A planetary gear type multi-speed automatic transmission

Abstract

A planetary gear-type multi-speed automatic transmission belongs to the technical field of transmissions. The third inner hub is connected to the first and second sun gears; the first planet carrier is connected to the fourth outer ring gear; the second outer ring gear is connected to the third sun gear via a fourth clutch; the input shaft is connected to the second planet carrier and the second inner hub; the third outer ring gear is connected to the fourth sun gear; the first brake is connected to the automatic transmission case and the third inner hub, respectively; the second brake is connected to the automatic transmission case and the first outer ring gear, respectively; the first clutch is connected at one end to the second inner hub, and at the other end to the third outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear; the second clutch is connected at one end to the third and fourth planet carriers, respectively; the third clutch is connected at one end to the third outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear, and at the other end to the fourth inner hub; the fourth clutch is connected at one end to the second outer ring gear, the third sun gear, and the fourth inner hub, and at the other end to the first planet carrier and the fourth outer ring gear. The present invention can achieve multi-speed shifting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of transmissions, and in particular relates to a multi-speed automatic transmission based on a planetary gear structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the automotive industry and the continuous improvement of technological innovation, multi-speed automatic transmissions are being used more and more widely in the field of transmissions. Multi-speed automatic transmissions can give full play to the comprehensive performance of the engine, and the planetary gear system can convert larger speed ratio changes. Multiple planetary gear systems cooperate with each other, and a variety of speed ratio relationships can be achieved through different connection forms. In addition, the cooperation of clutches and brakes can achieve different power combinations with fewer parts. It has a compact spatial structure and is relatively light in weight. It is an important implementation form of multi-speed automatic transmissions.

[0003] Currently, the world's automatic transmissions are mainly implemented in the form of 6-speed and 8-speed automatic transmissions. The 10-speed automatic transmission is the main research direction of high-end automatic transmissions. This is because the speed ratio difference between 6-speed and 8-speed automatic transmissions is large compared to the 10-speed automatic transmission, and there is a sense of jerk when shifting gears. The engine power conversion efficiency is relatively low, and the fuel economy is relatively poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems existing in the prior art and to provide a planetary gear type multi-speed automatic transmission with a simple structure and easy maintenance.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A planetary gear type multi-speed automatic transmission comprises a structural component, four clutches, two brakes, and four planetary gear trains; the structural component comprises an input shaft and three inner hubs, the three inner hubs comprising a second inner hub, a third inner hub, and a fourth inner hub; the four clutches comprising a first clutch, a second clutch, a third clutch, and a fourth clutch; the two brakes comprising a first brake and a second brake; and the four planetary gear trains comprising a first planetary gear train, a second planetary gear train, a third planetary gear train, and a fourth planetary gear train; the first planetary gear train, the second planetary gear train, the third planetary gear train, and the fourth planetary gear train being coaxial and arranged in sequence from the input end to the output end;

[0007] The first planetary gear train includes a first sun gear, a first planet gear, a first planet carrier, and a first outer ring gear; the first planet gear is mounted on the first planet carrier, and the first planet gear is meshed with the first sun gear and the first outer ring gear respectively;

[0008] The second planetary gear train includes a second sun gear, second planetary gears, a second planetary carrier, and a second outer ring gear; the second planetary gears are mounted on the second planetary carrier, and the second planetary gears are meshed with the second sun gear and the second outer ring gear respectively;

[0009] The third planetary gear system includes a third sun gear, third planetary gears, a third planetary carrier, and a third outer ring gear; the third planetary gear is mounted on the third planetary carrier, and the third planetary gear is meshed with the third sun gear and the third outer ring gear respectively;

[0010] The fourth planetary gear system includes a fourth sun gear, a fourth planetary gear, a fourth planetary carrier, and a fourth outer ring gear; the fourth planetary gear is mounted on the fourth planetary carrier, and the fourth planetary gear is meshed with the fourth sun gear and the fourth outer ring gear respectively;

[0011] The third inner hub, the first sun gear and the second sun gear are rigidly connected; the first planetary carrier is rigidly connected to the fourth outer ring gear; the second outer ring gear and the third sun gear are rigidly connected through the fourth clutch; the input shaft, the second planetary carrier and the second inner hub are rigidly connected; the third outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear are rigidly connected; one end of the first brake is rigidly connected to the automatic transmission case, and the other end of the first brake is rigidly connected to the third inner hub; one end of the second brake is rigidly connected to the automatic transmission case, and the other end of the second brake is rigidly connected to the first outer ring gear; one end of the first clutch is connected to the second inner hub, and the other end of the first clutch is connected to the third outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear; one end of the second clutch is connected to the third planetary carrier, and the other end of the second clutch is connected to the fourth planetary carrier; one end of the third clutch is connected to the third outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear, and the other end of the third clutch is rigidly connected to the fourth inner hub; one end of the fourth clutch is rigidly connected to the second outer ring gear, the third sun gear and the fourth inner hub, and the other end of the fourth clutch is connected to the first planetary carrier and the fourth outer ring gear.

[0012] Furthermore, the first brake, the second brake, and the first clutch are simultaneously engaged, and the remaining clutches are disengaged to form first gear;

[0013] The first brake, second brake, and third clutch are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches are disengaged to form second gear;

[0014] The second brake, first clutch, and third clutch are engaged simultaneously, while the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form third gear;

[0015] The second brake, third clutch, and fourth clutch are engaged simultaneously, while the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form fourth gear;

[0016] The second brake, first clutch, and fourth clutch are engaged simultaneously, while the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form fifth gear;

[0017] The second brake, first clutch, and second clutch are engaged simultaneously, while the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the sixth gear;

[0018] The first, second, and third clutches are engaged simultaneously, while the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form seven gears;

[0019] The first brake, first clutch, and second clutch are engaged simultaneously, while the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form eight gears;

[0020] The first brake, first clutch, and fourth clutch are engaged simultaneously, while the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the ninth gear;

[0021] The first brake, third clutch, and fourth clutch are engaged simultaneously, while the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form ten gears;

[0022] The first brake, the second brake, and the second clutch are engaged at the same time, and the remaining clutches are disengaged to form reverse gear.

[0023] Furthermore, the power transmission path for first gear is as follows: the first brake is engaged, the first sun gear is fixed, the second brake is engaged, the first outer ring gear is fixed, the first sun gear and the first outer ring gear are fixed, so that the first planetary gears and the first planetary carrier are fixed, the fourth outer ring gear is connected to the first planetary carrier, and the fourth outer ring gear is fixed; the input shaft transmits power to the second inner hub, the first clutch, and the fourth sun gear in sequence; the fourth outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear and the fourth planetary carrier, and the fourth planetary carrier outputs power to the outside;

[0024] The power transmission path for second gear is as follows: the first brake is engaged, the first sun gear and the second sun gear are fixed, the second brake is engaged, the first outer ring gear is fixed, the first sun gear and the first outer ring gear are fixed, so that the first planetary gears and the first planetary carrier are fixed, the fourth outer ring gear is connected to the first planetary carrier, and the fourth outer ring gear is fixed; the input shaft transmits power to the second planetary carrier, the second sun gear and the second planetary carrier work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear through the second planetary gear, the second outer ring gear transmits power to the fourth inner hub, the third clutch, and the fourth sun gear in sequence, the fourth outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear and the fourth planetary carrier, and the fourth planetary carrier outputs power externally;

[0025] The power transmission path of the third gear is as follows: the second brake is engaged, the first outer ring gear is fixed, the input shaft transmits power to the second planetary carrier and the second inner hub, the second inner hub transmits power to the third clutch and the fourth sun gear respectively through the first clutch, the third clutch transmits power to the second outer ring gear, the second outer ring gear and the second planetary carrier rotate at the same speed and transmit power to the second sun gear through the second planetary gear, the second sun gear transmits power to the first sun gear, the first sun gear and the first outer ring gear work together to transmit power to the first planetary carrier through the first planetary gear, the first planetary carrier transmits power to the fourth outer ring gear, the fourth outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear and the fourth planetary carrier, and the fourth planetary carrier outputs power to the outside;

[0026] The power transmission path of the fourth gear is as follows: the second brake is engaged, the first outer ring gear is fixed, the third clutch is engaged, the second outer ring gear is connected to the fourth sun gear, the fourth clutch is engaged, the second outer ring gear, the first planetary carrier, the fourth outer ring gear, and the fourth sun gear rotate at the same speed and transmit power to each other, the first sun gear and the second sun gear rotate at the same speed and can transmit power to each other, the input shaft transmits power to the second planetary carrier, so that the first planetary gear train and the second planetary gear train form a combined gear train with a fixed speed ratio, the second planetary carrier and the first outer ring gear work together to transmit power to the fourth outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear through the combined gear train, the fourth outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear and the fourth planetary carrier, and the fourth planetary carrier outputs power to the outside;

[0027] The power transmission path of the fifth gear is as follows: the second brake is engaged, the first outer ring gear is fixed, the fourth clutch is engaged, the second outer ring gear, the first planetary carrier, and the fourth outer ring gear rotate at the same speed and can transmit power to each other, the first sun gear and the second sun gear rotate at the same speed and transmit power to each other, the input shaft transmits power to the second planetary carrier and the second inner hub, the second inner hub transmits power to the fourth sun gear through the first clutch, so that the first planetary gear train and the second planetary gear train form a combined gear train with a fixed speed ratio, the second planetary carrier and the first outer ring gear work together to transmit power to the fourth outer ring gear through the combined gear train, the fourth outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear and the fourth planetary carrier, and the fourth planetary carrier outputs power to the outside;

[0028] The power transmission path of the sixth gear is as follows: the second brake is engaged, the first outer ring gear is fixed, the input shaft transmits power to the second planetary carrier and the second inner hub, the second inner hub transmits power to the third outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear respectively through the first clutch, the second planetary carrier transmits power to the second outer ring gear and the second sun gear respectively through the second planetary gear, the second outer ring gear transmits power to the third sun gear, the third outer ring gear and the third sun gear work together to transmit power to the third planetary carrier through the third planetary gear, the third planetary carrier transmits power to the second clutch, the second sun gear transmits power to the first sun gear, the first outer ring gear and the first sun gear work together to transmit power to the first planetary carrier through the first planetary gear, the first planetary carrier transmits power to the fourth outer ring gear, the fourth outer ring gear, the second clutch, and the fourth sun gear work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear and the fourth planetary carrier, and the fourth planetary carrier outputs power to the outside;

[0029] The power transmission path for seventh gear is as follows: the third clutch is engaged, the third outer ring gear, third sun gear, third planetary gear, and third planetary carrier rotate at the same speed, and the third planetary gear train transmits power at a constant speed. The input shaft transmits power to the second inner hub, the first clutch, the third planetary gear train, the second clutch, and the fourth planetary carrier in sequence. The fourth planetary carrier outputs power to the outside.

[0030] The power transmission path of the eighth gear is as follows: the first brake is engaged, the second sun gear is fixed, the input shaft transmits power to the second planetary carrier and the second inner hub, the second inner hub transmits power to the third outer ring gear through the first clutch, the second planetary carrier and the second sun gear work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear through the second planetary gear, the second outer ring gear transmits power to the third sun gear, the third outer ring gear and the third sun gear work together to transmit power to the third planetary carrier through the third planetary gear, the third planetary carrier transmits power to the second clutch and the fourth planetary carrier in sequence, and the fourth planetary carrier outputs power to the outside;

[0031] The power transmission path of the ninth gear is as follows: the first brake is engaged, the second sun gear is fixed, the input shaft transmits power to the second planetary carrier and the second inner hub at the same time, the second inner hub transmits power to the fourth sun gear through the first clutch, the second planetary carrier and the second sun gear work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear through the second planetary gear, the second outer ring gear transmits power to the fourth clutch and the fourth outer ring gear in sequence, the fourth outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear and the fourth planetary carrier, and the fourth planetary carrier outputs power to the outside;

[0032] The power transmission path of the tenth gear is as follows: the first brake is engaged, the second sun gear is fixed, the input shaft transmits power to the second planetary carrier, the second planetary carrier and the second sun gear work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear through the second planetary gear, the third clutch is engaged, the second outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear have the same speed, the fourth clutch is engaged, the second outer ring gear and the fourth outer ring gear have the same speed, so that the fourth planetary gear system as a whole transmits power at a constant speed, the second outer ring gear transmits power to the fourth outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear at the same time, the fourth outer ring gear and the fourth sun gear work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear and the fourth planetary carrier, and the fourth planetary carrier outputs power to the outside.

[0033] Furthermore, the power transmission path of the reverse gear is as follows: the first brake is engaged, the first sun gear and the second sun gear are fixed, the second brake is engaged, the first outer ring gear is fixed, the first sun gear and the first outer ring gear are fixed so that the first planetary gear and the first planetary carrier are fixed, the fourth outer ring gear is connected to the first planetary carrier, the fourth outer ring gear is fixed, the input shaft transmits power to the second planetary carrier, the second sun gear and the second planetary carrier work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear through the second planetary gear, the second outer ring gear transmits power to the third sun gear, the third sun gear transmits power to the third outer ring gear and the third planetary carrier respectively through the third planetary gear, the third outer ring gear transmits power to the fourth sun gear, the third planetary carrier transmits power to the second clutch, the fourth outer ring gear, the second clutch, and the fourth sun gear work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear and the fourth planetary carrier, and the fourth planetary carrier outputs power to the outside.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention relative to the prior art are:

[0035] 1. The present invention realizes the selection of different speed ratios of the planetary mechanism through different combinations of four planetary gear trains and structural components, as well as different combinations of four clutches and two brakes, and can achieve a working mode of ten forward gears and one reverse gear.

[0036] 2. The present invention has the characteristics of reasonable and compact structural design, simple assembly and convenient control. It uses relatively few parts, and the clutch, brake and planetary gear system are simple to assemble. The parts cost and processing difficulty are low. It can realize multiple operating modes and has high cost performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a planetary gear type multi-speed automatic transmission of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the clutch and brake working mode;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first gear structure;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the second gear structure;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-gear structure;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the four-speed structure;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a five-speed structure diagram;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the six-speed structure;

[0045] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the seven-speed structure;

[0046] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the eight-speed structure;

[0047] Figure 11 It is a nine-speed structure diagram;

[0048] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the ten-speed structure;

[0049] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the reverse gear structure;

[0050] Figure 14 This is a lever diagram of a planetary gear type multi-speed automatic transmission of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 15 It is a partial cross-sectional view of a planetary gear type multi-speed automatic transmission of the present invention.

[0052] The names and numbers of the components involved in the above drawings are as follows:

[0053] Input shaft 1, second inner hub 2, third inner hub 3, fourth inner hub 4, first clutch 53, second clutch 54, third clutch 55, fourth clutch 56, first brake 51, second brake 52, first sun gear 11, first planetary gears 12, first outer ring gear 13, first planetary carrier 14, second sun gear 21, second planetary gears 22, second outer ring gear 23, second planetary carrier 24, third sun gear 31, third planetary gears 32, third outer ring gear 33, third planetary carrier 34, fourth sun gear 41, fourth planetary gears 42, fourth outer ring gear 43, fourth planetary carrier 44. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] Specific implementation method 1: Figures 1-13 、 Figure 15As shown, this embodiment describes a planetary gear type multi-speed automatic transmission, including structural components, four clutches, two brakes and four planetary gear trains; the structural components are an input shaft 1 (an input component for torque and speed) and three inner hubs, the three inner hubs are a second inner hub 2, a third inner hub 3 and a fourth inner hub 4, the four clutches are a first clutch 53, a second clutch 54, a third clutch 55 and a fourth clutch 56, the two brakes are a first brake 51 and a second brake 52, and the four planetary gear trains are a first planetary gear train, a second planetary gear train, a third planetary gear train and a fourth planetary gear train; the first planetary gear train, the second planetary gear train, the third planetary gear train and the fourth planetary gear train are coaxial and arranged in sequence from the input end to the output end;

[0055] The first planetary gear train includes a first sun gear 11, first planetary gears 12, a first planet carrier 14, and a first outer ring gear 13 (the inner annular surface of the first outer ring gear 13 is provided with teeth). The first planetary gear 12 is mounted on the first planet carrier 14 and meshes with the first sun gear 11 and the first outer ring gear 13 simultaneously.

[0056] The second planetary gear train includes a second sun gear 21, second planetary gears 22, a second planetary carrier 24, and a second outer ring gear 23 (the inner annular surface of the second outer ring gear 23 is provided with teeth). The second planetary gears 22 are mounted on the second planetary carrier 24 and mesh with the second sun gear 21 and the second outer ring gear 23 simultaneously.

[0057] The third planetary gear train includes a third sun gear 31, third planetary gears 32, a third planet carrier 34, and a third outer ring gear 33 (the inner annular surface of the third outer ring gear 33 is provided with teeth). The third planetary gears 32 are mounted on the third planet carrier 34 and mesh with the third sun gear 31 and the third outer ring gear 33 simultaneously.

[0058] The fourth planetary gear train includes a fourth sun gear 41, fourth planetary gears 42, a fourth planet carrier 44 (a component for outputting torque and speed), and a fourth outer ring gear 43 (the inner annular surface of the fourth outer ring gear 43 is provided with teeth). The fourth planetary gears 42 are mounted on the fourth planet carrier 44 and mesh with the fourth sun gear 41 and the fourth outer ring gear 43 simultaneously.

[0059] The third inner hub 3, the first sun gear 11, and the second sun gear 21 are rigidly connected (specifically, the connection method is welding or spline connection, and the first sun gear 11 and the second sun gear 21 can be integrally formed by forging. The third inner hub 3 is mounted on the oil pump shaft, and the oil pump shaft is conventional); the first planetary carrier 14 is rigidly connected to the fourth outer ring gear 43 (preferably, the first planetary carrier 14 and the fourth outer ring gear 43 are connected by adapter 1, and adapter 1 is spline-connected to the first planetary carrier 14 and the fourth outer ring gear 43); the second outer ring gear 23 is rigidly connected to the third sun gear 31 via the fourth clutch 56 (The fourth clutch 56 is spline-connected to the second outer ring gear 23 and the third sun gear 31 respectively); the input shaft 1 (installed in the oil pump hole, which is the existing technology), the second planetary carrier 24, and the second inner hub 2 are rigidly connected (the specific implementation form is: the input shaft 1 is rigidly connected to the second planetary carrier 24 and the second inner hub 2 respectively through spline form); the third outer ring gear 33 is rigidly connected to the fourth sun gear 41 (the specific implementation form is: the third outer ring gear 33 is rigidly connected to the adapter 2 through spline form, and the fourth sun gear 41 is rigidly connected to the adapter 2 through welding); one end of the first brake 51 is rigidly connected to the automatic transmission case The first clutch 53 is connected to the second inner hub 2, and the other end of the first clutch 53 is connected to the third outer ring gear 33 and the fourth sun gear 41; the second clutch 54 is connected to the third planetary carrier 34 (through the adapter 3) (the adapter 3 is connected to the second clutch 54 and the third planetary carrier 34). The first planetary gear 14 is connected to the fourth planetary gear 14 by a spline, and the second planetary gear 14 is connected to the fourth planetary gear 14 by a spline. The first planetary gear 14 is connected to the fourth sun gear 14 by a spline, and the second planetary gear 14 is connected to the fourth sun gear 14 by a spline. The first planetary gear 14 is connected to the fourth planetary gear 14 by a spline, and the fourth planetary gear 14 is connected to the fourth sun gear 14 by a spline.

[0060] The first brake 51, the second brake 52, and the first clutch 53 are simultaneously engaged, and the remaining clutches are disengaged to form first gear;

[0061] The first brake 51, the second brake 52, and the third clutch 55 are simultaneously engaged, and the remaining clutches are disengaged to form second gear;

[0062] The second brake 52, the first clutch 53, and the third clutch 55 are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form third gear;

[0063] The second brake 52, the third clutch 55, and the fourth clutch 56 are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form fourth gear;

[0064] The second brake 52, the first clutch 53, and the fourth clutch 56 are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form fifth gear;

[0065] The second brake 52, the first clutch 53, and the second clutch 54 are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the sixth gear;

[0066] The first clutch 53, the second clutch 54, and the third clutch 55 are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the seventh gear;

[0067] The first brake 51, the first clutch 53, and the second clutch 54 are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the eighth gear;

[0068] The first brake 51, the first clutch 53, and the fourth clutch 56 are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the ninth gear;

[0069] The first brake 51, the third clutch 55, and the fourth clutch 56 are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the tenth gear;

[0070] The first brake 51 , the second brake 52 , and the second clutch 54 are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches are disengaged to form the reverse gear.

[0071] The power transmission path of the first gear is as follows (such as Figure 3 As shown in FIG5 , the first brake 51 is engaged, the first sun gear 11 is fixed, the second brake 52 is engaged, the first outer ring gear 13 is fixed, and the first sun gear 11 and the first outer ring gear 13 are fixed, so that the first planetary gears 12 and the first planetary carrier 14 are fixed. The fourth outer ring gear 43 is connected to the first planetary carrier 14, and the fourth outer ring gear 43 is fixed. The input shaft 1 transmits power to the second inner hub 2, the first clutch 53, and the fourth sun gear 41 in sequence. The fourth outer ring gear 43 and the fourth sun gear 41 work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gears 42 and the fourth planetary carrier 44, and the fourth planetary carrier 44 outputs power to the outside.

[0072] The power transmission path of the second gear is as follows (such as Figure 4As shown in FIG5 , the first brake 51 is engaged, the first sun gear 11 and the second sun gear 21 are fixed, the second brake 52 is engaged, the first outer ring gear 13 is fixed, and the first sun gear 11 and the first outer ring gear 13 are fixed, so that the first planetary gear 12 and the first planetary carrier 14 are fixed. The fourth outer ring gear 43 is connected to the first planetary carrier 14, and the fourth outer ring gear 43 is fixed. The input shaft 1 transmits power to the second planetary carrier 24. The second sun gear 21 and the second planetary carrier 24 work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear 23 via the second planetary gear 22. The second outer ring gear 23 sequentially transmits power to the fourth inner hub 4, the third clutch 55, and the fourth sun gear 41. The fourth outer ring gear 43 and the fourth sun gear 41 work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear 42 and the fourth planetary carrier 44. The fourth planetary carrier 44 outputs power to the outside.

[0073] The power transmission path of the third gear is as follows (such as Figure 5 As shown): the second brake 52 is engaged, the first outer ring gear 13 is fixed, the input shaft 1 transmits power to the second planetary carrier 24 and the second inner hub 2, the second inner hub 2 transmits power to the third clutch 55 and the fourth sun gear 41 respectively through the first clutch 53, the third clutch 55 transmits power to the second outer ring gear 23, the second outer ring gear 23 and the second planetary carrier 24 rotate at the same speed and transmit power to the second sun gear 21 through the second planetary gear 22, the second sun gear 21 transmits power to the first sun gear 11, the first sun gear 11 and the first outer ring gear 13 work together to transmit power to the first planetary carrier 14 through the first planetary gear 12, the first planetary carrier 14 transmits power to the fourth outer ring gear 43, the fourth outer ring gear 43 and the fourth sun gear 41 work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear 42 and the fourth planetary carrier 44, and the fourth planetary carrier 44 outputs power to the outside;

[0074] The power transmission path of the fourth gear is as follows (such as Figure 6 As shown): the second brake 52 is engaged, the first outer ring gear 13 is fixed, the third clutch 55 is engaged, the second outer ring gear 23 is connected to the fourth sun gear 41, the fourth clutch 56 is engaged, the second outer ring gear 23, the first planetary carrier 14, the fourth outer ring gear 43, and the fourth sun gear 41 rotate at the same speed and transmit power to each other, the first sun gear 11 and the second sun gear 21 rotate at the same speed and can transmit power to each other, the input shaft 1 transmits power to the second planetary carrier 24, so that the first planetary gear train and the second planetary gear train form a combined gear train with a fixed speed ratio, the second planetary carrier 24 and the first outer ring gear 13 work together to transmit power to the fourth outer ring gear 43 and the fourth sun gear 41 through the combined gear train, the fourth outer ring gear 43 and the fourth sun gear 41 work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear 42 and the fourth planetary carrier 44, and the fourth planetary carrier 44 outputs power to the outside;

[0075] The power transmission path of the fifth gear is as follows (such as Figure 7As shown): the second brake 52 is engaged, the first outer ring gear 13 is fixed, the fourth clutch 56 is engaged, the second outer ring gear 23, the first planetary carrier 14, and the fourth outer ring gear 43 rotate at the same speed and can transmit power to each other, the first sun gear 11 and the second sun gear 21 rotate at the same speed and transmit power to each other, the input shaft 1 transmits power to the second planetary carrier 24 and the second inner hub 2, and the second inner hub 2 transmits power to the fourth sun gear 41 through the first clutch 53. In this way, the first planetary gear train and the second planetary gear train form a combined gear train with a fixed speed ratio. The second planetary carrier 24 and the first outer ring gear 13 work together to transmit power to the fourth outer ring gear 43 through the combined gear train. The fourth outer ring gear 43 and the fourth sun gear 41 work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear 42 and the fourth planetary carrier 44, and the fourth planetary carrier 44 outputs power to the outside;

[0076] The power transmission path of the sixth gear is as follows (such as Figure 8 As shown): the second brake 52 is engaged, the first outer ring gear 13 is fixed, the input shaft 1 transmits power to the second planetary carrier 24 and the second inner hub 2, the second inner hub 2 transmits power to the third outer ring gear 33 and the fourth sun gear 41 respectively through the first clutch 53, the second planetary carrier 24 transmits power to the second outer ring gear 23 and the second sun gear 21 respectively through the second planetary gear 22, the second outer ring gear 23 transmits power to the third sun gear 31, the third outer ring gear 33 and the third sun gear 31 work together to transmit power through the third planetary gear 32 The power is transmitted to the third planetary carrier 34, the third planetary carrier 34 transmits the power to the second clutch 54, the second sun gear 21 transmits the power to the first sun gear 11, the first outer ring gear 13 and the first sun gear 11 work together to transmit the power to the first planetary carrier 14 through the first planetary gear 12, the first planetary carrier 14 transmits the power to the fourth outer ring gear 43, the fourth outer ring gear 43, the second clutch 54, and the fourth sun gear 41 work together to transmit the power to the fourth planetary gear 42 and the fourth planetary carrier 44, and the fourth planetary carrier 44 outputs the power to the outside;

[0077] The power transmission path of the seventh gear is as follows (such as Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the third clutch 55 is engaged, the third outer ring gear 33, the third sun gear 31, the third planetary gears 32, and the third planetary carrier 34 rotate at the same speed, and the third planetary gear train as a whole transmits power at a constant speed. The input shaft 1 transmits power to the second inner hub 2, the first clutch 53, the third planetary gear train, the second clutch 54, and the fourth planetary carrier 44 in sequence, and the fourth planetary carrier 44 outputs power to the outside.

[0078] The power transmission path of the eighth gear is as follows (such as Figure 10As shown in the figure): the first brake 51 is engaged, the second sun gear 21 is fixed, the input shaft 1 transmits power to the second planetary carrier 24 and the second inner hub 2, the second inner hub 2 transmits power to the third outer ring gear 33 via the first clutch 53, the second planetary carrier 24 and the second sun gear 21 work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear 23 via the second planetary gears 22, the second outer ring gear 23 transmits power to the third sun gear 31, the third outer ring gear 33 and the third sun gear 31 work together to transmit power to the third planetary carrier 34 via the third planetary gears 32, the third planetary carrier 34 sequentially transmits power to the second clutch 54 and the fourth planetary carrier 44, and the fourth planetary carrier 44 outputs power to the outside;

[0079] The power transmission path of the ninth gear is as follows (eg Figure 11 As shown in the figure): the first brake 51 is engaged, the second sun gear 21 is fixed, the input shaft 1 transmits power to the second planetary carrier 24 and the second inner hub 2 simultaneously, the second inner hub 2 transmits power to the fourth sun gear 41 through the first clutch 53, the second planetary carrier 24 and the second sun gear 21 work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear 23 through the second planetary gears 22, the second outer ring gear 23 sequentially transmits power to the fourth clutch 56 and the fourth outer ring gear 43, the fourth outer ring gear 43 and the fourth sun gear 41 work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gears 42 and the fourth planetary carrier 44, and the fourth planetary carrier 44 outputs power externally;

[0080] The power transmission path of the tenth gear is as follows (such as Figure 12 As shown): the first brake 51 is engaged, the second sun gear 21 is fixed, the input shaft 1 transmits power to the second planetary carrier 24, the second planetary carrier 24 and the second sun gear 21 work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear 23 through the second planetary gear 22, the third clutch 55 is engaged, the second outer ring gear 23 and the fourth sun gear 41 rotate at the same speed, the fourth clutch 56 is engaged, the second outer ring gear 23 and the fourth outer ring gear 43 rotate at the same speed, so that the fourth planetary gear system as a whole transmits power at a constant speed, the second outer ring gear 23 transmits power to the fourth outer ring gear 43 and the fourth sun gear 41 at the same time, the fourth outer ring gear 43 and the fourth sun gear 41 work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear 42 and the fourth planetary carrier 44, and the fourth planetary carrier 44 outputs power to the outside.

[0081] The power transmission path of reverse gear is as follows (such as Figure 13As shown): the first brake 51 is engaged, the first sun gear 11 and the second sun gear 21 are fixed, the second brake 52 is engaged, the first outer ring gear 13 is fixed, the first sun gear 11 and the first outer ring gear 13 are fixed, so that the first planet gear 12 and the first planet carrier 14 are fixed, the fourth outer ring gear 43 is connected to the first planet carrier 14, the fourth outer ring gear 43 is fixed, the input shaft 1 transmits power to the second planet carrier 24, the second sun gear 21 and the second planet carrier 24 work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear 23 through the second planet gear 22, the second outer ring gear 23 transmits power to the third sun gear 31, the third sun gear 31 transmits power to the third outer ring gear 33 and the third planet carrier 34 respectively through the third planet gear 32, the third outer ring gear 33 transmits power to the fourth sun gear 41, the third planet carrier 34 transmits power to the second clutch 54, the fourth outer ring gear 43, the second clutch 54, and the fourth sun gear 41 work together to transmit power to the fourth planet gear 42 and the fourth planet carrier 44, and the fourth planet carrier 44 outputs power to the outside.

[0082] The present invention has the characteristics of compact structure, low difficulty in production and processing of parts, and convenient control. The reasonable spatial layout of the clutch and the planetary gear train can effectively improve the transmission efficiency and optimize the responsiveness and smoothness.

[0083] Using leverage diagrams (e.g. Figure 14 As shown), the speed ratio relationship (i.e., the transmission ratio) of each gear can be calculated through the mutual relationship of the inverse of the number of teeth of the first sun gear 11, the inverse of the number of teeth of the first outer ring gear 13, the inverse of the number of teeth of the second sun gear 21, the inverse of the number of teeth of the second outer ring gear 23, the inverse of the number of teeth of the third sun gear 31, the inverse of the number of teeth of the third outer ring gear 33, the inverse of the number of teeth of the fourth sun gear 41, and the inverse of the number of teeth of the fourth outer ring gear 43.

[0084] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of this patent and do not limit its scope of protection. Those skilled in the art may also make partial changes thereto, and as long as they do not exceed the spirit of this patent, they are within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A planetary gear type multi-speed automatic transmission, characterized in that: The invention comprises a structural component, four clutches, two brakes and four planetary gear trains; the structural component is an input shaft (1) and three inner hubs, the three inner hubs are a second inner hub (2), a third inner hub (3) and a fourth inner hub (4), the four clutches are a first clutch (53), a second clutch (54), a third clutch (55) and a fourth clutch (56), the two brakes are a first brake (51) and a second brake (52), and the four planetary gear trains are a first planetary gear train, a second planetary gear train, a third planetary gear train and a fourth planetary gear train; the first planetary gear train, the second planetary gear train, the third planetary gear train and the fourth planetary gear train are coaxial and arranged in sequence from the input end to the output end; The first planetary gear train comprises a first sun gear (11), a first planetary gear (12), a first planetary carrier (14) and a first outer ring gear (13); the first planetary gear (12) is mounted on the first planetary carrier (14), and the first planetary gear (12) is simultaneously meshed with the first sun gear (11) and the first outer ring gear (13); The second planetary gear train includes a second sun gear (21), a second planetary gear (22), a second planetary carrier (24), and a second outer ring gear (23); the second planetary gear (22) is mounted on the second planetary carrier (24), and the second planetary gear (22) is simultaneously meshed with the second sun gear (21) and the second outer ring gear (23); The third planetary gear train includes a third sun gear (31), a third planetary gear (32), a third planetary carrier (34) and a third outer ring gear (33); the third planetary gear (32) is mounted on the third planetary carrier (34), and the third planetary gear (32) is meshed with the third sun gear (31) and the third outer ring gear (33) respectively. The fourth planetary gear train includes a fourth sun gear (41), a fourth planetary gear (42), a fourth planetary carrier (44) and a fourth outer ring gear (43); the fourth planetary gear (42) is mounted on the fourth planetary carrier (44), and the fourth planetary gear (42) is simultaneously meshed with the fourth sun gear (41) and the fourth outer ring gear (43); The third inner hub (3), the first sun gear (11), and the second sun gear (21) are rigidly connected; the first planet carrier (14) is rigidly connected to the fourth outer ring gear (43); the second outer ring gear (23) is rigidly connected to the third sun gear (31) via the fourth clutch (56); the input shaft (1), the second planet carrier (24), and the second inner hub (2) are rigidly connected; the third outer ring gear (33) is rigidly connected to the fourth sun gear (41); one end of the first brake (51) is rigidly connected to the automatic transmission housing, and the other end of the first brake (51) is rigidly connected to the third inner hub (3); one end of the second brake (52) is rigidly connected to the automatic transmission housing, and the other end of the second brake (52) is rigidly connected to the first outer ring gear (13). One end of the first clutch (53) is connected to the second inner hub (2), and the other end of the first clutch (53) is connected to the third outer gear ring (33) and the fourth sun gear (41); one end of the second clutch (54) is connected to the third planetary carrier (34), and the other end of the second clutch (54) is connected to the fourth planetary carrier (44); one end of the third clutch (55) is connected to the third outer gear ring (33) and the fourth sun gear (41), and the other end of the third clutch (55) is rigidly connected to the fourth inner hub (4); one end of the fourth clutch (56) is rigidly connected to the second outer gear ring (23), the third sun gear (31) and the fourth inner hub (4), and the other end of the fourth clutch (56) is connected to the first planetary carrier (14) and the fourth outer gear ring (43).

2. A planetary gear type multi-speed automatic transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first brake (51), the second brake (52), and the first clutch (53) are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches are disengaged to form first gear; The first brake (51), the second brake (52), and the third clutch (55) are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches are disengaged to form the second gear; The second brake (52), the first clutch (53), and the third clutch (55) are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the third gear; The second brake (52), the third clutch (55), and the fourth clutch (56) are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the fourth gear; The second brake (52), the first clutch (53), and the fourth clutch (56) are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the fifth gear; The second brake (52), the first clutch (53), and the second clutch (54) are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the sixth gear; The first clutch (53), the second clutch (54), and the third clutch (55) are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form the seventh gear; The first brake (51), the first clutch (53), and the second clutch (54) are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are separated to form eight gears; The first brake (51), the first clutch (53), and the fourth clutch (56) are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are separated to form nine gears; The first brake (51), the third clutch (55), and the fourth clutch (56) are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches and brakes are disengaged to form ten gears; The first brake (51), the second brake (52) and the second clutch (54) are engaged simultaneously, and the remaining clutches are separated to form a reverse gear.

3. A planetary gear type multi-speed automatic transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power transmission path of the first gear is as follows: the first brake (51) is engaged, the first sun gear (11) is fixed, the second brake (52) is engaged, the first outer ring gear (13) is fixed, the first sun gear (11) and the first outer ring gear (13) are fixed so that the first planet gear (12) and the first planet carrier (14) are fixed, the fourth outer ring gear (43) is connected to the first planet carrier (14), and the fourth outer ring gear (43) is fixed; the input shaft (1) transmits power to the second inner hub (2), the first clutch (53) and the fourth sun gear (41) in sequence, the fourth outer ring gear (43) and the fourth sun gear (41) work together to transmit power to the fourth planet gear (42) and the fourth planet carrier (44), and the fourth planet carrier (44) outputs power to the outside; The power transmission path of the second gear is as follows: the first brake (51) is engaged, the first sun gear (11) and the second sun gear (21) are fixed, the second brake (52) is engaged, the first outer ring gear (13) is fixed, the first sun gear (11) and the first outer ring gear (13) are fixed so that the first planetary gear (12) and the first planetary carrier (14) are fixed, the fourth outer ring gear (43) is connected to the first planetary carrier (14), and the fourth outer ring gear (43) is fixed; the input shaft (1) transmits power to the second planetary carrier (24), the second sun gear (21) and the second planetary carrier (24) work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear (23) through the second planetary gear (22), the second outer ring gear (23) transmits power to the fourth inner hub (4), the third clutch (55) and the fourth sun gear (41) in sequence, the fourth outer ring gear (43) and the fourth sun gear (41) work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear (42) and the fourth planetary carrier (44), and the fourth planetary carrier (44) outputs power to the outside; The power transmission path of the third gear is as follows: the second brake (52) is engaged, the first outer ring gear (13) is fixed, the input shaft (1) transmits power to the second planetary carrier (24) and the second inner hub (2), the second inner hub (2) transmits power to the third clutch (55) and the fourth sun gear (41) through the first clutch (53), the third clutch (55) transmits power to the second outer ring gear (23), the second outer ring gear (23) and the second planetary carrier (24) rotate at the same speed and transmit the power together through the second planetary gear (22). The power is transmitted to the second sun gear (21), the second sun gear (21) transmits the power to the first sun gear (11), the first sun gear (11) and the first outer ring gear (13) work together to transmit the power to the first planetary carrier (14) through the first planetary gear (12), the first planetary carrier (14) transmits the power to the fourth outer ring gear (43), the fourth outer ring gear (43) and the fourth sun gear (41) work together to transmit the power to the fourth planetary gear (42) and the fourth planetary carrier (44), and the fourth planetary carrier (44) outputs the power to the outside; The power transmission path of the fourth gear is as follows: the second brake (52) is engaged, the first outer ring gear (13) is fixed, the third clutch (55) is engaged, the second outer ring gear (23) is connected to the fourth sun gear (41), the fourth clutch (56) is engaged, the second outer ring gear (23), the first planetary carrier (14), the fourth outer ring gear (43), and the fourth sun gear (41) rotate at the same speed and transmit power to each other, the first sun gear (11) and the second sun gear (21) rotate at the same speed and can transmit power to each other, the input shaft (1) transmits power to the second planetary carrier (24), so that the first planetary gear train and the second planetary gear train form a combined gear train with a fixed speed ratio, the second planetary carrier (24) and the first outer ring gear (13) work together to transmit power to the fourth outer ring gear (43) and the fourth sun gear (41) through the combined gear train, the fourth outer ring gear (43) and the fourth sun gear (41) work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear (42) and the fourth planetary carrier (44), and the fourth planetary carrier (44) outputs power to the outside; The power transmission path of the fifth gear is as follows: the second brake (52) is engaged, the first outer ring gear (13) is fixed, the fourth clutch (56) is engaged, the second outer ring gear (23), the first planetary carrier (14), and the fourth outer ring gear (43) have the same rotational speed and can transmit power to each other, the first sun gear (11) and the second sun gear (21) have the same rotational speed and transmit power to each other, the input shaft (1) transmits power to the second planetary carrier (24) and the second inner hub (2), the second inner hub (2) transmits power to the fourth sun gear (41) through the first clutch (53), so that the first planetary gear train and the second planetary gear train form a combined gear train with a fixed speed ratio, the second planetary carrier (24) and the first outer ring gear (13) work together to transmit power to the fourth outer ring gear (43) through the combined gear train, the fourth outer ring gear (43) and the fourth sun gear (41) work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear (42) and the fourth planetary carrier (44), and the fourth planetary carrier (44) outputs power to the outside; The power transmission path of the sixth gear is as follows: the second brake (52) is engaged, the first outer ring gear (13) is fixed, the input shaft (1) transmits power to the second planetary carrier (24) and the second inner hub (2), the second inner hub (2) transmits power to the third outer ring gear (33) and the fourth sun gear (41) respectively through the first clutch (53), the second planetary carrier (24) transmits power to the second outer ring gear (23) and the second sun gear (21) respectively through the second planetary gear (22), the second outer ring gear (23) transmits power to the third sun gear (31), the third outer ring gear (33) and the third sun gear (31) work together to transmit power to the third sun gear (31) through the third planetary gear (3 2) transmitting power to the third planetary carrier (34), the third planetary carrier (34) transmitting power to the second clutch (54), the second sun gear (21) transmitting power to the first sun gear (11), the first outer ring gear (13) and the first sun gear (11) acting in conjunction to transmit power to the first planetary carrier (14) via the first planetary gear (12), the first planetary carrier (14) transmitting power to the fourth outer ring gear (43), the fourth outer ring gear (43), the second clutch (54), and the fourth sun gear (41) acting in conjunction to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear (42) and the fourth planetary carrier (44), and the fourth planetary carrier (44) outputting power to the outside; The power transmission path of the seventh gear is as follows: the third clutch (55) is engaged, the third outer ring gear (33), the third sun gear (31), the third planetary gear (32), and the third planetary carrier (34) rotate at the same speed, the third planetary gear system as a whole transmits power at a constant speed, the input shaft (1) transmits power to the second inner hub (2), the first clutch (53), the third planetary gear system, the second clutch (54), and the fourth planetary carrier (44) in sequence, and the fourth planetary carrier (44) outputs power to the outside; The power transmission path of the eighth gear is as follows: the first brake (51) is engaged, the second sun gear (21) is fixed, the input shaft (1) transmits power to the second planetary carrier (24) and the second inner hub (2), the second inner hub (2) transmits power to the third outer gear ring (33) through the first clutch (53), the second planetary carrier (24) and the second sun gear (21) work together to transmit power to the second outer gear ring (23) through the second planetary gear (22), the second outer gear ring (23) transmits power to the third sun gear (31), the third outer gear ring (33) and the third sun gear (31) work together to transmit power to the third planetary carrier (34) through the third planetary gear (32), the third planetary carrier (34) transmits power to the second clutch (54) and the fourth planetary carrier (44) in sequence, and the fourth planetary carrier (44) outputs power to the outside; The power transmission path of the ninth gear is as follows: the first brake (51) is engaged, the second sun gear (21) is fixed, the input shaft (1) transmits power to the second planetary carrier (24) and the second inner hub (2) at the same time, the second inner hub (2) transmits power to the fourth sun gear (41) through the first clutch (53), the second planetary carrier (24) and the second sun gear (21) work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear (23) through the second planetary gear (22), the second outer ring gear (23) transmits power to the fourth clutch (56) and the fourth outer ring gear (43) in sequence, the fourth outer ring gear (43) and the fourth sun gear (41) work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear (42) and the fourth planetary carrier (44), and the fourth planetary carrier (44) outputs power to the outside; The power transmission path of the tenth gear is as follows: the first brake (51) is engaged, the second sun gear (21) is fixed, the input shaft (1) transmits power to the second planetary carrier (24), the second planetary carrier (24) and the second sun gear (21) work together to transmit power to the second outer ring gear (23) through the second planetary gear (22), the third clutch (55) is engaged, the second outer ring gear (23) and the fourth sun gear (41) have the same speed, the fourth clutch (56) is engaged, the second outer ring gear (23) and the fourth outer ring gear (43) have the same speed, so that the fourth planetary gear system as a whole transmits power at a constant speed, the second outer ring gear (23) transmits power to the fourth outer ring gear (43) and the fourth sun gear (41) at the same time, the fourth outer ring gear (43) and the fourth sun gear (41) work together to transmit power to the fourth planetary gear (42) and the fourth planetary carrier (44), and the fourth planetary carrier (44) outputs power to the outside.

4. A planetary gear type multi-speed automatic transmission according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The power transmission path of the reverse gear is as follows: the first brake (51) is engaged, the first sun gear (11) and the second sun gear (21) are fixed, the second brake (52) is engaged, the first outer ring gear (13) is fixed, the first sun gear (11) and the first outer ring gear (13) are fixed so that the first planetary gear (12) and the first planetary carrier (14) are fixed, the fourth outer ring gear (43) is connected to the first planetary carrier (14), the fourth outer ring gear (43) is fixed, the input shaft (1) transmits power to the second planetary carrier (24), the second sun gear (21) and the second planetary carrier (24) work together to transmit power through the second planetary gear (22). The power is transmitted to the second outer ring gear (23), the second outer ring gear (23) transmits the power to the third sun gear (31), the third sun gear (31) transmits the power to the third outer ring gear (33) and the third planetary carrier (34) through the third planetary gear (32), the third outer ring gear (33) transmits the power to the fourth sun gear (41), the third planetary carrier (34) transmits the power to the second clutch (54), the fourth outer ring gear (43), the second clutch (54) and the fourth sun gear (41) work together to transmit the power to the fourth planetary gear (42) and the fourth planetary carrier (44), and the fourth planetary carrier (44) outputs the power to the outside.

Images