loudspeaker

Abstract

The application discloses a loudspeaker, which comprises a conductor, a conducting coil, a diaphragm, a magnet and a shell. The conducting coil is wrapped around the conductor. The diaphragm can vibrate along with the conductor. The magnet generates a magnetic field acting on the conductor. The conductor, the conducting coil, the diaphragm and the magnet are all installed on the shell. The application improves the high frequency response of the loudspeaker.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electro-acoustic transducer, in particular to a loudspeaker. BACKGROUND

[0002] Loudspeaker is a common electronic device in life, and the existing loudspeaker is mainly divided into moving iron type and moving coil type loudspeaker. The moving iron type loudspeaker makes the spring vibrate in the magnetic field through the magnetized spring, and drives the diaphragm to vibrate to make sound through the connecting rod. Due to the structure of the moving iron type loudspeaker, when the spring vibration frequency is high, mechanical resonance is easy to occur, which leads to the gradual deterioration of the high frequency response with the increase of frequency. SUMMARY

[0003] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a loudspeaker, which aims to improve the high frequency response of the loudspeaker.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the loudspeaker provided by the present application comprises:

[0005] A conductor;

[0006] A lead coil, which surrounds the conductor;

[0007] A diaphragm, which can vibrate with the conductor;

[0008] A magnet, which generates a magnetic field acting on the conductor; and

[0009] A shell, wherein the conductor, the lead coil, the diaphragm and the magnet are all installed on the shell.

[0010] Optionally, the material of the conductor is a ferromagnetic alloy material with magnetic permeability greater than or equal to 10 2 B / H and resistivity greater than or equal to 10 -4 Ω·m.

[0011] Optionally, the conductor has one end connected with the diaphragm, and the connection point is at the center of mass of the diaphragm.

[0012] Optionally, the conductor has multiple, and each of the multiple conductors is connected with the diaphragm.

[0013] Optionally, the lead coil has multiple, and each of the multiple lead coils surrounds one of the conductors.

[0014] Optionally, the lead coil has one, and the multiple conductors are all arranged in the lead coil.

[0015] Optionally, the loudspeaker further comprises a transmission lever, the conductor drives the diaphragm to vibrate through the transmission lever, and an equivalent fulcrum of the transmission lever is closer to a connecting point between the conductor and the transmission lever than to a connecting point between the transmission lever and the diaphragm.

[0016] Optionally, the loudspeaker further comprises a guide fixedly connected to the shell, the guide is used to limit the movement of the conductor and make the conductor move along the length direction of the conductor.

[0017] Optionally, the guide comprises a first guide and a second guide, the first guide is sleeved on one side of the conductor close to the magnet, and the second guide is sleeved on one side of the conductor away from the magnet.

[0018] Optionally, the guide comprises:

[0019] a limiting ring sleeved on the conductor; and

[0020] a limiting ring support connecting the limiting ring and the shell.

[0021] Optionally, the coil is directly fixed to the shell or indirectly fixed to the shell through a fixing member.

[0022] The technical scheme of the present application uses a conductor to replace the function of a reed in a moving-iron loudspeaker, so that the loudspeaker does not have mechanical resonance when emitting high-frequency sound, thereby improving the high-frequency response of the loudspeaker. Since the conductor is rigid, the speed of transverse wave or longitudinal wave propagating in the conductor is extremely high, while the speed of transverse wave propagating on the reed is much lower than the speed of transverse wave propagating in the conductor. Therefore, in the case of similar length, the natural frequency of transverse wave in the conductor is much higher than the natural frequency of transverse wave in the reed, so the conductor is less likely to produce mechanical resonance when the loudspeaker emits high-frequency sound. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from the structures shown in the drawings without creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the loudspeaker of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of another embodiment of the loudspeaker of the present application; wherein, Figure 2A shows a structure of actual transmission lever, Figure 2 B shows a structure of replacing actual transmission lever with equivalent transmission lever;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a conductor layout embodiment of the loudspeaker of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another conductor layout embodiment of the loudspeaker of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a guide structure embodiment of the loudspeaker of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another guide structure embodiment of the loudspeaker of the present application.

[0030] Brief Description of the Drawings:

[0031] Reference Name Reference Name 10 Conductor 70 Guide 20 Wire coil 71 First guide 30 Diaphragm 72 Second guide 40 Magnet 73 Limiting ring 50 Housing 74 Limiting ring support 60 Equivalent transmission lever 75 Air pressure balance port 61 Equivalent transmission lever fulcrum 76 Avoidance hole 80 Actual transmission lever 81 Actual transmission lever fulcrum

[0032] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] It should be noted that all directionality indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directionality indications also change accordingly.

[0035] In addition, the description of "first", "second" and the like in the present application is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the protection scope required by the present application.

[0036] The present application provides a loudspeaker.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment of the invention, the loudspeaker includes:

[0038] Conductor 10;

[0039] Conductor coil 20, conductor coil 20 is wrapped around conductor 10;

[0040] Diaphragm 30, diaphragm 30 can vibrate with conductor 10;

[0041] Magnet 40, the magnetic field generated by magnet 40 acts on conductor 10; and

[0042] The housing 50, conductor 10, coil 20, diaphragm 30 and magnet 40 are all mounted on the housing 50.

[0043] Traditional moving-coil loudspeakers use a voice coil to drive the diaphragm. The voice coil is essentially a current-carrying coil, and the force it experiences in a magnetic field depends on its size. Each segment of the wire in the voice coil has the same relationship to the strength of the magnetic field acting on it, and when the current in the voice coil is constant, the larger the voice coil, the greater the net force it experiences (assuming the net force is not zero). Therefore, traditional moving-coil loudspeakers cannot be made too small, because if they are too small, the voice coil will not have enough driving force to drive the diaphragm to vibrate. However, if the voice coil is made too large, since it is directly fixed to the diaphragm, the diaphragm also needs to be large, thus increasing the overall mass and inertia. Because loudspeakers need to produce different sounds, the vibration states of the voice coil and diaphragm are constantly changing; excessive inertia will lead to a deterioration in the loudspeaker's response.

[0044] Traditional moving-iron loudspeakers use magnetized reeds that vibrate in a magnetic field, causing the diaphragm to vibrate. On one hand, the reed's sheet-like structure results in a slower transverse wave velocity along its length, perpendicular to its plane. Consequently, the resonant frequency of the transverse wave in this direction is low, making the loudspeaker prone to mechanical resonance and distortion when playing high-frequency sounds. On the other hand, moving-iron loudspeakers have a complex structure, requiring high precision in manufacturing, resulting in higher production costs.

[0045] The present invention is as follows Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, by applying an electrical signal to the coil 20, the conductor 10 in the coil 20 is magnetized and then vibrates under force in the magnetic field generated by the magnet 40. Typically, the conductor 10 is made of a material with high permeability and high resistivity, for example, but not limited to, a permeability greater than or equal to 10. 2 B / H, resistivity greater than or equal to 10 -4Ferromagnetic alloy materials with a permeability of Ω·m (such as silicon steel, neodymium iron boron, ferrite, samarium cobalt, AlNiCo, iron-chromium-cobalt, etc.) are used. Under high permeability, only a small excitation magnetic field is needed to induce a magnetic field in conductor 10 that is much stronger than the excitation magnetic field. Under high resistivity, this prevents excessive heat generation in conductor 10 during operation, thus avoiding high temperatures. The force on the voice coil of a traditional moving-coil loudspeaker comes only from the reaction force of the magnetic field generated by the voice coil (similar to the magnetic field generated by the coil 20 in this embodiment) on the magnet 40. However, the force on conductor 10 in this embodiment is the reaction force of the induced magnetic field on the magnet 40. Therefore, under the same magnet 40 and excitation magnetic field, the force on conductor 10 is much greater than the force on the voice coil. Thus, this embodiment can achieve a smaller volume than a traditional moving-coil loudspeaker without sacrificing the driving force of the diaphragm 30. At the same time, if the embodiment of this technical solution is made larger, the driving force will be greater, which will reduce the impact of inertia and make it easier to ensure the response of the speaker.

[0046] The present invention is as follows Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment uses conductor 10 as the vibration source, ensuring rigidity in any direction perpendicular to the length of conductor 10. Therefore, the transverse or longitudinal waves propagating on conductor 10 have relatively high velocities, resulting in a higher intrinsic frequency in any direction compared to the intrinsic frequency of a transverse wave propagating along its length perpendicular to its plane in a reed structure. Consequently, this embodiment is less prone to mechanical resonance when playing high-frequency sounds, resulting in a better high-frequency response. Furthermore, the structure of this embodiment is closer to that of a traditional moving-coil loudspeaker, making it simpler and requiring less precision in manufacturing compared to traditional balanced-iron loudspeakers, thus reducing production costs.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 Optionally, conductor 10 is provided, with one end connected to diaphragm 30 at its center of mass. According to the principles of mechanics, any force acting on an object can be decomposed into a force passing through the object's center of mass and a couple. The magnitude and direction of the decomposed force are the same as the original force; the couple is the force of the original force relative to the center of mass. Therefore, if a force acts on an object but does not pass through its center of mass, it will cause a rotational effect. Connecting conductor 10 to the center of mass of diaphragm 30 ensures that the force exerted by conductor 10 on diaphragm 30 passes through the center of mass, preventing diaphragm 30 from rotating during vibration. This arrangement allows as much energy as possible to be used to vibrate diaphragm 30, thereby causing air vibration to produce sound, without wasting energy on rotating diaphragm 30.

[0048] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4Optionally, there are multiple conductors 10, and each of the multiple conductors 10 is connected to the diaphragm 30. When the embodiment of the present application is to be made into a large loudspeaker, the arrangement of only one conductor 10 as shown in Figure 3 may not be able to drive the entire diaphragm 30 to vibrate fully, and the driving force of one conductor 10 is also limited for a larger diaphragm 30. At this time, multiple conductors 10 can be arranged as shown in Figure 4 . Each conductor 10 has the same driving force under the same magnetic field magnetization, so the more the conductors 10, the greater the driving force. Moreover, the multiple conductors 10 are not distributed in the center, but are dispersed, which can make the driving force act directly on multiple places of the diaphragm 30, so that the diaphragm 30 vibrates fully. The number of conductors 10 is not limited to four as shown in Figure 4 , but can be increased or decreased according to needs. At the same time, in the top view as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the geometric center of the conductors 10 as a whole can coincide with the center of mass of the diaphragm 30, so as to avoid the rotation of the diaphragm 30.

[0049] Optionally, there are multiple conductive coils, and each conductive coil surrounds one conductor. After such an arrangement, the magnetic field distribution volume in the conductive coil is minimized. There is energy in the magnetic field, and according to the electromagnetism theory, the energy density is one half of the scalar product of the magnetic induction intensity vector and the magnetic field intensity vector. The energy is the integral of the energy density over the magnetic field distribution space. Therefore, when the conductive coil generates the same excitation magnetic field for the conductor, the greater the excitation magnetic field distribution, the more energy the conductive coil needs to input, and the greater the required power. Surrounding one conductor with one conductive coil can minimize the excitation magnetic field distribution space, so as to reduce the energy required by the embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Referring to Figure 4 , optionally, there is one conductive coil 20, and the multiple conductors 10 are all arranged in the conductive coil 20. When there are multiple conductors 10, the multiple conductors 10 should be driven by the same driving force, otherwise different waves on the diaphragm 30 will interfere with each other to cause distortion. When the conductors 10 are uniformly distributed in the conductive coil 20, each conductor 10 will naturally be subjected to the same excitation magnetic field, so as to generate the same induced magnetic field, and finally be subjected to the same driving force. In this way, the synchronization of the conductors 10 is better, and distortion is less likely to occur.

[0051] Referring to Figure 2Furthermore, the loudspeaker also includes a transmission lever. The conductor 10 drives the diaphragm 30 to vibrate via the transmission lever. The equivalent fulcrum of the transmission lever is closer to the connection point between the conductor 10 and the transmission lever than to the connection point between the transmission lever and the diaphragm 30. The equivalent fulcrum refers to the connection between the actual transmission lever 80 and the two ends connecting the conductor 10 and the diaphragm 30 using a straight lever; this straight lever is the equivalent lever (e.g., ...). Figure 2 A shows the actual transmission lever 80, as shown. Figure 2 Figure B shows the structure after replacing the actual transmission lever 80 with the equivalent transmission lever 60. The equivalent fulcrum is the fulcrum on the equivalent lever, and the equivalent fulcrum should satisfy the following geometric conditions: When the actual lever is in action, the conductor 10 has a displacement of magnitude d1, causing the connection point between the diaphragm 30 and the actual lever to have a displacement of magnitude d2. Then, when the equivalent lever is in action, the conductor 10 has the same displacement of magnitude d1, and the connection point between the diaphragm 30 and the equivalent lever will have a displacement of magnitude d2. As an electroacoustic transducer, the loudspeaker essentially converts electrical energy into sound energy. The input energy of the loudspeaker is the integral of the product of the input current and the input voltage over time. When the input signal remains constant, the energy input to the loudspeaker per unit time is constant. Inevitably, some of this energy is converted into heat and dissipated due to resistance, but most of the energy is used to power the vibration of the conductor 10 and the diaphragm 30. The energy of a vibrating object is essentially kinetic energy, which is related to the object's mass and velocity. It's readily apparent that for conductor 10 and diaphragm 30, the higher the vibration frequency and the greater the vibration amplitude, the greater the maximum velocity within one vibration cycle. Average kinetic energy is the integral of instantaneous kinetic energy over time, then averaged over time. It's readily apparent that for the same vibration pattern, the greater the maximum velocity within one vibration cycle, the greater the average kinetic energy. For a loudspeaker, besides the energy required for air vibration, the energy required for other mechanical vibrations is wasted. However, a loudspeaker needs to emit sounds of different frequencies, so reducing the vibration frequency of conductor 10 and diaphragm 30 cannot reduce the wasted energy. Conductor 10 cannot be made infinitely lighter to reduce wasted energy in order to obtain driving force. Therefore, the only way to reduce wasted energy is to reduce the vibration amplitude of conductor 10. However, according to the propagation characteristics of linear elastic waves, the average energy flux density of a linear elastic wave depends entirely on its amplitude. Therefore, to convert more electrical energy into sound energy, the amplitude of conductor 10 should be as small as possible, and the amplitude of diaphragm 30 should be as large as possible. Figure 2 As shown in Figure A, an actual transmission lever 80 is set up, and its actual transmission lever fulcrum 81 has a... Figure 2The equivalent transmission lever fulcrum 61 shown in B is closer to the connecting point of the conductor 10 than to the connecting point of the diaphragm 30, so from a geometric point of view, the equivalent transmission lever 60 can cause a small displacement of the conductor 10, that is, a large displacement of the diaphragm 30. According to the definition of the equivalent transmission lever fulcrum 61, it can be concluded that the actual transmission lever 80 can be arranged to make the amplitude of the conductor 10 as small as possible and the amplitude of the diaphragm 30 as large as possible.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 Further, the loudspeaker further comprises a guide 70 fixedly connected to the shell 50, and the guide 70 is used to limit the movement of the conductor 10, so that the conductor 10 moves along the length direction of the conductor 10. The conductor 10 is directly connected to the diaphragm 30 or the transmission lever, and the guide 70 is additionally provided to make the movement more stable, so as to avoid the internal structure of the loudspeaker from being damaged due to the movement of the conductor 10 not along the length direction. The guide 70 can be a plate with a certain thickness, the edge of which is fixed to the shell 50, and the middle part is provided with a clearance hole for sleeving the conductor 10, and the thickness of the plate prevents the conductor 10 from rotating. The guide 70 can also be a bracket, one end of which is connected to the shell 50, and the other end is connected to a ring with a certain thickness, the ring is sleeved on the conductor 10, and the thickness of the ring prevents the conductor 10 from rotating.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 Optionally, the guide 70 is divided into two parts, namely a first guide 71 and a second guide 72, the first guide 71 is sleeved on one side of the conductor 10 close to the magnet 40, and the second guide 72 is sleeved on the other side of the conductor 10 away from the magnet 40, that is, on the opposite side of the first guide 71. As described above, according to the principle of mechanics, any force acting on an object can be decomposed into a force passing through the center of mass of the object and a force couple, the decomposed force has the same size and direction as the original force; the decomposed force couple is the force couple of the original force relative to the center of mass. Therefore, if forces with the same size act on an object, the farther the distance from the center of mass, the larger the decomposed force couple, and the stronger the rotating effect. However, if the limiting point is farther away from the center of mass, the effect of preventing the object from rotating is stronger, so the guide 70 is divided into two parts, which are arranged on both sides of the conductor 10, so that the limiting points are farther away from the center of mass of the conductor 10, and the limiting effect is better. However, the guide 70 is not arranged at the end of the conductor 10, because the conductor 10 moves in the length direction, and if the guide 70 is arranged at the end of the conductor 10, the conductor 10 will be separated from the guide 70 when vibrating, so that the guide 70 loses its effect.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 andFigure 6 Optionally, the guide 70 comprises:

[0055] a limiting ring 73 sleeved on the conductor 10; and

[0056] a limiting ring holder 74 connecting the limiting ring 73 and the shell 50 and keeping the relative position of the limiting ring 73 and the shell 50 unchanged.

[0057] As shown in Figure 5 , since the air pressure will change when the loudspeaker drives the diaphragm 30 to vibrate, the diaphragm 30, the shell 50 and the guide 70 cannot form a closed space. Therefore, a frame structure is adopted to maximize the diaphragm 30, the shell 50 and the guide 70 cannot form a closed space. But at the same time, a disc structure as shown in Figure 6 can also be used, but the disc needs to be dug with an air pressure balance port 75 and an avoidance hole 76. The air pressure balance port 75 makes the diaphragm 30, the shell 50 and the guide 70 cannot form a closed space, and the avoidance hole 76 is sleeved on the conductor 10 and plays a guiding role.

[0058] Optionally, the coil is directly fixed on the shell or the coil is indirectly fixed on the shell through a fixing member. Since the coil is stationary during the loudspeaker sound production process, it can be directly fixed on the shell. However, when there are multiple coils respectively surrounding multiple conductors, the multiple coils need to be as close as possible to the conductors, so they cannot be directly fixed on the shell. At this time, a separate fixing holder can be designed for the coil. One end of the holder is fixed on the shell, and the other end is fixed on the coil, which plays a role in fixing the coil. The first guide and the second guide can also clamp the coil from both sides. Since the first guide and the second guide are fixed on the shell, the relative position of the coil and the first guide or the second guide is fixed, and the coil is indirectly fixed on the shell.

[0059] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the inventive concept of the present application, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker, characterized by The loudspeaker comprises: a conductor; a coil of wire, which is wound around the conductor; a diaphragm, which is capable of vibrating with the conductor; a magnet, which generates a magnetic field acting on the conductor; and a housing, on which the conductor, the coil of wire, the diaphragm and the magnet are mounted, the coil of wire and the magnet being fixed relative to the housing, the loudspeaker further comprising a guide, which is fixedly connected to the housing, the guide being used to limit the movement of the conductor, so that the conductor moves along the length direction of the conductor. The conductor is one, and one end of the conductor is connected to the diaphragm at the center of mass of the diaphragm.

2. The loudspeaker of claim 1, wherein The material of the conductor is a ferromagnetic alloy material with magnetic permeability greater than or equal to 10 2 B / H, resistivity greater than or equal to 10 -4 Ω·m.

3. The loudspeaker of claim 1, wherein The conductor is a plurality, and each of the plurality of conductors is connected to the diaphragm.

4. The loudspeaker of claim 1, wherein The coil of wire is a plurality, and each coil of wire is wound around one of the conductors; or 5. The loudspeaker of claim 4, wherein, The coil of wire is one, and the plurality of conductors are arranged through the coil of wire. The loudspeaker further comprises a transmission lever, the conductor drives the diaphragm to vibrate through the transmission lever, and the equivalent fulcrum of the transmission lever is closer to the connection point between the transmission lever and the conductor than to the connection point between the transmission lever and the diaphragm.

6. The loudspeaker of claim 1, wherein The guide comprises a first guide and a second guide, the first guide is sleeved on the side of the conductor close to the magnet, and the second guide is sleeved on the side of the conductor away from the magnet.

7. A loudspeaker as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that, The guide comprises:

8. The loudspeaker of claim 7, wherein a limiting ring, which is sleeved on the conductor; and a limiting ring support, which connects the limiting ring and the housing. The coil of wire is directly fixed to the housing or indirectly fixed to the housing through a fixing member.

9. The loudspeaker of claim 1, wherein ​

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