A pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine. On the basis of an existing single-sided ring polishing machine, the structure of the machine body is retained unchanged, and by modifying the loading components of the workpiece, the upper plate and the lower plate can be rotated separately without adding a motor drive, so that the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece can be polished at the same time, and the modification effect is obvious and the modification cost is low; at the same time, the existing weight loading is changed to pneumatic loading, which can improve the loading accuracy of the ring polishing machine; in addition, since the working surface size is small, the cost of the polishing pad and the polishing liquid is also low, which is more suitable for small batch processing, especially process trial production, and the process can be adjusted at any time, which is convenient for flexible design and testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine, which is particularly suitable for processing small batches of thin-sheet workpieces. Background Art

[0002] At present, most ring polishing machines are mainly used for small-batch single-sided grinding of thin workpieces. They only have one grinding disc, and its load is provided by a certain mass of weights superimposed on the carrier. The ring polishing motor drives the workpiece and the weight to rotate, and the spindle motor drives the grinding disc to rotate. The bottom surface of the workpiece is ground by the grinding disc. The operation is inconvenient and the loading is not accurate enough during the grinding process. The double-sided grinder can grind the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece at the same time, with high grinding efficiency and good consistency of the upper and lower surfaces. However, the rotation of the upper and lower discs of the double-sided grinder requires motor drive. The machine tool size is relatively large, and the large working area leads to large sizes of the upper and lower polishing pads. The required grinding tools are relatively expensive, and the loss of abrasives and polishing liquid is large. Therefore, the double-sided grinder is not only expensive in machine tool cost, but also has large loss of polishing pads and polishing liquid. It is not economical in product trial production and small batch production, and is not suitable for flexible adjustment of the process in the trial production stage.

[0003] Therefore, if the existing single-sided grinding ring polishing machine can be transformed into a double-sided ring polishing machine, the upper and lower plates can be rotated separately without adding an additional motor drive, which will greatly reduce costs and facilitate production. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a pneumatically loaded double-sided ring polishing machine that can be suitable for product trial production and small-batch production. The existing single-sided ring polishing machine is modified to realize the separate rotation of the upper and lower plates without an additional motor drive. The pneumatic loading method is used to replace the weight load, thereby improving the grinding efficiency and quality and reducing the difficulty of operation.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine, comprising a machine body, a working groove is arranged in the middle of the machine body, a spindle motor is arranged in the machine body, a spindle tray connected to the spindle motor is placed in the working groove, and two ring polishing motors are arranged on the machine body, and the two ring polishing motors are respectively located on both sides of the working groove; the machine body is characterized in that it also includes a lower grinding disc, a lower grinding pad, a central pinion, a workpiece limiting gear disc, a limiting inner gear ring, an upper grinding pad, an upper grinding disc, an outer gear ring, a ring polishing machine gear and a cylinder;

[0007] The lower grinding pad is attached to the upper surface of the lower grinding disc, and the upper grinding pad is attached to the lower surface of the upper grinding disc;

[0008] The lower grinding disc is fixedly mounted on the spindle tray, and the center pinion is fixedly mounted on the lower grinding disc;

[0009] The outer side surface of the limiting inner gear ring is a one-step structure, and the limiting inner gear ring is fixedly installed on the working groove in a manner that the small outer diameter faces downward, the small outer diameter of the limiting inner gear ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the working groove, and the large outer diameter of the limiting inner gear ring is larger than the inner diameter of the working groove; the inner tooth surface of the limiting inner gear ring is directly opposite to the outer tooth surface of the center pinion, and the workpiece limiting gear plate is meshed with the center pinion and the limiting inner gear ring at the same time to form a planetary gear system, and the workpiece to be processed is placed in the workpiece placement hole on the workpiece limiting gear plate;

[0010] The outer gear ring is fixedly mounted on the upper grinding disc, the outer gear ring is meshed with the ring-throwing gear, and the ring-throwing gear is mounted on the ring-throwing motor;

[0011] The outer diameter of the structure formed by the lower grinding pad and the lower grinding disc is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting inner gear ring, and the outer diameter of the structure formed by the upper grinding pad, the upper grinding disc and the outer gear ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting inner gear ring;

[0012] The lower grinding disc supports the workpiece limiting gear disc from below, the telescopic head of the cylinder is pressed on the center of the upper grinding disc, and the lower grinding pad and the upper grinding pad are respectively attached to the lower surface and the upper surface of the workpiece limiting gear disc.

[0013] Based on the existing single-sided ring polishing machine, this case retains the structure of the machine body unchanged, and realizes double-sided grinding of the ring polishing machine by modifying the loading parts of the workpiece; retains the main part of the machine tool, and does not add additional motors, so the modification cost is low. At the same time, in order to solve the problem of inaccurate weight loading, we transform the weight loading into pneumatic loading, and the overall structure is clean and neat, which is convenient for accurate operation and automated management.

[0014] Preferably, the top center of the upper grinding disc is designed as a ball groove, and the telescopic head of the cylinder is designed as a ball head, which is placed in the ball groove. This design is to adapt to the rotation of the upper grinding disc and prevent the pneumatic loading device from rotating synchronously with the upper grinding disc; in addition, after long-term use, the relative friction between the ball groove and the ball head will gradually reduce the friction between the two, so that smooth rotation can be achieved even without using components such as bearings.

[0015] Preferably, the lower grinding disc and the center pinion are positioned by positioning pins and fixed by screws, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the lower grinding pad to avoid the center pinion. This design does not achieve the purpose of positioning and fixing only by screws, but the positioning is achieved by positioning pins, in order to avoid product installation misalignment and reduce the use of screws.

[0016] Preferably, the lower grinding pad is attached to the upper surface of the lower grinding disc by 3M double-sided adhesive tape, and the upper grinding pad is attached to the lower surface of the upper grinding disc by 3M double-sided adhesive tape. Of course, other new materials that are convenient for attaching the lower grinding pad and the lower grinding disc can also be used. 3M double-sided adhesive tape is a material with good use effect in current testing.

[0017] Preferably, the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc rotate in opposite or same directions, or only the upper grinding disc rotates, or only the lower grinding disc rotates. The specific design is based on the specific grinding speed requirements. Generally speaking, both the upper and lower discs need to rotate.

[0018] Preferably, the workpiece limiting gear plate is made of a PC plate with matching thickness, and other lightweight and stable materials may also be selected.

[0019] Preferably, the upper grinding disc and the outer gear ring are transitionally matched and are locked by radial screws to enhance the connection stability between the two.

[0020] Preferably, the outer gear ring and the ring polishing machine gear are made of the same material, such as plastic, nylon or other high-hardness and low-density materials.

[0021] Preferably, the upper grinding disc and the upper grinding pad are provided with evenly distributed holes, and the grinding liquid is pumped into the upper surface of the upper grinding disc by the liquid supply system, and penetrates into the working area through the holes of the upper grinding disc and the upper grinding pad; the diameter of the holes close to the center is greater than or equal to the diameter of the holes far from the center, so that the center flow is greater than the edge flow, and under the action of centrifugal force, the center grinding liquid gradually diffuses to the edge, making the grinding liquid more evenly distributed and extending the time that the grinding liquid stays in the working area.

[0022] Preferably, the upper grinding disc is made of a material with low density, such as aluminum alloy or cast aluminum, so as to reduce the pressure of the upper grinding disc on the workpiece and facilitate accurate loading.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The pneumatically loaded double-sided ring polishing machine provided by the present invention retains the body of the existing single-sided ring polishing machine and redesigns the loading device of the workpiece. The upper plate and the lower plate can rotate separately without adding a motor drive, so that the two surfaces of the workpiece can be ground at the same time. The modification effect is obvious and the modification cost is low. At the same time, the existing weight loading is changed to pneumatic loading, which can improve the loading accuracy of the ring polishing machine. In addition, since the working surface size is small, the cost of the polishing pad and the polishing liquid is also low, which is more suitable for small batch processing, especially process trial production. The process can be adjusted at any time, which is convenient for flexible design of experiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece limit gear in contact with the upper grinding pad and related parts;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the upper grinding disc, the outer gear ring, and the ring polishing machine gear;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a planetary gear system composed of a workpiece limiting gear plate;

[0028] Figure 5 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gas circuit connection of the pneumatic cylinder;

[0030] Figure 7 It is the overall structural block diagram including the air pressure system;

[0031] The figure includes: 1-spindle tray; 2-lower grinding disc; 3-lower grinding pad; 4-center pinion; 5-workpiece limit gear disc; 6-limit inner gear ring; 7-upper grinding pad; 8-upper grinding disc; 9-outer gear ring; 10-ring polishing machine gear; 11-ring polishing motor; 12-cylinder; 13-ball groove; 14-ball head; 15-radial screw; 16-locating pin; 17-screw; 18-speed control valve; 19-three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valve; 20-conversion switch; 21-power switch; 22-pressure regulating valve; 23-air compressor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 5The figure shows a pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine, including the body part in the prior art, a working groove is arranged in the middle of the body, the spindle motor is arranged in the body, the spindle tray 1 connected to the spindle motor is placed in the working groove, and two ring polishing motors 11 are also arranged on the body, and the two ring polishing motors 11 are respectively located on both sides of the working groove; on this basis, the loading part of the workpiece is redesigned in this case, including a lower grinding disc 2, a lower grinding pad 3, a center pinion 4, a workpiece limiting gear disc 5, a limiting inner gear ring 6, an upper grinding pad 7, an upper grinding disc 8, an outer gear ring 9, a ring polishing machine gear 10 and a cylinder 12.

[0035] The lower grinding pad 3 is attached to the upper surface of the lower grinding disc 2, and the upper grinding pad 7 is attached to the lower surface of the upper grinding disc 8; the workpiece to be processed is placed in the workpiece placement hole on the workpiece limiting gear disc 5; the lower grinding disc 2 and the upper grinding disc 8 clamp the workpiece limiting gear disc 5 and the workpiece to be processed in the middle, and the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece limiting gear disc 5 and the workpiece to be processed are in contact with the upper grinding pad 7 and the lower grinding pad 3 respectively. The upper grinding disc 8 drives the upper grinding pad 7 to rotate, realizes the relative movement between the upper grinding pad 7 and the upper surface of the workpiece to be processed, and realizes the polishing of the upper surface of the workpiece to be processed; the lower grinding disc 2 drives the lower grinding pad 3 to rotate, realizes the relative movement between the lower grinding pad 3 and the lower surface of the workpiece to be processed, and realizes the polishing of the lower surface of the workpiece to be processed.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the outer side surface of the limiting inner gear ring 6 is a one-step structure, and the limiting inner gear ring 6 is fixedly installed on the working groove with the small outer diameter facing downward. The small outer diameter of the limiting inner gear ring 6 is adapted to the inner diameter of the working groove, and the large outer diameter of the limiting inner gear ring 6 is larger than the inner diameter of the working groove; the inner tooth surface of the limiting inner gear ring 6 is directly opposite to the outer tooth surface of the center pinion 4, and the workpiece limiting gear plate 5 is meshed with the center pinion 4 and the limiting inner gear ring 6 at the same time to form a planetary gear system; the lower grinding disc 2 and the center pinion 4 are positioned by the locating pin 16 and fixed by the screw 17, and a through hole is set in the middle of the lower grinding pad 3 to avoid the center pinion 4; the lower grinding disc 2 is fixedly mounted on the spindle tray 1. During the working process, the limiting inner gear ring 6 remains fixed, and the center pinion 4 rotates synchronously with the lower grinding disk 2 and the spindle tray 1, driving the workpiece limiting gear plate 5 meshing with the center pinion 4 to rotate around the center pinion 4 in the limiting inner gear ring 6; since the rotation directions of the workpiece limiting gear plate 5 and the lower grinding disk 2 are opposite, the relative movement of the lower grinding pad 3 and the lower surface of the workpiece to be processed is realized, that is, the polishing of the lower surface of the workpiece to be processed is realized.

[0037] like Figure 2 , 3As shown, the upper grinding disc 8 and the outer gear ring 9 are transitionally matched and locked by radial screws 15, the outer gear ring 9 is meshed with the ring polishing gear 10, and the ring polishing gear 10 is installed on the ring polishing motor 11. During operation, the ring polishing motor 11 drives the ring polishing gear 10 to rotate, driving the outer gear ring 9 meshed with the ring polishing gear 10 to rotate along, and the upper grinding disc 8 fixed with the outer gear ring 9 rotates synchronously therewith, thereby realizing the relative movement between the upper grinding disc 8 and the upper surface of the workpiece to be processed, that is, realizing the polishing of the upper surface of the workpiece to be processed.

[0038] When the ring polishing machine is working, it is necessary to adjust the load on the workpiece to be processed according to the processing requirements to adjust the friction between the workpiece to be processed and the grinding pad; this case does not adopt the traditional method of weight loading, but adopts pneumatic loading to adjust the friction between the workpiece to be processed and the grinding pad, which can realize the automation of operation, that is, let the telescopic head of the cylinder 12 be vertically loaded on the center of the upper grinding disk 8; in order to avoid additional mechanical resistance, the top center of the upper grinding disk 8 is designed as a ball groove 13, and the telescopic head of the cylinder 12 is designed as a ball head 14, and the ball head is topped in the ball groove.

[0039] The air pressure system of the pneumatic loading mechanism is connected as follows Figure 6 , 7 As shown: air is pumped into the air compressor 23 to realize the air supply to the air pressure system; the pressure entering the air pressure system is controlled by the pressure regulating valve 22, and the air pumped out by the air compressor 23 is filtered for oil-water separation to ensure the purity of the gas entering the air pressure system; the switching of the three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valve 19 is controlled by the conversion switch 20 (when the conversion switch 20 is set to the 0 position, the three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valve 19 is in the middle position, and the cylinder remains stationary; when the conversion switch 20 is set to the 1 position, the three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valve 19 is in the left position, the rodless cavity of the cylinder 12 inlets air, and the rod cavity outlets air, and the working state is the downward pressurization state; the conversion switch 2 When 0 is set to position 2, the three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valve 19 is in the right position, the cylinder 12 has no rod chamber exhausting air and has a rod chamber intakeing air, and the working state is an upward unloading state); the three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valve 19 is powered by a power switch 21, and the power switch 21 converts 220V power into 24V power and provides it to the three-position five-way electromagnetic reversing valve 19, ensuring the safety and reliability of the power supply of the air pressure system; through the speed regulating valve 18, the gas entering the cylinder 12 is limited, the extension and retraction speed of the plunger rod is controlled, and the loading / unloading of the cylinder 12 is ensured to be stable and reliable; the connection between the various components is achieved by PU pipes and quick-plug connectors to achieve fast and reliable connection, and the operation is simple and fast.

[0040] The outer diameter of the structure formed by the lower grinding pad 3 and the lower grinding disc 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting inner gear ring 6, and the outer diameter of the structure formed by the upper grinding pad 7, the upper grinding disc 8 and the outer gear ring 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting inner gear ring 6; the workpiece limiting gear disc 5 is made of a PC plate with matching thickness; the outer gear ring 9 and the ring polishing machine gear 10 are made of the same material, such as plastic, nylon, etc.; the upper grinding disc 8 is made of aluminum alloy or cast aluminum; the upper grinding disc 8 and the upper grinding pad 7 are provided with evenly distributed holes, and the grinding liquid is pumped into the upper surface of the upper grinding disc 8 by the liquid supply system, and penetrates into the working area through the holes of the upper grinding disc 8 and the upper grinding pad 7; the diameter of the hole close to the center is greater than or equal to the diameter of the hole far from the center.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0043] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form, and any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine, comprising a machine body, a working groove is arranged in the middle of the machine body, a spindle motor is arranged in the machine body, a spindle tray (1) connected to the spindle motor is placed in the working groove, and two ring polishing motors (11) are also arranged on the machine body, and the two ring polishing motors (11) are respectively located on both sides of the working groove; characterized in that: It also includes a lower grinding disc (2), a lower grinding pad (3), a central pinion (4), a workpiece limiting gear disc (5), a limiting inner gear ring (6), an upper grinding pad (7), an upper grinding disc (8), an outer gear ring (9), a ring polishing machine gear (10) and a cylinder (12); The lower grinding pad (3) is adhered to the upper surface of the lower grinding disc (2), and the upper grinding pad (7) is adhered to the lower surface of the upper grinding disc (8); The lower grinding disc (2) is fixedly mounted on the spindle tray (1), and the center pinion (4) is fixedly mounted on the lower grinding disc (2); The outer side surface of the limiting inner gear ring (6) is a one-step structure. The limiting inner gear ring (6) is fixedly mounted on the working groove with its small outer diameter facing downward. The small outer diameter of the limiting inner gear ring (6) is adapted to the inner diameter of the working groove, and the large outer diameter of the limiting inner gear ring (6) is larger than the inner diameter of the working groove. The inner tooth surface of the limiting inner gear ring (6) is directly opposite to the outer tooth surface of the center pinion (4). The workpiece limiting gear plate (5) is meshed with the center pinion (4) and the limiting inner gear ring (6) at the same time to form a planetary gear system. The workpiece to be processed is placed in the workpiece placement hole on the workpiece limiting gear plate (5). The outer gear ring (9) is fixedly mounted on the upper grinding disc (8), the outer gear ring (9) is meshed with the ring-throwing gear (10), and the ring-throwing gear (10) is mounted on the ring-throwing motor (11); The outer diameter of the structure formed by the lower grinding pad (3) and the lower grinding disc (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting inner gear ring (6); and the outer diameter of the structure formed by the upper grinding pad (7), the upper grinding disc (8) and the outer gear ring (9) is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting inner gear ring (6); The lower grinding disc (2) supports the workpiece limiting gear disc (5) from below, the telescopic head of the cylinder (12) is pressed on the center of the upper grinding disc (8), and the lower grinding pad (3) and the upper grinding pad (7) are respectively attached to the lower surface and the upper surface of the workpiece limiting gear disc (5); The upper grinding disc (8) and the upper grinding pad (7) are provided with evenly distributed holes, and the grinding liquid is pumped into the upper surface of the upper grinding disc (8) by the liquid supply system, and penetrates into the working area through the holes of the upper grinding disc (8) and the upper grinding pad (7); the diameter of the hole close to the center is greater than or equal to the diameter of the hole far from the center.

2. The pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top center of the upper grinding disc (8) is designed as a ball groove (13), and the telescopic head of the cylinder (12) is designed as a ball head (14), which is placed in the ball groove.

3. The pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower grinding disc (2) and the central pinion (4) are positioned by means of positioning pins (16) and fixed by means of screws (17), and a through hole is provided in the middle of the lower grinding pad (3) to avoid the central pinion (4).

4. The pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower grinding pad (3) is adhered to the upper surface of the lower grinding disc (2) by means of 3M double-sided adhesive tape, and the upper grinding pad (7) is adhered to the lower surface of the upper grinding disc (8) by means of 3M double-sided adhesive tape.

5. The pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper grinding disc (8) and the lower grinding disc (2) rotate in opposite or identical directions, or only the upper grinding disc (8) rotates, or only the lower grinding disc (2) rotates.

6. The pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece limiting gear plate (5) is made of a PC plate with matching thickness.

7. The pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper grinding disc (8) and the outer gear ring (9) are in transition fit and are locked by radial screws (15).

8. The pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer gear ring (9) and the ring polishing machine gear (10) are made of the same material.

9. The pneumatic loading double-sided ring polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper grinding disc (8) is made of aluminum alloy or cast aluminum material.

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