A one-way graded yielding metal damper and a combined vibration-isolating bearing

Abstract

The present invention relates to a one-way graded yield metal damper and a seismic isolation combined support, wherein a plurality of metal damping elements are arranged at intervals between an upper seat plate and a lower seat plate, the lower ends of the metal damping elements are fixed to the lower seat plate, the upper seat plate is provided with a plurality of constraint grooves corresponding to the metal damping elements one by one, the upper ends of the metal damping elements are placed in the corresponding constraint grooves and there is a gap between the two; the metal damping elements include metal damping plates, a single metal damping plate constrains the out-of-plane rotation angle through the constraint groove, and two or more metal damping plates are connected at their tops through a connecting plate to form a rigid frame system to constrain the out-of-plane rotation angle; the gaps between the plurality of metal damping elements and the corresponding constraint grooves are exactly the same, completely different or not exactly the same, so that the plurality of metal damping elements enter yield energy consumption in stages, which can simultaneously meet the energy consumption requirements and deformation requirements of multi-level seismic fortification targets, enhance the shock absorption capacity of the structure, and significantly reduce the structural damage under the action of an earthquake.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration reduction and isolation in civil engineering, especially bridge engineering, and in particular to a unidirectional graded yielding metal damper and a vibration reduction and isolation combined support. Background Art

[0002] Metal dampers are developed based on the principle that metal has good hysteresis characteristics after entering the plastic state and absorbs a large amount of energy during the plastic hysteresis deformation process. They have the advantages of free shape design, easy processing, and low maintenance cost. They have been widely used in the field of seismic isolation technology in civil engineering.

[0003] Existing metal dampers are designed for a single energy dissipation function. When the design stiffness is relatively large, it can meet the energy dissipation requirements of large earthquakes, but it cannot dissipate energy during small or moderate earthquakes because the damper is in an elastic state. When the design stiffness is relatively small, it can meet the seismic resistance requirements of small or moderate earthquakes, but during large earthquakes, the damper displacement is too large and exceeds the requirements, or it is directly damaged and loses its function.

[0004] Therefore, the existing metal dampers cannot simultaneously meet the energy consumption requirements and deformation requirements of multi-level seismic fortification targets. Setting dampers with different parameters will increase construction and maintenance costs. A new type of metal damper is urgently needed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of existing metal dampers, the present invention provides a one-way graded yielding metal damper and a seismic isolation combined bearing. By improving the structural performance of the metal damper, it can solve the problem that the existing metal damper cannot simultaneously meet the performance requirements of internal force and deformation under different earthquake fortification targets, and that setting dampers with different parameters will increase construction and maintenance costs. It can meet the seismic requirements of civil engineering, especially the multi-level seismic fortification targets of bridge structures.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is a one-way graded yield metal damper, comprising an upper seat plate and a lower seat plate, wherein a plurality of metal damping elements are arranged at intervals between the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate, and the lower ends of the metal damping elements are fixedly connected to the lower seat plate; a plurality of constraint slide grooves corresponding to the metal damping elements are provided on the bottom surface of the upper seat plate, and the upper ends of the metal damping elements are placed in the constraint slide grooves; the metal damping elements include a metal damping plate, a single piece of the metal damping plate constrains the out-of-plane angle through the constraint slide groove, and two or more metal damping plates are connected at their tops through a connecting plate to form a rigid frame system constraining the out-of-plane angle; the two groove walls on the constraint slide groove parallel to the metal damping plate are limit baffles, and there is a gap between the metal damping element and the limit baffle, and the gaps between the plurality of metal damping elements and the corresponding constraint slide grooves are completely identical, completely different or not completely identical.

[0007] Furthermore, there are equal or unequal gaps between the top surface of the metal damping element and the bottom of the corresponding constraint sliding groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the metal damping plates of the plurality of metal damping elements are arranged in parallel between the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the metal damping plate steel is a uniform cross-section steel plate or a waisted steel plate, and the waisted steel plate is an X-shaped steel plate, a K-shaped steel plate or an O-shaped steel plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the net distance between two adjacent metal damping plates in the metal damping element is more than twice the thickness of the metal damping plate.

[0011] Furthermore, friction pairs are provided between the top surface of the metal damping element and the corresponding bottom of the constraint slot, and between the upper end of the metal damping element and the slot wall of the constraint slot perpendicular to the metal damping plate.

[0012] The present invention also provides a seismic isolation composite bearing, comprising an upper bearing plate and a lower bearing plate, and also comprising the above-mentioned one-way graded yield metal damper, wherein the upper bearing plate is connected to the upper bearing plate, and the lower bearing plate is connected to the lower bearing plate.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) The present invention improves the existing metal damper with a single response capability to achieve the purpose of multi-level stiffness coordinated earthquake resistance. It can not only effectively avoid or reduce post-earthquake repair work, but also significantly reduce structural damage under earthquake action, and effectively suppress earthquake response.

[0015] (2) The present invention adopts a multi-level stiffness and multi-level gap design to enable a plurality of metal damping elements to yield in stages, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of the structure;

[0016] (3) The present invention can simultaneously address earthquake fortification targets at different levels, is easy to construct, and has significant technical and economic benefits;

[0017] (4) The present invention has multi-stage energy dissipation and shock absorption in the direction perpendicular to the damping plate, and can move freely in the direction parallel to the metal damping plate, and can simultaneously adapt to unidirectional shock absorption of different levels of seismic fortification targets;

[0018] (5) The application conditions of the one-way graded yielding metal damper of the present invention are flexible. It can be arranged alone between the upper structure and the lower structure, or it can be combined with the support to form a new type of seismic isolation combined support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a one-way graded yielding metal damper provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle AA section;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a one-way graded yielding metal damper provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the middle BB section;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the middle CC section;

[0025] Figure 6 A force-displacement curve diagram of a one-way graded yield metal damper provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 A force-displacement hysteresis curve diagram of a one-way graded yield metal damper provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8Schematic diagram of the structure of the waisted steel plate provided by the embodiment of the present invention, wherein: (a) is an X-shaped steel plate, (b) is a K-shaped steel plate, and (c) is an O-shaped steel plate;

[0028] In the figure: 1. Upper seat plate; 11. Gap one; 12. Gap two; 13. Gap three; 14. Limit baffle; 2. Lower seat plate; 3. Metal damping element one; 31. Connecting plate one; 32. Metal damping plate one; 4. Metal damping element two; 41. Connecting plate two; 42. Metal damping plate two; 5. Metal damping element three; 51. Connecting plate three; 52. Metal damping plate three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features being referred to. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features; and in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "several" means two or more.

[0032] The present invention provides a one-way graded yield metal damper, comprising an upper seat plate 1 and a lower seat plate 2, wherein a plurality of metal damping elements are arranged at intervals between the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 2; a plurality of metal damping elements are arranged at intervals between the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 2, and the lower ends of the metal damping elements are fixedly connected to the lower seat plate 2; a plurality of constraint slide grooves corresponding to the metal damping elements are provided on the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 1, and the upper ends of the metal damping elements are placed in the constraint slide grooves; the metal damping elements include metal damping plates, a single piece of the metal damping plate constrains the out-of-plane rotation angle through the constraint slide groove, and two or more metal damping plates are connected at their tops through a connecting plate to form a rigid frame system to constrain the out-of-plane rotation angle; the two groove walls on the constraint slide groove parallel to the metal damping plate are limit baffles 14, and there is a gap between the metal damping element and the limit baffle 14, and the gaps between the plurality of metal damping elements and the corresponding limit baffles 14 are completely identical, completely different, or not completely identical.

[0033] The upper end of the metal damping element of this embodiment can slide relative to the upper seat plate 1 in the corresponding constraint slot in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the metal damping plate within the range of the gap displacement, meeting the structural deformation requirements under temperature under normal operation. When the relative sliding displacement exceeds the gap range under the action of an earthquake, the metal damping element enters the elastic deformation stage under the action of the horizontal force. When the horizontal force and the horizontal displacement reach the secondary design value, the metal damping element enters the yield stage and begins to plastically deform and consume energy. The gaps between the several metal damping elements and the corresponding limit baffle 14 can be completely the same, completely different, or not completely the same. When the gaps between the several metal damping elements and the corresponding limit baffle 14 are completely equal, it is a single-stage yield damper. When the gaps between the several metal damping elements and the corresponding limit baffle 14 are completely different or not completely the same, it is a double-stage yield damper or a multi-stage yield damper. Generally, the metal damping element with the larger gap is arranged in the middle. This embodiment designs multi-level stiffness and multi-level gaps, so that several metal damping elements enter yield energy dissipation in stages, which can simultaneously meet the energy consumption requirements and deformation requirements of multi-level seismic fortification targets, enhance the shock absorption capacity of the structure, effectively avoid or reduce post-earthquake repair work, and significantly reduce structural damage under earthquake action, while effectively suppressing seismic response.

[0034] The metal damping element of this embodiment has two forms, one is the form of a single metal damping plate, and the other is the form of two or more metal damping plates and connecting the tops of all the metal damping plates through a connecting plate. When the metal damping element is in the form of a single metal damping plate, the gap between the single metal damping plate and the limit baffle 14 is small and the single metal damping plate needs to be inserted into the upper seat plate 1 to a certain depth so as to be able to constrain the out-of-plane angle of the upper end of the single metal damping plate; when the metal damping element is in the form of two or more metal damping plates, the tops of all the metal damping plates are connected by a connecting plate to form a rigid frame system to constrain the out-of-plane angle. This embodiment increases or decreases the overall stiffness of the damper by changing the constraint conditions of the metal damping element. The specific number of metal damping plates can be determined according to the specific energy consumption requirements, and the material of the connecting plate can be metal.

[0035] The metal damping elements in this embodiment have flexible structural forms and can adopt either of the two aforementioned forms. Specifically, the structural forms of the metal damping elements between the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 2 can be identical, such as all adopting one of the two aforementioned structural forms, or some can adopt the first structural form and some the second structural form. When the damper includes both types of metal damping elements, the metal damping elements of the first structural form are generally arranged at the ends, and the metal damping elements of the second structural form are arranged in the middle.

[0036] The application conditions of the one-way graded yield metal damper of this embodiment are flexible. It can be arranged separately between the upper structure and the lower structure and the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 2 arranged between the upper structure and the lower structure are connected to the upper structure and the lower structure respectively. It can also be combined with the existing support to form a new type of seismic isolation combined support, that is, adding a one-way graded yield metal damper to the structure of the existing support, and connecting the upper support plate and the lower support plate of the existing support to the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 2 respectively.

[0037] The present invention has a clear principle, a simple structure, is easy to construct and maintain, and has wide applicability. It can simultaneously meet the energy consumption requirements and deformation requirements of multi-level seismic fortification targets, enhance the shock absorption capacity of the structure, effectively avoid or reduce post-earthquake repair work, and significantly reduce structural damage under earthquake action, with significant economic and social benefits.

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, a one-way graded yield metal damper includes an upper base plate 1, a lower base plate 2, a metal damping element 1 3, a metal damping element 2 4 and a metal damping element 3 5, wherein the metal damping element 1 3, the metal damping element 2 4 and the metal damping element 3 5 are arranged at intervals along the graded yield movement direction, and three constraint grooves are provided on the bottom surface of the upper base plate 1. A pair of oppositely arranged groove walls on each constraint groove, which are perpendicular to the graded yield movement direction, are limit baffles 14.

[0041] When used in a bridge structure, the upper seat plate 1 is installed on the embedded plate at the bottom of the beam body, and the lower seat plate 2 is installed on the embedded plate at the top of the pier body.

[0042] The metal damping element 3 includes a connecting plate 31 and a metal damping plate 32, and there are at least two metal damping plates 32. The connecting plate 31 and the top of the metal damping plate 32 are fixedly connected to form a rigid frame system to constrain the out-of-plane angle of the top of the metal damping plate 32; the bottom of the metal damping plate 32 is fixed to the top of the lower seat plate 2; the connecting plate 31 is located in the corresponding constraint groove on the upper seat plate 1, and a certain gap is retained between the top surface of the connecting plate 31 and the upper seat plate 1 to prevent the structure from bearing the upper deadweight. At the same time, there is a gap 11 between the two sides of the connecting plate 31 and the limit baffle 14. The metal damping element 24 includes a connecting plate 241 and a metal damping plate 242. There are at least two metal damping plates 242. The connecting plate 241 and the top of the metal damping plate 242 are fixedly connected to form a rigid frame system to constrain the out-of-plane angle of the top of the metal damping plate 242; the bottom of the metal damping plate 242 is fixed to the top of the lower seat plate 2; the connecting plate 241 is located in the corresponding constraint groove on the upper seat plate 1, and a certain gap is retained between the top surface of the connecting plate 241 and the upper seat plate 1 to prevent the structure from bearing the upper self-weight. At the same time, there is a gap 212 between the two sides of the connecting plate 241 and the limit baffle 14. The metal damping element (3) 5 comprises a connecting plate (3) 51 and a metal damping plate (3) 52. The metal damping plate (3) 52 consists of at least two pieces. The tops of the connecting plate (3) 51 and the metal damping plate (3) 52 are fixedly connected to form a rigid frame system, constraining the out-of-plane rotation of the top of the metal damping plate (3) 52. The bottom of the metal damping plate (3) 52 is fixed to the top of the lower seat plate (2). The connecting plate (3) 51 is positioned within the corresponding restraining slots on the upper seat plate (1). A certain gap is maintained between the top surface of the connecting plate (3) 51 and the upper seat plate (1) to prevent the structure from bearing the upper weight. A gap (3) 13 is also maintained between the sides of the connecting plate (3) 51 and the stopper (14). The gaps between the top surfaces of the metal damping elements (1) 3, (2) 4, and (3) 5 and the bottoms of the corresponding restraining slots on the upper seat plate (1) may be equal or unequal.

[0043] Preferably, friction pairs are provided between the top surfaces of the connecting plate 1 31 , the connecting plate 2 41 , and the connecting plate 3 51 and the bottoms of the corresponding constraint grooves; friction pairs are provided between the connecting plate 1 31 , the connecting plate 2 41 , and the connecting plate 3 51 and the groove walls of the corresponding constraint grooves on both sides along the graded yield movement direction. The friction pairs in the same constraint groove can be provided as a whole or arranged independently.

[0044] Preferably, the first gap 11, the second gap 12, and the third gap 13 can be equal in size or unequal in size, with the specific size being controlled based on the structural forces and displacements calculated based on seismic requirements. When the first gap 11, the second gap 12, and the third gap 13 are equal in size, it is a single-stage yield damper; when the first gap 11, the second gap 12, and the third gap 13 are equal in size or unequal in size, it is a dual-stage yield damper or a multi-stage yield damper.

[0045] Assuming that the gap 11 is smaller than the gap 2 12, and the gap 2 12 is smaller than the gap 3 13, the metal damping element 3 5 is arranged in the middle, and the metal damping element 1 3 and the metal damping element 2 4 are arranged on both sides. When the relative displacement of the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 2 perpendicular to the direction of the metal damping plate exceeds the gap 11, the connecting plate 1 31 of the metal damping element 3 contacts the limit baffle 14 of the upper seat plate 1, and the metal damping plate 1 32 begins to bend out of the plane under the force and has a certain rigidity. Under the action of the load, it produces a small amount of displacement but does not enter the yield stage. At this time, the metal damping plate 1 32 is still in the elastic deformation stage and can automatically recover later; if the horizontal force and horizontal displacement reach the first-level design value, the metal damping plate 1 32 enters the yield stage and begins to plastically deform and consume energy. This process corresponds to Figure 6 The first step in the middle; when the relative displacement of the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 2 perpendicular to the direction of the metal damping plate exceeds the gap 12, the connecting plate 41 of the metal damping element 4 contacts the limit baffle 14 of the upper seat plate 1, and the metal damping plate 42 begins to bend outward under the force and has a certain rigidity. Under the action of the load, a small amount of displacement is generated but it does not enter the yield stage. At this time, the metal damping plate 42 is still in the elastic deformation stage and can automatically recover afterwards; if the horizontal force and horizontal displacement reach the secondary design value, the metal damping plate 42 enters the yield stage and also begins to plastically deform and consume energy. This process corresponds to Figure 6The second step in the middle; when the relative displacement of the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 2 perpendicular to the direction of the metal damping plate exceeds the gap three 13, the connecting plate three 51 of the metal damping element three 5 contacts the limit baffle 14 of the upper seat plate 1, and the metal damping plate three 52 begins to bend out of the plane under the force and has a certain rigidity. Under the action of the load, a small amount of displacement is generated but it does not enter the yield stage. At this time, the metal damping plate three 52 is still in the elastic deformation stage and can automatically recover afterwards; if the horizontal force and horizontal displacement reach the third-level design value, the metal damping plate three 52 enters the yield stage and also begins to plastically deform and consume energy. This process corresponds to Figure 6 The third step in the middle.

[0046] Preferably, the metal damping plate 1 32, the metal damping plate 2 42, and the metal damping plate 3 52 are arranged in parallel. Further optimized, the net spacing between two adjacent metal damping plates 1 32 is more than twice the thickness of the metal damping plate 1 32, the net spacing between two adjacent metal damping plates 2 42 is more than twice the thickness of the metal damping plate 2 42, and the net spacing between two adjacent metal damping plates 3 52 is more than twice the thickness of the metal damping plate 3 52.

[0047] Preferably, the metal damping plate 1 32, the metal damping plate 2 42 and the metal damping plate 3 52 can be made of uniform cross-section steel plates. In order to maximize the plastic deformation energy consumption of the metal damping plates, the metal damping plate 1 32, the metal damping plate 2 42 and the metal damping plate 3 52 can be made of waisted steel plates, such as Figure 8 The thickness, size and other parameters of the metal damping plate 1 32 , the metal damping plate 2 42 and the metal damping plate 3 52 may be the same or different.

[0048] The one-way graded yield metal damper of this embodiment can also be combined with the existing support to form a new type of seismic isolation composite support, which includes an upper support plate, a lower support plate and the above-mentioned one-way graded yield metal damper. The upper support plate 1 can be connected to the upper support plate, and the lower support plate 2 can be connected to the lower support plate.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] like Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, a one-way graded yield metal damper includes an upper seat plate 1, a lower seat plate 2, a metal damping element 1 3 and a metal damping element 2 4.

[0051] When used in a bridge structure, the upper seat plate 1 is installed on the embedded plate at the bottom of the beam body, and the lower seat plate 2 is installed on the embedded plate at the top of the pier body.

[0052] The metal damping element 3 includes a metal damping plate 32, which has two pieces and is arranged symmetrically on the left and right. The bottom of the metal damping plate 32 is fixed to the top of the lower seat plate 2; a constraint groove corresponding to the metal damping plate 32 is provided on the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 1, and a pair of oppositely arranged groove walls perpendicular to the direction of graded yield movement on each constraint groove are respectively a limit baffle 14; the top of the metal damping plate 32 is located in the corresponding constraint groove on the upper seat plate 1, and the out-of-plane angle of the upper end of the metal damping plate 32 is constrained by the constraint groove; a certain gap is retained between the top surface of the metal damping plate 32 and the upper seat plate 1 to prevent the structure from bearing the upper deadweight, and at the same time, there is a gap 11 between the two sides of the metal damping plate 32 and the limit baffle 14. The second metal damping element 4 comprises a second connecting plate 41 and a second metal damping plate 42. The tops of the second connecting plate 41 and the second metal damping plate 42 are fixedly connected to form a rigid frame system, constraining the out-of-plane rotation angle of the top of the second metal damping plate 42. The bottom of the second metal damping plate 42 is fixed to the top of the lower seat plate 2. A constraining chute is provided on the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 1. A pair of opposing groove walls along the direction of graded yielding motion of the constraint chute serve as stoppers 14. The second connecting plate 41 is positioned within the constraint chute on the upper seat plate 1. A certain gap is maintained between the top surface of the second connecting plate 41 and the upper seat plate 1 to prevent the structure from bearing the upper deadweight. A gap 12 is also maintained between the sides of the second connecting plate 41 and the stoppers 14. The gaps between the top surfaces of the first metal damping element 3 and the second metal damping element 4 and the bottoms of the corresponding constraint chute in the upper seat plate 1 may be equal or unequal.

[0053] Preferably, a friction pair is provided between the top surface of the metal damping plate 1 32 and the groove walls of the corresponding constraint grooves on both sides of the graded yielding movement, and a friction pair is provided between the top surface of the connecting plate 2 41 and the groove walls of the constraint grooves on both sides of the graded yielding movement.

[0054] Preferably, in order to constrain the out-of-plane rotation angle of the upper end of the metal damping plate 32, the gap 11 can be set to a smaller value to satisfy the relative sliding between the metal damping plate 32 and the upper seat plate 1 perpendicular to the metal damping plate 32.

[0055] Preferably, the first gap 11 and the second gap 12 can be equal in size or unequal in size, with the specific size being controlled based on the structural forces and displacements calculated based on seismic requirements. When the first gap 11 and the second gap 12 are equal in size, a single-stage yield damper is used; when the first gap 11 and the second gap 12 are unequal in size, a double-stage yield damper is used.

[0056] Assume that the gap 11 only satisfies the relative sliding between the metal damping plate 1 and the upper seat plate 1 perpendicular to the metal damping plate 1, and the gap 2 12 is larger than the gap 11. When the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 2 produce relative displacement perpendicular to the direction of the metal damping plate, the metal damping plate 1 32 begins to bend out of the plane under the force and has a certain rigidity. Under the action of the load, it produces a small amount of displacement but does not enter the yield stage. At this time, the metal damping plate 1 32 is still in the elastic deformation stage and can automatically recover later. If the horizontal force and horizontal displacement reach the first-level design value, the metal damping plate 1 32 enters the yield stage and begins to plastically deform and consume energy. This process corresponds to Figure 6 The first step in the middle; when the relative displacement between the upper seat plate 1 and the lower seat plate 2 perpendicular to the direction of the metal damping plate exceeds the gap 12, the connecting plate 41 of the metal damping element 4 contacts the limit baffle 14 of the upper seat plate 1, and the metal damping plate 42 begins to bend outward under the force and has a certain rigidity. Under the action of the load, a small amount of displacement is generated but it does not enter the yield stage. At this time, the metal damping plate 42 is still in the elastic deformation stage and can automatically recover afterwards; if the horizontal force and horizontal displacement reach the secondary design value, the metal damping plate 42 enters the yield stage and also begins to plastically deform and consume energy. This process corresponds to Figure 6 The second step in the middle.

[0057] Preferably, the metal damping plate 1 32 is arranged in parallel with the metal damping plate 2 42. Further optimized, the net spacing between two adjacent metal damping plates 1 32 is more than twice the thickness of the metal damping plate 1 32, and the net spacing between two adjacent metal damping plates 2 42 is more than twice the thickness of the metal damping plate 2 42.

[0058] Preferably, the metal damping plate 1 32 and the metal damping plate 2 42 can be made of uniform cross-section steel plates. In order to maximize the plastic deformation energy consumption of the metal damping plate, the metal damping plate 1 32 and the metal damping plate 2 42 can be made of waisted steel plates, such as Figure 8 The X-shaped steel plate, K-shaped steel plate or O-shaped steel plate shown in the figure can be used. The thickness, size and other parameters of the metal damping plate 1 32 and the metal damping plate 2 42 can be the same or different.

[0059] The one-way graded yield metal damper of this embodiment can also be combined with the existing support to form a new type of seismic isolation composite support, which includes an upper support plate, a lower support plate and the above-mentioned one-way graded yield metal damper. The upper support plate 1 can be connected to the upper support plate, and the lower support plate 2 can be connected to the lower support plate.

[0060] Combining the above two embodiments and Figure 7It can be seen from the graded energy dissipation effect shown in the damper force-displacement hysteresis curve diagram that the one-way graded yielding metal damper of the present invention, by arranging two or more metal damping elements with different constraint conditions inside the damper, dissipates energy by allowing the multi-stage metal damping elements to enter yield in stages, which can meet the purpose of multi-stage energy dissipation and shock absorption, and can be widely used in various types of earthquake-resistant building structures.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-way graded yield metal damper, characterized by: The cam is secured to a position 56° to the bottom of the support frame, and the cam is secured to a position 56° to the bottom of the support frame, and the cam is secured to a position 56° to the bottom of the support frame.

2. The one-way graded yield metal damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are equal or unequal gaps between the top surface of the metal damping element and the bottom of the corresponding constraint sliding groove.

3. The one-way graded yield metal damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal damping plates of the plurality of metal damping elements are arranged in parallel between the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate.

4. The one-way graded yield metal damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal damping plate is made of a uniform cross-section steel plate or a waisted steel plate, and the waisted steel plate is an X-shaped steel plate, a K-shaped steel plate or an O-shaped steel plate.

5. The one-way graded yield metal damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The net distance between two adjacent metal damping plates in the metal damping element is more than twice the thickness of the metal damping plates.

6. The one-way graded yield metal damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: Friction pairs are provided between the top surface of the metal damping element and the corresponding bottom of the constraint chute, and between the upper end of the metal damping element and the chute wall of the constraint chute perpendicular to the metal damping plate.

7. A seismic isolation composite bearing, comprising an upper bearing plate and a lower bearing plate, characterized in that: It also includes the one-way graded yield metal damper according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the upper seat plate is connected to the upper support plate, and the lower seat plate is connected to the lower support plate.

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