Method for calculating spring rate and device thereof, vehicle, vehicle-mounted electronic control unit

Abstract

The application discloses a spring stiffness calculation method and device, a vehicle and a vehicle-mounted electronic control unit, and relates to the technical field of spring stiffness calculation methods and devices. The method comprises the following steps: based on a preset stiffness mechanical model, a stack stiffness coefficient of a stack in a target battery stack is calculated, and a stack deformation of the stack at a preset temperature is calculated; the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature and a preset condition of the target battery stack are obtained; based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation, a first spring stiffness coefficient of a spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, a second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest working temperature and a third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the preset condition are respectively calculated; and based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient and the third spring stiffness coefficient, a preset strategy is adopted to determine a target stiffness coefficient of the spring. The application solves the technical problem that the spring stiffness suitable for the battery stack cannot be calculated in the related art, and the performance of the battery stack is low.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery stack, in particular to a spring stiffness calculation method and device, a vehicle and an on-board electronic control unit. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, a fuel cell stack assembly generally includes a membrane electrode, a bipolar plate, an end plate and a current collector plate and other components, and the number of membrane electrodes and bipolar plates can reach hundreds according to different stack power. Since the stack is packaged by stacking various components and applying pressure, and the output power and sealing performance of the stack are directly related to the size of the stack packaging pressure, the packaging pressure fluctuation phenomenon that occurs during normal use of the stack needs to be considered during stack design.

[0003] In related technologies, the stacking and pressing of the stack are usually performed at room temperature, while the working temperature range of the stack is generally -30℃ to 85℃. The large working temperature range causes thermal expansion and contraction of the stack components, which in turn causes thermal stress and a decrease in packaging pressure of the components, thereby reducing the output power and air tightness of the stack. For example, when the stack is at a working temperature of 85℃, some components will expand due to heat, and the spring will be compressed under the action of thermal stress. If the spring stiffness is too large, the residual thermal stress will be too large, which will cause the porosity of the membrane electrode to decrease and the performance to decrease, or the stack to be irreversibly mechanically damaged. When the stack is at a working temperature of -30℃, some components will contract, and the packaging spring will rebound. If the spring stiffness is too large, the packaging force of the stack will decrease sharply, thereby increasing the internal resistance of the stack and reducing the air tightness. Therefore, too large spring stiffness will cause the stack to have performance degradation when affected by thermal expansion and contraction. However, too small spring stiffness will cause the stack to have reciprocating motion when subjected to external excitation in the packaging force direction, thereby accelerating the fatigue aging of the stack components.

[0004] In related technologies, the spring stiffness is usually calculated by CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) simulation of the overall structure of the stack, which cannot calculate the spring stiffness suitable for the battery stack at different temperatures, and the calculation is complex and not conducive to stack development.

[0005] At present, there is no effective solution to the above problems. SUMMARY

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a spring stiffness calculation method and device, a vehicle and an on-board electronic control unit to at least solve the technical problem in related technologies that the spring stiffness suitable for the battery stack cannot be calculated, thereby causing low performance of the battery stack.

[0007] According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a method for calculating spring stiffness is provided, including: calculating a stack stiffness coefficient of a stack in a target battery stack based on a preset stiffness mechanical model, and calculating a stack deformation of the stack at a preset temperature; obtaining a highest working temperature, a lowest working temperature and a preset condition of the target battery stack; calculating a first spring stiffness coefficient of a spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, a second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest working temperature, and a third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the preset condition based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation; and determining a target stiffness coefficient of the spring based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient and the third spring stiffness coefficient by using a preset strategy.

[0008] Optionally, before calculating the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack based on the preset stiffness mechanical model, the method further includes: characterizing the target battery stack as an electric pile structure composed of a plurality of parallel springs and / or a plurality of series springs, wherein the spring has a constant stiffness coefficient; and characterizing the electric pile structure as the preset stiffness mechanical model.

[0009] Optionally, the stack includes a plurality of components, wherein the plurality of components at least include a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode and a sealing ring, the bipolar plate has a constant stiffness coefficient, the membrane electrode has a constant stiffness coefficient, and the sealing ring has a constant stiffness coefficient.

[0010] Optionally, the step of calculating the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack includes: obtaining an elastic modulus, a cross-sectional area and a thickness of the plurality of components; calculating a component stiffness coefficient of the plurality of components based on the elastic modulus, the cross-sectional area and the thickness; and calculating the stack stiffness coefficient based on the component stiffness coefficients of the plurality of components.

[0011] Optionally, the step of calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest operating temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest operating temperature, and the third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the preset condition based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount comprises: calculating a thermal expansion amount of the plurality of components at the highest operating temperature based on a preset thermal expansion coefficient, and calculating a total thermal expansion amount of the stack based on the thermal expansion amount of the plurality of components; calculating a maximum face pressure value of the membrane electrode at a preset thermal expansion state; calculating a residual thermal expansion amount of the stack based on the maximum face pressure value; calculating a stack thermal expansion amount of the stack at a preset packaging state based on the total thermal expansion amount, the stack deformation amount, and the residual thermal expansion amount; and calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient using a preset first formula and a preset second formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack thermal expansion amount, and the total thermal expansion amount.

[0012] Optionally, the step of calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest operating temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest operating temperature, and the third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the preset condition based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount further comprises: calculating a cold contraction amount of the plurality of components at the lowest operating temperature based on the preset thermal expansion coefficient, and calculating a total cold contraction amount of the stack based on the cold contraction amount of the plurality of components; calculating a minimum face pressure value of the membrane electrode and a minimum pressure value of the sealing ring at a preset cold contraction state; calculating a residual cold contraction amount of the stack based on the minimum face pressure value and the minimum pressure value; calculating a stack cold contraction amount of the stack at the preset packaging state based on the total cold contraction amount, the stack deformation amount, and the residual cold contraction amount; and calculating the second spring stiffness coefficient using a preset third formula and a preset fourth formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack cold contraction amount, and the total cold contraction amount.

[0013] Optionally, the step of calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest operating temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest operating temperature, and the third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the preset condition based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount further comprises: obtaining a preset external frequency and a mass value of the target battery stack; calculating a minimum stack stiffness coefficient of the target battery stack at the preset condition based on the preset external frequency and the mass value; and calculating the third spring stiffness coefficient based on the minimum stack stiffness coefficient and the stack stiffness coefficient.

[0014] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a spring stiffness calculation device is also provided, comprising: a first calculation unit configured to calculate a stack stiffness coefficient of a stack in a target battery stack based on a preset stiffness mechanical model, and to calculate a stack deformation of the stack at a preset temperature; an acquisition unit configured to acquire a maximum working temperature, a minimum working temperature and a preset condition of the target battery stack; a second calculation unit configured to calculate a first spring stiffness coefficient of a spring in the target battery stack at the maximum working temperature, a second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the minimum working temperature, and a third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the preset condition based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation; and a determination unit configured to determine a target stiffness coefficient of the spring based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient and the third spring stiffness coefficient using a preset strategy.

[0015] Optionally, the calculation device further comprises: a first characterization module configured to characterize the target battery stack as an electric stack structure composed of a plurality of parallel springs and / or a plurality of series springs before calculating the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack based on the preset stiffness mechanical model, wherein the spring has a constant stiffness coefficient; and a second characterization module configured to characterize the electric stack structure as the preset stiffness mechanical model.

[0016] Optionally, the stack comprises a plurality of components, wherein the plurality of components at least include a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode and a sealing ring, the bipolar plate has a constant stiffness coefficient, the membrane electrode has a constant stiffness coefficient, and the sealing ring has a constant stiffness coefficient.

[0017] Optionally, the first calculation unit comprises: a first acquisition module configured to acquire an elastic modulus, a cross-sectional area and a thickness of the plurality of components; a first calculation module configured to calculate a component stiffness coefficient of the plurality of components based on the elastic modulus, the cross-sectional area and the thickness; and a second calculation module configured to calculate the stack stiffness coefficient based on the component stiffness coefficient of the plurality of components.

[0018] Optionally, the second calculation unit comprises: a third calculation module, configured to calculate thermal expansion amounts of the plurality of components at the maximum operating temperature based on a preset thermal expansion coefficient, and calculate a total thermal expansion amount of the stack based on the thermal expansion amounts of the plurality of components; a fourth calculation module, configured to calculate a maximum surface pressure value of the membrane electrode at a preset thermal expansion state; a fifth calculation module, configured to calculate a residual thermal expansion amount of the stack based on the maximum surface pressure value; a sixth calculation module, configured to calculate a stack thermal expansion amount of the stack at a preset packaging state based on the total thermal expansion amount, the stack deformation amount, and the residual thermal expansion amount; and a seventh calculation module, configured to calculate the first spring stiffness coefficient by using a preset first formula and a preset second formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack thermal expansion amount, and the total thermal expansion amount.

[0019] Optionally, the second calculation unit further comprises: an eighth calculation module, configured to calculate cold contraction amounts of the plurality of components at the minimum operating temperature based on the preset thermal expansion coefficient, and calculate a total cold contraction amount of the stack based on the cold contraction amounts of the plurality of components; a ninth calculation module, configured to calculate a minimum surface pressure value of the membrane electrode and a minimum pressure value of the sealing ring at a preset cold contraction state; a tenth calculation module, configured to calculate a residual cold contraction amount of the stack based on the minimum surface pressure value and the minimum pressure value; an eleventh calculation module, configured to calculate a stack cold contraction amount of the stack at the preset packaging state based on the total cold contraction amount, the stack deformation amount, and the residual cold contraction amount; and a twelfth calculation module, configured to calculate the second spring stiffness coefficient by using a preset third formula and a preset fourth formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack cold contraction amount, and the total cold contraction amount.

[0020] Optionally, the second calculation unit further comprises: a second acquisition module, configured to acquire a preset external frequency and a mass value of the target battery stack; a thirteenth calculation module, configured to calculate a minimum stack stiffness coefficient of the target battery stack under the preset condition based on the preset external frequency and the mass value; and a fourteenth calculation module, configured to calculate the third spring stiffness coefficient based on the minimum stack stiffness coefficient and the stack stiffness coefficient.

[0021] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a vehicle is also provided, and the stiffness of a spring used for packaging of a battery stack of the vehicle is obtained by the spring stiffness calculation method.

[0022] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a vehicle-mounted electronic control unit is also provided, which comprises one or more processors and a memory for storing one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the above-mentioned spring stiffness calculation method.

[0023] In the present disclosure, based on a preset stiffness mechanical model, a stack stiffness coefficient of a stack in a target battery stack is calculated, and a stack deformation of the stack at a preset temperature is calculated, the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature and the preset condition of the target battery stack are obtained, based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation, a first spring stiffness coefficient of a spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, a second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest working temperature, and a third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the preset condition are respectively calculated, based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient and the third spring stiffness coefficient, a target stiffness coefficient of the spring is determined by using a preset strategy. In the present application, the spring stiffness coefficients of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature and the preset condition can be calculated respectively according to the calculated stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation, so as to obtain a spring stiffness coefficient range, and then the target stiffness coefficient of the spring is determined in the spring stiffness coefficient range by using the preset strategy, which not only can calculate the spring stiffness suitable for the battery stack at different temperatures, but also can calculate quickly and conveniently, and can effectively improve the working efficiency of the battery stack development, thereby solving the technical problem that the spring stiffness suitable for the battery stack cannot be calculated in the related art, and leading to the low performance of the battery stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 is a flow chart of an optional spring stiffness calculation method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an optional battery stack structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a flow chart of an optional spring stiffness calculation of a battery stack according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an optional spring stiffness calculation device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 is a hardware structure block diagram of an electronic device (or mobile device) for a spring stiffness calculation method according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the personnel in the technical field better understand the present application scheme, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application will be described clearly and completely in the following with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiment in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily indicate a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0032] The following embodiments of the present application can be applied to various systems / applications / devices for calculating the spring stiffness of a battery stack. Based on the principles of force balance and energy conservation, the present application can calculate the spring stiffness suitable for the use of battery stack at different temperatures by constructing a mechanical model, considering thermal expansion and contraction and resonance phenomenon. Not only is the calculation fast and convenient, but also the work efficiency of stack development can be effectively improved.

[0033] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with various embodiments.

[0034] Embodiment one

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present application, a spring stiffness calculation method embodiment is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described herein can be executed in a different order than that shown herein.

[0036] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an optional spring stiffness calculation method according to an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0037] In step S101, based on a preset stiffness mechanics model, a stack stiffness coefficient of a stack in the target battery stack is calculated, and a stack deformation amount of the stack at a preset temperature is calculated.

[0038] In step S102, a highest working temperature, a lowest working temperature and a preset condition of the target battery stack are obtained.

[0039] In step S103, based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount, a first spring stiffness coefficient of a spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, a second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest working temperature, and a third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the preset condition are respectively calculated.

[0040] In step S104, based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient and the third spring stiffness coefficient, a target stiffness coefficient of the spring is determined by using a preset strategy.

[0041] Through the above steps, the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack can be calculated based on the preset stiffness mechanics model, and the stack deformation amount of the stack at the preset temperature is calculated, the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature and the preset condition of the target battery stack are obtained, the first spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest working temperature, and the third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the preset condition are respectively calculated based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount, and the target stiffness coefficient of the spring is determined by using the preset strategy based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient and the third spring stiffness coefficient. In the embodiment of the present application, the spring stiffness coefficients of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature and the preset condition can be respectively calculated according to the calculated stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount, so as to obtain a spring stiffness coefficient range, and then the target stiffness coefficient of the spring is determined in the spring stiffness coefficient range by using the preset strategy, which not only can calculate the spring stiffness suitable for the battery stack at different temperatures, but also can quickly and conveniently calculate, so as to effectively improve the work efficiency of the battery stack development, and further solve the technical problem that the spring stiffness suitable for the battery stack cannot be calculated in the related art, resulting in low performance of the battery stack.

[0042] The embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the above steps.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, before calculating the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack based on the preset stiffness mechanical model, the target battery stack is characterized as an electric stack structure composed of a plurality of parallel springs and / or a plurality of series springs, wherein the spring has a constant stiffness coefficient; and the electric stack structure is characterized as the preset stiffness mechanical model.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present application, before calculating the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack, the preset stiffness mechanical model can be constructed, specifically, the target battery stack can be characterized as an electric stack structure composed of a plurality of parallel springs and / or a plurality of series springs, wherein the battery stack can include a stack (which can include components such as bipolar plates, membrane electrodes, and sealing rings), springs, and end plates (which can be regarded as rigid bodies with high enough mechanical strength and stiffness), etc. The spring in the embodiment is a thermally stable material and does not have thermal expansion and contraction phenomenon, and the spring can be simplified as a component with a constant stiffness coefficient. In addition, the battery stack mainly produces one-way compression displacement under the action of packaging pressure, and the embodiment can ignore deformation in other directions and regard the stack as a linear thermal expansion body material.

[0045] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an optional battery stack structure according to the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 , the battery stack structure includes a stack, springs, and upper and lower end plates, and a packaging pressure is applied to the upper end plate.

[0046] In step S101, the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack is calculated based on the preset stiffness mechanical model, and the stack deformation of the stack at a preset temperature is calculated. Optionally, the stack includes a plurality of components, wherein the plurality of components at least include bipolar plates, membrane electrodes, and sealing rings, the bipolar plates have a constant stiffness coefficient, the membrane electrodes have a constant stiffness coefficient, and the sealing rings have a constant stiffness coefficient.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, the stack can include a plurality of components, which include bipolar plates, membrane electrodes, sealing rings, etc., and the bipolar plates, membrane electrodes, and sealing rings all have constant stiffness coefficients.

[0048] In the embodiment, the stack stiffness coefficient k 堆栈 of the stack in the target battery stack can be calculated based on the preset stiffness mechanical model, and the stack deformation x 堆栈 of the stack at normal temperature assembly state (i.e. at a preset temperature) can be calculated in the case that the stack and the packaging spring are in series and the packaging springs are in parallel.

[0049] Optionally, the step of calculating the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack includes: obtaining the elastic modulus, cross-sectional area and thickness of multiple components; calculating the component stiffness coefficient of the multiple components based on the elastic modulus, cross-sectional area and thickness; and calculating the stack stiffness coefficient based on the component stiffness coefficient of the multiple components.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, the elastic modulus E, cross-sectional area A, and thickness L of multiple components can be obtained first. Then, the component stiffness coefficients of multiple components can be calculated according to the formula k = EA / L (E represents elastic modulus, A represents cross-sectional area, and L represents thickness). Then, the stack stiffness coefficient can be calculated based on the component stiffness coefficients of multiple components.

[0051] Step S102: Obtain the highest operating temperature, lowest operating temperature, and preset conditions of the target battery stack.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, the highest operating temperature (e.g., 85°C), the lowest operating temperature (e.g., -30°C), and preset conditions of the target battery stack can be obtained. These preset conditions can be the stack excitation frequency f. 电堆 Not related to the external excitation frequency f 外 The condition for resonance to occur (i.e., f) 外 <f 电堆 ).

[0053] Step S103: Based on the stack stiffness coefficient and stack deformation, calculate the first spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest operating temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient at the lowest operating temperature, and the third spring stiffness coefficient under preset conditions.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, the first spring stiffness coefficient (i.e., the maximum spring stiffness coefficient at the highest operating temperature), the second spring stiffness coefficient (i.e., the maximum spring stiffness coefficient at the lowest operating temperature), and the third spring stiffness coefficient (i.e., the minimum spring stiffness coefficient under preset conditions) of the springs in the target battery stack can be calculated based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount.

[0055] Optionally, the step of calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest working temperature, and the third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring under the preset condition based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount comprises: calculating the thermal expansion amount of the plurality of components at the highest working temperature based on the preset thermal expansion coefficient, and calculating the total thermal expansion amount of the stack based on the thermal expansion amount of the plurality of components; calculating the maximum face pressure value of the membrane electrode under the preset thermal expansion state; calculating the residual thermal expansion amount of the stack based on the maximum face pressure value; calculating the stack thermal expansion amount of the stack under the preset packaging state based on the total thermal expansion amount, the stack deformation amount, and the residual thermal expansion amount; and calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack thermal expansion amount, and the total thermal expansion amount by using the preset first formula and the preset second formula.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present application, the thermal expansion amount y of the plurality of components of the stack in the free state (i.e., the state not subjected to any force) at the highest working temperature T1 can be calculated according to the linear thermal expansion coefficient α (i.e., the preset thermal expansion coefficient), and the total thermal expansion amount y of the stack can be calculated based on the thermal expansion amount of the plurality of components. 总 The maximum value P of the membrane electrode face pressure value allowable under the thermal expansion state (i.e., the preset thermal expansion state) can be calculated under the consideration of the stack performance (i.e., to ensure the stability of the stack performance). max The maximum value P of the membrane electrode face pressure value allowable under the thermal expansion state (i.e., the preset thermal expansion state) can be calculated under the consideration of the stack performance (i.e., to ensure the stability of the stack performance). max The residual thermal expansion amount y of the stack allowable (i.e., the residual thermal expansion amount) can be calculated according to the maximum value P of the membrane electrode allowable increase. 残余 The stack thermal expansion amount y (i.e., the stack thermal expansion amount y) under the packaging state (i.e., the preset packaging state) can be calculated by the formula y 堆栈 = y 总+ x 堆栈 -y 残余 . 堆栈 Then, according to the force balance formula (i.e., the preset first formula): k 堆栈 *(y 总+ x 堆栈 -y 残余 ) = k 弹簧 *(x 弹簧 + δ 弹簧 ) and k 堆栈 *x 堆栈 = k 弹簧 *x 弹簧 , where k 弹簧 represents the stiffness coefficient of the spring, δ 弹簧 represents the deformation amount of the spring, and x 弹簧 represents the compression amount of the spring, it can be obtained that δ 弹簧 = k 堆栈 / k 弹簧 *(y 总 -y残余) Then, according to the energy conservation principle, k 堆栈 *delta 总 2 =k 弹簧 *delta 弹簧 2 +k 堆栈 *delta 残余 2 -k 堆栈 *delta 堆栈 2 (i.e. the preset second formula), and finally the maximum value k 弹簧max (i.e. the first spring stiffness coefficient) of the spring stiffness is calculated.

[0057] Optionally, the step of calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest working temperature, and the third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring under the preset condition based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount further comprises: calculating the cold shrinkage amount of the plurality of components at the lowest working temperature based on the preset thermal expansion coefficient, and calculating the total cold shrinkage amount of the stack based on the cold shrinkage amount of the plurality of components; calculating the minimum face pressure value of the membrane electrode and the minimum pressure value of the sealing ring under the preset cold shrinkage state; calculating the residual cold shrinkage amount of the stack based on the minimum face pressure value and the minimum pressure value; calculating the stack cold shrinkage amount of the stack under the preset packaging state based on the total cold shrinkage amount, the stack deformation amount, and the residual cold shrinkage amount; and calculating the second spring stiffness coefficient based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack cold shrinkage amount, and the total cold shrinkage amount using the preset third formula and the preset fourth formula.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, the cold shrinkage amount z of the plurality of components at the lowest working temperature T2 can be calculated according to the linear thermal expansion coefficient alpha (i.e. the preset thermal expansion coefficient), and the total cold shrinkage amount z 总 of the stack can be calculated based on the cold shrinkage amount of the plurality of components, and the minimum value P min (i.e. the minimum face pressure value) of the membrane electrode face pressure value allowable under the cold shrinkage state (i.e. the preset cold shrinkage state) can be calculated considering the stack performance (i.e. ensuring stable stack performance), and the minimum value P min ′ (i.e. the minimum pressure value) of the sealing ring contact pressure allowable under the cold shrinkage state can be calculated considering the stack sealing performance, the allowable residual cold shrinkage amount z min (i.e. the residual cold shrinkage amount) of the stack can be calculated according to P min and P 残余 ′, and the cold shrinkage amount (i.e. the stack cold shrinkage amount z 堆栈 ) of the stack under the packaging state (i.e. the preset packaging state) can be calculated by the formula z 总+ =z 堆栈 x 残余 -z 堆栈 .), and then according to the force balance formula (i.e., a preset third formula): k 堆栈 *(z 总+ x 堆栈 -z 残余 )=k 弹簧 *(x 弹簧 +δ 弹簧 ) and k 堆栈 *x 堆栈 =k 弹簧 *x 弹簧 , wherein k 弹簧 represents a stiffness coefficient of the spring, δ 弹簧 represents a deformation amount of the spring, and x 弹簧 represents a compression amount of the spring, δ 弹簧 =k 堆栈 / k 弹簧 * ( z 总 -z 残余) , and according to the energy conservation principle, z 堆栈 *z 总 2 =k 弹簧 *δ 弹簧 2 +k 堆栈 *z 堆栈 2 -k 堆栈 *z 残余 2 (i.e., a preset fourth formula), and finally the maximum value k 弹簧max ′ (i.e., a second spring stiffness coefficient) of the spring stiffness is calculated.

[0059] Alternatively, based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount, the steps of calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest working temperature, and the third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring under a preset condition respectively, further include: obtaining a preset external frequency and a mass value of the target battery stack; based on the preset external frequency and the mass value, calculating the minimum stack stiffness coefficient of the target battery stack under the preset condition; and based on the minimum stack stiffness coefficient and the stack stiffness coefficient, calculating the third spring stiffness coefficient.

[0060] In the embodiments of the present application, the preset condition can be set as a condition that the stack excitation frequency f 电堆 does not resonate with the external excitation frequency f 外 (f 外 <f 电堆 ), the external excitation frequency f 外 of the stack along the packaging direction (i.e., a preset external frequency) can be obtained according to historical test data or a preset standard file, and the mass value m of the target battery stack is obtained.电堆 , after which, the minimum stiffness k 电堆 ) Λ 2*m 电堆 =k 电堆 , the minimum stiffness k 电堆 of the stack not to resonate (i.e. the minimum stack stiffness coefficient of the target battery stack under the preset condition) is calculated, and then, according to the one-dimensional equivalent stiffness mechanical model, the minimum stiffness k 弹簧 of the spring (i.e. the third spring stiffness coefficient) is calculated under the series connection of the spring and the stack by the formula k 电堆 =k 堆栈 *k 堆栈 / (k 电堆 -k 弹簧min ).

[0061] In step S104, the target stiffness coefficient of the spring is determined based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient and the third spring stiffness coefficient by using a preset strategy.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present application, the stiffness range of the packaging spring satisfying the stack performance can be obtained based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient and the third spring stiffness coefficient, and then the target stiffness coefficient of the spring (i.e. the optimal value that can guarantee the stack performance) is determined by using a preset strategy (for example, by multiple stack performance tests).

[0063] The following will be described in detail in combination with another alternative specific embodiment.

[0064] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the spring stiffness calculation of a battery stack according to an alternative embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 3 , comprising the following steps:

[0065] (1) Establishing a one-dimensional equivalent stiffness mechanical model of the stack: the stack can be simplified as a system composed of a plurality of parallel and series springs, and the components of the stack such as bipolar plates, membrane electrodes and sealing rings all have constant stiffness.

[0066] (2) Calculating the stack stiffness: the stiffness coefficient of each part of the stack can be calculated according to the formula k = EA / L (E represents the elastic modulus, A represents the cross-sectional area, and L represents the thickness), and then the stiffness of the stack composed of components such as bipolar plates, membrane electrodes and sealing rings is obtained.

[0067] (3) Calculating the stack compression amount: the compression amount of the stack and the packaging spring in the normal temperature assembly state can be calculated under the series connection of the stack and the packaging spring and the parallel connection between the packaging springs.

[0068] (4) Calculate the stiffness of the packaging spring: according to the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature and the resonance condition, the stiffness value of the packaging spring meeting the performance of the stack can be calculated, as follows:

[0069] 1) At the highest working temperature, according to the linear thermal expansion coefficient α, the thermal expansion amount y of each component and the total thermal expansion amount y of the stack in the free state at the highest working temperature T1 are calculated 总 , considering the performance of the stack, the maximum value P of the membrane electrode surface pressure that can be allowed in the thermal expansion state is calculated max , according to the maximum value P that can be allowed to increase of the membrane electrode max , the allowable residual thermal expansion amount y of the stack is calculated 残余 , the thermal expansion amount y of the stack in the packaging state is calculated 堆栈 = y 总+ x 堆栈 -y 残余 , according to the force balance: k 堆栈 *(y 总+ x 堆栈 -y 残余 ) = k 弹簧 *(x 弹簧 + δ 弹簧 ) and k 堆栈 *x 堆栈 = k 弹簧 *x 弹簧 , we get: δ 弹簧 = k 堆栈 / k 弹簧 *(y 总 -y 残余) , based on the principle of energy conservation, we get: k 堆栈 *y 总 2 = k 弹簧 *δ 弹簧 2 +k 堆栈 *y 残余 2 -k 堆栈 *y 堆栈 2 , finally the maximum value k 弹簧max of the spring stiffness is obtained.

[0070] 2) At the lowest working temperature, according to the linear thermal expansion coefficient α, the cold shrinkage amount z of each component and the total cold shrinkage amount z of the stack at the lowest working temperature T2 are calculated 总 , considering the performance of the stack, the minimum value P of the membrane electrode surface pressure that can be allowed in the cold shrinkage state is calculated min , considering the sealing performance of the stack, the minimum value P of the sealing ring contact pressure that can be allowed in the cold shrinkage state is calculated min ', according to P min and Pmin Calculate the allowable residual cold shrinkage of the stack z 残余 Calculate the cold shrinkage of the stack in the encapsulation state z 堆栈 = z 总+ x 堆栈 -z 残余 According to the force balance: k 堆栈 *(z 总+ x 堆栈 -z 残余 ) = k 弹簧 *(x 弹簧 + δ 弹簧 ) and k 堆栈 *x 堆栈 = k 弹簧 *x 弹簧 , we get: δ 弹簧 = k 堆栈 / k 弹簧 * ( z 总 -z 残余) Based on the principle of energy conservation, we get: z 堆栈 *z 总 2 = k 弹簧 *δ 弹簧 2 +k 堆栈 *z 堆栈 2 -k 堆栈 *z 残余 2 Finally, the maximum value of the spring stiffness k 弹簧max ′ is obtained.

[0071] 3), set the condition for the stack excitation frequency not to resonate with the external excitation frequency f 外 <f 电堆 , obtain the external excitation frequency f 外 of the stack along the encapsulation direction according to historical test data or preset standard files, and calculate the minimum stiffness k 电堆 of the stack not to resonate according to the formula (2Πf 电堆 ) Λ 2*m 电堆 = k 电堆 , according to the one-dimensional equivalent stiffness mechanical model, the spring and the stack are in series, then the minimum stiffness of the spring is k 弹簧 = k 电堆 *k 堆栈 / (k 堆栈 -k 电堆 ), and finally the minimum value of the spring stiffness k 弹簧min is obtained.

[0072] (5) Determine the stiffness value: Based on the above calculation results, the stiffness range of the encapsulated spring can be obtained, and then the optimal value of the spring stiffness can be selected through performance tests.

[0073] In this embodiment of the invention, considering thermal expansion and contraction and resonance phenomena, a mechanical model is constructed based on the principles of force balance and energy conservation. Through the mechanical model, the spring stiffness suitable for use in battery stacks at different temperatures is calculated. This not only makes the calculation fast and convenient, but also effectively improves the efficiency of battery stack development.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] The spring stiffness calculation device provided in this embodiment includes multiple implementation units, each of which corresponds to a specific implementation step in Embodiment 1 above.

[0076] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an optional spring stiffness calculation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the computing device may include: a first computing unit 40, an acquisition unit 41, a second computing unit 42, and a determination unit 43, wherein...

[0077] The first calculation unit 40 is used to calculate the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack based on a preset stiffness mechanical model, and to calculate the stack deformation of the stack at a preset temperature.

[0078] Acquisition unit 41 is used to acquire the highest operating temperature, lowest operating temperature and preset conditions of the target battery stack;

[0079] The second calculation unit 42 is used to calculate, based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation, the first spring stiffness coefficient at the highest operating temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient at the lowest operating temperature, and the third spring stiffness coefficient under preset conditions in the target battery stack.

[0080] The determining unit 43 is used to determine the target stiffness coefficient of the spring based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient, and the third spring stiffness coefficient, using a preset strategy.

[0081] The computing device can calculate the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack based on the preset stiffness mechanics model through the first computing unit 40, calculate the stack deformation of the stack at the preset temperature, acquire the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature and the preset condition of the target battery stack through the acquisition unit 41, calculate the first spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest working temperature and the third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the preset condition based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation through the second computing unit 42, and determine the target stiffness coefficient of the spring based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient and the third spring stiffness coefficient through the determination unit 43 by using the preset strategy. In the embodiment of the application, the spring stiffness coefficients of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature and the preset condition can be calculated respectively according to the calculated stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation, so that the spring stiffness coefficient range is obtained, and then the target stiffness coefficient of the spring is determined in the spring stiffness coefficient range by using the preset strategy, which not only can calculate the spring stiffness suitable for the battery stack at different temperatures, but also can improve the work efficiency of the battery stack development, thereby solving the technical problem that the spring stiffness suitable for the battery stack cannot be calculated in the related art, and the performance of the battery stack is low.

[0082] Optionally, the computing device further comprises: a first characterization module, configured to characterize the target battery stack as an electric pile structure composed of a plurality of parallel springs and / or a plurality of series springs before calculating the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack based on the preset stiffness mechanics model, wherein the spring has a constant stiffness coefficient; and a second characterization module, configured to characterize the electric pile structure as the preset stiffness mechanics model.

[0083] Optionally, the stack comprises a plurality of components, wherein the plurality of components at least comprise a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode and a sealing ring, the bipolar plate has a constant stiffness coefficient, the membrane electrode has a constant stiffness coefficient, and the sealing ring has a constant stiffness coefficient.

[0084] Optionally, the first computing unit comprises: a first acquisition module, configured to acquire the elastic modulus, the cross-sectional area and the thickness of the plurality of components; a first calculation module, configured to calculate the component stiffness coefficient of the plurality of components based on the elastic modulus, the cross-sectional area and the thickness; and a second calculation module, configured to calculate the stack stiffness coefficient based on the component stiffness coefficient of the plurality of components.

[0085] Optionally, the second calculation unit comprises: a third calculation module, configured to calculate thermal expansion amounts of the plurality of components at the maximum operating temperature based on the preset thermal expansion coefficient, and calculate a total thermal expansion amount of the stack based on the thermal expansion amounts of the plurality of components; a fourth calculation module, configured to calculate a maximum face pressure value of the membrane electrode at the preset thermal expansion state; a fifth calculation module, configured to calculate a residual thermal expansion amount of the stack based on the maximum face pressure value; a sixth calculation module, configured to calculate a stack thermal expansion amount of the stack at the preset packaging state based on the total thermal expansion amount, the stack deformation amount, and the residual thermal expansion amount; and a seventh calculation module, configured to calculate the first spring stiffness coefficient based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack thermal expansion amount, and the total thermal expansion amount by using the preset first formula and the preset second formula.

[0086] Optionally, the second calculation unit further comprises: an eighth calculation module, configured to calculate cold contraction amounts of the plurality of components at the minimum operating temperature based on the preset thermal expansion coefficient, and calculate a total cold contraction amount of the stack based on the cold contraction amounts of the plurality of components; a ninth calculation module, configured to calculate a minimum face pressure value of the membrane electrode and a minimum pressure value of the sealing ring at the preset cold contraction state; a tenth calculation module, configured to calculate a residual cold contraction amount of the stack based on the minimum face pressure value and the minimum pressure value; an eleventh calculation module, configured to calculate a stack cold contraction amount of the stack at the preset packaging state based on the total cold contraction amount, the stack deformation amount, and the residual cold contraction amount; and a twelfth calculation module, configured to calculate the second spring stiffness coefficient based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack cold contraction amount, and the total cold contraction amount by using the preset third formula and the preset fourth formula.

[0087] Optionally, the second calculation unit further comprises: a second acquisition module, configured to acquire a preset external frequency and a mass value of the target battery stack; a thirteenth calculation module, configured to calculate a minimum stack stiffness coefficient of the target battery stack under the preset condition based on the preset external frequency and the mass value; and a fourteenth calculation module, configured to calculate the third spring stiffness coefficient based on the minimum stack stiffness coefficient and the stack stiffness coefficient.

[0088] The computing device described above can further comprise a processor and a memory, and the first calculation unit 40, the acquisition unit 41, the second calculation unit 42, the determination unit 43, and the like are stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the program units stored in the memory to realize the corresponding functions.

[0089] The processor described above comprises a core, and the core retrieves the corresponding program units from the memory. The core can be one or more, and the target stiffness coefficient of the spring is determined based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient, and the third spring stiffness coefficient by adjusting the core parameters and using the preset strategy.

[0090] The above-mentioned memory can include a non-permanent memory in a computer readable medium, a random access memory (RAM) and / or a non-volatile memory such as a read-only memory (ROM) or a flash memory (flash RAM), and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0091] The application also provides a computer program product adapted to execute the program of the following method steps when executed on a data processing device: based on a preset stiffness mechanical model, calculating a stack stiffness coefficient of a stack in a target battery stack, and calculating a stack deformation of the stack at a preset temperature, obtaining a highest working temperature, a lowest working temperature and a preset condition of the target battery stack, based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation, respectively calculating a first spring stiffness coefficient of a spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, a second spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the lowest working temperature, and a third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring at the preset condition, based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient and the third spring stiffness coefficient, using a preset strategy to determine a target stiffness coefficient of the spring.

[0092] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a vehicle is also provided, and the stiffness of a spring used for battery stack packaging of the vehicle is obtained by the above-mentioned spring stiffness calculation method.

[0093] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a vehicle-mounted electronic control unit is also provided, which includes one or more processors and a memory, and the memory is used to store one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the above-mentioned spring stiffness calculation method.

[0094] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, an electronic device is also provided, which includes one or more processors and a memory, and the memory is used to store one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the above-mentioned spring stiffness calculation method.

[0095] Figure 5 is a hardware structure block diagram of an electronic device (or a mobile device) for a spring stiffness calculation method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 5As shown, the electronic device can include one or more (shown as 102a, 102b, …, 102n) processors 102 (the processor 102 can include, but is not limited to, a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA), a memory 104 for storing data. In addition, it can also include a display, an input / output interface (I / O interface), a universal serial bus (USB) port (which can be included as one of the ports of the I / O interface), a network interface, a keyboard, a power supply and / or a camera. Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 5 The structure shown is only schematic, which does not limit the structure of the above-mentioned electronic device. For example, the electronic device can also include more or fewer components than Figure 5 shown in the above embodiments, or have a different configuration than Figure 5 shown in the above embodiments.

[0096] The above-mentioned embodiment numbers of the present application are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0097] In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the related description of other embodiments.

[0098] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented by other ways. Among them, the above-mentioned device embodiments are only schematic, for example, the division of the units can be a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division way, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units or modules shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, which can be electrical or other forms.

[0099] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e. they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple units. Part or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme according to actual needs.

[0100] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional unit.

[0101] The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application, essentially or in other words, the part that contributes to the prior art or the whole or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions to make a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0102] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, can make a number of improvements and refinements, these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of calculating spring rate, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: based on a preset stiffness mechanical model, calculating the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack, and calculating the stack deformation of the stack at a preset temperature; acquire the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature and preset conditions of the target battery stack, wherein the preset conditions are stack excitation frequency not resonating with the external excitation frequency resonating conditions; based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation, respectively calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient at the lowest working temperature, and the third spring stiffness coefficient under the preset condition; based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient and the third spring stiffness coefficient, using a preset strategy to determine the target stiffness coefficient of the spring; wherein, based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation, respectively calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack at the highest working temperature, the second spring stiffness coefficient at the lowest working temperature, and the third spring stiffness coefficient under the preset condition, including: based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack thermal expansion and the total thermal expansion of the stack, using a preset first formula and a preset second formula to calculate the first spring stiffness coefficient, wherein the preset first formula is a force balance formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack thermal expansion and the total thermal expansion, and the preset second formula is an energy conservation principle formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack thermal expansion and the total thermal expansion, and the stack thermal expansion is used to represent the thermal expansion of the stack under a preset packaging state; based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack cold shrinkage and the total cold shrinkage of the stack, using a preset third formula and a preset fourth formula to calculate the second spring stiffness coefficient, wherein the preset third formula is a force balance formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack cold shrinkage and the total cold shrinkage, and the preset fourth formula is an energy conservation principle formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack cold shrinkage and the total cold shrinkage, and the stack cold shrinkage is used to represent the cold shrinkage of the stack under the preset packaging state; based on the minimum stack stiffness coefficient and the stack stiffness coefficient, calculating the third spring stiffness coefficient, wherein the minimum stack stiffness coefficient represents the minimum stiffness of the target battery stack without resonance.

2. The computational method of claim 1, wherein, Before calculating the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack based on the preset stiffness mechanical model, the method further comprises the following steps: characterize the target battery stack as an electric pile structure composed of a plurality of parallel springs and / or a plurality of series springs, wherein the spring has a constant stiffness coefficient; characterize the electric pile structure as the preset stiffness mechanical model.

3. The computational method of claim 1, wherein, The stack comprises a plurality of components, wherein the plurality of components at least include a bipolar plate, a membrane electrode and a sealing ring, the bipolar plate has a constant stiffness coefficient, the membrane electrode has a constant stiffness coefficient, and the sealing ring has a constant stiffness coefficient.

4. The computational method of claim 3, wherein, The step of calculating the stack stiffness coefficient of the stack in the target battery stack comprises the following steps: obtain the elastic modulus, cross-sectional area and thickness of the plurality of components; calculating a component stiffness coefficient of the plurality of components based on the elastic modulus, the cross-sectional area, and the thickness; calculating the stack stiffness coefficient based on the component stiffness coefficients of the plurality of components.

5. The computational method of claim 3, wherein, The step of calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient, and the third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack under the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature, and the preset condition respectively based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount, further comprises: calculating a thermal expansion amount of the plurality of components under the highest working temperature based on a preset thermal expansion coefficient, and calculating a total thermal expansion amount of the stack based on the thermal expansion amount of the plurality of components; calculating a maximum face pressure value of the membrane electrode under a preset thermal expansion state; calculating a residual thermal expansion amount of the stack based on the maximum face pressure value; calculating a stack thermal expansion amount of the stack under the preset packaging state based on the total thermal expansion amount, the stack deformation amount, and the residual thermal expansion amount.

6. The computational method of claim 5, wherein, The step of calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient, and the third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack under the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature, and the preset condition respectively based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount, further comprises: calculating a cold contraction amount of the plurality of components under the lowest working temperature based on the preset thermal expansion coefficient, and calculating a total cold contraction amount of the stack based on the cold contraction amount of the plurality of components; calculating a minimum face pressure value of the membrane electrode and a minimum pressure value of the sealing ring under a preset cold contraction state; calculating a residual cold contraction amount of the stack based on the minimum face pressure value and the minimum pressure value; calculating a stack cold contraction amount of the stack under the preset packaging state based on the total cold contraction amount, the stack deformation amount, and the residual cold contraction amount.

7. The computational method of claim 6, wherein, The step of calculating the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient, and the third spring stiffness coefficient of the spring in the target battery stack under the highest working temperature, the lowest working temperature, and the preset condition respectively based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount, further comprises: obtaining a preset external frequency and a mass value of the target battery stack; calculating a minimum stack stiffness coefficient of the target battery stack under the preset condition based on the preset external frequency and the mass value.

8. A spring rate calculation device characterized by comprising: comprises: a first calculation unit configured to calculate a stack stiffness coefficient of a stack in a target battery stack based on a preset stiffness mechanics model, and to calculate a stack deformation amount of the stack under a preset temperature; The acquisition unit is configured to acquire a highest working temperature, a lowest working temperature and a preset condition of the target battery stack, wherein the preset condition is a stack excitation frequency not resonating with the external excitation frequency a condition of resonance a second calculation unit configured to calculate a first spring stiffness coefficient, a second spring stiffness coefficient, and a third spring stiffness coefficient of a spring in the target battery stack under a highest working temperature, a lowest working temperature, and a preset condition respectively based on the stack stiffness coefficient and the stack deformation amount; A determining unit is configured to determine a target stiffness coefficient of the spring based on the first spring stiffness coefficient, the second spring stiffness coefficient, and the third spring stiffness coefficient by using a preset strategy. The second calculating unit is further configured to: calculate the first spring stiffness coefficient based on the stack stiffness coefficient, a stack thermal expansion amount, and a total thermal expansion amount of the stack by using a preset first formula and a preset second formula, wherein the preset first formula is a force balance formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack thermal expansion amount, and the total thermal expansion amount, the preset second formula is an energy conservation principle formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack thermal expansion amount, and the total thermal expansion amount, and the stack thermal expansion amount is used to represent a thermal expansion amount of the stack in a preset packaging state; calculate the second spring stiffness coefficient based on the stack stiffness coefficient, a stack thermal contraction amount, and a total thermal contraction amount of the stack by using a preset third formula and a preset fourth formula, wherein the preset third formula is a force balance formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack thermal contraction amount, and the total thermal contraction amount, the preset fourth formula is an energy conservation principle formula based on the stack stiffness coefficient, the stack thermal contraction amount, and the total thermal contraction amount, and the stack thermal contraction amount is used to represent a thermal contraction amount of the stack in the preset packaging state; and calculate the third spring stiffness coefficient based on a minimum stack stiffness coefficient and the stack stiffness coefficient, wherein the minimum stack stiffness coefficient is used to represent a minimum stiffness at which the target battery stack does not resonate.

9. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The stiffness of the spring used for packaging the battery stack of the vehicle is obtained by the spring stiffness calculation method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An in-vehicle electronic control unit, characterized by comprising: The vehicle-mounted electronic control unit includes one or more processors and a memory, and the memory is configured to store one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the spring stiffness calculation method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

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