A surface replacement combined hip joint prosthesis

Abstract

This application relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to a surface-replacement modular hip prosthesis comprising an acetabular cup and a femoral stem prosthesis connected to the acetabular cup. The femoral stem prosthesis comprises a femoral body, a femoral neck detachably connected to one end of the femoral body, a distal body detachably connected to the other end of the femoral body, and a connecting assembly for integrally connecting the femoral stem body, femoral neck, and distal body. This application can reduce the cycle time and cost of customizing hip prostheses and improve the versatility of hip prostheses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a surface replacement combined hip joint prosthesis. Background Art

[0002] Hip replacement, also known as artificial hip replacement, is a mature and reliable treatment method in which an artificial prosthesis, including the femoral part and the acetabulum part connected to the femoral part, is fixed to normal bone using bone cement and screws to replace the diseased joint and reconstruct the normal function of the patient's hip joint.

[0003] Existing hip prostheses are designed and processed into appropriate sizes according to the patient's condition and the required prosthesis size to meet the patient's needs.

[0004] However, the customization cycle of customized hip prostheses is long and expensive, and customized hip prostheses are not universal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the cycle and cost of customizing hip joint prostheses and improve the versatility of hip joint prostheses, the present application provides a surface replacement combined hip joint prosthesis.

[0006] The present application provides a surface replacement combined hip joint prosthesis adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A surface replacement combined hip joint prosthesis includes an acetabular cup and a femoral stem prosthesis connected to the acetabular cup. The femoral stem prosthesis includes a femoral body, a femoral neck detachably connected to one end of the femoral body, a distal body detachably connected to the other end of the femoral body, and a connecting assembly for connecting the femoral stem body, femoral neck and distal body into one.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, the femoral body, femoral neck, and distal body of appropriate sizes can be selected based on the size of the patient's femoral cross-section. The selected femoral body, femoral neck, and distal body are then connected together, so that the assembled femoral stem prosthesis meets the patient's needs. By selecting femoral bodies, femoral necks, and distal bodies of different sizes, a femoral stem prosthesis that meets the patient's needs can be assembled without the need for additional customization, greatly reducing the customization cycle and production cost of the femoral stem prosthesis. During production, only femoral bodies, femoral necks, and distal bodies of different sizes need to be produced, greatly improving the versatility of the prosthesis.

[0009] Optionally, the femoral body and the femoral neck are both internally hollow structures, and the connecting component includes a connecting column that is simultaneously inserted into the interior of the femoral body and the interior of the femoral neck.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection between the femoral body and the femoral neck can be achieved through the connecting column.

[0011] Optionally, the connecting assembly further comprises a threaded column fixedly connected to one end of the distal body facing the femoral main body, and the threaded column is threadedly connected to the connecting column.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection between the distal body and the femoral body can be achieved through the connection between the threaded column and the first rod.

[0013] Optionally, the connecting assembly further comprises a locking pin disposed at an end of the femoral neck away from the femoral body, and the locking pin is threadedly connected to the connecting column.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the femoral neck and the second rod can be connected by the locking nail, thereby preventing the femoral neck from sliding off the second rod.

[0015] Optionally, an embedding groove for embedding the nail head of the locking nail is formed at one end of the femoral neck away from the femoral body.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the nail rod of the locking nail is screwed onto the second rod, the nail head of the locking nail will abut against the end of the femoral neck away from the femoral body, thereby preventing the femoral neck from slipping off the second rod.

[0017] Optionally, the femoral neck includes a neck shoulder located on the side close to the femoral body and a mounting head fixed to the neck shoulder on the side away from the femoral body. The acetabulum cup includes an outer cup body and an inner cup body rotatably connected to the outer cup body. A fixing head is fixed to the inside of the inner cup body, and a mounting groove is provided on the fixing head to be plugged into and matched with the mounting head.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection between the femoral stem prosthesis and the acetabulum cup is achieved through the plug-in cooperation between the mounting head and the mounting groove. The setting of the neck and shoulder makes it possible to fix the extreme position of the femoral stem prosthesis inserted into the human femur, thereby reducing the sinking of the femoral stem prosthesis.

[0019] Optionally, the mounting head is in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid or a cone as a whole.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the mounting head is installed in the mounting groove, when the human body walks to drive the femoral stem prosthesis to rotate, the mounting head can drive the inner cup body to rotate in the outer cup body.

[0021] Optionally, an annular groove is provided on the outer wall of the femoral body, and a plurality of the annular grooves are spaced apart along the axial direction of the femoral body.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the provision of the annular groove can increase the friction between the femoral stem prosthesis and the human femur, thereby ensuring the installation stability of the femoral stem prosthesis.

[0023] Optionally, the cross-section of the annular groove is in the shape of a right-angled triangle, and the right-angled side of the annular groove is located on the side facing the distal body.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the femoral stem prosthesis is installed on the human femur, the triangular right-angled side of the annular groove will abut against the human femur, thereby preventing the femoral stem prosthesis from sinking and ensuring the installation stability of the femoral stem prosthesis.

[0025] Optionally, a limiting ridge is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the femoral body, and a plurality of limiting ridges are arranged at intervals around the axis of the femoral body.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the limiting edge can increase the circumferential stability of the femoral body after installation and reduce the rotation of the femoral stem prosthesis under the action of external force after installation.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. This application provides a femoral stem prosthesis with a detachably connected femoral body, femoral neck, and distal body. This allows for mass production of femoral bodies, femoral necks, and distal bodies of varying sizes during manufacturing. During surgery, femoral bodies, femoral necks, and distal bodies of appropriate sizes can be selected and assembled together based on the patient's condition to meet the surgical needs of different patients. This significantly reduces the cycle and cost of customizing hip prostheses and improves the versatility of hip prostheses.

[0029] 2. This application provides a femoral stem prosthesis for installation on the human femur, so that during surgery, the femur can be cut according to the extent of the patient's lesion. Then, a femoral stem prosthesis of appropriate size can be selected based on the cut size and installed on the human femur, without requiring the entire femur to be resected and replaced. This preserves the femur to the greatest extent possible and reduces damage to the human body.

[0030] 3. The setting of the connecting component can realize the connection between the femoral main body, femoral neck and distal body, making it easy to connect femoral main bodies, femoral necks and distal bodies of various sizes together as needed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a main view full cutaway diagram of this application.

[0033] Figure 3 The present invention is to show the structural diagram of the existing femoral stem prosthesis installed on the human femur.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram to illustrate the structure of the femoral stem prosthesis installed on the human femur in this application.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the surface replacement combined hip joint prosthesis of the present application installed on the human body.

[0036] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Acetabular cup; 11. Outer cup body; 111. Mounting bolt; 112. Mounting ear; 113. Mounting hole; 12. Inner cup body; 13. Fixing head; 131. Mounting groove; 2. Femoral stem prosthesis; 21. Femoral neck; 211. Neck shoulder; 212. Mounting head; 213. Embedding groove; 22. Femoral body; 221. Annular groove; 222. Limiting edge; 23. Distal body; 3. Connecting assembly; 31. Connecting column; 311. First rod; 312. Second rod; 32. Locking nail; 33. Threaded column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.

[0038] The present application discloses a surface replacement combined hip joint prosthesis. Figure 1 The surface replacement combined hip joint prosthesis includes an acetabular cup 1 and a femoral stem prosthesis 2 connected to the acetabular cup 1.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The femoral stem prosthesis 2 includes a femoral neck 21 for connecting to the acetabular cup 1, a femoral body 22 detachably connected to the end of the femoral neck 21 away from the acetabular cup 1, a distal body 23 detachably connected to the end of the femoral body 22 away from the femoral neck 21, and a connecting component 3 for connecting the femoral body 22, the femoral neck 21 and the distal body 23 into one. The femoral body 22 is manufactured by 3D printing. During the operation, the femoral body 22 of appropriate size can be selected according to the needs of the operation, and then the femoral body 22, the femoral neck 21 and the distal body 23 are connected together by the connecting component 3 to meet the needs of different patients, without the need to customize the entire hip joint prosthesis for the customer, which greatly reduces the customization cycle and customization cost of the customized hip joint prosthesis and improves the versatility of the hip joint.

[0040] Among them, the distal body 23 is bullet-shaped as a whole, and the diameter of the distal body 23 gradually decreases from the end close to the femoral main body 22 to the end away from the femoral main body 22, so that during installation, the end of the distal body 23 away from the femoral main body 22 can be directed toward the human femur, and the femoral stem prosthesis 2 can be installed on the human femur.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 The femoral body 22 and the femoral neck 21 are both hollow, and the connecting assembly 3 includes a connecting post 31 that is inserted into both the femoral body 22 and the femoral neck 21. The connecting post 31 includes a first rod 311 that is slidably connected to the femoral body 22 and a second rod 312 that is slidably connected to the femoral neck 21. The diameter of the first rod 311 is larger than the diameter of the second rod 312, so that a step surface is formed between the first rod 311 and the second rod 312.

[0042] The connecting assembly 3 also includes a locking pin 32 arranged at the end of the femoral neck 21 away from the femoral body 22. The locking pin 32 is threadedly connected to the second rod 312. The pin head of the locking pin 32 is located on the side of the femoral neck 21 away from the femoral body 22, so that the femoral neck 21 can be clamped and fixed on the second rod 312 through the step surface between the first rod 311 and the second rod 312 and the locking pin 32, thereby fixing the position of the femoral neck 21 on the second rod 312.

[0043] An embedding groove 213 for the head of the locking pin 32 to be embedded is provided at one end of the femoral neck 21 away from the femoral body 22 , so as to reduce the obstruction caused by the head of the locking pin 32 being exposed to the outside to the connection between the femoral neck 21 and the acetabulum cup 1 .

[0044] The connecting assembly 3 also includes a threaded column 33 fixed to the end of the distal body 23 facing the femoral body 22. The threaded column 33 is threadedly connected to the first rod 311, and the diameter of the end of the distal body 23 facing the femoral body 22 is larger than the diameter of the inner hole of the femoral body 22, so that when the threaded column 33 is screwed on the first rod 311, the femoral body 22 will be clamped between the femoral neck 21 and the distal body 23 to fix the position of the femoral body 22 on the first rod 311, thereby completing the connection between the femoral neck 21, the femoral body 22 and the distal body 23.

[0045] The axes of the first rod 311 and the second rod 312 can be aligned or offset. When the axes of the first rod 311 and the second rod 312 are offset, the axis of the acetabular cup 1 installed in the human hip joint is vertically offset from the axis of the femoral stem prosthesis 2, thereby reducing the probability of rotation of the installed hip prosthesis and significantly increasing the anti-rotation capability of the hip prosthesis.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 The acetabular cup 1 includes an outer cup body 11 and an inner cup body 12 rotatably connected to the outer cup body 11. The inner cup body 12 is designed as a super semicircular shape to ensure that the inner cup body 12 fully rotates in the outer cup body 11 without being separated from the outer cup body 11.

[0047] The femoral neck 21 includes a neck shoulder 211 located on a side close to the femoral body 22 and a mounting head 212 fixedly connected to the neck shoulder 211 on a side away from the femoral body 22. The mounting head 212 is in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid or a cone, and the circumference of the mounting head 212 gradually decreases from the side close to the neck shoulder 211 to the side away from the neck shoulder 211. At the same time, a fixing head 13 is fixedly connected to the inner cup body 12, and a mounting groove 131 is provided on the fixing head 13 for the mounting head 212 to be embedded. By inserting the mounting head 212 into the mounting groove 131, the femoral stem prosthesis 2 and the acetabular cup 1 can be connected. When the mounting head 212 is in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid as a whole, the probability of relative rotation between the femoral stem prosthesis 2 and the acetabular cup 1 after the two are connected can also be avoided, thereby ensuring the installation stability between the femoral stem prosthesis 2 and the acetabular cup 1.

[0048] Mounting bolts 111 are installed through the inner and outer sides of the outer cup body 11 , and the outer cup body 11 is connected and fixed by the mounting bolts 111 .

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A mounting ear 112 is fixed to the open end of the outer cup body 11, and the mounting ear 112 is bent outward. A plurality of mounting ears 112 can be arranged at intervals around the circumference of the open end of the outer cup body 11, and a mounting hole 113 is opened on each mounting ear 112, which is convenient for fixing the acetabular cup 1 by inserting a screw into the mounting hole 113 and screwing it on the human body.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In order to increase the stability of the femoral stem prosthesis 2 installed on the human femur, an annular groove 221 is opened on the side wall of the femoral body 22. A plurality of annular grooves 221 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the femoral body 22, which can increase the friction force of the femoral body 22 installed on the human femur and increase the stability of the femoral stem prosthesis 2 after installation.

[0051] In which, the cross-section of the annular groove 221 can be a right triangle, and the right-angled side of the triangle of the annular groove 221 is located on the side facing the distal body 23, so that when the femoral stem prosthesis 2 is installed on the human femur, the right-angled side of the annular groove 221 will abut against the human femur to reduce the sinking of the femoral stem prosthesis 2.

[0052] At the same time, a limiting rib 222 is fixedly attached to the sidewall of the femoral body 22. The length direction of the limiting rib 222 is consistent with the length direction of the femoral body 22. Multiple limiting ribs 222 are provided at intervals around the axis of the femoral body 22. This application uses eight limiting ribs 222 as an example for description. The provision of the limiting rib 222 can fix the circumferential position of the femoral body 22, reducing the probability of the femoral stem prosthesis 2 rotating under external forces after being installed on the human femur.

[0053] Reference Figure 3 , is a schematic diagram of an existing femoral stem prosthesis installed on a human femur. It can be seen that when the femoral stem prosthesis is installed, the femoral neck of the human femur needs to be resected. More femur is resected, and less femur is retained in the human body. Figure 4 and Figure 5 , which is a structural diagram of the surface replacement combined hip prosthesis of the present application installed on the human femur. After the surface replacement combined hip prosthesis is installed on the human femur, it is only necessary to cut the end of the human femur flat to ensure the installation of the prosthesis without removing the femoral neck of the human femur. The human femur is retained to the greatest extent, reducing damage to the patient and improving the speed of postoperative recovery.

[0054] The embodiment of the present application discloses a surface replacement combined hip prosthesis, which operates as follows: During surgery, the femoral body 22 and distal body 23 of appropriate size are selected based on the extent of resection of the lesion on the patient's femur. The femoral body 22 and distal body 23 are secured to the femoral neck 21 via the connecting assembly 3. The femoral stem prosthesis 2 is then inserted into the femur until the side of the femoral neck 21 facing the femoral body 22 abuts against the sidewall of the femur. Finally, the acetabular cup 1 is installed on the patient, and the mounting head 212 is inserted into the mounting slot 131 on the acetabular cup 1 to complete the surgical installation. During the early production of hip prostheses, femoral bodies 22 of different sizes can be mass-produced. During surgery, the appropriate femoral body 22 can be selected for use according to the patient's condition. Of course, the femoral body 22 of appropriate shape and size can also be customized according to the different conditions of each patient, and then the customized femoral body 22 can be connected to the femoral neck 21 and the distal body 23, without the need to customize the entire hip prosthesis separately. This greatly reduces the time and cost spent on customization and improves the versatility of the hip prosthesis. Moreover, since the femoral stem prosthesis 2 of the present application can be installed on the human femur, compared to the existing method of directly replacing the human femur with an integrated femoral stem prosthesis 2, the present application can retain the patient's intact femur to the greatest extent, reduce the patient's damage, and facilitate subsequent revision work.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A surface replacement combined hip joint prosthesis, characterized by: The invention comprises an acetabular cup (1) and a femoral stem prosthesis (2) connected to the acetabular cup (1), wherein the femoral stem prosthesis (2) comprises a femoral body (22), a femoral neck (21) detachably connected to one end of the femoral body (22), a distal body (23) detachably connected to the other end of the femoral body (22), and a connecting assembly (3) for connecting the femoral stem body, the femoral neck (21) and the distal body (23) into one body. The femoral neck (21) includes a neck shoulder (211) located on a side close to the femoral body (22) and a mounting head (212) fixedly connected to the neck shoulder (211) on a side away from the femoral body (22); the acetabular cup (1) includes an outer cup body (11) and an inner cup body (12) rotatably connected to the outer cup body (11); a fixing head (13) is fixedly connected to the interior of the inner cup body (12); and a mounting groove (131) is provided on the fixing head (13) for plugging and matching with the mounting head (212); The mounting head (212) is in the shape of a quadrangular pyramid or a cone as a whole; An annular groove (221) is provided on the outer wall of the femoral body (22), and a plurality of annular grooves (221) are provided at intervals along the axial direction of the femoral body (22); The cross section of the annular groove (221) is in the shape of a right-angled triangle, and the right-angled side of the annular groove (221) is located on the side facing the distal body (23); A limiting ridge (222) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the femoral body (22), and a plurality of limiting ridges (222) are arranged at intervals around the axis of the femoral body (22); The femoral body (22) and the femoral neck (21) are both internally hollow structures, and the connecting component (3) includes a connecting column (31) that is simultaneously inserted into the interior of the femoral body (22) and the interior of the femoral neck (21); The connecting assembly (3) further comprises a locking pin (32) arranged at an end of the femoral neck (21) away from the femoral body (22), wherein the locking pin (32) is threadedly connected to the connecting column (31); The connecting post (31) includes a first rod (311) slidably connected to the inside of the femoral body (22) and a second rod (312) slidably connected to the inside of the femoral neck (21), wherein the diameter of the first rod (311) is larger than the diameter of the second rod (312), so that a step surface is formed between the first rod (311) and the second rod (312); The axes of the first rod (311) and the second rod (312) are coincident or staggered; The side of the femoral neck (21) facing the femoral body (22) is used for abutting against the femoral head of a human body.

2. The surface replacement combined hip joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting assembly (3) further comprises a threaded column (33) fixedly connected to one end of the distal body (23) facing the femoral body (22), and the threaded column (33) is threadedly connected to the connecting column (31).

3. The surface replacement combined hip joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: An embedding groove (213) for embedding the nail head of the locking nail (32) is provided at one end of the femoral neck (21) away from the femoral body (22).

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