Active protection shield segment and use method

Abstract

The present invention provides an active protection shield segment and a method of use. The active protection shield segment includes a segment outer frame, a self-locking hydraulic jack with a sliding wheel, a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor, a water stop strip, a grouting pipe, and a segment structure. The segment outer frame is installed on the periphery of the segment structure, and a self-locking hydraulic jack with a sliding wheel is installed between the segment structure and the segment outer frame; a water stop strip is installed on the side wall of the segment outer frame, and a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor are installed on the inner wall of the segment outer frame; a slurry outlet hole is provided on the segment outer frame, and a grouting hole is provided on the segment structure, one end of the grouting pipe is installed in the slurry outlet hole on the segment outer frame, and the other end of the grouting pipe is installed in the grouting hole on the segment structure. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the active protection shield segment of the present invention is equipped with a self-locking hydraulic jack with a sliding wheel and an outer frame on the segment structure, which can provide active protection for the shield tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of civil engineering, and in particular to an active protection shield segment and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Description of the prior art:

[0003] As the main assembly component in the shield construction of subway tunnels, shield segments are generally spliced ​​into segment rings by standard blocks, connection blocks, and capping blocks. They are the innermost layer of the shield tunnel and are responsible for resisting water and soil pressure and other disturbance loads on the tunnel in the soil layer. In addition to the segments themselves having good mechanical properties, impermeability, and durability, ensuring that the tunnel is not damaged when disturbed by external construction, that the tunnel as a whole does not produce large displacements, and that good connections between the segments are maintained are the prerequisites for ensuring the safe operation of the tunnel. However, the shield segments themselves lack the ability to actively respond to external construction disturbances.

[0004] At present, the main technical means to deal with the disturbance caused by external construction to the tunnel are to control the impact of the disturbance source on the tunnel (such as controlling the impact of foundation pit excavation on the adjacent existing tunnels. Commonly used technical means include partitioned excavation of foundation pit, foundation pit axial force servo system, isolation piles between foundation pit and tunnel, etc.) and tunnel grouting reinforcement technology.

[0005] However, these methods all have some problems. For example, the principle of controlling the impact of disturbance sources on tunnels is to reduce the impact of disturbance sources on the surrounding soil, thereby controlling the deformation of the tunnel. However, when the disturbance source undergoes uncontrollable or difficult-to-control changes, the tunnel will be in a very passive state. When the disturbance has a greater impact on the tunnel, it will bring serious safety hazards to the operation of the tunnel. As for the tunnel grouting reinforcement technology, its principle is to reinforce the soil layer near the tunnel through grouting technology, improve the strength and rigidity of the soil, and thus curb the deformation of the tunnel. However, the grouting volume is difficult to control, and it is easy to cause grouting and grouting, which may cause soil layer dislocation, surface uplift and other problems. Excessive grouting pressure may even damage the tunnel itself.

[0006] Aiming at the problems that the current segment structure lacks the means to actively deal with external construction disturbances and the existing technical means to control the impact of external construction disturbances on shield tunnels, an active protection shield segment and control method are proposed.

[0007] Problems and defects of existing technology:

[0008] 1. Methods to control the impact of disturbance sources on tunnels. Tunnels are in a passive state and it is difficult to respond quickly to emergencies.

[0009] 2. Grouting reinforcement technology Grouting is prone to slurry leakage and slurry channeling, which may cause damage to the soil layer;

[0010] 3. Grouting reinforcement technology: Excessive grouting pressure during grouting will damage the tunnel itself;

[0011] 4. Existing shield segments lack the technical means to actively respond to external construction disturbances. Summary of the invention

[0012] The present invention provides an active protection shield segment, comprising a segment outer frame, a self-locking hydraulic jack with a sliding wheel, a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor, a water stop strip, a grouting pipe, and a segment structure, wherein the segment outer frame is installed on the periphery of the segment structure, and the self-locking hydraulic jack with a sliding wheel is installed between the segment structure and the segment outer frame; the water stop strip is installed on the side wall of the segment outer frame, and the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are installed on the inner wall of the segment outer frame; a slurry outlet hole is provided on the segment outer frame, and a grouting hole is provided on the segment structure, one end of the grouting pipe is installed in the slurry outlet hole on the segment outer frame, and the other end of the grouting pipe is installed in the grouting hole on the segment structure.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels includes a self-locking hydraulic jack outer base, a fixed sliding rod, a self-locking hydraulic jack inner base, an electric wheel, and a self-locking hydraulic jack. The self-locking hydraulic jack is installed on the self-locking hydraulic jack inner base, the self-locking hydraulic jack and the self-locking hydraulic jack inner base are connected to the self-locking hydraulic jack outer base through the fixed sliding rod, the electric wheel is installed on the outside of the self-locking hydraulic jack inner base, and the electric wheel can slide tangentially within the range of the self-locking hydraulic jack outer base.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom of the outer base of the self-locking hydraulic jack is arc-shaped to fit the curvature of the outer wall of the segment structure, and the outer bottom of the self-locking hydraulic jack is installed on the segment structure.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the active protection shield segment includes a first high-strength bolt, and the outer base of the self-locking hydraulic jack is installed on the segment structure through the first high-strength bolt; the active protection shield segment also includes a second high-strength bolt, and the self-locking hydraulic jack is connected to the outer frame of the segment with the second high-strength bolt; the electric wheel is a brake electric wheel; the piston head of the self-locking hydraulic jack is a hemisphere.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, a reserved pipeline port is provided at the bottom of the outer base of the self-locking hydraulic jack, and a reserved hole is provided on the pipe segment structure. The oil pipeline of the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels and the lines of the displacement sensor, pressure sensor, and electric wheel are connected to the CNC pump station and the control room through the reserved pipeline port and the reserved holes.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the grouting pipe is a telescopic grouting pipe, which is located in the outer frame of the pipe segment and is a non-retractable section inside the pipe segment structure; the telescopic grouting pipe is a foldable telescopic grouting pipe.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the waterstop strips include tenon-type waterstop strips and mortise-type waterstop strips. The tenon-type waterstop strips and mortise-type waterstop strips are used to pre-connect the outer frames of the segments on each individual segment structure and to splice adjacent segment structures. The tenon-type waterstop strips are foldable rubber waterproof strips. The waterstop strips are connected by extrusion with high-strength glue.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the active protection shield segment also includes a self-locking hydraulic jack retractable protective cover, which is installed between the segment structure and the segment outer frame, and the self-locking hydraulic jack retractable protective cover is respectively connected to the segment outer frame and the segment structure.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a method for using an active protection shield segment, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: First, assemble the active protection shield segments into a ring, and then connect the oil pipeline with the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels, as well as the lines of the displacement sensor, pressure sensor, and electric wheel to the CNC pump station and control room through the reserved pipeline ports and reserved holes.

[0022] Step 2: After the tunnel is open, when external disturbances occur, the displacement sensors and pressure sensors on the outer frame of the segment will monitor the changes in displacement and stress, and transmit the monitoring results to the control room;

[0023] Step 3: When the displacement and stress changes detected by the displacement sensors and pressure sensors on the outer frame of the segment exceed the pre-designed alarm range, the control room automatically alarms.

[0024] Step 4: According to the displacement and stress changes of the outer frame of each segment, the corresponding self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels is controlled by the CNC pump station to push the outer frame of the segment outward, so as to control the deformation of the active protection shield segment and the tunnel within the warning value range.

[0025] Step 5: When the external project is reinforced or backfilled, the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels is controlled by the CNC pump station to gradually reduce the jacking force to achieve the return stroke and complete the construction of the active protection shield segment.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, in the steps 2-4, the situation of external disturbance and the steps for coping with it include:

[0027] Steps to be implemented in response to the excavation of a deep and large foundation pit above the tunnel: When the working condition is the excavation of a deep and large foundation pit above the tunnel, affected by the excavation of the soil above, the existing tunnel passing below has a tendency to bulge in the corresponding local tunnel section (set as section AB). The displacement sensor and pressure sensor of the outer frame of the segment detect that the displacement and stress are obvious and reach the alarm value range. The control room controls the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheel to start through the CNC pump station. When the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheel is working, the self-locking hydraulic jack can be lifted by the electric motor at the bottom. The wheel is translated to adjust the outward ejection angle and posture of the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels. At this time, the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels in the upper part of the tunnel is mainly started to extrude and reinforce the soil by pushing the outer frame of the segment. At the same time, the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels gives the segment structure a reaction force to balance the additional force exerted on the tunnel due to soil excavation, reduce the displacement and deformation of the local tunnel section AB, control the relative displacement of the tunnel section AB and other tunnel sections within a certain range, and avoid damage to the tunnel concrete structure and water seepage.

[0028] Steps to be implemented when dealing with the excavation of the side soil of the tunnel: When the working condition is the excavation of a deep and large foundation pit on the side of the tunnel, the local tunnel tends to tilt due to the influence of the side soil excavation. The displacement sensors and pressure sensors of the outer frame of the segment detect obvious displacement and stress, reaching the alarm value range. The control room controls the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels to start through the CNC pump station. When the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels is working, the self-locking hydraulic jack can be translated through the electric wheel at the bottom to adjust the angle and posture of the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels to push outward. At this time, the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels of the active protection shield segment close to the right half of the foundation pit side is mainly started, and the outer frame of the segment is pushed while giving the segment structure a reaction force to control the displacement of this section of the tunnel within the allowable range.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. A self-locking hydraulic jack with a sliding wheel and an outer frame are installed on the segment structure, which can provide active protection for the shield tunnel, and the lightweight and high-strength concrete outer frame also strengthens the protection of the segment structure; 2. A self-locking hydraulic jack with a sliding wheel is installed on the segment structure, and a numerical control pump station and a control room are equipped. When faced with sudden disturbances, it can respond in time and start the self-locking hydraulic jack with a sliding wheel, solving the problem that the tunnel is passive when dealing with external disturbances; 3. Two self-locking hydraulic jacks with sliding wheels are installed on the outer frame of each segment. Through the synergistic effect of the electric wheel and the two self-locking hydraulic jacks with sliding wheels, the pushing posture of the outer frame of the segment can be adjusted during operation, and external disturbances can be dealt with more flexibly; 4. Through the active protection of the self-locking hydraulic jack with a sliding wheel, the problem of damage to the soil layer and even damage to the tunnel due to the difficulty in controlling the grouting amount due to the grouting reinforcement technology can be avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the active protection shield segment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the active protection shield segment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a top view of the active protection shield segment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a top view of the active protection shield segment splicing of the present invention;

[0034] FIG5( a ) is a working cross-sectional view of the active protection shield segment of the present invention;

[0035] FIG5( b ) is a schematic diagram of the working displacement of the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the mortise and tenon type water stop strip of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a top view of the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a front view of the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels of the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 This is a structural diagram of the active protection shield segments of the present invention assembled into a ring;

[0040] FIG. 10( a ) and FIG. 10( b ) are schematic diagrams of soil excavation above an existing tunnel according to the present invention;

[0041] Fig.11It is a schematic diagram of the lateral soil excavation of an existing tunnel according to the present invention.

[0042] Description of the main component symbols in the accompanying drawings:

[0043] 1. Retractable protective cover of self-locking hydraulic jack; 2. Outer frame of segment; 3. Self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheel; 4. Outer base of self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheel; 5. Fixed slide bar; 6. Inner base of self-locking hydraulic jack; 7. Electric wheel; 8. Self-locking hydraulic jack; 9. Reserved pipeline opening; 10. First high-strength bolt; 11. Second high-strength bolt; 12. Displacement sensor; 13. Pressure sensor; 14. Tenon water stop strip; 15. Mortise water stop strip; 16. Reserved holes; 17. Grouting hole; 18. Slurry outlet hole; 19. Grouting pipe; 20. Segment structure; 21. CNC pump station; 22. Control room. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to solve the problems existing in the above technical background and overcome the shortcomings of the current shield segments that lack the ability to actively respond to external construction disturbances, the present invention proposes an active protection shield segment and a method of use. A self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with a sliding wheel and a segment outer frame 2 are installed on the segment structure 20. When external construction has a significant impact on the tunnel, the displacement and stress changes on the segment are detected by the displacement sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13, and then the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with a sliding wheel is started to push the active protection shield segment outer frame 2 to actively resist the disturbance transmitted by the soil layer, control the displacement of the active protection shield segment and the good connection between the active protection shield segment rings, and avoid large deformation and uneven settlement of the tunnel.

[0045] The present invention can solve the problem in actual engineering that projects such as adjacent foundation pit excavation, upper foundation pit excavation and adjacent new tunnel construction generate relatively large disturbance to the existing shield tunnel.

[0046] In the present invention, the outer frame 2 of the segment installed on the active protection shield segment uses high-strength anti-seepage concrete. Each segment outer frame 2 corresponds to two self-locking hydraulic jacks 3 with sliding wheels, which can make the hydraulic jacks more flexible in resisting disturbances and more sensitive in responding. The segment outer frames 2 are connected by folding waterproof rubber membranes for mortise and tenon connections to ensure that the outer frame ring has good waterproof properties.

[0047] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the present invention discloses an active protection shield segment, comprising a self-locking hydraulic jack retractable protective cover 1, a segment outer frame 2, a self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with a sliding wheel, a displacement sensor 12, a pressure sensor 13, a water stop strip, a grouting pipe 19, and a segment structure 20. The segment outer frame 2 is installed on the periphery of the segment structure 20, and the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with a sliding wheel and the self-locking hydraulic jack retractable protective cover 1 are installed between the segment structure 20 and the segment outer frame 2. The self-locking hydraulic jack retractable protective cover 1 and the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with a sliding wheel are connected by a high pressure. Strong bolts are connected to the outer frame 2 and the segment structure 20 of the segment; the water stop strip is installed on the side wall of the outer frame 2 of the segment, and the displacement sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 are fixed to the inner wall of the outer frame segment 2 by screws; a grouting hole 18 is provided on the outer frame 2 of the segment, and a grouting hole 17 is provided on the segment structure 20, one end of the grouting pipe 19 is installed in the grouting hole 18 on the outer frame 2 of the segment, and the other end of the grouting pipe 19 is installed in the grouting hole 17 on the segment structure 20, and the grouting pipe 19 is located in the outer frame 2 of the segment and the segment structure 20 as a non-retractable section.

[0048] The main components of the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheel are:

[0049] like Figure 5(a) , 5(b) , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels includes a self-locking hydraulic jack outer base 4, a fixed sliding rod 5, a self-locking hydraulic jack inner base 6, an electric wheel 7, and a self-locking hydraulic jack 8. The self-locking hydraulic jack 8 is installed on the self-locking hydraulic jack inner base 6. The self-locking hydraulic jack 8 and the self-locking hydraulic jack inner base 6 are connected to the self-locking hydraulic jack outer base 4 through the fixed sliding rod 5. The electric wheel 7 is installed on the outside of the self-locking hydraulic jack inner base 6. The electric wheel 7 can slide tangentially within the range of the self-locking hydraulic jack outer base 4.

[0050] Working principle of self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheel 3:

[0051] As shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), when the electric wheel 7 at the bottom of the left self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels is locked, the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels only pushes longitudinally when it works; when the electric wheel 7 at the bottom of the right self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels is released, the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels pushes longitudinally when it works. Since the pushing distance of the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels on the left is greater than that of the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels on the right, the electric wheel 7 at the bottom of the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels on the right slides to the left under force, and the self-locking hydraulic jack 8 in the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels on the right moves tangentially to the left, causing the outer frame 2 of the pipe segment to be displaced as shown in Figure 5(a), thereby realizing the posture and angle adjustment of the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels pushing the outer frame.

[0052] The active protection shield segment includes a first high-strength bolt 10, and the self-locking hydraulic jack outer base 4 is installed on the segment structure 20 through the first high-strength bolt 10; the active protection shield segment also includes a second high-strength bolt 11, and the self-locking hydraulic jack 8 is connected to the segment outer frame 2 by the second high-strength bolt 11; the electric wheel 7 is a brake electric wheel; the piston head of the self-locking hydraulic jack 8 is a hemispherical body.

[0053] The bottom of the outer base 4 of the self-locking hydraulic jack should be specially made into an arc shape to fit the curvature of the outer wall of the pipe segment structure 20.

[0054] A reserved pipeline port 9 is provided at the bottom of the outer base 4 of the self-locking hydraulic jack, and a reserved hole 16 is provided on the pipe segment structure 20. The oil pipeline of the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels and the lines of the displacement sensor 12, the pressure sensor 13, and the electric wheel 7 are connected to the CNC pump station 21 and the control room 22 through the reserved pipeline port 9 and the reserved hole 16.

[0055] The grouting pipe 19 passes through the segment structure 20 and the segment outer frame 2 through the grouting hole 17 and the grouting hole 18, and is a non-retractable section between the segment structure 20 and the segment outer frame 2.

[0056] Waterproof treatment:

[0057] like Figure 6As shown, the two segments outer frames on each individual segment structure 20 are pre-connected in the production workshop through the tenon water stop strips 14 and the mortise water stop strips 15; the segment outer frames 2 between the active protection shield segments and the segments (including the active protection shield segment rings and the segments rings) are connected by the tenon water stop strips 14 and the mortise water stop strips 15 using the mortise and tenon connection principle when the segments are assembled on site. When the active protection shield segments are assembled, high-strength glue is applied to the joints of the water stop strips (tenon water stop strips 14 and mortise water stop strips 15) and the self-locking hydraulic jack is used. 8 push-and-press combination, wherein the tenon-type water stop strip 14 is a foldable rubber waterproof strip, and the foldable part is composed of a foldable waterproof rubber membrane. The foldable waterproof rubber membrane is a waterproof rubber membrane of considerable length that is folded and buckled into the groove of the connecting seam of the outer frame 2 of the pipe segment. Since the bonding force between the folds of the waterproof rubber membrane is relatively small, when the outer frame 2 of the pipe segment is pushed outward by the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with a sliding wheel, the folded part of the waterproof rubber membrane will be unfolded first, ensuring that the tenon-and-mortise joint of the water stop strip will not be separated under the action of external force, thereby maintaining the waterproof connection between the outer frames 2 of the pipe segment.

[0058] The present invention also discloses a method for using an active protection shield segment, comprising the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: First, assemble the active shield segments into a ring (such as Fig. 9 As shown), the oil pipeline of the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels, the displacement sensor 12, the pressure sensor 13, and the line of the electric wheel 7 are connected to the CNC pump station 21 and the control room 22 through the reserved pipeline port 9 and the reserved hole 16.

[0060] Step 2: Implementation environment: After the tunnel is open, when there is a large disturbance in the outside world, such as the excavation of a deep and large foundation pit above the tunnel (as shown in Figure 10), the excavation of a deep and large foundation pit on the side of the tunnel (as shown in Figure 11), Fig.11 As shown in the figure) and when the tunnel is adjacent to a newly built tunnel, the displacement sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 on the outer frame 2 of the segment will monitor the obvious changes in displacement and stress, and transmit the monitoring results to the control room 22.

[0061] Step 3: Monitoring and early warning; when the displacement and stress changes detected by the displacement sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 on the outer frame 2 of the segment exceed the pre-designed alarm range, the control room 22 automatically alarms.

[0062] Step 4: Implementation means; according to the displacement and stress changes of each segment outer frame 2, the corresponding self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels is controlled by the CNC pump station 21 to push the segment outer frame 2 outward, so as to control the deformation of the active protection shield segment and the tunnel within the warning value range; to avoid the damage of the tunnel concrete structure and water seepage due to the uplift and tilt of the local tunnel.

[0063] Specifically include:

[0064] Steps to follow when excavating a deep and large foundation pit above a tunnel:

[0065] When the working condition is the excavation of a deep and large foundation pit above the tunnel (as shown in FIG10 ), the existing tunnel passing below has a tendency to bulge in the corresponding local tunnel section (section AB as shown in FIG10 ) due to the influence of the excavation of the soil above. The displacement sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 of the outer frame 2 of the segment detect that the displacement and stress are obvious and reach the alarm value range. The control room 22 controls the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels to start through the CNC pump station 21. When the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels is working, the self-locking hydraulic jack 8 can be lifted through the electric wheel 7 at the bottom (the electric wheel 7 Preferably, a brake electric wheel is used for translation to adjust the outward ejection angle and posture of the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels. At this time, the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels in the upper part of the tunnel is mainly started to squeeze and reinforce the soil by pushing the outer frame 2 of the segment. At the same time, the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels gives a reaction force to the segment structure 20 to balance the additional force on the soil excavation tunnel, reduce the displacement deformation of the local tunnel section AB, control the relative displacement of the tunnel section AB and other tunnel sections within a certain range, and avoid the destruction of the tunnel concrete structure and water seepage;

[0066] Steps to be implemented when excavating the side soil of an existing tunnel:

[0067] When the working condition is the excavation of a deep and large foundation pit on the side of the tunnel (such as Fig.11 As shown in the figure, affected by the lateral excavation of the soil, the local tunnel has a tendency to tilt. The displacement sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 on the outer frame 2 of the segment detect that the displacement and stress are obvious and reach the alarm value range. The control room 22 controls the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels to start through the CNC pump station 21. When the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels is working, the self-locking hydraulic jack 8 can be translated through the electric wheel 7 at the bottom to adjust the outward ejection angle and posture of the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels. At this time, the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels of the new active protective shield segment close to the right half of one side of the foundation pit is mainly started, and the outer frame 2 of the segment is pushed, while the reaction force is given to the segment structure 20, so that the displacement of this section of the tunnel is controlled within the allowable range.

[0068] Self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheel 3 working methods to achieve posture adjustment:

[0069] Two self-locking hydraulic jacks 3 with sliding wheels are installed on the outer frame 2 of each segment. The electric wheel 7 at the bottom (the electric wheel 7 is preferably a brake electric wheel) has a brake locking function. When the self-locking hydraulic jack 8 is not working, the electric wheel 7 is in a brake locking state. At this time, the self-locking hydraulic jack 8 cannot make a tangential translation along the arc of the active protection shield segment. When the self-locking hydraulic jack 8 is working, depending on the posture and angle requirements of the outer frame 2 of the segment to be pushed outward, the control room 22 is used to control the release and sliding of the electric wheel 7 at the bottom of the self-locking hydraulic jack 8 to achieve the posture adjustment of the outer frame 2 of the segment when it is pushed. The specific implementation is shown in Figure 5 (a) (b).

[0070] Step 5: After the external engineering is reinforced or backfilled, the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with sliding wheels is controlled by the numerical control pump station 21 to gradually reduce the top thrust, realize the return stroke, and complete the construction of the active protection shield segment.

[0071] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. A self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with a sliding wheel and an outer frame 2 are installed on the segment structure 20, which can provide active protection for the shield tunnel, and the lightweight high-strength concrete outer frame also strengthens the protection of the segment structure 20; 2. A self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with a sliding wheel is installed on the segment structure 20, and a numerical control pump station 21 and a control room 22 are equipped. When faced with sudden disturbances, it can respond in time and start the self-locking hydraulic jack 3 with a sliding wheel for active protection, which solves the problem of tunnels responding to external disturbances. The problem of being in a passive state; 3. Two self-locking hydraulic jacks 3 with sliding wheels are installed on the outer frame 2 of each segment. Through the synergistic effect of the electric wheel 7 (the electric wheel 7 preferably adopts a brake electric wheel) and the two self-locking hydraulic jacks 3 with sliding wheels, the pushing posture of the outer frame 2 of the segment can be adjusted during operation, and external disturbances can be responded to more flexibly; 4. Active protection through the self-locking hydraulic jacks 3 with sliding wheels can avoid the problem of damage to the soil layer or even damage to the tunnel due to the difficulty in controlling the grouting amount due to grouting reinforcement technology.

[0072] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active protection shield segment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a segment outer frame (2), a self-locking hydraulic jack with a sliding wheel (3), a displacement sensor (12), a pressure sensor (13), a water stop strip, a grouting pipe (19), and a segment structure (20); the segment outer frame (2) is installed on the periphery of the segment structure (20); the self-locking hydraulic jack with a sliding wheel (3) is installed between the segment structure (20) and the segment outer frame (2); the water stop strip is installed on the side wall of the segment outer frame (2); The displacement sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (13) are installed on the inner wall of the segment outer frame (2); a grouting hole (18) is provided on the segment outer frame (2); a grouting hole (17) is provided on the segment structure (20); one end of the grouting pipe (19) is installed in the grouting hole (18) on the segment outer frame (2); and the other end of the grouting pipe (19) is installed in the grouting hole (17) on the segment structure (20). The self-locking hydraulic jack (3) with sliding wheels comprises a self-locking hydraulic jack outer base (4), a fixed sliding rod (5), a self-locking hydraulic jack inner base (6), an electric wheel (7), and a self-locking hydraulic jack (8). The self-locking hydraulic jack (8) is mounted on the self-locking hydraulic jack inner base (6). The self-locking hydraulic jack (8) and the self-locking hydraulic jack inner base (6) are connected to the self-locking hydraulic jack outer base (4) via the fixed sliding rod (5). The electric wheel (7) is mounted on the outside of the self-locking hydraulic jack inner base (6). The electric wheel (7) can slide tangentially within the range of the self-locking hydraulic jack outer base (4).

2. The active protection shield segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the self-locking hydraulic jack outer base (4) is arc-shaped to fit the curvature of the outer wall of the pipe segment structure (20), and the self-locking hydraulic jack outer base (4) is installed on the pipe segment structure (20).

3. The active protection shield segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The active protection shield segment comprises a first high-strength bolt (10), and the outer base (4) of the self-locking hydraulic jack is installed on the segment structure (20) through the first high-strength bolt (10); the active protection shield segment also comprises a second high-strength bolt (11), and the self-locking hydraulic jack (8) is connected to the segment outer frame (2) by the second high-strength bolt (11); the electric wheel (7) is a brake electric wheel; and the piston head of the self-locking hydraulic jack (8) is a hemispherical body.

4. The active protection shield segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the outer base (4) of the self-locking hydraulic jack is provided with a reserved pipeline port (9), and the pipe segment structure (20) is provided with a reserved hole (16). The oil pipeline of the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheel (3) and the displacement sensor (12), the pressure sensor (13), and the line of the electric wheel (7) are connected to the numerical control pump station (21) and the control room (22) through the reserved pipeline port (9) and the reserved hole (16).

5. The active protection shield segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grouting pipe (19) is a telescopic grouting pipe, and the telescopic grouting pipe is located in the outer frame (2) of the pipe segment and in the pipe segment structure (20) as a non-retractable section; the telescopic grouting pipe (19) is a foldable telescopic grouting pipe.

6. The active protection shield segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water stop strips include tenon-type water stop strips (14) and mortise-type water stop strips (15). The tenon-type water stop strips (14) and mortise-type water stop strips (15) are used to pre-connect the outer frame (2) of each individual segment structure (20) and to splice adjacent segment structures (20); the tenon-type water stop strips (14) are foldable rubber waterproof strips; the water stop strips are connected by extrusion with high-strength glue.

7. The active protection shield segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The active protection shield segment also includes a self-locking hydraulic jack retractable protective cover (1), which is installed between the segment structure (20) and the segment outer frame (2), and the self-locking hydraulic jack retractable protective cover (1) is connected to the segment outer frame (2) and the segment structure (20) respectively.

8. A method for using an active protection shield segment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: This involves performing the following steps: Step 1: First, assemble the active shield segments into a ring, and then connect the oil pipeline with the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheel (3) and the lines of the displacement sensor (12), the pressure sensor (13), and the electric wheel (7) to the numerical control pump station (21) and the control room (22) through the reserved pipeline port (9) and the reserved hole (16); Step 2: After the tunnel is open, when external disturbance occurs, the displacement sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (13) on the outer frame (2) of the segment will monitor the changes in displacement and stress, and transmit the monitoring results to the control room (22); Step 3: When the displacement and stress changes detected by the displacement sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (13) on the outer frame (2) of the segment exceed the pre-designed alarm range, the control room (22) automatically alarms; Step 4: According to the displacement and stress changes of each segment outer frame (2), the corresponding self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheel (3) is controlled by the numerical control pump station (21) to push the segment outer frame (2) outward, so as to control the deformation of the active protection shield segment and the tunnel within the warning value range; Step 5: After the external engineering is reinforced or backfilled, the self-locking hydraulic jack (3) with sliding wheels is controlled by the numerical control pump station (21) to gradually reduce the top thrust, realize the return stroke, and complete the construction of the active protection shield segment.

9. The method of use according to claim 8, characterized in that: In steps 2-4, the external disturbance and the response steps include: The following steps are implemented when dealing with the excavation of a deep and large foundation pit above a tunnel: When the working condition is the excavation of a deep and large foundation pit above a tunnel, the existing tunnel passing below has a tendency to bulge in the corresponding local tunnel section due to the influence of the excavation of the soil above. The displacement sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (13) of the outer frame (2) of the segment detect that the displacement and stress are obvious and reach the alarm value range. The control room (22) controls the self-locking hydraulic jack (3) with a sliding wheel to start through the numerical control pump station (21). When the self-locking hydraulic jack (3) with a sliding wheel is working, the self-locking hydraulic jack (8) can be driven by the electric wheel ( 7) Translate to adjust the outward push angle and posture of the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels (3). At this time, the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels (3) in the upper part of the tunnel is mainly started to squeeze and reinforce the soil by pushing the outer frame (2) of the segment. At the same time, the self-locking hydraulic jack with sliding wheels (3) gives a reaction force to the segment structure (20) to balance the additional force exerted on the tunnel due to the soil excavation, reduce the displacement and deformation of the local tunnel section, control the relative displacement of the local tunnel section affected by external disturbance and other tunnel sections within a certain range, and avoid the damage of the tunnel concrete structure and water seepage; The implementation steps for dealing with the side excavation of the tunnel are as follows: when the working condition is the excavation of a deep and large foundation pit on the side of the tunnel, the local tunnel has a tendency to tilt due to the influence of the side excavation of the soil, and the displacement sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (13) of the outer frame (2) of the segment detect that the displacement and stress are obvious and reach the alarm value range, and the control room (22) controls the self-locking hydraulic jack (3) with sliding wheels to start through the numerical control pump station (21). When the self-locking hydraulic jack (3) with sliding wheels is working, the self-locking hydraulic jack (8) can be translated through the electric wheel (7) at the bottom to adjust the angle and posture of the self-locking hydraulic jack (3) with sliding wheels to push outward. At this time, the self-locking hydraulic jack (3) with sliding wheels of the active protection shield segment close to the right half of the side of the foundation pit is mainly started, and the outer frame (2) of the segment is pushed up while giving the segment structure (20) a reaction force, so that the displacement of this section of the tunnel is controlled within the allowable range.

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