Dual-purpose hydrogen absorption machine for pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen

Abstract

The application discloses a pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen dual-purpose hydrogen suction machine, and particularly relates to the technical field of hydrogen suction machines, which comprises a hydrogen suction machine main body, two gas storage tank bodies, a fixing mechanism and a supporting mechanism, gas outlets are formed in the top ends of the two gas storage tank bodies, control valves are arranged on the two gas outlet pipes, the fixing mechanism comprises a mounting frame, horizontal mounting grooves one are formed in the left and right sides of the mounting frame, double-rotation threaded rods are rotatably arranged in the two horizontal mounting grooves one, clamping plates are arranged on the left and right sides of the mounting frame, longitudinal mounting grooves are formed in the left and right sides of the mounting frame, rotating rods are arranged in the two longitudinal mounting grooves, a horizontal mounting groove two is formed in the bottom of the mounting frame, and a transmission rod is arranged in the horizontal mounting groove two. The two gas storage tank bodies can be operated separately, the clamping of the hydrogen suction machine main body can be quickly realized, and the stability of the hydrogen suction machine main body during use is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen absorption machine technology, and more specifically, to a hydrogen absorption machine that can be used for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen. Background Technology

[0002] As we all know, the human body is composed of cells. Human diseases can ultimately be attributed to cell damage, and human aging is also caused by cell aging or necrosis. The main culprit causing cell pathology or aging is malignant reactive oxygen species (ROS). The safest, most reliable, and most effective way to eliminate malignant ROS is to use hydrogen to neutralize malignant ROS, thereby eliminating oxygen free radicals.

[0003] Hydrogen inhalation machines can be divided into pure hydrogen type and hydrogen-oxygen mixed type. Both are manufactured using water electrolysis. The hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas is produced by collecting hydrogen and oxygen from water decomposition together, while the pure hydrogen type is produced by using hydrogen-oxygen separation technology to separate and release oxygen as a byproduct into the air, aiming to obtain sufficiently pure hydrogen. For people with impaired lung function, the hydrogen-oxygen mixed type is more suitable, while those seeking anti-aging, sub-health, or chronic diseases can choose the pure hydrogen type.

[0004] Most existing hydrogen absorption machines have simple structures, only capable of providing pure hydrogen gas or a hydrogen-oxygen mixture. Furthermore, they lack a securing device during use, meaning that accidental bumps can cause the machine to tip over, damaging it and affecting its normal operation. To address these problems, this device was invented. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydrogen absorption machine that can supply both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen gases. This addresses the problem that existing hydrogen absorption machines only provide pure hydrogen gas or a hydrogen-oxygen mixture, and lack a fixing device during use, which could cause the machine to tip over if accidentally bumped.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a hydrogen absorption machine for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen applications, comprising:

[0007] The hydrogen absorption machine body has an internal receiving slot, and a door is hinged to the rear end of the hydrogen absorption machine body.

[0008] The hydrogen absorption machine that can absorb both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen also includes:

[0009] Two gas storage tanks are arranged side by side. Each of the two gas storage tanks has a gas outlet at its top. A gas outlet pipe is installed in the gas outlet. A control valve is installed on each of the two gas outlet pipes. A connecting hose is fixedly connected to the top of each of the two gas outlet pipes.

[0010] The fixing mechanism includes a mounting frame. Each side of the mounting frame has a transverse mounting slot. A double-threaded rod is rotatably mounted in each of the two transverse mounting slots. Movable seats are threaded to the front and rear sides of each double-threaded rod. Clamping plates are provided on both the left and right sides inside the mounting frame. Two fixed seats are fixedly mounted on the outer sides of each clamping plate. A connecting rod is movably mounted between the fixed seats and the movable seats. A first reduction motor is located on the left side of the mounting frame, and its output end is sleeved with a... The first pulley, the second pulley is sleeved at the rear end of the double-helical threaded rod on the left, the first transmission belt is provided between the first pulley and the second pulley, the mounting frame has longitudinal mounting grooves on both the left and right sides, the two longitudinal mounting grooves are provided with rotating rods, the middle position of the double-helical threaded rod is sleeved with a first bevel gear, the top of the rotating rod is sleeved with a second bevel gear, the bottom of the rotating rod is sleeved with a fourth bevel gear, the bottom of the mounting frame has a second transverse mounting groove, the second transverse mounting groove is provided with a transmission rod, the left and right ends of the transmission rod are sleeved with third bevel gears;

[0011] Support mechanism, which is used to support the fixed mechanism.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a door handle is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the cabinet door.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the height of the movable seat is the same as the height of the transverse mounting slot.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the two movable seats threaded together on the same double-threaded rod are arranged symmetrically front to back.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, a fixing block is integrally installed inside the second transverse mounting groove, the fixing block is located in the middle position inside the second transverse mounting groove, and the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the fixing block.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, a motor mounting plate is fixedly installed on the left side of the mounting frame. The motor mounting plate has an L-shaped structure, and the first geared motor is fixedly installed on the motor mounting plate.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, mounting plates are integrally connected to both the left and right sides of the mounting frame, and mounting holes are provided on the mounting plates, with bolts installed in the mounting holes.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the support mechanism includes a receiving pad, a support column fixedly installed on the lower surface of the receiving pad, a threaded hole inside the support column, a fixed base plate below the receiving pad, a screw rotatably installed on the fixed base plate, a third pulley sleeved on the bottom of the screw, a second reduction motor provided on the right side of the fixed base plate, a fourth pulley sleeved on the output end of the second reduction motor, and a second transmission belt provided between the third pulley and the fourth pulley.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, limiting plates are fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the bottom of the supporting column, and limiting holes are opened on both limiting plates. Two limiting rods are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixed base plate, and the two limiting rods pass through the two limiting holes respectively.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, casters are fixedly installed at the four corners of the lower surface of the fixed base plate.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. This invention sets up two gas storage tanks and two control valves. During use, the opening and closing of the two control valves can be controlled according to actual usage needs, so that the gas storage tank on the left for storing pure hydrogen gas and the gas storage tank on the right for storing hydrogen and oxygen gas can operate separately.

[0023] 2. This invention, through the setting of a fixing mechanism, activates the first reduction motor during use, realizing the rotation of the left double-helix threaded rod. Under the connection action of the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the third bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear, the right double-helix threaded rod rotates synchronously. During the rotation of the two double-helix threaded rods, the two moving seats on each double-helix threaded rod move towards each other, thereby realizing the movement of the clamping plates on the left and right sides towards each other, realizing the clamping of the hydrogen absorption machine body, ensuring the stability of the hydrogen absorption machine body during use, improving the installation and disassembly efficiency of the hydrogen absorption machine body, and the fixing mechanism ensures the stability of the hydrogen absorption machine body during use.

[0024] 3. By setting up a support mechanism, the second reduction motor is started during use to realize the rotation of the screw. During the rotation of the screw, the threaded receiving plate will drive the fixing mechanism and the hydrogen inhalation machine body to move longitudinally, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the hydrogen inhalation machine body, which makes it easier for medical staff to use the hydrogen inhalation machine body to treat patients of different heights. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of region A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention after the hydrogen absorption machine body has been removed. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention after the hydrogen absorption machine body has been removed. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the hydrogen absorption machine of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the hydrogen absorption machine after the door has been removed according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a bottom view of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 1. Hydrogen absorption machine body; 2. Receiving tank; 3. Gas storage box; 4. Gas outlet pipe; 5. Box door; 6. Control valve; 7. Connecting hose; 8. Fixing mechanism; 801. Double-threaded rod; 802. Mounting frame; 803. Moving seat; 804. Clamping plate; 805. Fixed seat; 806. Connecting rod; 807. Rotating rod; 808. First bevel gear; 809. Second bevel gear; 810. Third bevel gear; 811. Transmission rod; 812. First geared motor; 813. Fourth bevel gear; 814. 815. First transmission belt; 816. First pulley; 9. Door handle; 10. Support mechanism; 1001. Receiving pad; 1002. Support column; 1003. Fixed base plate; 1004. Screw; 1005. Second geared motor; 1006. Third pulley; 1007. Fourth pulley; 1008. Second transmission belt; 1009. Limiting plate; 1010. Limiting rod; 11. Fixing block; 12. Motor fixing plate; 13. Mounting plate; 14. Bolt; 15. Moving wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] See attached document Figures 1-8 This embodiment of a hydrogen absorption machine for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen uses includes a main body 1, two gas storage tanks 3, and a fixing mechanism 8.

[0042] The main body 1 of the hydrogen absorption machine has an internal receiving tank 2, and two gas storage boxes 3 are arranged side by side. Both gas storage boxes 3 are located inside the receiving tank 2. The gas storage box 3 on the left stores pure hydrogen gas, and the gas storage box 3 on the right stores hydrogen-oxygen gas. Both gas storage boxes 3 have an inflation hole on their rear side, and an inflation pipe is installed in the inflation hole. The inflation pipe is threaded with a cap. Both gas storage boxes 3 have an exhaust hole at their top, and an exhaust pipe 4 is installed in the exhaust hole. Both exhaust pipes 4 are equipped with control valves 6, and both exhaust pipes 4 are fixedly connected to a connecting hose 7 at their top. During use, medical personnel can control the opening and closing of the two control valves 6 according to actual needs. When the left control valve 6 is opened and the right control valve 6 is closed, the pure hydrogen gas inside the left gas storage tank 3 can flow out along the left outlet pipe 4 and the left connecting hose 7. When the right control valve 6 is opened and the left control valve 6 is closed, the hydrogen and oxygen gas inside the right gas storage tank 3 can flow out along the right outlet pipe 4 and the left connecting hose 7. The rear end of the hydrogen inhalation machine body 1 is hinged with a door 5, and a door handle 9 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the door 5.

[0043] The hydrogen absorption machine body 1 is housed inside the fixing mechanism 8. The fixing mechanism 8 includes a mounting frame 802, the longitudinal section of which is U-shaped. Horizontal mounting slots are provided on both the left and right sides of the mounting frame 802. Double-threaded rods 801 are rotatably mounted in each of the two horizontal mounting slots. A first reduction motor 812 is located on the left side of the mounting frame 802. A motor mounting plate 12, which is L-shaped, is fixedly mounted on the left side of the mounting frame 802, thereby ensuring the first… The stability of the geared motor 812 during operation is as follows: the output end of the first geared motor 812 is sleeved with a first pulley 816, and the rear end of the double-helical threaded rod 801 on the left is sleeved with a second pulley 814. A first transmission belt 815 is provided between the first pulley 816 and the second pulley 814. During use, when the operator starts the first geared motor 812, the output end of the first geared motor 812 drives the first pulley 816 to rotate. Under the connection of the first transmission belt 815, the second pulley 814 will drive the double-helical threaded rod 801 on the left to rotate.

[0044] The double-threaded rod 801 is threaded with movable seats 803 on both its front and rear sides. The two movable seats 803 threaded on the same double-threaded rod 801 are symmetrically arranged front and rear. The height of the movable seats 803 is the same as the height of the first transverse mounting groove, thereby limiting the movement of the movable seats 803 and ensuring that the movable seats 803 can move along the first transverse mounting groove during the rotation of the double-threaded rod 801. The mounting frame 802 is provided with clamping plates 804 on both the left and right sides. Two fixed seats 805 are fixedly installed on the outer side of each clamping plate 804. The two fixed seats 805 fixedly installed on each clamping plate 804 are symmetrically arranged front and rear. The two movable seats 803 and the two fixed seats 805 on the same side are symmetrically arranged left and right. A connecting rod 806 is movably installed between the fixed seats 805 and the movable seats 803.

[0045] The mounting frame 802 has longitudinal mounting slots on both the left and right sides, which are connected to the transverse mounting slots on the left and right sides respectively. A rotating rod 807 is installed in each of the two longitudinal mounting slots, and the rotating rod 807 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 802. A first bevel gear 808 is sleeved in the middle of the double-helical threaded rod 801, and a second bevel gear 809 is sleeved on the top of the rotating rod 807. The first bevel gear 808 and the second bevel gear 809 on the same side mesh with each other. A fourth bevel gear 813 is sleeved on the bottom of the rotating rod 807. A second transverse mounting slot is opened at the bottom of the mounting frame 802, which is connected to the longitudinal mounting slots on the left and right sides. A transmission rod 811 is installed inside the second transverse mounting slot, and a third bevel gear 810 is sleeved on both the left and right ends of the transmission rod 811. The third bevel gear 810 and the fourth bevel gear 813 on the same side mesh with each other.

[0046] During operation, the left-side double-threaded rod 801 rotates under the drive of the first reduction motor 812. As the left-side double-threaded rod 801 rotates, its first bevel gear 808 rotates, thereby causing the left-side second bevel gear 809 to rotate. The left-side second bevel gear 809 drives the left-side rotating rod 807 to rotate. During this rotation, the fourth bevel gear 813 at the bottom of the left-side rotating rod 807 rotates synchronously. Because the third bevel gear 810 meshes with the fourth bevel gear 813, the transmission rod 811 rotates, thereby causing the right-side rotating rod 807 to rotate, thus achieving... The rotation of the double-threaded rod 801 on the right side causes the two movable seats 803 threaded on each double-threaded rod 801 to move in opposite directions during the rotation. Under the connecting action of the connecting rod 806, the clamping plates 804 on the left and right sides move in opposite directions, thereby clamping the hydrogen absorption machine body 1, ensuring the stability of the hydrogen absorption machine body 1 during use, and making installation quick and easy to disassemble, thus improving the installation and disassembly efficiency of the hydrogen absorption machine body 1. Because the hydrogen absorption machine body is clamped, the stability of the hydrogen absorption machine body during use is ensured, preventing it from tipping over.

[0047] A fixing block 11 is integrally installed inside the second transverse mounting groove. The fixing block 11 is located in the middle position inside the second transverse mounting groove. The transmission rod 811 is rotatably connected to the fixing block 11. The fixing block 11 ensures the structural stability of the transmission rod 811 during use.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] See attached document Figure 9 This embodiment is a hydrogen absorption machine for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen. The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that a support mechanism 10 is provided in this embodiment. The support mechanism 10 is used to support the fixing mechanism 8. In this embodiment, the support mechanism 10 is a rectangular block. The mounting frame 802 is integrally connected to the left and right sides with mounting plates 13. The mounting plates 13 are provided with mounting holes, and bolts 14 are provided in the mounting holes. During use, the mounting frame 802 and the support mechanism 10 are connected by bolts 14 to ensure the structural stability of the fixing mechanism 8 during use.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] See attached document Figure 10 and Figure 11This embodiment is a hydrogen absorption machine for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen dual-use. This embodiment is a further optimization of the support mechanism 10 in embodiment 2. In this embodiment, the support mechanism 10 includes a receiving pad 1001. A support column 1002 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the receiving pad 1001. The support column 1002 has a rectangular structure and a threaded hole is opened inside the support column 1002. A fixed base plate 1003 is provided below the receiving pad 1001. A screw 1004 is rotatably installed on the fixed base plate 1003. The support column 1002 is threadedly connected to the screw 1004.

[0052] The bottom of the screw 1004 is fitted with a third pulley 1006. A second reduction motor 1005 is provided on the right side of the fixed base plate 1003. A motor mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the right side of the fixed base plate 1003. The second reduction motor 1005 is fixedly installed on the motor mounting bracket. A fourth pulley 1007 is fitted on the output end of the second reduction motor 1005. A second transmission belt 1008 is provided between the third pulley 1006 and the fourth pulley 1007.

[0053] Limiting plates 1009 are fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the bottom of the supporting column 1002. Limiting holes are opened on both limiting plates 1009. Two limiting rods 1010 are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixed base plate 1003. The diameter of the limiting rods 1010 is the same as the diameter of the limiting holes. A top plate is integrally installed on the top of each of the two limiting rods 1010. The top plate is used to achieve the limiting effect. The two limiting rods 1010 pass through the two limiting holes respectively.

[0054] During use, the staff starts the second reduction motor 1005. The output end of the second reduction motor 1005 drives the fourth pulley 1007 to rotate. Under the connection of the second transmission belt 1008, the third pulley 1006 rotates, thereby driving the screw 1004 to rotate. During the rotation of the screw 1004, the threaded support column 1002 will drive the receiving pad 1001, the fixing mechanism 8 and the hydrogen inhalation machine body 1 to move longitudinally, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the hydrogen inhalation machine body 1, which makes it easier for medical staff to use the hydrogen inhalation machine body 1 to treat patients of different heights.

[0055] The fixed base plate 1003 is equipped with four casters 15 at the four corners of its lower surface, which facilitates the movement of the device and improves its flexibility.

[0056] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen absorption device for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen, comprising: The hydrogen absorption machine body (1) has an internal receiving slot (2), and a door (5) is hinged to the rear end of the hydrogen absorption machine body (1). The hydrogen absorption machine, characterized in that it can be used for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen absorption, further includes: Two gas storage boxes (3) are arranged side by side. Each of the two gas storage boxes (3) has an air outlet at the top. An air outlet pipe (4) is installed in the air outlet. Each of the two air outlet pipes (4) is equipped with a control valve (6). A connecting hose (7) is fixedly connected to the top of each of the two air outlet pipes (4). The fixing mechanism (8) is provided with the hydrogen absorption machine body (1) inside the fixing mechanism (8). The fixing mechanism (8) includes a mounting frame (802). The mounting frame (802) has horizontal mounting slots on both the left and right sides. A double-threaded rod (801) is rotatably installed in each of the two horizontal mounting slots. A movable seat (803) is threaded to both the front and rear sides of the double-threaded rod (801). A clamping plate (804) is provided on both the left and right sides inside the mounting frame (802). Two fixed seats (805) are fixedly installed on the outer sides of the two clamping plates (804). A connecting rod (806) is movably installed between the fixed seat (805) and the movable seat (803). A first reduction motor (812) is provided on the left side of the mounting frame (802). The output end of the first reduction motor (812) is sleeved with a first reduction motor (806). A pulley (816) is provided. A second pulley (814) is sleeved at the rear end of the double-helical threaded rod (801) on the left side. A first transmission belt (815) is provided between the first pulley (816) and the second pulley (814). The mounting frame (802) has longitudinal mounting grooves on both the left and right sides. A rotating rod (807) is provided in each of the two longitudinal mounting grooves. A first bevel gear (808) is sleeved in the middle of the double-helical threaded rod (801). A second bevel gear (809) is sleeved at the top of the rotating rod (807). A fourth bevel gear (813) is sleeved at the bottom of the rotating rod (807). A second transverse mounting groove is provided at the bottom of the mounting frame (802). A transmission rod (811) is provided inside the second transverse mounting groove. A third bevel gear (810) is sleeved at both the left and right ends of the transmission rod (811). Support mechanism (10) is used to support the fixed mechanism (8); The support mechanism (10) includes a receiving pad (1001), a support column (1002) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the receiving pad (1001), the support column (1002) has a threaded hole inside, a fixed base plate (1003) is provided below the receiving pad (1001), a screw (1004) is rotatably installed on the fixed base plate (1003), a third pulley (1006) is sleeved at the bottom of the screw (1004), a second reduction motor (1005) is provided on the right side of the fixed base plate (1003), a fourth pulley (1007) is sleeved at the output end of the second reduction motor (1005), and a second transmission belt (1008) is provided between the third pulley (1006) and the fourth pulley (1007). The support column (1002) has two limiting plates (1009) fixedly installed on the left and right sides of its bottom. Each of the two limiting plates (1009) has a limiting hole. Two limiting rods (1010) are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the fixed base plate (1003). The two limiting rods (1010) pass through the two limiting holes respectively.

2. The hydrogen absorption machine for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen dual-purpose applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: A door handle (9) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the box door (5).

3. The hydrogen absorption machine for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the movable seat (803) is the same as the height of the horizontal mounting slot.

4. The hydrogen absorption machine for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen dual-purpose applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two movable seats (803) connected by threads on the same double-threaded rod (801) are arranged symmetrically front and back.

5. A hydrogen absorption machine for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen dual-purpose applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing block (11) is integrally installed inside the second horizontal mounting groove. The fixing block (11) is located in the middle position inside the second horizontal mounting groove. The transmission rod (811) is rotatably connected to the fixing block (11).

6. A hydrogen absorption machine for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen dual-purpose applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: A motor mounting plate (12) is fixedly installed on the left side of the mounting frame (802). The motor mounting plate (12) has an L-shaped structure, and the first geared motor (812) is fixedly installed on the motor mounting plate (12).

7. A hydrogen absorption machine for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen dual-purpose applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame (802) is integrally connected to the mounting plates (13) on both the left and right sides. The mounting plates (13) have mounting holes and bolts (14) are installed in the mounting holes.

8. A hydrogen absorption machine for both pure hydrogen and hydrogen-oxygen dual-purpose applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed base plate (1003) has four fixed casters (15) at the four corners of its lower surface.

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