Hair care composition

Abstract

A hair care composition is disclosed comprising a cationic surfactant, a siloxane compound, a straight-chain or branched alkane having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and an anti-dandruff agent selected from pyrrolidone ethanolamine, selenium sulfide, azole-based antifungal agents, and mixtures thereof; wherein the composition is substantially free of cyclic polydimethylsiloxane compounds; wherein the cyclic polydimethylsiloxane compound is present in an amount of less than 1.5% based on the total weight of the hair care composition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to hair care compositions, and more particularly to hair care compositions comprising specific alkanes, antidandruff agents and silicone compounds. Background Art

[0002] Hair care compositions generally provide cleaning or conditioning benefits or a combination of both. Shampoos generally contain one or more cleansing surfactants, which generally help clean the hair and scalp, free of undesirable dirt, particles and fatty matter. Conditioners are another type of hair care composition, which are generally applied to the hair in a wet state after the hair has been washed with a shampoo. Compositions that provide dual benefits of shampooing and conditioning are also known.

[0003] Conditioners typically contain cationic surfactants. Conditioning benefits are achieved by including one or more conditioning agents in hair care compositions. Typically, the most commonly used conditioning agents used in hair care compositions are water-insoluble oily materials such as mineral oil, naturally occurring oils such as triglycerides and silicone compounds. The conditioning benefits are achieved by depositing the oily materials onto the hair resulting in the formation of a film, which makes the hair easier to comb when wet and more manageable when dry. The most commonly used hair conditioning agent is a silicone compound.

[0004] However, preferred hair care compositions will provide more benefits than simple cleaning and conditioning. For example, it is desirable to incorporate various benefit agents into hair care compositions to provide benefits beyond cleaning and conditioning. For example, anti-dandruff benefits have been provided by hair care compositions. Dandruff is a problem that affects many people worldwide. Its condition manifests itself as the shedding of clumps of dead skin cells from the scalp. These are white and result in an aesthetically unpleasant appearance. The factors that cause dandruff are certain members of the Malassezia yeast genus. To combat these, anti-dandruff products have included certain anti-dandruff agents with antifungal activity, for example, piroctone olamine. Zinc pyrithione, azole-based antifungal agents (eg, climbazole, ketoconazole), selenium sulfide, or a combination thereof.

[0005] The present invention relates to hair conditioning compositions comprising a combination of a cationic surfactant and a silicone compound. When anti-dandruff agents are included in hair conditioning compositions of this type, there is a so-called silicone scaling problem, wherein the stability of the composition is impaired by the formation of soft grit which can foul processing machinery and produce a less stable product. The inventors have now surprisingly found that specific alkanes can be used to minimize this silicone scaling problem and enhance the stability of such hair compositions. Summary of the invention

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a hair care composition comprising:

[0007] (a) cationic surfactants;

[0008] (b) siloxane compounds;

[0009] (c) a straight-chain or branched alkane having 8 to 22 carbon atoms; and

[0010] (d) an antidandruff agent selected from piroctone olamine, selenium sulfide, azole-based antifungal agents, and mixtures thereof;

[0011] wherein the composition is substantially free of cyclomethicone compounds;

[0012] wherein the cyclomethicone compound is present in an amount of less than 1.5% based on the total weight of the hair care composition.

[0013] All other aspects of the invention will become more readily apparent from consideration of the following detailed description and examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Except in the examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts of material or reaction conditions, physical properties of materials and / or use may optionally be understood as modified by the word "about".

[0015] Unless otherwise indicated, all amounts are by weight of the final hair care composition.It should be noted that in specifying any range of values, any particular upper value can be associated with any particular lower value.

[0016] For the avoidance of doubt, the word "comprising" is intended to mean "including" but not necessarily "consisting of" or "composed of." In other words, the listed steps or options need not be exhaustive.

[0017] The disclosure of the invention found herein is deemed to cover all embodiments found in the claims that are multiply dependent on each other, regardless of the fact that the claims may exist without multiple dependency or redundancy.

[0018] Where features are disclosed with respect to a particular aspect of the invention (eg, a composition of the invention), such disclosure is considered to apply mutatis mutandis to any other aspect of the invention (eg, a method of the invention).

[0019] As used herein, "hair care composition" is meant to include compositions for topical application to the hair and / or scalp of mammals, especially humans. Such compositions can generally be classified as leave-on or rinse-off, and include any product that is applied to the human body and is also used to improve appearance, cleanliness, odor control, or general aesthetics. The composition of the present invention can be in the form of a liquid, lotion, cream, foam, scrub, gel, or bar. Non-limiting examples of such compositions include leave-on hair washes, creams, and rinse-off shampoos, conditioners, shower gels, or soap bars. The composition of the present invention is preferably a rinse-off composition, particularly preferably a shampoo or conditioner, most preferably a conditioner.

[0020] The hair care composition comprises a conditioning surfactant selected from cationic surfactants, used alone or in admixture. Preferably, the cationic surfactant has the formula N + R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 , where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently (C1 to C 30 ) alkyl or benzyl. Preferably, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 One, two or three of the above are independently (C4 to C 30 ) alkyl, and one or more other R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 The group is (C1-C6) alkyl or benzyl. More preferably, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 One or two of the above are independently (C6 to C 30 ) alkyl, and other R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 The group is (C1-C6) alkyl or benzyl. Optionally, the alkyl group may contain one or more ester (-OCO- or -COO-) and / or ether (-O-) bonds within the alkyl chain. The alkyl group may optionally be substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups. The alkyl group may be straight or branched, and for alkyl groups having 3 or more carbon atoms, may be cyclic. The alkyl group may be saturated or may contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds (e.g., oleyl). The alkyl group may optionally be ethoxylated on the alkyl chain by one or more ethyleneoxy groups.

[0021] Cationic surfactants suitable for use in the hair care compositions of the present invention include cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, behenyltrimethylammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium chloride, octyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, octyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, decyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, stearyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, didodecyldimethylammonium chloride, dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride, tallowtrimethylammonium chloride, dihydrogenated tallowdimethylammonium chloride (e.g., Arquad 2HT / 75 from Akzo Nobel), cocotrimethylammonium chloride, PEG-2-oleyl ammonium chloride and their corresponding hydroxides. Other suitable cationic surfactants include those materials having the CTFA designations Quaternium-5, Quaternium-31 and Quaternium-18. Mixtures of any of the foregoing materials may also be suitable. A particularly useful cationic surfactant for use in conditioners according to the invention is cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, commercially available, for example, as GENAMIN CTAC from Hoechst Celanese. Another particularly useful cationic surfactant for use in conditioners according to the invention is behenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, commercially available, for example, as GENAMIN KDMP from Clariant. Yet another preferred cationic surfactant is stearamidopropyl dimethylamine. The most preferred cationic surfactants for use in the compositions of the invention are stearamidopropyl dimethylamine, behenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or mixtures thereof.

[0022] The hair care composition typically comprises the cationic surfactant in an amount of 0.1% to 5%, more preferably 0.5% to 2.5%, based on the total weight of the hair care composition, and including all ranges subsumed therein.

[0023] The hair care composition of the present invention comprises a silicone compound which is not cyclomethicone. Preferably, the silicone compound is a non-volatile silicone. As used herein, "non-volatile" means that the silicone has a vapor pressure of less than 1000 Pa at 25°C and one atmosphere.

[0024] Preferably, the silicone compound is an emulsion of silicone oil droplets having an average droplet diameter (D 3,2 Preferably, the average droplet diameter (D 3,2 ) is greater than 0.05 μm, more preferably greater than 0.1 μm, and ideally 0.1 μm to 5 μm. The average droplet diameter (D 3,2 ) can be measured by laser light scattering techniques, for example using a 2600D particle size analyzer from Malvern Instruments.

[0025] Suitable silicone compounds include polysiloxanes, particularly polydimethylsiloxanes with the CTFA designation dimethylpolysiloxane. Also suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention, particularly shampoos and conditioners, are polydimethylsiloxanes with hydroxyl end groups, with the CTFA designation dimethiconol. Another class of silicones that can be used are functionalized silicones, such as aminofunctional silicones, meaning silicones containing at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amine group or a quaternary ammonium group. Examples of suitable aminofunctional silicones include polysiloxanes with the CTFA designation "amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane". Also suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention are silicone gums with a slight degree of crosslinking, such as described, for example, in WO 96 / 31188. Preferably, the silicone compound includes polydimethylsiloxane, dimethiconol, amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, derivatives thereof or mixtures thereof.

[0026] In another preferred embodiment, the silicone compound is a dimethiconol derivative including dimethiconol / silsesquioxane copolymer, dimethiconol arginine, dimethiconol beeswax, dimethiconol behenate, dimethiconol cysteine, dimethiconol meadowfoamate, dimethiconol methionine, dimethiconol panthenol, dimethiconol stearate, trimethylsiloxysilicate / dimethiconol crosspolymer, acrylate / dimethiconol acrylate copolymer or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred is dimethiconol / silsesquioxane copolymer.

[0027] The viscosity of the preferred silicone compound used as the emulsified silicone oil itself is generally at least 10,000 cSt (centistoke = mm 2 ·S -1 ), preferably at least 60,000 cSt, most preferably at least 500,000 cSt, ideally at least 1,000,000 cSt. Preferably the viscosity does not exceed 10 9 cSt, for ease of formulation. The viscosity of siloxane can be measured, for example, by relevant international standards such as ISO 3104.

[0028] Suitable emulsified silicones for use in the hair care compositions of the present invention are available as preformed silicone emulsions from silicone suppliers such as Dow Chemical Corporation and GE Silicones. Such preformed silicone emulsions are preferably used for ease of processing and control of silicone particle size. Such preformed silicone emulsions typically additionally contain a suitable emulsifier and can be prepared by chemical emulsification methods such as emulsion polymerization or by mechanical emulsification using a high shear mixer. Examples of suitable preformed silicone emulsions include Dowsil 1785BA, MEM 7134POE / MEM7154, Dowsil CE-7126, all of which are available from Dow. These are emulsions of dimethiconol / dimethicone, amino-terminated dimethicone. Another example of a suitable preformed silicone emulsion includes a dimethiconol / silsesquioxane copolymer from Dow under the trade name CE-1607IHD emulsion.

[0029] The silicone compound is typically present in the hair care compositions of the present invention in an amount of 0.1 to 10%, more preferably 0.5 to 5%, most preferably 0.5 to 3%, based on the total weight of the hair care composition, and including all ranges subsumed therein.

[0030] The hair care composition further comprises a straight or branched alkane having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 20, more preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Illustrative examples of alkanes useful in the present invention include, for example, octane, isooctane, decane, isodecane, dodecane, isododecane, tetradecane, isotetradecane, hexadecane, isohexadecane, octadecane, isooctadecane, eicosane, isoeicosane, docosane, isodocosane or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the alkane is a branched alkane comprising isooctane, isodecane, isododecane, isotetradecane, isohexadecane, isooctadecane, isoeicosane, isodocosane or a mixture thereof. Isohexadecane is particularly preferred.

[0031] The straight or branched chain alkane is preferably present in the hair care compositions of the present invention at a level ranging from 0.01 to 5%, more preferably from 0.05 to 3%, most preferably from 0.1 to 2%, based on the total weight of the hair care composition, and including all ranges subsumed therein.

[0032] The antidandruff agent present in the hair care composition is a compound active against dandruff and is generally an antimicrobial agent, preferably an antifungal agent. Suitable antidandruff agents for use in the present invention are selected from piroctone olamine Selenium sulfide and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the anti-dandruff agent is piroctone olamine.

[0033] Typically, the hair care compositions of the present invention comprise anti-dandruff agents in an amount of 0.01 to 10%, more preferably 0.01 to 5%, still more preferably 0.05 to 2%, and most preferably 0.05 to 1.5%, based on the total weight of the hair care composition, and including all ranges subsumed therein.

[0034] The pH of the composition is preferably equal to or higher than 4.0, more preferably in the range of 4.0 to 7.0.

[0035] The hair care compositions of the present invention are substantially free of cyclomethicone compounds. As used herein, "substantially free" means that cyclomethicone compounds are present in an amount of less than 1.5%, preferably less than 1.0%, more preferably less than 0.75%, still more preferably less than 0.5%, and even more preferably less than 0.1%, based on the total weight of the hair care composition, and most preferably are not present in the composition, and including all ranges subsumed therein. Examples of suitable cyclomethicone compounds include octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, or mixtures thereof. The most commonly used cyclomethicone compound is decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, which is referred to as D5, and preferably the hair care compositions of the present invention are substantially free of D5.

[0036] The hair care compositions according to the invention may additionally comprise a fatty alcohol.The combined use of a fatty alcohol and a cationic surfactant is believed to be particularly advantageous since this leads to the formation of a lamellar phase in which the cationic surfactant is dispersed.

[0037] Representative fatty alcohols contain 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably 16 to 22 carbon atoms. Fatty alcohols are typically compounds containing straight chain alkyl groups. Examples of suitable fatty alcohols include cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. The use of these materials is also advantageous because they contribute to the overall conditioning properties of the compositions of the present invention.

[0038] The fatty alcohol is preferably present in the hair care composition of the present invention at a level ranging from 0.5 to 10%, more preferably from 0.1 to 8%, even more preferably from 0.2 to 7%, and most preferably from 0.3 to 6%, based on the total weight of the hair care composition, and including all ranges subsumed therein. The weight ratio of cationic surfactant to fatty alcohol is typically from 1:1 to 1:10, more preferably from 1:1.5 to 1:8, and most preferably from 1:2 to 1:5.

[0039] Preservatives may also be incorporated into the hair care compositions of the present invention to prevent the growth of potentially harmful microorganisms. Suitable conventional preservatives include alkyl esters of parahydroxybenzoic acid, hydantoin derivatives, propionates, and various quaternary ammonium compounds. Illustrative but non-limiting examples of the types of preservatives that can be used in the present invention include, for example, phenoxyethanol, sodium salicylate, methylparaben, butylparaben, propylparaben, diazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate, 1,2-hexanediol, benzyl alcohol, sodium benzoate, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, caprylyl glycol, disodium EDTA, or mixtures thereof. In particularly preferred embodiments, the preservative is 1,2-hexanediol, benzyl alcohol, or mixtures thereof. The preservative is preferably used in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 2% by weight of the hair care composition.

[0040] The hair care composition of the present invention may contain other ingredients commonly used in the art to enhance physical properties and performance. Suitable ingredients include, but are not limited to, fragrances, dyes and pigments, pH adjusters, pearlescent agents or opacifiers, viscosity adjusters, thickeners and natural hair nutrients such as botanicals, fruit extracts, sugar derivatives and amino acids.

[0041] The compositions of the present invention are primarily intended for topical application to the scalp and / or at least a portion of the hair of an individual in a rinse-off or leave-on composition, preferably a rinse-off composition such as a conditioner.

[0042] The following examples are provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention. These examples are not provided to limit the scope of the claims.

[0043] Example

[0044] Example 1

[0045] This example demonstrates reduced silicone scaling through the use of alkanes. Compositions were prepared according to the formulations detailed in Table 1. All ingredients are expressed as weight percent of the total formulation and are expressed as active ingredient levels.

[0046] Table 1

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] a. Commercial dimethiconol is available from Dow under the trade name Dowsil 1785BA.

[0050] b .A commercial material from Dow is available under the trade name CE-1607 IHD Emulsion which contains 42 wt% dimethiconol / silsesquioxane copolymer and 28 wt% isohexadecane.

[0051] method

[0052] The following procedure was used to measure the % silicone scaling: about 800g of the conditioner composition was placed in a 1000mL beaker and stirred at 160rpm for 20min with a flat paddle. Then 700g of the conditioner composition was taken out and 100g was left in the beaker. About 700g of hot water (80-90°C) was added to the beaker and stirred at 160rpm for 20min with a flat paddle. The diluted material was then filtered using a 710μm sieve. The contents of the beaker were then filled with 800mL of water (25°C) and stirred at 160rpm for 1min. Afterwards, the contents of the beaker were filtered using a 710μm sieve. The beaker, sieve and paddle were then dried in an oven at 45°C for 3 hours. The weight gain of the beaker, paddle and sieve was then measured, which is an indicator of the absolute amount of silicone scaling. The % silicone scaling was then calculated using the following equation:

[0053] % Silicone scale = (absolute amount of silicone scale) / (amount of hair conditioner composition taken)*100.

[0054] result

[0055] The % siloxane scaling is reported in Table 2.

[0056] Table 2

[0057]

[0058] Siloxane fouling above 3% is considered unacceptable (according to the procedure outlined above). The results clearly show that Samples 3 to 8 containing alkanes exhibit lower siloxane fouling compared to Samples 1 and 2.

Claims

1. A hair care composition comprising: (a) 0.5 to 2.5 wt % of a cationic surfactant selected from stearamidopropyl dimethylamine, behenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and combinations thereof; (b) 0.5 to 3 wt % of a silicone compound, wherein the silicone compound is selected from dimethiconol, dimethiconol derivatives, and combinations thereof; (c) 0.1 to 2 weight percent of a linear or branched alkane having 8 to 22 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of dodecane, tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane, isododecane, isohexadecane, and combinations thereof; and (d) 0.05 to 2% by weight of an anti-dandruff agent selected from piroctone olamine, selenium sulfide, azole-based antifungal agents, and combinations thereof; wherein the composition is substantially free of cyclomethicone compounds, and wherein the cyclomethicone compound is present in an amount of less than 0.5% based on the total weight of the hair care composition.

2. The hair care composition according to claim 1, wherein the silicone compound is a non-volatile silicone having a vapor pressure of less than 1000 Pa at 25°C and one atmosphere.

3. The hair care composition of claim 1, wherein the dimethiconol derivative is selected from the group consisting of dimethiconol / silsesquioxane copolymer, dimethiconol arginine, dimethiconol beeswax, dimethiconol behenate, dimethiconol cysteine, dimethiconol limnanthes seed oleate, dimethiconol methionine, dimethiconol panthenol, amodimethicone, dimethiconol stearate, trimethylsiloxysilicate / dimethiconol crosspolymer, acrylates / dimethiconol acrylate copolymer, and mixtures thereof.

4. The hair care composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the straight or branched chain alkane is isohexadecane.

5. The hair care composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the anti-dandruff agent is piroctone olamine.

6. A hair care composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composition comprises the anti-dandruff agent in an amount of from 0.05 to 1.5% by weight of the composition.

7. The hair care composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cyclomethicone compound is selected from octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane and mixtures thereof.

8. The hair care composition of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the cyclomethicone compound is absent from the composition.

9. The hair care composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composition further comprises a fatty alcohol.

10. The hair care composition of claim 9, wherein the fatty alcohol comprises from 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

11. The hair care composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the silicone compound is a dimethiconol / silsesquioxane copolymer.

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