Communication resource scheduling method and device based on information timeliness measurement

Abstract

The present invention proposes a communication resource scheduling method and device based on information timeliness measurement, which includes: sending a communication resource application to a base station through each terminal; after the base station receives the communication resource application from each terminal, initializing an optional communication resource pool for a future period of time; wherein the optional communication resource pool is composed of resource blocks divided in the time domain and frequency domain; determining a global communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters of each resource block, the service quality requirements of each terminal service, and the transmission period; and issuing the global communication resource scheduling method to each terminal, so that each terminal transmits its own terminal service according to the global communication resource scheduling method. The present invention realizes highly reliable and low-latency vehicle network communication, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of autonomous driving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of communications. Background Art

[0002] Cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication technology based on cellular mobile networks has two different communication resource scheduling modes: centralized communication resource scheduling based on base stations, and distributed communication resource scheduling based on autonomous channel sensing by terminals. Centralized resource scheduling is more advantageous for highly reliable communication because it can avoid communication conflicts between terminals in the same cell. Currently, centralized resource scheduling often directly determines communication resource scheduling based on channel conditions and service levels, without considering the timeliness of the information sent.

[0003] Existing centralized resource scheduling for cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication technology primarily leverages the periodic transmission characteristics of vehicle-to-everything services. It allocates communication resources from a resource pool to each terminal within a cell, and each terminal then transmits using the scheduled resources. [WO 2018006313 A1] describes how each terminal transmits based on received transmission scheduling information and reserves resources for the next cycle based on the periodic characteristics of its own services. [WO 2017116108 A1] leverages channel perception data from other vehicles within the cell to enhance communication resource selection, further increasing the probability of successful communication.

[0004] Regarding communication resource selection, [CN 107580340 A] incorporates the QCI level of services into scheduling, scheduling resources based on both absolute and relative service priorities. [CN 110536260 A] and [CN 110876129 A] propose scheduling schemes for vehicle-to-vehicle communication resources based on the coexistence of LTE and NR. [CN 110972316 A] describes how to collaboratively reschedule resources when a V2X terminal switches from LTE to a 5G network. [CN 105338634 A] further distinguishes between cell-edge and non-cell-edge terminals, implementing differentiated resource scheduling for each.

[0005] Existing centralized scheduling mechanisms primarily prioritize services, failing to consider the timeliness of service information. In autonomous driving scenarios, V2X communications, which contain real-time status and perception information from each terminal, cannot be characterized by traditional service priorities. Instead, the timeliness of this information must be inferred from the moment it is generated.

[0006] Therefore, communication resource scheduling should be based on minimizing the timeliness of information for connected vehicle services, reducing the delay in receiving information and ensuring the safety of autonomous driving. Furthermore, the importance of a service should be characterized by a quantitative description of the urgency of information timeliness. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0008] To this end, the first object of the present invention is to propose a communication resource scheduling method based on information timeliness measurement to achieve highly reliable and low-latency Internet of Vehicles communication.

[0009] The second object of the present invention is to propose a communication resource scheduling device based on information timeliness measurement.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the first embodiment of the present invention proposes a communication resource scheduling method based on information timeliness measurement, including:

[0011] Sending communication resource requests to the base station through each terminal;

[0012] After the base station receives the communication resource application from each terminal, it initializes an optional communication resource pool for a future period of time; wherein the optional communication resource pool is composed of resource blocks divided in the time domain and the frequency domain;

[0013] Determining a global communication resource scheduling mode according to the channel quality parameters of each resource block, the service quality requirements of each terminal service, and a transmission period;

[0014] The global communication resource scheduling mode is issued to each terminal, so that each terminal sends its own terminal service according to the global communication resource scheduling mode.

[0015] In addition, the communication resource scheduling method based on information timeliness measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0016] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the communication resource application includes a service sending period, a service QCI level, information timeliness constraints of the service, and a channel busyness perceived by the terminal.

[0017] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the resource blocks divided in the time domain and the frequency domain include:

[0018] The time domain is equally divided into several subframes, and the frequency domain is equally divided into several subchannels; a time-frequency block consisting of a subframe and a subchannel is regarded as a resource block.

[0019] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, after determining the global communication resource scheduling mode according to the channel quality parameter of each resource block, the service quality requirements of each terminal service, and the transmission period, the method further includes:

[0020] Optimizing the global communication resource scheduling method includes minimizing the sum of the information timeliness of each terminal service, wherein the information timeliness includes a function of the actual delay when each terminal service actually reaches the receiving end and the importance weight of each terminal service.

[0021] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the sending of the global communication resource scheduling mode to each terminal so that each terminal sends a terminal service according to the global communication resource scheduling mode further includes:

[0022] According to the sending cycle, the global resource scheduling method is repeatedly used to send the terminal services until the resource reselection mechanism is triggered, and then communication resources are applied to the base station again.

[0023] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the second embodiment of the present invention proposes a communication resource scheduling device based on information timeliness measurement, including:

[0024] An application module, used to send communication resource applications to the base station through each terminal;

[0025] an initialization module, configured to initialize, after the base station receives the communication resource applications from the respective terminals, a pool of optional communication resources for a future period of time; wherein the optional communication resource pool is composed of resource blocks divided in the time domain and the frequency domain;

[0026] An allocation module is used to determine an optimized global communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters of each resource block, the service quality requirements of each terminal service, and the transmission period;

[0027] The scheduling module is used to send the global communication resource scheduling mode to each terminal, so that each terminal sends the terminal service according to the global communication resource scheduling mode.

[0028] In addition, the communication resource scheduling device based on information timeliness measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0029] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the communication resource application includes a service sending period, a service QCI level, information timeliness constraints of the service, and a channel busyness perceived by the terminal.

[0030] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the initialization module is further configured to:

[0031] The time domain is equally divided into several subframes, and the frequency domain is equally divided into several subchannels; a time-frequency block consisting of a subframe and a subchannel is regarded as a resource block.

[0032] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the allocation module further includes:

[0033] An optimization unit is used to optimize the global communication resource scheduling method, including: minimizing the sum of the information timeliness of each terminal service, wherein the information timeliness includes a function of the actual delay when each terminal service actually reaches the receiving end and the importance weight of each terminal service.

[0034] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the scheduling module is further configured to:

[0035] According to the sending cycle, the global resource scheduling method is repeatedly used to send the terminal service until the resource reselection mechanism is triggered, and then communication resources are applied to the base station again.

[0036] The communication resource scheduling method and device based on information timeliness measurement proposed in the embodiments of the present invention incorporate information timeliness measurement into the algorithm design of centralized resource scheduling. By calculating the actual information age (Age of Information) of the information to be sent, combined with information from the existing resource pool (including but not limited to channel busyness, etc.) and the urgency (weight) of each service, the information timeliness of all services in the entire cell is optimized, achieving highly reliable and low-latency vehicle network communication, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of autonomous driving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0038] Figure 1 A flow chart of a communication resource scheduling method based on information timeliness measurement provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 A flow chart of a communication resource scheduling device based on information timeliness measurement provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a communication resource pool provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of communication resource scheduling provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0043] The following describes a communication resource scheduling method and apparatus based on information timeliness measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 A flow chart of a communication resource scheduling method based on information timeliness measurement provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the communication resource scheduling method based on information timeliness measurement includes the following steps:

[0046] S101: Each terminal sends a communication resource request to the base station;

[0047] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the communication resource application includes a service sending period, a service QCI level, information timeliness constraints of the service, and a channel busyness perceived by the terminal.

[0048] Each terminal within a cell (including but not limited to vehicles and roadside infrastructure) submits a communication resource request to the base station, requesting the base station to perform centralized resource scheduling within the cell. This request includes but is not limited to the service transmission period, service quality of care level (QCI) level, service information timeliness constraints, and the channel busyness perceived by the terminal.

[0049] S102: After receiving the communication resource application from each terminal, the base station initializes an optional communication resource pool for a future period of time; wherein the optional communication resource pool is composed of resource blocks divided in the time domain and the frequency domain;

[0050] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the resource blocks divided in the time domain and the frequency domain include:

[0051] The time domain is equally divided into several subframes, and the frequency domain is equally divided into several subchannels; a time-frequency block consisting of a subframe and a subchannel is regarded as a resource block.

[0052] Among them, the base station receives the application from the terminal and initializes the optional communication resource pool for a period of time in the future (typical value: 100ms). The communication resource pool is composed of resource blocks divided in the time domain and frequency domain. The length of the time domain is equal to the length of time required for scheduling, and the width of the frequency domain is equal to the bandwidth of V2X communication. Division means dividing the time domain into several subframes (typical value: 1ms) and dividing the frequency domain into several subchannels. A resource block is a time-frequency block consisting of a subframe and a subchannel. When a terminal is scheduled to a resource block, the terminal is allowed to occupy the subchannel on the subframe for one transmission. Within the same cell, the scheduling of resource blocks is unique, and at most one terminal can occupy one resource block.

[0053] S103: Determine a global communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters of each resource block, the service quality requirements of each terminal service, and the transmission period;

[0054] After determining the global communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters of each resource block, the service quality requirements of each terminal service, and the transmission period, the following steps are also included:

[0055] Optimizing the global communication resource scheduling method includes minimizing the sum of the information timeliness of each terminal service, wherein the information timeliness includes a function of the actual delay when each terminal service actually reaches the receiving end and the importance weight of each terminal service.

[0056] The base station provides an optimized communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters of each resource block (including but not limited to channel busyness, reference signal reception strength (RSRP), etc.), the importance of each terminal request service (including but not limited to QCI level, information urgency weight, etc.), and the transmission period of each terminal service, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the information timeliness of all terminal services. The timeliness of a terminal service is defined as the time difference between the generation and reception of the service information and the function of the service importance weight. A reference optimization algorithm is as follows:

[0057] 1) Calculate the transmission success rate of communication on each resource block based on the channel quality parameter of the resource block;

[0058] 2) After a successful transmission of each terminal service, the moment is considered to be the time of reception and the timeliness is calculated; if the transmission fails, it is considered that the information has not been received and needs to wait for the next transmission opportunity;

[0059] 3) Optionally, the terminal device may have a maximum transmission limit due to certain restrictions, that is, it cannot be scheduled with a number of resource blocks exceeding the limit.

[0060] From the above, the problem is modeled as a combinatorial optimization problem, which can be solved using dynamic programming algorithm or heuristic algorithm.

[0061] S104: Sending the global communication resource scheduling mode to each terminal, so that each terminal sends its own terminal service according to the global communication resource scheduling mode.

[0062] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the global communication resource scheduling mode is sent to each terminal so that each terminal sends terminal services according to the global communication resource scheduling mode, further comprising:

[0063] According to the sending cycle, the global resource scheduling method is repeatedly used to send each terminal service until the resource reselection mechanism is triggered, and then communication resources are applied to the base station again.

[0064] The base station sends the communication resource scheduling mode to each terminal in the cell, and each terminal transmits services according to the scheduling mode. Optionally, the terminal service can repeatedly use the scheduling mode according to the transmission cycle until the resource reselection mechanism (including but not limited to the reselection threshold, channel environment change, etc.) triggers the terminal to re-apply for communication resources from the base station.

[0065] The communication resource scheduling method based on information timeliness measurement proposed in the embodiment of the present invention incorporates the information timeliness measurement into the algorithm design of centralized resource scheduling. By calculating the actual information age (Age of Information) of the information to be sent, combined with the information of the existing resource pool (including but not limited to channel busyness, etc.) and the urgency (weight) of each service, the information timeliness of all services in the entire cell is optimized, achieving highly reliable and low-latency vehicle network communication, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of autonomous driving.

[0066] This method uses the timeliness of terminal service information as an indicator for communication resource scheduling. It quantifies traditional indicators such as service priority into weights representing service importance. It also incorporates the time difference between the generation and reception of service information itself, which is not considered in traditional algorithms, into the calculation, thereby quantitatively characterizing the timeliness of service information. This is extremely important for tasks such as collaborative perception and real-time decision-making in autonomous driving. Improving information timeliness can help terminals obtain more timely and accurate information, thereby improving the effectiveness and safety of autonomous driving perception and decision-making.

[0067] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a communication resource pool provided by a real-time example of the present invention, wherein the horizontal axis is the time domain, the vertical axis is the frequency domain, and different textures represent services scheduled to different terminals.

[0068] In this diagram, the horizontal axis represents available resources in the time domain, and the vertical axis represents available resources in the frequency domain. All communication resources can be viewed as resource blocks divided in the time and frequency domains. The horizontal axis length of each block represents the duration of a single transmission, and the vertical axis represents the bandwidth of a V2X channel. Different textures represent allocations to different terminal services. This diagram illustrates one allocation scheme.

[0069] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of communication resource scheduling provided by the real-time example of the present invention.

[0070] In this figure, first, each user terminal sends a transmission resource request to the base station; after receiving the request, the base station initializes the optional resource pool for the next period of time (such as Figure 3 ); the base station provides an optimized communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters on each resource block, the importance of each terminal request service, the transmission period of each terminal service, etc., with the goal of minimizing the sum of the information timeliness of all terminal services; the base station sends the resource scheduling method to each user terminal; and each user terminal begins transmission according to the allocated resources.

[0071] In order to implement the above embodiment, the present invention further proposes a communication resource scheduling device based on information timeliness measurement.

[0072] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an XXX device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, the communication resource scheduling device based on information timeliness measurement includes: an application module 10, an initialization module 20, an allocation module 30, and a scheduling module 40;

[0074] The application module is used to send communication resource applications to the base station through each terminal;

[0075] An initialization module is used to initialize an optional communication resource pool for a period of time after the base station receives a communication resource application from each terminal; wherein the optional communication resource pool is composed of resource blocks divided in the time domain and the frequency domain;

[0076] The allocation module is used to determine the optimized global communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters of each resource block, the service quality requirements of each terminal service, and the transmission period;

[0077] The scheduling module is used to send the global communication resource scheduling mode to each terminal, so that each terminal can send its own terminal service according to the global communication resource scheduling mode.

[0078] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the communication resource application includes a service sending period, a service QCI level, information timeliness constraints of the service, and a channel busyness perceived by the terminal.

[0079] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the initialization module 20 is further configured to:

[0080] The time domain is equally divided into several subframes, and the frequency domain is equally divided into several subchannels; a time-frequency block consisting of a subframe and a subchannel is regarded as a resource block.

[0081] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the allocation module 30 further includes:

[0082] The optimization unit is used to optimize the global communication resource scheduling method, including: minimizing the sum of the information timeliness of each terminal service, where the information timeliness includes a function of the actual delay when each terminal service actually reaches the receiving end and the importance weight of each terminal service.

[0083] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the scheduling module 40 is further configured to:

[0084] According to the sending cycle, the terminal service is sent repeatedly using the global resource scheduling method until the resource reselection mechanism is triggered, and then the communication resource is applied to the base station again.

[0085] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0086] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0087] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace, and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication resource scheduling method based on information timeliness measurement, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Sending communication resource requests to the base station through each terminal; After the base station receives the communication resource application from each terminal, it initializes an optional communication resource pool for a future period of time; wherein the optional communication resource pool is composed of resource blocks divided in the time domain and the frequency domain; the resource blocks divided in the time domain and the frequency domain include: dividing the time domain into a number of subframes and dividing the frequency domain into a number of subchannels; a time-frequency block consisting of a subframe and a subchannel is regarded as a resource block, the time domain length is equal to the time length required for scheduling, and the frequency domain width is equal to the bandwidth of the V2X communication; Determining a global communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters of each resource block, the service quality requirements of each terminal service, and the transmission period; after determining the global communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters of each resource block, the service quality requirements of each terminal service, and the transmission period, further comprising: optimizing the global communication resource scheduling method, including: minimizing the sum of information timeliness of each terminal service, wherein the information timeliness includes a function of the actual delay when each terminal service actually reaches the receiving end and the importance weight of each terminal service; wherein the base station provides an optimized communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters on each resource block, the importance of each terminal request service, and the transmission period of each terminal service, with the goal of minimizing the sum of information timeliness of all terminal services; wherein the timeliness of the terminal service is defined as a function of the time difference between the generation and reception of information of the service and the importance weight of the service; The global communication resource scheduling mode is issued to each terminal, so that each terminal sends its own terminal service according to the global communication resource scheduling mode.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The communication resource application includes the service sending period, the service QCI level, the service information timeliness constraint, and the channel busyness perceived by the terminal.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The sending of the global communication resource scheduling mode to each terminal so that each terminal sends a terminal service according to the global communication resource scheduling mode further includes: According to the sending cycle, the global communication resource scheduling mode is repeatedly used to send the services of each terminal until a resource reselection mechanism is triggered, and then communication resources are applied to the base station again.

4. A communication resource scheduling device based on information timeliness measurement, characterized in that: include: An application module, used to send communication resource applications to the base station through each terminal; an initialization module, configured to initialize an optional communication resource pool for a future period of time after the base station receives the communication resource application from each terminal; wherein the optional communication resource pool is composed of resource blocks divided in the time domain and the frequency domain; the resource blocks divided in the time domain and the frequency domain include: dividing the time domain into a number of subframes and dividing the frequency domain into a number of subchannels; a time-frequency block consisting of a subframe and a subchannel is regarded as a resource block, the time domain length is equal to the time length required for scheduling, and the frequency domain width is equal to the bandwidth of the V2X communication; An allocation module is configured to determine an optimized global communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters of each resource block, the service quality requirements of each terminal service, and the transmission period; the allocation module further includes: an optimization unit configured to optimize the global communication resource scheduling method, including: minimizing the sum of the information timeliness of each terminal service, wherein the information timeliness includes a function of the actual delay when each terminal service actually reaches the receiving end and the importance weight of each terminal service; wherein the base station provides an optimized communication resource scheduling method based on the channel quality parameters on each resource block, the importance of each terminal request service, and the transmission period of each terminal service, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the information timeliness of all terminal services; wherein the timeliness of a terminal service is defined as a function of the time difference between the generation and reception of information of the service and the importance weight of the service; The scheduling module is used to send the global communication resource scheduling mode to each terminal, so that each terminal sends the terminal service according to the global communication resource scheduling mode.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The communication resource application includes the service sending period, the service QCI level, the service information timeliness constraint, and the channel busyness perceived by the terminal.

6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The scheduling module is further used to: According to the sending cycle, the global communication resource scheduling mode is repeatedly used to send the terminal service until the resource reselection mechanism is triggered, and then the communication resource is applied to the base station again.

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