Method and equipment for preventing and controlling rock burst by regional pressure relief using jetting combined with fracturing at high rock formations

Abstract

The application provides a high stratum jet flow combined fracturing regional pressure relief rock burst prevention and control method and equipment, which arranges the borehole in the high-position far-field hard thick roof stratum which cannot be covered by a conventional hydraulic fracturing hole through design of a roof stratum hydraulic fracturing borehole arrangement scheme, effectively weakens the high-position hard thick roof stratum over the middle of a working face, avoids moving a drilling rig back and forth, avoids long-term occupation of a pedestrian and vehicle roadway section by the drilling rig, and reduces ventilation resistance; and the method is different from a conventional hydraulic fracturing borehole arrangement mode and a cracking mode to achieve the far-field thick hard stratum regional pressure relief rock burst prevention and control method, and a water jet is used to prefabricate a crack in a rod withdrawal process, so that the cracking pressure of the dense hard stratum is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock burst prevention and control, and in particular to a method, device, computer equipment and computer-readable storage medium for preventing and controlling rock burst by unloading pressure in a high-level rock formation combined with fracturing. Background Art

[0002] Rock burst is one of the most serious dynamic hazards in coal mines. With increasing energy demand and deeper mining depths, the threat of rock burst is becoming increasingly severe. When mining shallow coal seams containing thick, hard rock layers in the overlying roof, strong dynamic pressure hazards or rock bursts are also prone to occur. Currently, there are many methods to prevent and control rock bursts, including roof blasting, hydraulic fracturing, and large-diameter drilling to relieve pressure in the coal seam.

[0003] The current roof hydraulic fracturing pressure relief method for preventing and controlling rock burst is mainly to use a column drilling rig or a common crawler drilling rig to drill holes of a certain spacing and depth into the roof above the coal seam in the tunnel, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 This construction method has four major disadvantages: the first is that ordinary crawler drills or column drills require frequent movement within the tunnel, which consumes manpower and occupies part of the tunnel section for a long time, causing certain interference and impact on the passage of personnel and vehicles, and increasing ventilation resistance; the second disadvantage is that the roof holes constructed by ordinary crawler drills can only cover a limited area on both sides of the tunnel. When the working face is long or the stope area is large, most of the central area of ​​the stope is not covered, and the hard and thick rock formations in the far field cannot be effectively treated, which greatly limits the hydraulic fracturing pressure relief and prevention of rock burst; the third disadvantage is that conventional crawler drills or column drills do not have a directional measurement system. When the drilling depth is large, the drilling trajectory is easily deviated and the pre-designed layer position cannot be reached; the fourth disadvantage is that conventional hydraulic fracturing does not have pre-jet cutting, which results in a higher fracturing pressure when fracturing hard and dense rock formations, which increases the pressure requirement of the pump station. In addition, the flow rate of conventional hydraulic fracturing pump stations is small, which restricts the pressure relief effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method, device, computer equipment and computer-readable storage medium for regional pressure relief and prevention of rock burst by jet-combined fracturing in high-level rock formations, which aims to effectively weaken the high-level hard and thick roof rock formation overlying the middle part of the working face, and at the same time reduce the cracking pressure of the dense hard rock formation by prefabricating cracks through water jets.

[0005] To this end, the first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing and controlling rock burst by unloading pressure in a high-level rock formation by jetting and fracturing, comprising:

[0006] Based on the actual geological conditions of the rock formations, design a plan for hydraulic fracturing drilling parallel to the roadway in the roof rock formations and determine the parameters for hydraulic fracturing drilling in the roof rock formations;

[0007] Arrange a kilometer-long directional drilling rig at the drilling site determined in the roof rock hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan and make drilling preparations; setting the drilling site means setting the drilling position of the rig in the working face retreat channel, inside the coal body chamber or in the adjacent roadway;

[0008] According to the roof rock stratum hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan and roof hydraulic fracturing drilling parameters, the kilometer-long directional drilling rig is adjusted to carry out drilling; after the drilling is completed, a steel ball is placed in the drill pipe, and a water jet is formed by injecting water into the drill pipe to cut water jet prefabricated cracks on the hole wall. The hydraulic fracturing tool string is assembled and lowered to the water jet prefabricated crack position to carry out fracturing section by section.

[0009] Among them, the roof hydraulic fracturing drilling parameters include at least the drilling hole diameter, hole spacing, pressure relief range, number of holes, and drilling angle; and when designing the roof rock hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan, avoid the tunnel surrounding rock support area.

[0010] The step of cutting water jet prefabricated cracks on the hole wall includes:

[0011] Flush the borehole, remove the drill rod and withdraw the drill bit to the designed prefabricated crack position, and place a steel ball that matches the slag flushing and drainage hole at the front end of the special water jet cutting drill bit in the drill rod;

[0012] The drill pipe is connected to a water transformer, and the other end of the water transformer is connected to a high-flow high-pressure pump via a high-pressure hose. When the water pump is turned on, the water flow drives the steel ball to block the slag drainage hole at the front end of the drill bit, and water is ejected from two small holes on the side wall of the drill bit to form a water jet;

[0013] Driven by the rotary motor and the drill bit, an annular crack is cut on the hole wall. After the designed jetting time is reached, the water is stopped and the drill rod is withdrawn.

[0014] Repeat the above steps until the water jet prefabrication crack work in the drill hole is completed.

[0015] The drilling steps include:

[0016] Preparation stage: formulate a directional drilling layout plan and prepare supporting equipment, install drilling equipment according to the formulated directional drilling layout plan and conduct testing;

[0017] Drilling stage: Install the screw motor and perform directional drilling;

[0018] Adjustment stage: The drilling depth and drilling angle are measured in real time to determine whether the design trajectory has deviated. If deviation is determined, the outer elbow angle of the screw motor and the tool face angle are adjusted; after the adjustment is completed, the drilling operation is continued to the final hole.

[0019] Among them, in the step of executing drilling, directional measurement is used to ensure that the roof hydraulic fracturing borehole constructed by the kilometer-long directional drilling rig reaches the designed layer and covers the entire working face mining area.

[0020] Wherein, in the step of performing the drilling, the flattened section of the borehole is located in the target rock formation to be weakened.

[0021] The drilling preparation steps include:

[0022] Determine the drilling location based on the roof rock hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan and actual site conditions;

[0023] Connect the power supply and water supply pipelines to the kilometer-long directional drilling rig; dig water tanks and drainage ditches, adjust the position of the drilling rig, and anchor the drilling rig.

[0024] The second object of the present invention is to provide a device for preventing and controlling rock burst in a high-level rock formation by jetting and fracturing the area, comprising:

[0025] The scheme design module is used to design the layout of hydraulic fracturing drilling holes in the roof rock layer parallel to the roadway based on the actual rock formation geological conditions and determine the parameters of the hydraulic fracturing drilling holes in the roof rock layer;

[0026] The drilling preparation module is used to arrange the kilometer-long directional drilling rig at the drilling site determined in the roof rock hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan and make drilling preparations; wherein, setting the drilling site means setting the drilling position of the rig in the working face retreat channel, inside the coal body chamber or in the adjacent roadway;

[0027] The drilling and fracturing module is used to adjust the kilometer-long directional drilling rig for drilling according to the roof rock stratum hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan and roof hydraulic fracturing drilling parameters; after drilling is completed, a steel ball is placed in the drill pipe, and a water jet is formed by injecting water into the drill pipe to cut water jet prefabricated cracks on the hole wall. The hydraulic fracturing tool string is assembled and lowered to the water jet prefabricated crack position to perform fracturing section by section.

[0028] The third object of the present invention is to provide a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the method of the aforementioned technical solution is implemented.

[0029] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the method of the aforementioned technical solution when the computer program is executed by a processor.

[0030] Different from the existing technology, the method for unloading pressure in high-level rock formations by combining jet and fracturing to prevent and control rock bursts provided by the present invention designs a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement scheme for the roof rock formation, and arranges the drilling holes in the high-level, far-field, hard, and thick roof rock formations that conventional hydraulic fracturing holes cannot cover, effectively weakening the high-level, hard, and thick roof rock formations overlying the middle of the working face, avoiding the drilling rig from moving back and forth, avoiding the drilling rig from occupying the pedestrian and vehicle roadway section for a long time, and reducing ventilation resistance; different from the conventional hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement and fracturing initiation method to achieve regional unloading pressure in the far-field thick hard rock formation to prevent and control rock bursts, the method uses water jets to preform cracks during the rod withdrawal process to reduce the fracturing pressure of the dense hard rock formation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention and / or additional aspects and advantages will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a conventional hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement in the prior art.

[0033] Figure 2 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for regional pressure relief of high-level rock formation jet combined with fracturing to prevent and control rock burst.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of top plate hydraulic fracturing drilling holes in a method for regional pressure relief and prevention of rock burst in high-level rock formations by jet combined fracturing provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the process of drilling a kilometer-long directional drill in a method for regional pressure relief and prevention of rock burst by jet combined fracturing in high-level rock formations provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a special water jet cutting drill bit for decompression in a high-level rock formation jet combined fracturing area to prevent and control rock burst.

[0037] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fracturing tool string in a method for unloading pressure in a high-level rock formation jet combined fracturing area to prevent and control rock burst provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high-level rock formation jet combined fracturing area pressure relief and impact ground pressure prevention device provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for preventing and controlling rock bursts by regional pressure relief through jetting and fracturing in high-level rock formations provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes:

[0042] Step 101: Based on the actual geological conditions of the rock formation, a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement plan for the roof rock formation parallel to the roadway is designed, and the parameters of the hydraulic fracturing drilling for the roof rock formation are determined.

[0043] The present invention designs a roof stratum hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement scheme based on the actual geological conditions of the high-level rock formations, targeting the situation of regional pressure relief in high-level rock formations by jet-combined fracturing. The roof stratum hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement scheme of the present invention is used to determine the drilling parameters and drilling positions when drilling in the actual rock formation environment. In an embodiment of the present invention, the roof stratum hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement scheme can be modeled and numerically simulated based on the actual geological conditions and physical and mechanical parameters of the rock formations, that is, a three-dimensional model of the actual rock formation is established, and the optimal drilling parameters are determined by simulating and executing predetermined drilling operations in a virtual three-dimensional model of the actual rock formation.

[0044] In the present invention, drilling parameters include at least borehole diameter, hole spacing, pressure relief range, number of holes, and drilling angle. By adjusting different borehole diameters, hole spacing, drilling angles, and the number of holes in the 3D model, the pressure relief range of the rock formation in the model can be optimized.

[0045] It should be noted that when designing the drilling arrangement plan for hydraulic fracturing of the roof rock strata, the drilling arrangement needs to avoid the support area of ​​the tunnel surrounding rock mass.

[0046] Step 102: Arrange a kilometer-long directional drilling rig at the drilling site determined in the roof rock stratum hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan and make drilling preparations.

[0047] Setting the drilling site means setting the drilling position of the drilling rig in the retreat channel of the working face, in the coal body chamber or in the adjacent tunnel.

[0048] exist Figure 1In the existing treatment scheme shown, the main means of roof hydraulic fracturing pressure relief is to use a column drill or a crawler drill. In the tunnel, holes of a certain spacing and depth are constructed in the roof above the coal seam. The holes need to be drilled in the tunnel, which can easily cause traffic jams. Moreover, the roof holes constructed by ordinary crawler drills can only cover a limited area on both sides of the tunnel. When the working face is long or the mining area is large, most of the area in the middle of the mining area cannot be covered, and the hard and thick rock formations in the far field cannot be effectively treated, which greatly limits the hydraulic fracturing pressure relief and prevention of rock burst. In addition, conventional crawler drills or column drills do not have a directional measurement system. When the drilling depth is large, the drilling trajectory is easy to deviate and fail to reach the pre-designed layer. Conventional hydraulic fracturing does not have pre-jet cutting, which results in a larger fracturing pressure when fracturing hard and dense rock formations, which increases the pressure requirements for the pump station. In addition, the flow rate of conventional hydraulic fracturing pump stations is small, which restricts the pressure relief effect.

[0049] In the present invention, a kilometer-long directional drilling rig is used to replace conventional crawler drilling rigs and column drilling rigs. The kilometer-long directional drilling rig is a drilling method that uses a guide system to extend the top plate hydraulic fracturing drilling trajectory to the predetermined target according to the design requirements, that is, to purposefully change the borehole axis from curved to straight or from straight to curved. At the same time, the bottom hole guide device monitors the drilling parameters in real time, and then determines the deflection direction of the bottom hole screw motor. The kilometer-long directional drilling rig can avoid the problem of the drill bit and drill rod sinking during the drilling process of a conventional crawler drilling rig, thereby causing the drilling trajectory to deviate from the designed trajectory. In order to avoid the defects of the existing technology, the technical solution of the present invention arranges the kilometer-long directional drilling rig in an adjacent tunnel or chamber drilling site that does not affect pedestrian traffic.

[0050] The use of directional measurement system enables the roof hydraulic fracturing drilling holes constructed by the kilometer-long directional drilling rig to accurately reach the designed layer and cover the entire working face. Figure 3 shown.

[0051] After selecting the drilling site, install the kilometer-long directional drilling rig and its supporting equipment at the selected location. Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0052] Determine the drilling location based on the long horizontal hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan for the roof rock stratum and the actual site conditions;

[0053] Connect the power supply and water supply pipelines to the kilometer-long directional drilling rig; dig water tanks and drainage ditches, adjust the position of the drilling rig, and anchor the drilling rig.

[0054] After determining the drilling location according to the roof hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan and the actual on-site conditions, connect the power supply and water supply pipelines to the drilling rig, dig the water tank and drainage ditch, adjust the drilling rig position, anchor the drilling rig, assemble the special water jet cutting drill bit, rotary motor, drill rod and other tool strings, and prepare for drilling.

[0055] After the kilometer-long directional drilling rig is debugged, the drilling execution step in step 103 is officially entered.

[0056] Step 103: According to the roof stratum hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement plan and roof hydraulic fracturing drilling parameters, the kilometer-long directional drilling rig is adjusted to perform drilling. After the drilling is completed, a steel ball is placed in the drill pipe, and water is injected into the drill pipe to form a water jet, which cuts water jet prefabricated cracks on the hole wall. The hydraulic fracturing tool string is assembled and lowered to the water jet prefabricated crack position to perform fracturing section by section.

[0057] According to the drilling parameters determined in the long horizontal hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan for the roof rock formation, the drilling rig is controlled to start drilling. The drilling steps are as follows: Figure 4 As shown:

[0058] Preparation stage: formulate a directional drilling plan and prepare supporting equipment, install the drilling equipment according to the formulated directional drilling plan and conduct testing;

[0059] Drilling stage: Install the screw motor and perform directional drilling;

[0060] Adjustment stage: The drilling depth and drilling angle are measured in real time to determine whether the design trajectory has deviated. If deviation is determined, the outer elbow angle of the screw motor and the tool face angle are adjusted; after the adjustment is completed, the drilling operation is continued to the final hole.

[0061] After drilling is complete, carefully punch the hole. Remove the drill rod and return the drill bit to the designed prefabricated crack position. Remove the water changer from the drill rod and place a steel ball that matches the slag flushing and drainage hole at the front end of the special water jet slitting drill bit (the steel ball diameter is larger than the drainage hole diameter) inside the drill rod. Connect the water changer, and connect the other end of the water changer to a high-flow, high-pressure pump via a high-pressure hose. Turn on the high-flow, high-pressure water injection pump. The water flow drives the steel ball to block the slag flushing and drainage hole at the front end of the special drill bit. Water then flows out from two tiny holes on the side wall of the drill bit, forming a water jet. As the motor and drill bit rotate, an annular crack is cut into the hole wall. After the designed jetting time is reached, stop the water flow and remove the drill rod. Repeat the above process until the water jet prefabrication of the cracks in the borehole is complete.

[0062] In addition to the slag flushing and drainage holes at the front end of the special water jet cutting drill bit, two small holes are symmetrically arranged on its side wall, such as Figure 5 As shown, the tiny hole walls are specially protected to prevent the hole diameter from increasing when high-pressure water flows through them. During normal drilling, the water in the drill pipe primarily flows out through the slag flushing and drainage holes at the front of the drill bit. During the jet slitting phase, the water in the drill pipe flows exclusively through two tiny holes on the side of the drill bit, forming an ultra-high-pressure water column. Driven by the screw motor and drill bit, the ultra-high-pressure water column acts as a cutter, creating a circular prefabricated crack in the hole wall. The conversion of the water flow from the slag flushing and drainage holes to the tiny holes is achieved by inserting steel balls into the drill pipe.

[0063] like Figure 6 As shown, a hydraulic fracturing tool string is assembled and lowered to the prefabricated fracture location to perform fracturing section by section.

[0064] like Figure 7 The present invention also proposes a device for preventing and controlling rock burst in a high-level rock formation by jetting and fracturing the area, comprising:

[0065] The scheme design module 310 is used to design a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement scheme for the roof rock layer parallel to the roadway based on the actual rock formation geological conditions and determine the hydraulic fracturing drilling parameters for the roof rock layer;

[0066] The drilling preparation module 320 is used to arrange a kilometer-long directional drilling rig at the drilling site determined in the roof rock hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan and prepare for drilling. The setting of the drilling site means setting the drilling position of the rig within the working face retreat channel, the coal body chamber, or the adjacent roadway.

[0067] The drilling and fracturing module 330 is used to adjust the kilometer-long directional drilling rig for drilling according to the hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement plan and the hydraulic fracturing drilling parameters of the roof rock formation; after the drilling is completed, a steel ball is placed in the drill pipe, and a water jet is formed by injecting water into the drill pipe to cut water jet prefabricated cracks on the hole wall. The hydraulic fracturing tool string is assembled and lowered to the water jet prefabricated crack position to perform fracturing section by section.

[0068] In order to implement the embodiments, the present invention also proposes another computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and runnable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the prevention and control of rock burst by combining high-level rock formation jetting and fracturing area decompression as in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0069] like Figure 8 As shown, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includes a memory 810 of instructions and an interface 830. The instructions can be executed by a processor 820 of the high-level rock formation jet combined fracturing regional unloading and rock burst prevention device to complete the method. Alternatively, the storage medium can be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, for example, a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage device, etc.

[0070] In order to implement the embodiments, the present invention also proposes a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it realizes the prevention and control of rock burst by combining high-level rock formation jetting and fracturing area decompression as in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0071] In the description of the application, reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" etc. is not meant to limit the scope of the application to the described embodiments or examples, but to the contrary, is meant to cover various modifications, enhancements, alternatives, and equivalents that are within the scope of the application. Further, the description of specific features, structures, materials or characteristics, etc. in the description is not meant to be a literal description of all embodiments or examples of the application. Also, the describing of a particular feature or characteristics within an embodiment or example does not imply that the same feature is or is not present in other embodiments or examples of the application. In addition, the description of features or characteristics in the description is not meant to restrict the same in any way to only those features or characteristics that are described in that particular example or embodiment. Moreover, different examples or embodiments described herein can be combined with each other, and different features or characteristics described in different examples or embodiments can be combined with each other, unless the features or characteristics are mutually exclusive.

[0072] Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and the like, do not denote any order, quantity, combination, or importance, but rather are used to nomenclature different components in the application. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second" etc. can include at least one of the features. In the description of the application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, for example two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly specified.

[0073] Any process or method descriptions or blocks in flow charts or otherwise described herein represent embodiments of the application that can be managed as one or more modules, segments, or portions of code that include one or more steps for implementing specific logic functions or steps, and the functions performed by these processes or methods can include those described herein and / or other functions. The embodiments of the application can be readily implemented, individually and / or collectively, by a trained person of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure, and all equivalents thereof, without undue experimentation.

[0074] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing it in another suitable manner if necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0075] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the embodiments described, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used: a discrete logic circuit having logic gate circuits for implementing logic functions on data signals, an application-specific integrated circuit having suitable combinational logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the method for implementing the embodiment can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0077] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single module. The integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0078] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling rock burst by unloading pressure in high-level rock formations by jetting and fracturing, characterized in that: include: Based on the actual geological conditions of the rock formations, design a plan for hydraulic fracturing drilling parallel to the roadway in the roof rock formations and determine the parameters for hydraulic fracturing drilling in the roof rock formations; Arrange a kilometer-long directional drilling rig at the drilling site determined in the roof rock hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan and make drilling preparations; wherein, the setting of the drilling site means setting the drilling position of the drilling rig in the working face retreat channel, in the coal body chamber, or in the adjacent roadway; The kilometer-long directional drilling rig is adjusted to perform drilling according to the roof rock stratum hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement plan and roof hydraulic fracturing drilling parameters; after the drilling is completed, a steel ball is placed in the drill rod, and a water jet is formed by injecting water into the drill rod to cut water jet prefabricated cracks on the hole wall, and a hydraulic fracturing tool string is assembled and lowered to the water jet prefabricated crack positions to perform fracturing in sections, wherein, during the step of performing the drilling, directional measurement is used to ensure that the roof hydraulic fracturing drill holes constructed by the kilometer-long directional drilling rig reach the designed layer position and cover the entire working face stope, and the flattened section of the drill hole is located in the target rock stratum to be weakened; The steps of cutting water jet prefabricated cracks on the hole wall include: flushing the borehole, withdrawing the drill bit to the designed prefabricated crack position by disassembling the drill rod, placing a steel ball that matches the slag flushing and drainage hole at the front end of the special water jet cutting drill bit in the drill rod; the drill rod is connected to a water transformer, and the other end of the water transformer is connected to a large-flow high-pressure pump through a high-pressure hose. After turning on the water pump, the water flow drives the steel ball to block the slag flushing and drainage hole at the front end of the drill bit, and is ejected from two small holes on the side wall of the drill bit to form a water jet; under the dual drive of the rotating motor and the rotation of the drill bit, an annular crack is cut on the hole wall. After the designed jetting time is reached, the water is stopped and the drill rod is withdrawn; and the above steps are repeated until the water jet prefabricated crack work in the borehole is completed.

2. The method for preventing and controlling rock burst by regional pressure relief of high-level rock formation jet combined fracturing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The roof hydraulic fracturing drilling parameters include at least the drilling diameter, hole spacing, pressure relief range, number of holes, and drilling angle; and when designing the roof rock stratum hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan, avoid the tunnel surrounding rock support area.

3. The method for preventing and controlling rock burst by regional pressure relief of high-level rock formation jet combined fracturing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drilling steps include: Preparation stage: formulate a directional drilling plan and prepare supporting equipment, install the drilling equipment according to the formulated directional drilling plan and conduct testing; Drilling stage: Install the screw motor and perform directional drilling; Adjustment stage: The drilling depth and drilling angle are measured in real time to determine whether the design trajectory has deviated. If deviation is determined, the outer elbow angle of the screw motor and the tool face angle are adjusted; after the adjustment is completed, the drilling operation is continued to the final hole.

4. The method for preventing and controlling rock burst by regional pressure relief of high-level rock formation jet combined fracturing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps in drilling preparation include: Determine the drilling location based on the roof rock hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan and actual site conditions; Connect the power supply and water supply pipelines to the kilometer-long directional drilling rig; dig water tanks and drainage ditches, adjust the position of the drilling rig, and anchor the drilling rig.

5. A device for preventing and controlling rock burst in high-level rock formations by jetting and fracturing, characterized in that: include: The scheme design module is used to design the layout of hydraulic fracturing drilling holes in the roof rock layer parallel to the roadway based on the actual rock formation geological conditions and determine the parameters of the hydraulic fracturing drilling holes in the roof rock layer; The drilling preparation module is used to arrange the kilometer-long directional drilling rig at the drilling site determined in the roof rock hydraulic fracturing drilling layout plan and make drilling preparations; wherein, the setting of the drilling site is to set the drilling position of the drilling rig in the working face retreat channel, the coal body chamber or the adjacent roadway; a drilling and fracturing module, configured to adjust the kilometer-long directional drilling rig to perform drilling according to the roof rock stratum hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement plan and roof hydraulic fracturing drilling parameters; after the drilling is completed, a steel ball is placed in the drill pipe, a water jet is formed by injecting water into the drill pipe, water jet prefabricated cracks are cut on the hole wall, a hydraulic fracturing tool string is assembled, and the tool string is lowered to the position of the water jet prefabricated cracks to perform fracturing in sections, wherein, during the step of performing the drilling, directional measurement is used to ensure that the roof hydraulic fracturing drill hole constructed by the kilometer-long directional drilling rig reaches the designed layer and covers the entire working face stope, and the flattened section of the drill hole is located in the target rock stratum to be weakened; The steps of cutting water jet prefabricated cracks on the hole wall include: flushing the borehole, withdrawing the drill bit to the designed prefabricated crack position by disassembling the drill rod, placing a steel ball that matches the slag flushing and drainage hole at the front end of the special water jet cutting drill bit in the drill rod; the drill rod is connected to a water transformer, and the other end of the water transformer is connected to a large-flow high-pressure pump through a high-pressure hose. After turning on the water pump, the water flow drives the steel ball to block the slag flushing and drainage hole at the front end of the drill bit, and is ejected from two small holes on the side wall of the drill bit to form a water jet; under the dual drive of the rotating motor and the rotation of the drill bit, an annular crack is cut on the hole wall. After the designed jetting time is reached, the water is stopped and the drill rod is withdrawn; and the above steps are repeated until the water jet prefabricated crack work in the borehole is completed.

6. A computer device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

7. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

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