Wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan and method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application provides a wear-resistant nanometer composite ceramic non-stick pot. The inner surface of the pot body is sprayed with a plasma wear-resistant layer, so that the wear resistance of the non-stick layer is improved and the non-stick layer is not easy to fall off at high temperature. The wear-resistant nanometer composite ceramic non-stick pot comprises a pot body, the inner surface of the pot body is made of aluminum base material, the inner surface is sprayed with a non-stick layer, and a plasma wear-resistant layer is sprayed between the non-stick layer and the inner surface of the pot body; the plasma wear-resistant layer is obtained by plasma spraying of nanometer composite ceramic powder. In addition, the application also provides a preparation method of the wear-resistant nanometer composite ceramic non-stick pot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a non-stick pan, in particular to a wear-resistant non-stick pan and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of kitchen utensils. Background Art

[0002] Pans are essential cooking tools in the kitchen. For easier cleaning and cooking, more and more families are opting for non-stick pans. Most non-stick pans on the market are aluminum alloys, coated with titanium and titanium oxides using plasma or arc spraying. Aluminum alloy non-stick pans have numerous drawbacks. Because the aluminum alloy substrate is relatively soft, applying an even softer non-stick coating to the aluminum alloy makes it difficult to resist wear and tear in actual use, resulting in poor scratch and wear resistance.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN201510725768.X discloses a method and product for preparing a wear-resistant super-hydrophobic ceramic coating using thermal spraying technology. The main method is to prepare the ceramic coating by plasma spraying, and to prepare the surface PTFE non-stick coating by flame spraying. However, such a coating structure results in poor bonding between the PTFE layer and the ceramic layer, and the hardness and scratch resistance of the surface PTFE coating are only slightly improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan, which obtains a plasma wear-resistant layer by plasma spraying nano-composite ceramic powder on the inner surface of the pan body, thereby improving the wear resistance of the pan body and making the non-stick layer less likely to fall off at high temperatures.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan, comprising a pan body, wherein the inner surface of the pan body has a non-stick layer; characterized in that a plasma wear-resistant layer is provided between the inner surface of the pan body and the non-stick layer, wherein the plasma wear-resistant layer is obtained by plasma spraying nano-composite ceramic powder;

[0006] The nano-composite ceramic powder is made by mixing alumina-titanium ceramic powder, metallic titanium powder and stainless steel powder; based on the mass of the raw materials as 100%, the mass fraction of each component is: 20% to 30% of alumina-titanium ceramic powder, 15% to 20% of metallic titanium powder, and 50% to 65% of stainless steel powder; and among the components, based on the total mass of each component as 100%, each component includes at least 5% by mass of nano-scale powder, and the rest is micron-scale powder.

[0007] Preferably, the thickness of the plasma wear-resistant layer is 40 μm to 80 μm.

[0008] Preferably, the pot body is made of aluminum-based material.

[0009] In addition, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan.

[0010] Step 1: Pot blank forming;

[0011] Step 2: Degreasing, remove the oil and oxide scale on the inner surface of the pot blank and blow dry;

[0012] Step 3: Sandblasting: Sandblast the inner surface of the pot blank to form roughness on the inner surface of the pot blank;

[0013] Step 4: Plasma spraying to prepare plasma wear-resistant layer:

[0014] Step 5: Clean the pot, then blow dry the surface of the pot;

[0015] Step 6: Prepare a non-stick layer on the surface of the plasma wear-resistant layer.

[0016] Preferably: in said step 4, when plasma spraying is used to prepare the plasma wear-resistant layer: the nano-composite ceramic powder is melted in a hypersonic plasma arc by argon gas, and then sprayed onto the inner surface of the pot blank after sandblasting, thereby forming a plasma wear-resistant layer on the inner surface of the pot blank.

[0017] Preferably, in step 4, the nano-composite ceramic powder is sprayed onto the inner surface of the sandblasted pot blank at a speed of 300 m / s.

[0018] Preferably, in step 4, plasma spraying is performed more than once.

[0019] Preferably, in step 3, the inner surface roughness of the pot blank is made to reach Ra10-15 μm.

[0020] Preferably, in step 4, the plasma spraying parameters are: current 400-600 A, voltage 60-120 V, argon flow rate 50-100 L / min, nitrogen 40-80 L / min, and spraying distance 130 mm-150 mm.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The present invention provides a plasma wear-resistant layer between the non-stick layer of the pot body and the inner surface of the pot body. The plasma wear-resistant layer is obtained by plasma spraying a nano-composite ceramic powder; the nano-composite ceramic powder is a mixture of alumina titanium ceramic powder, metal titanium powder and stainless steel powder; alumina titanium ceramic has high temperature resistance, and after adding metal titanium powder and stainless steel powder to the alumina titanium ceramic powder, its hardness and wear resistance are greatly improved, thereby significantly improving the hardness of the inner surface of the pot body, thereby improving wear resistance, and can well insulate and protect the non-stick layer, improve the bonding strength of the non-stick layer, and make it difficult to fall off at high temperatures. Tests show that when the plasma wear-resistant layer is not sprayed, the non-stick layer of the pot body will continue to heat up when heated. After the plasma wear-resistant layer is sprayed, the non-stick layer pauses at around 200°C and then slowly heats up.

[0023] The nano-composite ceramic powder includes at least 5% by mass of nano-scale powder, which can increase the hardness and density of the formed plasma wear-resistant layer and can better spray the non-stick layer.

[0024] (2) When plasma spraying is used to prepare the plasma wear-resistant layer, ultra-high speed plasma spraying is used. The plasma spraying speed is faster and the powder particles fly faster, so the bonding force of the plasma wear-resistant layer formed thereby will be stronger.

[0025] (3) Before plasma spraying to prepare the plasma wear-resistant layer, the pot blank is sandblasted to obtain a rough inner surface of the pot blank, which can improve the bonding strength of the subsequent functional coating (i.e., the plasma wear-resistant layer).

[0026] (4) The molten and semi-molten nanocomposite ceramic powder particles are impacted on the sandblasted surface at a speed of 300 m / s. The plasma wear-resistant layer formed at this flying speed of the powder particles will have a stronger bonding force.

[0027] (5) Plasma spraying is performed more than once to obtain a plasma wear-resistant layer of a set thickness, which can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the plasma wear-resistant layer.

[0028] (6) The plasma spraying parameters of the present invention are used to perform plasma spraying to prepare the plasma wear-resistant layer, and the spraying effect is good, ensuring the hardness and wear resistance of the formed plasma wear-resistant layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A.

[0031] Among them: 1- pot body, 2- non-stick layer, 3- plasma wear-resistant layer DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] This embodiment provides a wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan, including a pan body 1, which has an inner surface made of an aluminum-based material, the inner surface being coated with a non-stick layer 2 (such as a conventional PTFE fluorine coating), and a plasma wear-resistant layer 3 is provided between the non-stick layer 2 and the inner surface of the pan body 1; the plasma wear-resistant layer 3 is obtained by plasma spraying of nano-composite ceramic powder; the above-mentioned non-stick layer 2 and plasma wear-resistant layer 3 together form the wear-resistant non-stick coating of the pan body 1.

[0035] This nano-composite ceramic powder is a mixture of alumina titanium ceramic powder, metal titanium powder and stainless steel powder; by setting a plasma wear-resistant layer between the non-stick layer and the pot body, the hardness of the inner surface of the pot body is significantly improved, thereby improving wear resistance, and can effectively insulate and protect the non-stick layer, improve the bonding strength of the non-stick layer, and prevent it from falling off at high temperatures.

[0036] Based on the mass of the nanocomposite ceramic powder raw material as 100%, the mass fractions of the various components are: 20%-30% alumina-titanium ceramic powder, 15%-20% metallic titanium powder, and 50%-65% stainless steel powder. Each of these components, based on the total mass of each component as 100%, contains at least 5% nanopowder by mass, with the remainder being micron-sized powder. The inclusion of nanopowder within the nanocomposite ceramic powder increases the hardness and density of the resulting plasma wear-resistant layer. This ratio also creates a plasma wear-resistant layer that achieves both optimal surface hardness and adhesion.

[0037] Example 2:

[0038] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan, such as Figure 1 As shown:

[0039] Step 1: Pot blank forming: Use a press to die-cast the pot body in one step;

[0040] Step 2: Degreasing, remove the oil and oxide scale on the inner surface of the pot blank and blow dry;

[0041] Step 3: Sandblasting: Use No. 30 white corundum sharp-angle sand to sandblast the inner surface of the pot blank to make the inner surface roughness of the pot blank reach Ra10μm; the rough inner surface is obtained to improve the bonding strength of the subsequent functional coating;

[0042] Step 4: Plasma spraying to prepare plasma wear-resistant layer 3:

[0043] Plasma spraying: Nano-composite ceramic powder is melted in a hypersonic plasma arc through argon gas (the arc center temperature reaches above 10,000 degrees Celsius), and then the molten and semi-molten nano-composite ceramic powder particles are impacted on the sandblasted surface at a speed of 300m / s to form a plasma wear-resistant layer with high hardness, high strength and strong bonding force. The plasma wear-resistant layer with a thickness of 40μm is formed by multiple spraying.

[0044] Using hypersonic plasma spraying, the plasma spraying speed is faster and the powder particles fly faster, so the bonding force of the plasma wear-resistant layer formed will be stronger.

[0045] Specifically: the mass of the raw materials of the nano-composite ceramic powder is 100%, wherein the mass fractions of each component are: 20% alumina titanium ceramic powder, 15% metal titanium powder, and 65% stainless steel powder; the nano-composite ceramic powder is obtained by directly mixing the above components, and among the above components, with the total mass of each component being 100%, each component includes at least 5% nano-scale powder by mass, and the rest is micron-scale powder.

[0046] Plasma spraying parameters are: current 400A, voltage 60V, argon flow rate 50L / min, nitrogen flow rate 40L / min, and spray distance 130mm. The plasma wear-resistant layer obtained by plasma spraying nanocomposite ceramic powder has a high hardness of over HV600. Extensive testing has confirmed that adding metallic titanium powder and stainless steel powder to alumina titanium powder significantly improves its hardness and wear resistance.

[0047] Step 5: Clean, rinse the pot, and then blow dry the surface of the pot.

[0048] Step 6: Preparation of non-stick layer 2: Spray PTFE fluorine coating on the surface of the plasma wear-resistant layer, and then bake at 400°C for 10 minutes to achieve heat curing of the PTFE fluorine coating to form a non-stick layer; thus, a wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan is obtained.

[0049] In order to verify the hardness (wear resistance) and non-stick properties of the wear-resistant non-stick coating in the wear-resistant non-stick pan, the following tests were performed:

[0050] Test 1: Wear resistance test: Fix the pot body sample with plasma wear-resistant layer and non-stick layer on the wear resistance tester, use a 1.5kg weight, use a 3M / 7447B industrial scouring pad and add a common detergent solution with a concentration of 0.5% by mass to soak and rub the inner surface of the pot body, and rub back and forth on the flat area of ​​the inner surface of the pot body. Replace the scouring pad every 500 times. After rubbing 12,000 times, the base material is still not exposed.

[0051] Test 2: Ballpoint pen refill wear resistance test (used for wear resistance test of wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pans): Place the pan body sample with a plasma wear-resistant layer and a non-stick layer on an aluminum ingot, pour a small amount of cooking oil into the pan body to cover the coating surface, and set the aluminum ingot temperature so that the pan body oil temperature reaches 200°C; use a ballpoint pen refill (pen length 115mm, refill diameter 1mm) with a fixed 320g load to rotate on the pan body coating surface at a rotation frequency of 40 revolutions / min. The ballpoint pen refill is replaced with a new one every 500 revolutions; during the test, check the coating condition until the substrate is exposed. At this time, the ballpoint pen refill has rotated more than 20,000 times, which meets the level 1 wear resistance standard.

[0052] Test 2: Non-stick test: 1. Clean the pot with tap water and a mild detergent solution, rinse with tap water several times, and dry with a paper towel. 2. Heat the pot on an electric stove or gas range, controlling the heating temperature with a pyrometer to 150°C. 3. Crack an egg and place it in the pot without adding any vegetable oil or other fatty oils. Wait until the egg white is essentially solidified (the surface temperature of the pot does not exceed 210°C). 4. Remove the egg with a plastic, wooden, or coated metal spatula. Wipe the coated surface of the pot with a soft cloth. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for a total of four times. The pot should still function normally.

[0053] Example 3:

[0054] This embodiment provides a preparation step of the wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan:

[0055] Step 1: Pot blank forming: Use a press to die-cast the pot body in one step;

[0056] Step 2: Degreasing, remove the oil and oxide scale on the inner surface of the pot blank and blow dry;

[0057] Step 3: Sandblasting: Use No. 30 white corundum sharp-angle sand to sandblast the inner surface of the pot blank to make the inner surface roughness of the pot blank reach Ra15μm; the rough inner surface is obtained to improve the bonding strength of the subsequent functional coating;

[0058] Step 4: Plasma spraying to prepare plasma wear-resistant layer 3:

[0059] Plasma spraying: Nano-composite ceramic powder is melted in a hypersonic plasma arc through argon gas (the arc center temperature reaches above 10,000 degrees Celsius), and then the molten and semi-molten nano-composite ceramic powder particles are impacted on the sandblasted surface at a speed of 300m / s, forming a wear-resistant non-stick coating with high hardness, high strength and strong bonding force. Multiple spraying methods are used to form a wear-resistant non-stick coating with a thickness of 80μm.

[0060] Specifically: the mass of the raw materials of the nano-composite ceramic powder is 100%, wherein the mass fractions of each component are: 30% of alumina titanium powder, 20% of metal titanium powder, and 50% of stainless steel powder; the nano-composite ceramic powder is obtained by directly mixing the above components, and among the above components, with the total mass of each component being 100%, each component includes at least 5% by mass of nano-scale powder, and the rest is micron-scale powder.

[0061] The plasma spraying parameters are: current 600A, voltage 120V, argon flow rate 100L / min, nitrogen 80L / min, and spraying distance 150mm.

[0062] Step 5: Clean, rinse the pot, and then blow dry the surface of the pot.

[0063] Step 6: Preparation of non-stick layer 2: Spray PTFE fluorine coating on the surface of the plasma wear-resistant layer, and then bake at 400°C for 10 minutes to achieve heat curing of the PTFE fluorine coating to form a non-stick layer; thus, a wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan is obtained.

[0064] Test 1: Wear resistance test: Fix the pot body sample with plasma wear-resistant layer and non-stick layer on the wear resistance tester, use a 1.5kg weight, use a 3M / 7447B industrial scouring pad and add a common detergent solution with a concentration of 0.5% by mass to soak and rub the inner surface of the pot body, and rub back and forth on the flat area of ​​the inner surface of the pot body. Replace the scouring pad every 500 times. After rubbing 17,000 times, the base material is still not exposed.

[0065] Test 2: Ballpoint pen refill wear resistance test (used for wear resistance test of wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pans): Place the pan body sample with a plasma wear-resistant layer and a non-stick layer on an aluminum ingot, pour a small amount of cooking oil into the pan body to cover the coating surface, and set the aluminum ingot temperature so that the pan body oil temperature reaches 200°C; use a ballpoint pen refill (pen length 115mm, refill diameter 1mm) with a fixed 320g load to rotate on the pan body coating surface at a rotation frequency of 40 revolutions / min. The ballpoint pen refill is replaced with a new one every 500 revolutions; during the test, check the coating condition until the substrate is exposed. At this time, the ballpoint pen refill has rotated more than 20,000 times, which meets the level 1 wear resistance standard.

[0066] Test 3: Non-stick test: 1. Clean the coated product with tap water and a mild detergent solution, rinse with tap water several times, and dry with a paper towel. 2. Heat the product on an electric stove or gas range, controlling the heating temperature with a pyrometer to 170°C. 3. Crack an egg and place it in the pot without adding any vegetable oil or other fatty oils. Wait until the egg white is basically solidified (the surface temperature of the product does not exceed 210°C). 4. Remove the egg with a plastic or wooden spatula or a coated metal spatula, wipe the coated surface with a soft cloth, and repeat steps 2 and 3. Perform the test a total of four times. The pot can still be used normally.

[0067] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the specific implementation of the present invention should not be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan, comprising a pan body, the inner surface of which has a non-stick layer; characterized in that: A plasma wear-resistant layer is provided between the inner surface of the pot body and the non-stick layer, and the plasma wear-resistant layer is obtained by plasma spraying of nano-composite ceramic powder; The nanocomposite ceramic powder is formed by mixing alumina-titanium ceramic powder, metallic titanium powder and stainless steel powder; based on the mass of the raw materials as 100%, the mass fractions of the various components are: 20% to 30% of alumina-titanium ceramic powder, 15% to 20% of metallic titanium powder, and 50% to 65% of stainless steel powder; and among the various components, based on the total mass of each component as 100%, each component includes at least 5% by mass of nano-grade powder, and the rest is micron-grade powder; Plasma spraying is performed more than once to obtain a plasma wear-resistant layer of a set thickness.

2. The wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the plasma wear-resistant layer is 40 μm to 80 μm.

3. The wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pot body is made of aluminum-based material.

4. A method for preparing the wear-resistant nanocomposite ceramic non-stick pan according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Step 1: Pot blank forming; Step 2: Degreasing, remove the oil and oxide scale on the inner surface of the pot blank and blow dry; Step 3: Sandblasting: Sandblast the inner surface of the pot blank to form roughness on the inner surface of the pot blank; Step 4: Plasma spraying to prepare plasma wear-resistant layer: Step 5: Clean the pot, then blow dry the surface of the pot; Step 6: preparing a non-stick layer on the surface of the plasma wear-resistant layer; In the step 4, plasma spraying is performed more than once.

5. The method for preparing a wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan according to claim 4, wherein: In step 4, when plasma spraying is used to prepare the plasma wear-resistant layer, the nano-composite ceramic powder is melted in a hypersonic plasma arc by argon gas, and then sprayed onto the inner surface of the sandblasted pot blank to form a plasma wear-resistant layer on the inner surface of the pot blank.

6. The method for preparing a wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 4, the nano-composite ceramic powder is sprayed onto the inner surface of the pot blank after sandblasting at a speed of 300 m / s.

7. The method for preparing a wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan according to claim 4, wherein: In step 3, the inner surface roughness of the pot blank is made to reach Ra10-15 μm.

8. The method for preparing a wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan according to claim 4, wherein: In step 4, the plasma spraying parameters are: current 400-600 A, voltage 60-120 V, argon flow rate 50-100 L / min, nitrogen flow rate 40-80 L / min, and spraying distance 130 mm-150 mm.

9. The method for preparing a wear-resistant nano-composite ceramic non-stick pan according to claim 4, wherein: In step 3, the inner surface of the pot blank is sandblasted to make the inner surface roughness of the pot blank reach Ra10-15 μm; In step 4, the nano-composite ceramic powder is melted in a hypersonic plasma arc by argon gas, and then sprayed onto the inner surface of the sandblasted pot blank at a speed of 300 m / s, and plasma spraying is performed more than once; and the plasma spraying parameters are: current 400-600 A, voltage 60-120 V, argon flow rate 50-100 L / min, nitrogen 40-80 L / min, and spraying distance 130 mm to 150 mm.

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