A solenoid valve

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solenoid valve, which comprises a valve body, a valve seat, a push rod assembly and an electromagnetic generating unit. A communication port is provided on the valve seat. The electromagnetic generating unit includes a coil assembly, an armature and an iron core. The armature is arranged in the groove body of the coil assembly. One end of the coil assembly is connected to the valve body. The other end of the coil assembly has a first reference surface and a second reference surface. The iron core has a first mating surface and a third reference surface. The valve seat has a second mating surface and a third mating surface. One end of the iron core is inserted into the groove body and the first reference surface and the first mating surface are in contact, so as to form a moving gap between the iron core and the armature. The valve seat is covered on the valve body and the second reference surface and the second mating surface are in contact, and the third reference surface and the third mating surface are in contact, so that one end of the push rod assembly passes through the through hole on the iron core and abuts against the armature, and the other end extends out of the through hole and is used for opening and closing the communication port. The present invention can improve the overall installation accuracy of the solenoid valve, enable more precise control of the flow rate, improve the installation convenience, and has a simple structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solenoid valves, and particularly relates to a two-position three-way solenoid valve. Background Art

[0002] A solenoid valve is a device controlled by electricity magnetism and is a basic automation component for controlling fluids. Solenoid valves are usually used in industrial control systems to adjust parameters such as the direction, flow rate, speed, and other parameters of the medium. Solenoid valves can cooperate with different circuits to achieve the expected control, and generally have good control accuracy and flexibility.

[0003] In a common two-position three-way solenoid valve structure, a steel ball, a return spring arranged on one side of the steel ball, a push rod arranged on the other side of the steel ball, an iron core, an armature, etc. are usually used to control the opening and closing of each channel. When the electromagnetic coil is powered off, the steel ball will seal the channel on its other side under the action of the return spring, and the channel on one side will be opened; when the electromagnetic coil is powered on, the armature will be attracted by the iron core against the acting force of the return spring, drive the push rod to push the steel ball, seal the channel on one side of the steel ball, and the channel on the other side will be opened. In order to ensure that the armature can drive the push rod to effectively push the steel ball for sealing after being attracted by the iron core when powered on, the distance between the armature and the iron core in the solenoid valve needs to be relatively precise. If the distance between the two is too small, the steel ball may not be able to completely seal the channel, resulting in an increase in the leakage amount. However, due to the complex structure and cumbersome installation process of the existing solenoid valves, and the low precision of manual assembly, the distance between the iron core and the armature usually cannot meet the design requirements after assembly, and the assembly efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solenoid valve to solve the problems of the existing solenoid valves such as complex structure, cumbersome installation, and low installation precision.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A solenoid valve includes a valve body, a valve seat, a push rod assembly, and an electromagnetic generating unit. A plurality of communication ports are formed in the upper part of the valve seat. The push rod assembly and the electromagnetic generating unit are arranged in the space enclosed by the valve body and the valve seat. The electromagnetic generating unit drives the push rod assembly to move to open and close the communication ports. The electromagnetic generating unit includes a coil assembly, an armature, and an iron core. A groove is formed in the coil assembly. The armature is arranged in the groove. A through hole penetrating both ends of the iron core is formed in the iron core. The push rod assembly is arranged in the through hole. One end of the coil assembly is connected to the valve body. The other end of the coil assembly has a first reference surface and a second reference surface. The iron core has a first mating surface and a third reference surface. The valve seat has a second mating surface and a third mating surface. One end of the iron core is inserted into the groove and the first reference surface and the first mating surface are in contact, so that a moving gap is formed between one end of the iron core and the armature. The valve seat covers the valve body and the second reference surface and the second mating surface are in contact, and the third reference surface and the third mating surface are in contact, so that one end of the push rod assembly abuts against the armature. The other end of the push rod assembly extends out of the through hole and is used to open and close the communication ports.

[0007] Preferably, the valve seat has a first cavity, and the first cavity includes a first stepped hole, a second stepped hole, and a third stepped hole that are directly connected in sequence. The opening of the first stepped hole faces the valve body. The aperture of the first stepped hole is larger than that of the second stepped hole. The aperture of the second stepped hole is larger than that of the third stepped hole. The bottom surface of the first stepped hole forms the second mating surface. The bottom surface of the second stepped hole forms the third mating surface.

[0008] More preferably, a protruding portion is formed on the side wall of the iron core. The protruding portion is located in the second stepped hole. Setting the protruding portion facilitates installation and improves installation accuracy.

[0009] Even more preferably, the end surface of the protruding portion facing the coil assembly forms the first mating surface. The end surface of the protruding portion facing the valve seat forms the third reference surface.

[0010] More preferably, the coil assembly includes a bobbin and a coil wound around the outside of the bobbin. One end of the bobbin is connected to the valve body. The first reference surface and the second reference surface are formed at the other end of the bobbin.

[0011] Further preferably, the other end of the skeleton has a boss, the boss is located in the second stepped hole, the end face of the boss forms the first reference surface, and the end face of the other end of the skeleton forms the second reference surface.

[0012] Further preferably, the valve seat further has a second cavity and a third cavity. The second cavity is communicated with the first cavity through a first channel, the third cavity is communicated with the second cavity through a second channel, the communication ports include a first communication port, a second communication port and a third communication port. The first communication port and the second communication port are respectively opened on the side walls of the first cavity and the second cavity, and the third communication port is opened at the end of the third cavity.

[0013] Further preferably, a plurality of the first communication ports and the second communication ports are provided, and the plurality of the first communication ports and the second communication ports are both circumferentially distributed around the valve seat.

[0014] Further preferably, the push rod assembly includes a push rod and a sphere. The sphere is arranged in the second cavity. One end of the push rod abuts against the armature, and the other end of the push rod abuts against the sphere. When the electromagnetic generating unit is powered on, the push rod moves to drive the sphere to close the second channel, and the first communication port and the second communication port are connected. When the electromagnetic generating unit is powered off, the sphere closes the first channel, and the second communication port and the third communication port are connected.

[0015] Further preferably, the solenoid valve further includes an elastic component. The elastic component is arranged in the third cavity. One end of the elastic component extends into the second channel and abuts against the sphere. The elastic component can provide an elastic force to enable the sphere to open and close the first channel and the second channel.

[0016] Preferably, a first sealing ring is arranged between the iron core and the valve seat; a second sealing ring is arranged between the iron core and the groove body of the coil assembly, which improves the sealing performance and prevents damage caused by the entry of oil during use.

[0017] Due to the application of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] Through the mutual cooperation between multiple reference surfaces and mating surfaces among the coil assembly, the iron core and the valve seat, the present invention can improve the overall installation accuracy of the solenoid valve, ensure the accuracy of the moving gap between the iron core and the armature after installation, enable more accurate control of the flow rate during use, improve the installation convenience, improve the production efficiency, and has a simple overall structure and is easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] FIG Figure 1 is a perspective view of the solenoid valve of this embodiment;

[0020] FIG Figure 2 is a top view of the solenoid valve of this embodiment;

[0021] FIG Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the solenoid valve of this embodiment when it is in the energized state;

[0022] FIG Figure 4 is for FIG Figure 3 a partial enlarged view of the position A in;

[0023] FIG Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the solenoid valve of this embodiment when it is in the de-energized state;

[0024] FIG Figure 6 is for FIG Figure 5 a partial enlarged view of the position B in;

[0025] FIG Figure 7 is a perspective view of the valve seat of this embodiment;

[0026] FIG Figure 8 is a front view of the iron core of this embodiment;

[0027] FIG Figure 9 is a perspective view of the coil assembly of this embodiment;

[0028] FIG Figure 10 is a perspective view of the elastic component of this embodiment.

[0029] In the above drawings: 1. Solenoid valve body; 11. Valve body; 12. Valve seat; 120. Communication port; 1201. First communication port; 1202. Second communication port; 1203. Third communication port; 121. First cavity; 1211. First stepped hole; 1212. Second stepped hole; 1213. Third stepped hole; 122. Second cavity; 123. Third cavity; 124. First channel; 125. Second channel; 126. Second mating surface; 127. Third mating surface; 2. Push rod assembly; 21. Push rod; 22. Sphere; 3. Electromagnetic generating unit; 31. Coil assembly; 310. Groove body; 311. Skeleton; 3110. Boss; 3111. Left skeleton; 3112. Magnetic isolation ring; 3113. Right skeleton; 312. Coil; 313. Skeleton insulator; 314. First reference plane; 315. Second reference plane; 32. Armature; 33. Iron core; 330. Through hole; 331. Protrusion; 332. First mating surface; 333. Third reference plane; 4. Elastic component; 41. Spring seat; 410. Through hole; 411. Base; 412. First mounting portion; 413. First mounting groove; 414. Flow port; 42. Spring; 43. Spring thimble; 431. Thimble body; 432. Second mounting portion; 433. Second mounting groove; 434. Flow port; 44. Adjusting member; 51. First sealing ring; 52. Second sealing ring. Detailed implementation mode

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] A solenoid valve, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, includes a solenoid valve body 1, a push rod assembly 2, an electromagnetic generating unit 3, and an elastic assembly 4. The solenoid valve body 1 includes a valve body 11 and a valve seat 12. A plurality of communication ports 120 are formed on the solenoid valve body 1, that is, a plurality of communication ports 120 are formed on the valve seat 12. The push rod assembly 2, the electromagnetic generating unit 3, and the elastic assembly 4 are all arranged inside the solenoid valve body 1, that is, the push rod assembly 2, the electromagnetic generating unit 3, and the elastic assembly 4 are all arranged in the space enclosed by the valve body 11 and the valve seat 12. The electromagnetic generating unit 3 can drive the push rod assembly 2 to move to open and close the communication ports 120 on the valve seat 12.

[0034] The following specifically introduces each component and its connection relationship in detail:

[0035] The electromagnetic generating unit 3 includes a coil assembly 31, an armature 32, and an iron core 33, as Figures 4 to 6 shown. A groove 310 is formed on the coil assembly 31. The armature 32 is arranged in the groove 310 of the coil assembly 31. One end of the iron core 33 is inserted into the groove 310, and a moving gap is formed between one end of the iron core 33 and the armature 32.

[0036] The coil assembly 31 is arranged in the valve body 11, as Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 9As shown in the figure, the coil assembly 31 includes a bobbin 311 and a coil 312. The coil 312 is wound around the outside of the bobbin 311. One end of the bobbin 311 is connected to the valve body 11. A first reference surface 314 and a second reference surface 315 are formed at the other end of the bobbin 311. A groove 310 is formed in the bobbin 311. Specifically: the opening of the groove 310 faces the other end of the bobbin 311, and there is a boss 3110 at the other end of the bobbin 311. The end face of the boss 3110 forms the first reference surface 314, and the end face of the other end of the bobbin 311 forms the second reference surface 315; the bobbin 311 specifically includes a left bobbin 3111, a magnetic isolation ring 3112, and a right bobbin 3113. The magnetic isolation ring 3112 is arranged between the left bobbin 3111 and the right bobbin 3113, and the three are fixedly connected by welding. The boss 3110 is formed on the left bobbin 3111; a bobbin insulator 313 is pasted on the outside of the bobbin 311, and the coil 312 is wound around the outside of the bobbin insulator 313.

[0037] The armature 32 is arranged in the groove 310 of the coil assembly 31. As Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown, the size of the armature 32 matches the size of the groove 310. A through hole 330 penetrating both ends is formed in the iron core 33, and the iron core 33 also has a first mating surface 332 and a third reference surface 333. One end of the iron core 33 is inserted into the groove 310, and the first reference surface 314 of the coil assembly 31 and the first mating surface 332 of the iron core 33 are mutually attached, so that a moving gap is formed between one end of the iron core 33 and the armature 32, and the accuracy of this moving gap is relatively high. Specifically: as Figure 8 shown, the size of one end of the iron core 33 matches the size of the groove 310. There is a protruding portion 331 on the side wall of the iron core 33. The end face of the protruding portion 331 facing one end of the coil assembly 31 forms the first mating surface 332, and the end face of the protruding portion 331 facing one end of the valve seat 12 forms the third reference surface 333. By providing the protruding portion 331 on the iron core 33, the first reference surface 314 and the first mating surface 332 are mutually attached, which is convenient for installing the iron core 33 and improves the accuracy of the moving gap formed between the iron core 33 and the armature 32.

[0038] The valve seat 12 is connected to the valve body 11, and a plurality of communication ports 120 are formed in the valve seat 12. As Figure 7 shown, the valve seat 12 has a second mating surface 126 and a third mating surface 127. The valve seat 12 covers the electromagnetic generating unit 3 inside it, and the second reference surface 315 of the coil assembly 31 and the second mating surface 126 of the valve seat 12 are mutually attached, and the third reference surface 333 of the iron core 33 and the third mating surface 127 of the valve seat 12 are mutually attached, so that the valve seat 12 can be accurately installed in place.

[0039] Specifically: One end of the valve seat 12 is connected to the valve body 11. A first cavity 121, a second cavity 122, and a third cavity 123 are formed in the valve seat 12. The first cavity 121 and the second cavity 122 are communicated through a first channel 124, and the second cavity 122 and the third cavity 123 are communicated through a second channel 125. The opening of the first cavity 121 faces one end of the valve seat 12, and the opening of the third cavity 123 faces the other end of the valve seat 12. The first cavity 121 includes a first stepped hole 1211, a second stepped hole 1212, and a third stepped hole 1213 that are directly connected in sequence. The opening of the first stepped hole 1211 faces the valve body 11, and the aperture of the first stepped hole 1211 is larger than that of the second stepped hole 1212, and the aperture of the second stepped hole 1212 is larger than that of the third stepped hole 1213. The size of the first stepped hole 1211 matches the size of the left skeleton 3111, the size of the second stepped hole 1212 matches the size of the protruding part 331 of the iron core 33 and the boss 3110 of the skeleton 311, and the size of the third stepped hole 1213 matches the size of the other end of the iron core 33; As Figure 7 shown, the bottom surface of the first stepped hole 1211 forms a second mating surface 126, and the bottom surface of the second stepped hole 1212 forms a third mating surface 127.

[0040] The multiple communication ports 120 on the valve seat 12 specifically include a first communication port 1201, a second communication port 1202, and a third communication port 1203. As Figure 4 and Figure 6 shown, the first communication port 1201 is opened on the side wall of the first cavity 121, specifically on the side wall close to the bottom of the third stepped hole 1213. A plurality of first communication ports 1201 are opened, and the plurality of first communication ports 1201 are distributed circumferentially around the valve seat 12; The second communication port 1202 is opened on the side wall of the second cavity 122. A plurality of second communication ports 1202 are opened, and the plurality of second communication ports 1202 are distributed circumferentially around the valve seat 12; The third communication port 1203 is opened at the end of the third cavity 123, that is, the third communication port 1203 is located at the other end of the valve seat 12.

[0041] The push rod assembly 2 includes a push rod 21 and a sphere 22. As Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown, the sphere 22 is arranged in the second cavity 122, the push rod 21 is arranged in the through hole 330 of the iron core 33, and one end of the push rod 21 extends out of the through hole 330 and abuts against the armature 32. Specifically, one end of the push rod 21 can be fixedly connected to the armature 32 by welding, or other detachable connection methods can also be adopted; The other end of the push rod 21 extends out of the through hole 330 and extends into the first channel 124 and abuts against the sphere 22, for pushing the sphere 22 to open and close the communication port 120, that is, for pushing the sphere 22 to open and close the first channel 124 and the second channel 125.

[0042] To ensure the sealing performance when the first channel 124 and the second channel 125 are closed, as Figure 4 and Figure 6 shown, the opening of the first channel 124 facing the second cavity 122 is arc-shaped, and the shape of the arc is at least partially matched with the shape of the sphere 22; the opening of the second channel 125 facing the second cavity 122 is arc-shaped, and the shape of the arc is at least partially matched with the shape of the sphere 22. Setting the openings of the first channel 124 and the second channel 125 as arc-shaped can improve the sealing performance and greatly reduce the liquid leakage of the solenoid valve.

[0043] The elastic component 4 is arranged in the third cavity 123, as Figure 4 and Figure 6 shown. One end of the elastic component 4 extends into the second channel 125 and abuts against the sphere 22. The elastic component 4 can provide an elastic force to enable the sphere 22 to open and close the first channel 124 and the second channel 125. The elastic component 4 specifically includes a spring seat 41, a spring 42, a spring thimble 43 and an adjusting member 44. The spring 42 is arranged between one ends of the spring seat 41 and the spring thimble 43. The other end of the spring thimble 43 penetrates into the second channel 125 and abuts against the sphere 22. The adjusting member 44 is arranged between the spring seat 41 and the spring 42, or the adjusting member 44 is arranged between the spring seat 41 and one end of the spring thimble 43, or the adjusting member 44 is simultaneously arranged between the spring seat 41 and the spring 42 and between the spring seat 41 and one end of the spring thimble 43.

[0044] The spring seat 41 is provided with a through hole 410 penetrating through its two ends, and the third communication port 1203 is communicated with the through hole 410. Specifically: as Figure 10 shown, the spring seat 41 includes a base 411 and a first mounting portion 412. The through hole 410 is opened in the middle of the base 411; the first mounting portion 412 is formed on the base 411. There are a plurality of first mounting portions 412. The plurality of first mounting portions 412 extend towards the side of the spring thimble 43, and the plurality of first mounting portions 412 are circumferentially distributed around the base 411. A first mounting groove 413 is formed among the plurality of first mounting portions 412. The adjusting member 44 and the spring 42 can be arranged in the first mounting groove 413 to improve the stability of their installation; a communication port 414 is formed between two adjacent first mounting portions 412. The third communication port 1203 is communicated with the communication port 414. The communication port 414 can facilitate the oil flow of the third communication port 1203. The spring seat 41 is detachably connected to the third cavity 123 to facilitate adjusting the number of the adjusting members 44 or facilitating the replacement of the spring 42. For example, the outer wall of the spring seat 41 has an external thread, and the inside of the third cavity 123 has an internal thread. The external thread and the internal thread cooperate with each other to form a threaded connection between the spring seat 41 and the third cavity 123, realizing the detachable connection between the spring seat 41 and the third cavity 123.

[0045] The spring plunger 43 is movably disposed within the third cavity 123. As Figure 10 shown, the spring plunger 43 includes a plunger body 431 and a second mounting portion 432. The second mounting portion 432 is formed at one end of the plunger body 431. There are a plurality of second mounting portions 432. The plurality of second mounting portions 432 extend toward the side of the spring seat 41, and the plurality of second mounting portions 432 are circumferentially distributed around the plunger body 431. A second mounting groove 433 is defined among the plurality of second mounting portions 432. The adjusting member 44 and the spring 42 are disposed within the second mounting groove 433. Providing the second mounting groove 433 can improve the mounting stability of the adjusting member 44 and the spring 42. A circulation port 434 is formed between two adjacent second mounting portions 432 to ensure the circulation of the hydraulic fluid. The other end of the plunger body 431 penetrates into the second passage 125 and abuts against the sphere 22.

[0046] The adjusting member 44 is disposed within the first mounting groove 413 and / or the second mounting groove 414. There may be a plurality of adjusting members 44, and the plurality of adjusting members 44 are stacked. By providing the adjusting member 44, the elastic force of the spring 42 can be adjusted, that is, the number of adjusting members 44 can be adjusted according to the requirement of the elastic force. In this embodiment: As Figure 10 shown, the adjusting member 44 is disposed within the first mounting groove 413. The adjusting member 44 is a gasket, and the size of the gasket matches the sizes of the first mounting groove 413 and the second mounting groove 414.

[0047] In addition, in order to improve the sealing performance, a first sealing ring 51 is provided between the iron core 33 and the valve seat 12, and a second sealing ring 52 is provided between the iron core 33 and the groove body 310 of the coil assembly 31. Specifically: A groove is formed on the side wall of the protruding portion 331 of the iron core 33, and the first sealing ring 51 is disposed within the groove. A groove is formed on the side wall of one end of the iron core 33 inserted into the groove body 310 of the coil assembly 31, and the second sealing ring 52 is disposed within the groove. By providing the first sealing ring 51 and the second sealing ring 52, the sealing performance of the solenoid valve can be improved, the leakage of the liquid can be reduced, and damage caused by the entry of the hydraulic fluid during use can be prevented.

[0048] The working process of the solenoid valve of this embodiment is specifically described below:

[0049] When the electromagnetic generating unit 3 is powered on, the coil 312 magnetizes the iron core 33, causing the armature 32 to be attracted by the iron core 33, that is, the armature 32 moves toward the iron core 33, and the moving gap therebetween decreases. When the armature 32 moves, it synchronously drives the push rod 21 to move, causing the sphere 22 to abut against the mouth of the second passage 125 facing the second cavity 122, and the elastic assembly 4 is compressed. At this time, the first passage 124 is opened, the first communication port 1201 and the second communication port 1202 are connected, and the second communication port 1202 and the third communication port 1203 are closed;

[0050] When the electromagnetic generating unit 3 is powered off, the elastic force of the reset spring 42 drives the spring thimble 43 to move, so that the sphere 22 abuts against the mouth of the first channel 124 facing the second cavity 122, and the push rod 21 and the armature 32 also move away from the iron core 33. At this time, the second channel 125 is opened, the third port 1203 is connected to the second port 1202, and the second communication port 1202 is closed with the first communication port 1201.

[0051] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solenoid valve, comprising a valve body, a valve seat, a push rod assembly and an electromagnetic generating unit. A plurality of communication ports are formed in the upper part of the valve seat. The push rod assembly and the electromagnetic generating unit are arranged in the space formed by the valve body and the valve seat. The electromagnetic generating unit drives the push rod assembly to move to open and close the communication ports. The electromagnetic generating unit includes a coil assembly, an armature and an iron core, and is characterized in that: A groove is provided on the coil assembly, the armature is disposed in the groove, a through hole penetrating both ends of the iron core is provided on the iron core, the push rod assembly is disposed in the through hole, one end of the coil assembly is connected to the valve body, the other end of the coil assembly has a first reference surface and a second reference surface, the iron core has a first mating surface and a third reference surface, the valve seat has a second mating surface and a third mating surface, one end of the iron core is inserted into the groove and the first reference surface and the first mating surface are in contact, so that a moving gap is formed between one end of the iron core and the armature, the valve seat covers the valve body and the second reference surface and the second mating surface are in contact, the third reference surface and the third mating surface are in contact, so that one end of the push rod assembly abuts against the armature, the other end of the push rod assembly extends out of the through hole and is used to open and close the communication port, the valve seat has a first cavity, the first cavity includes a first stepped hole, a second stepped hole and a third stepped hole which are directly connected in sequence, the opening of the first stepped hole faces the valve body, the aperture of the first stepped hole is larger than the aperture of the second stepped hole, the aperture of the second stepped hole is larger than the aperture of the third stepped hole, the bottom surface of the first stepped hole forms the second mating surface, and the bottom surface of the second stepped hole forms the third mating surface.

2. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, wherein: A protrusion is provided on the side wall of the iron core, and the protrusion is located in the second stepped hole.

3. The solenoid valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end face of the protrusion facing the coil assembly forms the first mating surface, and the end face of the protrusion facing the valve seat forms the third reference surface.

4. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, wherein: The coil assembly includes a bobbin and a coil wound around the outside of the bobbin, one end of the bobbin is connected to the valve body, and the first reference surface and the second reference surface are formed at the other end of the bobbin.

5. The solenoid valve according to claim 4, wherein: The other end of the bobbin has a boss, the boss is located in the second stepped hole, the end face of the boss forms the first reference surface, and the end face of the other end of the bobbin forms the second reference surface.

6. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve seat further has a second cavity and a third cavity, the second cavity is communicated with the first cavity through a first channel, the third cavity is communicated with the second cavity through a second channel, the communication port includes a first communication port, a second communication port and a third communication port, the first communication port and the second communication port are respectively provided on the side walls of the first cavity and the second cavity, and the third communication port is provided at the end of the third cavity.

7. The solenoid valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The described push rod assembly includes a push rod and a sphere. The sphere is arranged in the second cavity. One end of the push rod abuts against the armature, and the other end of the push rod abuts against the sphere. When the electromagnetic generating unit is powered on, the push rod moves to drive the sphere to close the second channel, and the first communication port and the second communication port are connected. When the electromagnetic generating unit is powered off, the sphere closes the first channel, and the second communication port and the third communication port are connected.

8. The solenoid valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: The described solenoid valve further includes an elastic component. The elastic component is arranged in the third cavity, and one end of the elastic component extends into the second channel and abuts against the sphere.

9. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first sealing ring is arranged between the iron core and the valve seat; a second sealing ring is arranged between the iron core and the groove body of the coil assembly.

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