A new technology and equipment system for A+B lane filling mining of side coal

Abstract

The present invention discloses a new technology for mining the side coal of A+B lanes by backfilling. The technology utilizes continuous mining machines and coal conveyor belt mining equipment in cooperation with a shield support system to form a new mode of remote-controlled side coal mining, support and filling under shield support, i.e., forming a new technology of "coal mining in lane A - shield support - tunneling lane B along the edge of lane A - side roof plate rising to support lane B roof - remote-controlled filling of A+B lanes with waste grouting - synchronous shield removal". The new technology proposed in the present invention is a new technology for mining, supporting and filling the side coal of open-pit mines, i.e., recovery is carried out without permanent support, which greatly reduces safety hazards, ensures the safety of operators, greatly improves the filling rate and filling strength, solves the bottleneck problem that both conventional support methods and filling methods limit the efficient coal mining speed, achieves the goal of efficient mining, realizes safe and efficient mining and filling of side coal, and improves the resource recovery rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of coal mine filling mining, and in particular to a new process for A+B lane filling mining of side coal and an equipment system thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sidewall coal accounts for 5% to 16% of the total reserves. A small number of open-pit coal mines attempt to mine sidewall coal, but generally do not adopt support recovery, but recover without support, which poses great safety hazards and does not guarantee the safety of workers during operation. Therefore, the existing sidewall coal mining and filling processes and equipment have certain limitations and cannot meet the requirements of safe and efficient on-site construction. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a new process for A+B tunnel filling and mining side coal and its equipment system. The process is simple to operate, safe and reliable, and has high filling efficiency. It can safely and efficiently recover side coal pillars and digest a large amount of coal gangue, thereby contributing to the practice of the green development concept.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A new technology for mining side coal by backfilling in A+B lanes, the technology comprises the following steps:

[0006] 1) The tunnel is excavated in two stages, namely, tunnel A and tunnel B. Tunnel B is excavated along the edge of tunnel A;

[0007] A Lane Coal Mining - Withdrawal of Mining Equipment: Use continuous mining machine, coal conveyor belt and dust removal blower to mine A Lane, the excavation section is 2-6 meters wide and 2.0-6.5 meters high. When the excavation length of A Lane reaches the designed length, withdraw the mining equipment;

[0008] 2) A Lane support: Use a special shield vehicle to install the shield bracket, and the shield bracket supports A Lane, and is installed sequentially from the outside to the inside until the innermost part of A Lane;

[0009] 3) B Lane Coal Mining: B Lane is mined with continuous miners, coal conveyor belts and dust removal blowers, with the excavation section being 2-6 meters wide and 2.0-6.5 meters high;

[0010] 4) B Lane support: As B Lane is excavated, the top plate on the right side of the shield support is raised to support the top plate of B Lane, completing the support of A and B Lanes;

[0011] 5) Withdraw mining equipment from Lane B: After the excavation length of Lane B reaches the designed length, withdraw the mining equipment and complete the mining of Lanes A and B;

[0012] 6) Filling of A and B lanes: The width of both sides of A and B lanes are filled with gangue, loess, slag, sand or gravel, etc. External gangue conveyor belts and gangue grouting integrated vehicles are arranged in A and B lanes. Gangue outside the tunnel is transported to the low-speed gangue conveyor belt of the gangue grouting integrated vehicle through the external gangue conveyor belt, and then transported to the high-speed gangue conveyor belt. The shotcrete outside the tunnel is transported to the shotcrete machine through pipelines. The gangue grouting integrated vehicle sprays the gangue while spraying, and uses a tamping mechanism to tamp at the same time to ensure that the cross-section of A and B lanes is densely filled, until the filling of A and B lanes is completed and all equipment is withdrawn from the tunnel;

[0013] 7) Mechanical sealing and grouting: Repeat the process until the tunnel openings of Lanes A and B are filled. Use a slurry blocking device to seal the tunnels, and then perform grouting until Lanes A and B are completely filled.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in step 2), when supporting Lane A, the special shield vehicle first installs the first shield bracket from the door opening position of Lane A. After it is in place, the top beam of the shield bracket is horizontally extended, and the column at the bottom of the shield bracket is raised, so that the top beam forms a support for the roof of Lane A; the top plate and coal retaining plate on the shield bracket form support and blocking for the collapsed coal body of Lane B.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in step 3), when excavating the B lane, the mining equipment is at a distance from the shield support installed in the A lane, and there is no scratch on the shield support installed in the A lane; during step 4), when supporting, the top beam flipping cylinder on the shield support is actuated to push the top beam connecting rod mechanism, so that the top plate supports the excavated top plate of the B lane.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in step 6), after the mining equipment is removed, the shield-specialized vehicle enters into the A lane and arrives under the innermost shield support of the working face support. At the same time, the waste rock throwing and grouting integrated vehicle of the B lane has been in place to the waste rock filling operation point of the B lane. After the waste rock throwing and grouting integrated vehicle arrives at the innermost working location, the top beam flipping cylinder of the shield support drives the top beam connecting rod mechanism to drive the top guard plate to rotate and fold downward, the column descends, and the top beam telescopic cylinder is retracted to complete the overall contraction of the shield support. The shield-specialized vehicle removes it, and the cycle is repeated until all the shield supports are removed.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 6), the waste rock throwing and grouting integrated vehicle throws the waste rock while spraying grouting. After the pile reaches 2-6 meters, the lower compacting mechanism of the waste rock throwing and grouting integrated vehicle is activated to push the waste rock to be dense. After the pile gradually increases, the upper compacting mechanism of the waste rock throwing and grouting integrated vehicle is activated to push the waste rock to be dense. The waste rock throwing belt is driven by the rotating platform to fill the width of both sides of A and B lanes with waste rock. When the collapsed pile is formed close to the top plate, spraying and compaction are carried out.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in step 6), when the filling density reaches the requirement, the driving platform drives the gangue grouting integrated vehicle to retreat; the shield special vehicle locates and removes the shield bracket and puts it on the transport vehicle, which transports it to the next support work point.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in step 7), three grouting plastic pipes are fixed at the shoulders and directly above the openings of the A and B lanes to lead out of the cave, or one grouting plastic pipe is fixed directly above the openings of the A and B lanes to lead out of the cave; a wind tube cloth is placed outside the opening, and then the opening is sealed with a grouting blocking device, and the grouting pump grouts the openings of the A and B lanes through the reserved grouting plastic pipes for reinforcement.

[0020] An equipment system for filling and mining side coal in A+B lanes, the equipment system comprising a mining system, a shield support system and a filling system;

[0021] The mining system includes a dust removal fan, a coal conveyor belt and a continuous miner; the continuous miner is used for tunnel excavation, the coal conveyor belt is used for transporting mined coal, and the dust removal fan is used for purifying the air in the tunnel;

[0022] The shield support system includes a shield bracket, a transport vehicle and a shield-specific vehicle; the shield bracket is used for tunnel support, the transport vehicle transports the shield bracket, and the shield-specific vehicle positions and supports the shield bracket or removes the shield bracket and places it on the transport vehicle;

[0023] The filling system includes an external gangue transport belt, a gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle, a slurry blocking device and a grouting plastic pipe; the external gangue transport belt transports the gangue outside the tunnel to the low-speed gangue throwing belt of the gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle; the gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle throws gangue and sprays grout at the same time, and uses its upper tamping mechanism and lower tamping mechanism to tamp the filling body; the slurry blocking device is used to seal the tunnel door after filling; the grouting pump grouts and fills the blocked tunnel opening through the reserved grouting plastic pipe.

[0024] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the shield support includes a roof guard plate, a top beam, a column, a top beam flip cylinder and a top beam connecting rod mechanism; the column is a liftable column, the top beam is a retractable top beam, the top beam is arranged above the column and hinged to the top end of the column; the left end of the roof guard plate is hinged to the right end of the top beam, one end of the top beam flip cylinder is hinged to the bottom of the top beam, and the other end of the top beam flip cylinder is hinged to the bottom of the roof guard plate through the top beam connecting rod mechanism.

[0025] The technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] The present invention provides a new process and equipment system for filling and mining side coal in A+B lanes, which utilizes continuous mining machines and coal conveyor belt mining equipment in conjunction with a shield support system to form a new mode of remote-controlled side coal mining, support, and filling under shield support, that is, forming a new process of "A lane coal mining-shield support-excavating B lane along the edge of A lane-side protective roof raising to support B lane roof-remote control filling of A+B lanes with grouting-synchronous shield removal". The beneficial effect of the present invention is that it solves the bottleneck problem that both conventional support methods and filling methods limit the efficient coal mining speed, improves the safety of excavation construction, saves the investment cost of coal mine filling, and improves the economic benefits of coal mines. In addition, the process achieves the goals of efficient mining and efficient filling. It can safely and efficiently recover side coal pillars and digest a large amount of coal gangue, making contributions to the practice of the concept of green development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the time and space coordination of the filling mining system;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of mining in Lane A;

[0029] Figure 3 This is the support diagram of Lane A;

[0030] Figure 4 This is the support cross-section diagram of Lane A;

[0031] Figure 5 It is the support section diagram of A+B lane;

[0032] Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of mining and support of Lane B;

[0033] Figure 7 This is the schematic diagram of mining and support of A+B lanes;

[0034] Figure 8 This is the support cross-section diagram of A+B lane;

[0035] Fig. 9 This is the schematic diagram of the filling of lanes A+B;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a side view of the integrated vehicle for dumping and grouting;

[0037] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of mechanical plugging and grouting of A+B lanes;

[0038] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the completion of the filling of lanes A+B;

[0039] Fig.13 This is the schematic diagram of the stability of the filling body of lane A+B;

[0040] Fig.14 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the shield bracket Figure I ;

[0041] Fig.15 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the top plate of the shield support;

[0042] Fig.16 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the shield bracket Figure II ;

[0043] Fig.17 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the shield bracket Figure III ;

[0044] Fig.18 This is a side view of the shield bracket Figure I ;

[0045] Fig.19 This is a side view of the shield bracket Figure II ;

[0046] Fig. 20 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the integrated vehicle for throwing away waste and grouting;

[0047] Fig.21 It is a side view of the transporter;

[0048] Fig. 22 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the transport vehicle;

[0049] Fig.23 This is a schematic diagram of a special shield vehicle.

[0050] In the figure: 1-shield support; 2-dust removal air duct; 3-coal transport belt; 4-continuous mining machine; 5-coal pile; 6-transport vehicle; 7-folded shield support; 8-external gangue transport belt; 9-gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle; 10-filled rear tunnel; 11-roof protection plate; 12-coal blocking plate; 13-top beam; 14-column; 15-column connecting plate; 16-top beam telescopic cylinder; 17-top beam turning cylinder; 18-top beam connecting rod mechanism; 19-slurry blocking device; 20-grouting plastic pipe; 21-high-speed gangue throwing belt; 22-grouting machine; 23-upper tamping mechanism; 24-lower tamping mechanism; 25-driving platform; 26-rotating platform; 27-tamping seat; 28-low-speed gangue throwing belt; 29-tow tray; 30-telescopic baffle; 31-lower tamping drive cylinder; 32-upper tamping drive cylinder; 33-gangue belt lifting cylinder; 34-bracket; 35-transport trolley; 36-four-link mechanism; 37-telescopic beam; 38-bottom beam; 39-internal combustion engine hydraulic system; 40-cab; 41-explosion-proof trackless castor; 42-special shield vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] A new technology for filling and mining side coal in A+B lanes, in which a filling mining system, a mining system and a shield support system are used, such as Figure 1-Figure 23 shown.

[0053] The process includes the following steps:

[0054] 1) The tunnel is excavated in two stages, namely, tunnel A and tunnel B. Tunnel B is excavated along the edge of tunnel A;

[0055] A Lane Coal Mining - Withdrawal Mining Equipment: Use continuous mining machine 4, coal conveyor belt 3 and dust removal fan 2 to mine A Lane, such as Figure 2 As shown. The continuous miner 4 enters the A tunnel for mining, and the excavation section is 3.3 meters wide and 5 meters high. During mining, the air in the A tunnel is purified by the dust removal duct 2 to ensure the quality of the working environment for employees. The coal conveyor belt 3 transports the mined coal to the coal pile 5. When the excavation length reaches the designed length, the continuous miner 4, the coal conveyor belt 3 and the dust removal duct 2 are withdrawn.

[0056] 2) A Lane Support: After the continuous miner 4, coal conveyor belt 3 and dust removal duct 2 are removed from A Lane, the A Lane is supported by a shield support 1, such as Figure 3 As shown, the shield-specific vehicle 42 is matched with the transport vehicle 6 to install the first shield support 1 at the door opening position of Lane A. After it is in place, the top beam 13 is actuated by the top beam telescopic cylinder 16, the column 14 is raised, and the top beam 13 forms a support for the roof of Lane A; the shield support 1 is installed sequentially from the outside to the inside until the innermost part of Lane A. The column adjacent to Lane B is about 0.5 meters away from the junction of Lane A and Lane B to prevent the shield support 1 in Lane A from being cut when Lane B is excavated next time. The top plate 11 and the coal retaining plate 12 form a support and barrier for the collapsed coal body of Lane B, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 shown.

[0057] 3) B Lane Coal Mining: B Lane is mined with continuous miner 4, coal conveyor belt 3 and dust removal air duct 2; continuous miner 4 enters B Lane for mining, and the excavation section is 3.3 meters wide and 5 meters high. During mining, the air in B Lane is purified by dust removal air duct 2 to ensure the quality of the working environment for employees. Coal conveyor belt 3 transports the mined coal to coal pile 5; when B Lane is excavated, the mining equipment is at a certain distance from the shield support 1 installed in A Lane, and there is no risk of cutting.

[0058] 4) Support of Lane B: The top beam turning cylinder 17 of the shield support 1 is actuated to push the top beam connecting rod mechanism 18, so that the top plate 11 rotates toward the top of Lane B and supports the excavated top plate of Lane B. Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , as the tunnel B is excavated, the top plate 11 on the right side of the shield support 1 is raised to support the top plate of the tunnel B. Figure 6As shown, until the B tunnel is excavated in place and before the mining equipment is removed, the top beam 13 and the top plate 11 are all supported in place to complete the support of the A and B tunnels. Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown.

[0059] 5) Withdraw mining equipment from B tunnel: After the excavation length of B tunnel reaches the designed length, withdraw the continuous miner 4, coal conveyor belt 3 and dust removal air duct 2 to complete the mining of A and B tunnels.

[0060] 6) Backfilling of A and B lanes: After the mining equipment is removed, the 6.6-meter width of both sides of A and B lanes are filled with gangue, loess, slag, sand or gravel, etc. The shield-dedicated vehicle 42 enters A lane and sets up the innermost shield support 1 at the working face. At the same time, the gangue grouting vehicle 9 of B lane has arrived at the gangue filling operation point of B lane, and the external gangue conveyor belt 8 has been arranged. Fig. 9 As shown in FIG. 1 , the gangue outside the cave is transported to the low-speed gangue belt 28 of the gangue grouting integrated vehicle 9 through the external gangue conveying belt 8, and then transported to the high-speed gangue belt 21. Fig.10 As shown, the shotcrete outside the tunnel is transported to the shotcrete machine 22 on the waste rock grouting integrated vehicle 9 through a pipeline. The waste rock grouting integrated vehicle 9 sprays the rock while spraying it, and uses a tamping mechanism to tamp it at the same time to ensure that the section with a width of 6.6 meters and a height of 5 meters is densely filled. After the waste rock grouting integrated vehicle 9 reaches the innermost work location, the top beam flipping cylinder 17 of the shield support 1 drives the top beam connecting rod mechanism 18 to drive the top plate 11 to rotate and fold downward. The column 14 descends, and the top beam telescopic cylinder 16 is retracted to complete the overall contraction of the shield support 1. The shield support 1 is removed by the shield special vehicle 42, and the transport vehicle 6 transports the shield support 1 to the entrance of the tunnel, and then transports it to the next work point via another transport vehicle 6. The cycle is repeated until all cycles are removed and all equipment is withdrawn from the tunnel.

[0061] 7) Mechanical plugging and grouting: Repeat the process until the tunnel door is filled, and the tunnel is plugged by the grout blocking device 19. The grout blocking device 19 blocks the tunnel entrance, and the grouting pump injects grout into the tunnel openings of A and B through the reserved grouting plastic pipe 20 until the A and B tunnels are fully filled. Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 shown.

[0062] Figure 1: is a schematic diagram of the time-space coordination of the filling mining system. In this embodiment, the filling mining system includes an external gangue conveying belt 8, a gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle 9, a grouting device 19 and a grouting plastic pipe 20. Gangue outside the cave is transported to the low-speed gangue throwing belt 28 of the gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle 9 through the external gangue conveying belt 8, and then transported to the high-speed gangue throwing belt 21. The spraying liquid outside the cave is transported to the spraying machine 22 on the gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle 9 through a pipeline. The gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle 9 throws and sprays grout at the same time, and uses the upper tamping mechanism 23 and the lower tamping mechanism 24 of the gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle 9 to tamp the filling body.

[0063] Figure 4 This is the support cross-section diagram of Lane A. Figure 5 This is the support cross-section diagram of A+B lane. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of mining and support of A+B tunnels. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 It is given that in this embodiment, the mining system includes a dust removal duct 2, a coal transport belt 3 and a continuous miner 4. During mining, the continuous miner 4 enters the tunnel and purifies the air in the tunnel through the dust removal duct 2 to ensure the quality of the working environment for employees. The coal transport belt 3 transports the mined coal to the coal pile 5, and the continuous miner 4, the coal transport belt 3 and the dust removal duct 2 are withdrawn when the excavation length reaches the designed length. The shield support system includes a shield bracket 1, a transport vehicle 6 and a shield-specific vehicle 42. During tunnel support, the transport vehicle 6 is responsible for transporting the shield bracket 1 to the shield-specific vehicle 42, and the shield-specific vehicle 42 positions and supports the shield bracket 1. When the support is removed, the shield-specific vehicle 42 positions the removed shield bracket 1 and places it on the transport vehicle 6, which is transported to the next support work point by the transport vehicle 6.

[0064] Fig.14 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the shield bracket Figure I , Fig.15 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the top plate of the shield support. Fig.16 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the shield bracket Figure II , Fig.17 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the shield bracket Figure III , Fig.18 This is a side view of the shield bracket Figure I , Fig.19 This is a side view of the shield bracket Figure II ,Depend on Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 , Fig.18 and Fig.19It is given that in this embodiment, the shield support 1 includes a top plate 11, a coal blocking plate 12, a top beam 13, a column 14, a column connecting plate 15, a top beam telescopic cylinder 16, a top beam flip cylinder 17 and a top beam connecting rod mechanism 18. The left column 14 is composed of two cylinders, and the column connecting plate 15 is fixedly connected between the cylinder bodies of the two cylinders on the left. The column connecting plate 15 forms a stable support for the left column 14, and the right column 14 is composed of two cylinders. The coal blocking plate 12 is fixedly connected between the cylinder bodies of the two cylinders on the right and close to the right side, and the coal blocking plate 12 forms a stable support for the right column 14. The piston rod of each oil cylinder is vertically upward, and the top beam 13 is a telescopic top beam. One end of the top beam telescopic oil cylinder 16 is connected to the bottom of the top beam 13 near the left end, and the other end of the top beam contraction oil cylinder 16 is connected to the bottom of the top beam 13 near the right end. The top beam 13 can be horizontally extended or shortened by the top beam telescopic oil cylinder 16. The left end of the top beam 13 is hinged to the two piston rods on the left, and the right end of the top beam 13 is hinged to the two piston rods on the right. The top beam 13 can be raised or lowered by the action of the four vertically arranged oil cylinders at the bottom. The left end of the top guard plate 11 is hinged to the right end of the top beam 13, and one end of the top beam flip oil cylinder 17 is hinged to the bottom of the top beam 13 near the right end, and the other end of the top beam flip oil cylinder 17 is hinged to the bottom of the top guard plate 11 through the top beam connecting rod mechanism 18. In this embodiment, the top beam connecting rod mechanism 18 is composed of connecting rod I and connecting rod II, one end of connecting rod I is hinged on the right end of the top beam 13, one end of connecting rod II is hinged on the bottom middle of the top guard plate 11, and the other end of the top beam flipping cylinder 17 is hinged to the other ends of connecting rod I and connecting rod II through an axis. When the shield support 1 of Lane A is supported, the top beam telescopic cylinder 16 is activated, the top beam 13 is horizontally extended, the four vertically arranged cylinders are activated, the columns 14 are raised upward, and the top beam 13 forms a support for the top plate. The top guard plate 11 and the coal blocking plate 12 form a support and block for the collapsed coal body of Lane B. When the shield support 1 of Lane B is supported, the top beam flipping cylinder 17 is activated to push the top beam connecting rod mechanism 18, so that the top guard plate 11 rotates toward the top of Lane B and supports the excavated top plate of Lane B. When the shield support 1 is recovered, the top beam flipping cylinder 17 drives the top beam connecting rod mechanism 18 to drive the top guard plate 11 to rotate downward. The upright column 14 descends, and the top beam telescopic cylinder 16 is retracted, completing the overall contraction of the shield support 1.

[0065] Fig.10 This is a side view of the gangue grouting vehicle. Fig. 20 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a gangue grouting vehicle. Fig.10 and Fig. 20It is given that, in this embodiment, the rock throwing and grouting integrated vehicle is composed of a high-speed rock throwing belt 21, a shotcrete machine 22, an upper tamping mechanism 23, a lower tamping mechanism 24, a driving platform 25, a rotating platform 26, a tamping seat 27, a low-speed rock throwing belt 28, a drag plate 29, a telescopic baffle 30, a lower tamping driving cylinder 31, an upper tamping driving cylinder 32 and a rock throwing belt lifting cylinder 33. When filling the tunnel, the gangue is transported to the low-speed gangue belt 28 of the gangue grouting vehicle 9 by the external gangue conveyor belt 8, and then transported to the high-speed gangue belt 21. The spraying liquid outside the tunnel is transported to the spraying machine 22 on the gangue grouting vehicle 9 through the pipeline. The gangue is sprayed while the gangue is thrown. After a certain height is accumulated, the lower tamping mechanism 24 is activated to push the gangue to be dense. After gradually increasing, the upper tamping mechanism 23 is activated to push the gangue to be dense. The low-speed gangue belt 28 and the high-speed gangue belt 21 are driven by the revolving platform 26 to fill the 6.6-meter width of the two sides of the A and B lanes. When the collapsed pile is formed close to the top plate, the spraying and compaction are carried out.

[0066] Fig.21 It is a side view of the transporter; Fig. 22 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a transport vehicle; Fig.21 and Fig. 22 It is given that, in this embodiment, the transport vehicle is composed of a bracket 34, a transport trolley 35, a four-bar linkage 36, a telescopic beam 37, a bottom beam 38, an internal combustion engine hydraulic system 39, a cab 40 and an explosion-proof trackless castor 41. Fig.23 This is a schematic diagram of a special shield vehicle.

[0067] The waste rock grouting integrated vehicle 9, the transport vehicle 6 and the shield vehicle 42 are all existing technologies, so their structures will not be described in detail.

[0068] The shield support 1 in this application is designed according to the new technology of A+B lane filling mining side coal, and its structure is different from other supports in that:

[0069] 1. The shield support 1 in this application adopts a ground-based design. The ground-based structure can adapt to different floor conditions and is equipped with different detachable components (similar to the conversion head of a screwdriver). The tip of the component will be embedded in the tunnel ground, and the top beam 13 and the top of the column 14 are hinged. The shield support 1 in this application has no base, and sufficient bottom space is reserved. It is convenient for excavation and filling equipment to enter and exit.

[0070] 2. Equipped with width and height adjustment mechanisms, the size can be adjusted according to actual working conditions, with flexible design and high adaptability.

[0071] 3. The traditional hydraulic support four-bar linkage design requires multiple oil cylinders, increases the number of pipelines and control valves, and has a large number of consumables and a bulky structure when used with a base. The shield support 1 in this application has a simple structural design, and the shield is a "beam + column" type. It is light in weight and also meets the requirements of open-pit coal mine support strength.

[0072] The shield bracket 1 in this application has the following innovative features and technical effects:

[0073] 1. No permanent support. Rapid advancement can be achieved, and after the mining activity is completed, it can be recycled in conjunction with the filling process. Non-permanent support or temporary support, no anchor rods, anchor cables, shotcrete and other measures are required, with high utilization rate and economy, in line with the concept of green mining.

[0074] 2. There is no phenomenon of multiple disturbances to the top plate when the self-moving bracket is moved. The shield bracket 1 is installed from the bottom of the bracket to the front in sequence with the transport trolley. The top of the existing self-moving bracket is mostly designed with an arc-shaped top beam or a main and auxiliary beam, and is matched with a push jack to achieve forward push and backward pull or alternating self-movement, which causes obvious disturbance and the top plate is easy to break.

[0075] 3. The double-frame connection mechanism and double shields support the roof in coordination, with the largest support area of ​​the same type. The top beam is stressed, and the roof guard plate with the overturning cylinder is subjected to the overturning moment. The side adopts the coal-blocking plate and connecting plate design to also be stressed, with multi-directional stress and more comprehensive protection.

[0076] 4. High matching degree with existing equipment, better connection of mining, excavation and filling processes. There are many types of brackets in the market, and the selection is based on working conditions, which causes matching problems among all parties.

[0077] 5. Remote control is possible. This support adopts an electro-hydraulic control integrated system, which can be equipped with monitoring to achieve the purpose of remote control. The existing hydraulic supports have a low degree of automation and generally require on-site control.

[0078] 6. Traditional supports are mostly shielding or supporting shielding type, which are used for mining working faces; the shield support 1 in this application is used for tunnel support, adopts a shield type design, and has a reliable structure.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new process for mining side coal by backfilling in A+B lanes, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: 1) The tunnel is excavated in two stages, namely, tunnel A and tunnel B. Tunnel B is excavated along the edge of tunnel A; Coal mining in lane A - withdrawal of mining equipment: using a continuous mining machine (4), a coal conveyor belt (3) and a dust removal blower (2) to mine lane A, the excavation section is 2-6 meters wide and 2.0-6.5 meters high. When the excavation length of lane A reaches the designed length, the mining equipment is withdrawn; 2) Lane A support: Use a special shield vehicle (42) to install the shield support (1), and the shield support (1) supports Lane A, and is installed sequentially from the outside to the inside until the innermost part of Lane A; 3) B tunnel coal mining: B tunnel is mined using a continuous mining machine (4), a coal conveyor belt (3) and a dust removal blower (2), with the excavation section being 2-6 meters wide and 2.0-6.5 meters high; 4) Support of Lane B: As Lane B is excavated, the top plate (11) on the right side of the shield support (1) is raised to support the top plate of Lane B, thus completing the support of Lanes A and B; 5) Withdraw mining equipment from Lane B: After the excavation length of Lane B reaches the designed length, withdraw the mining equipment and complete the mining of Lanes A and B; 6) Filling of the two lanes A and B: Gangue, loess, slag, sand or gravel are filled on both sides of the two lanes A and B. External gangue conveyor belts (8) and gangue grouting integrated vehicles (9) are arranged in the two lanes A and B. Gangue outside the tunnel is transported to the low-speed gangue conveyor belt (28) of the gangue grouting integrated vehicle (9) through the external gangue conveyor belt (8), and then transported to the high-speed gangue conveyor belt (21). The shotcrete outside the tunnel is transported to the shotcrete machine (22) through a pipeline. The gangue grouting integrated vehicle (9) sprays the gangue while spraying the grout, and uses a tamping mechanism to tamp the grouting at the same time, to ensure that the cross-sections of the two lanes A and B are densely filled, until the filling of the two lanes A and B is completed and all equipment is withdrawn from the tunnel; 7) Mechanical plugging and grouting: Repeat the process until the filling reaches the tunnel openings of Lanes A and B. Use the grout blocking device (19) to plug the tunnels, and then perform grouting until the two lanes A and B are completely filled.

2. A new process for mining side coal by backfilling in A+B lane according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2) When supporting Lane A, the shield-dedicated vehicle (42) first installs the first shield support (1) from the door opening position of Lane A. After it is in place, the top beam (13) of the shield support (1) is horizontally extended, the column (4) at the bottom of the shield support (1) is raised, and the top beam (13) forms a support for the roof of Lane A; the top plate (11) and the coal retaining plate (12) on the shield support (1) form a support and barrier for the collapsed coal body of Lane B.

3. A new process for mining side coal by backfilling in A+B lane according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 3) When tunneling in Lane B, the mining equipment is at a distance from the installed shield support (1) in Lane A, and does not scratch the installed shield support (1) in Lane A; Step 4) When providing support, the top beam turning cylinder (17) on the shield support (1) is actuated to push the top beam connecting rod mechanism (18), so that the top plate (11) supports the excavated top plate in Lane B.

4. A new process for mining side coal by backfilling in A+B lane according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 6) After the mining equipment is removed, the A tunnel enters the shield-specific vehicle (42) to the innermost shield support (1) of the working face support. At the same time, the B tunnel waste dumping and grouting vehicle (9) has arrived at the B tunnel waste dumping and grouting operation point. After the waste dumping and grouting vehicle (9) reaches the innermost working location, the top beam tilting cylinder (17) of the shield support (1) drives the top beam connecting rod mechanism (18) to drive the top guard plate (11) to rotate and fold downward, the column (14) descends, and the top beam telescopic cylinder (16) is retracted, completing the overall contraction of the shield support (1); the shield-specific vehicle (42) is removed, and the cycle is repeated until all the shield supports (1) are removed.

5. The new process for A+B lane filling mining of side coal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 6), the waste rock throwing and grouting integrated vehicle (9) throws the waste rock while spraying grouting. When the waste rock is piled up to 2-6 meters, the lower compacting mechanism (24) of the waste rock throwing and grouting integrated vehicle (9) is activated to push the waste rock to be compacted. After the pile gradually increases, the upper compacting mechanism (23) of the waste rock throwing and grouting integrated vehicle (9) is activated to push the waste rock to be compacted. The waste rock throwing belt is driven by the rotating platform (26) to fill the width of both sides of the A and B lanes with waste rock. When the collapsed pile is formed close to the top plate, spraying and compaction are carried out.

6. A new process for A+B lane filling mining of side coal according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 6) When the filling density reaches the required level, the driving platform (25) drives the waste rock grouting integrated vehicle (9) to move backward; the shield-specific vehicle (42) locates and removes the shield support (1) and places it on the transport vehicle (6), which then transports it to the next support work point.

7. The new process for mining side coal by backfilling in A+B lane according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 7), three grouting plastic pipes (20) are fixed at both shoulders and directly above the openings of the A and B lanes to lead out of the tunnel, or one grouting plastic pipe (20) is fixed directly above the openings of the A and B lanes to lead out of the tunnel; a wind tube cloth is placed outside the opening, and the opening is sealed tightly with a grouting blocking device (19), and a grouting pump is used to grout the openings of the A and B lanes through the reserved grouting plastic pipes (20) to reinforce the grouting.

8. An equipment system for filling and mining side coal in A+B lanes, characterized in that: The equipment system includes mining system, shield support system and filling system; The mining system comprises a dust removal duct (2), a coal transport belt (3) and a continuous miner (4); the continuous miner (4) is used for tunnel excavation, the coal transport belt (3) is used for transporting mined coal, and the dust removal duct (2) is used for purifying air in the tunnel; The shield support system comprises a shield support (1), a transport vehicle (6) and a shield-specific vehicle (42); the shield support (1) is used for tunnel support, the transport vehicle (6) transports the shield support (1), and the shield-specific vehicle (42) positions and supports the shield support (1) or removes the shield support (1) and places it on the transport vehicle (6); The filling system comprises an external gangue conveying belt (8), a gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle (9), a grout blocking device (19) and a grouting plastic pipe (20); the external gangue conveying belt (8) transports gangue outside the tunnel to the low-speed gangue throwing belt (28) of the gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle (9); the gangue throwing and grouting integrated vehicle (9) throws gangue while spraying grout, and simultaneously uses its upper tamping mechanism (23) and lower tamping mechanism (24) to tamp the filling body; the grout blocking device (19) is used to block the tunnel door after filling; and the grouting pump grouts the blocked tunnel opening through the reserved grouting plastic pipe (20).

9. The equipment system for A+B lane filling mining of side coal according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The shield support (1) comprises a roof guard plate (11), a top beam (13), a column (14), a top beam tilting cylinder (17) and a top beam connecting rod mechanism (18); the column (14) is a liftable column, the top beam (13) is a telescopic top beam, and the top beam (13) is arranged above the column (14) and is hinged to the top end of the column (14); the left end of the roof guard plate (11) is hinged to the right end of the top beam (13), one end of the top beam tilting cylinder (17) is hinged to the bottom of the top beam (13), and the other end of the top beam tilting cylinder (17) is hinged to the bottom of the roof guard plate (11) through the top beam connecting rod mechanism (18).

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