment distance exceeds the threshold. If it does, the adjustment distance is recorded as an abnormal value and an alarm message is generated.

4. The construction method for a double-layer initial support integrated arch cap based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes the following steps: S8. Calculate the difference between the initial first preset distance and the second preset distance, adjust the first preset distance based on the new second preset distance and the difference, use the adjusted first preset distance as the new first preset distance, associate the new first preset distance with the parameter information of the arch cover steel mesh, and store it in the construction database.

5. A construction system for implementing the construction method of claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes a tunnel trolley and a lifting machine. The tunnel trolley includes a gantry, a main track, and a traveling system. The traveling system is mounted on the gantry and supported on the main track. The inner side of the gantry forms a passageway for the arch to pass through. The lifting machine includes a lifting arm and a drive unit. One end of the lifting arm is hinged to the side of the gantry facing the working face. The drive unit is mounted on the gantry. The actuator end of the drive unit is connected to the lifting arm to drive the free end of the lifting arm to swing up and down. A bracket is mounted on the free end of the lifting arm, and a rotating shaft is mounted on the bracket. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the free end of the lifting arm. It also includes a secondary track and an arch transport vehicle. The arch transport vehicle includes a car body, a fixed plate, and traveling wheels. The traveling wheels are supported on the secondary track and installed under the car body. The fixed plate is fixed to the car body and includes two pairs of parallel vertical plates.

6. The construction system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting arm includes a bracket drum and two lifting rods. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the bracket drum. One end of the lifting rod is hinged to the gantry. A lug is fixed on the drum, and the other end of the lifting rod is hinged to the lug. The lifting rods are parallel to each other. The driver is a hydraulic cylinder, and the actuating end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the middle of one of the lifting rods.

7. The construction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: An arc-shaped groove is opened on the inner wall of the bracket rotating cylinder, and a limit block is fixed along the circumference on the rotating shaft. The limit block is slidably connected in the arc-shaped groove.

8. The construction system according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a lifting seat, which is rotatably connected to the gantry, and the end of the lifting rod away from the bracket rotating cylinder is hinged to the lifting seat.

9. The construction system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bracket is L-shaped, and a pin hole is opened on the horizontal end of the bracket, into which a pin is inserted.

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