Method, device, equipment and readable medium for improving seismic data resolution

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method, apparatus, device, and readable medium for improving the resolution of seismic data. The method comprises: intercepting to-be-processed seismic data from seismic data according to a preset time window; converting the to-be-processed seismic data into a time-frequency domain; determining at least one deconvolution factor of the to-be-processed seismic data in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment; and determining the resolution of the to-be-processed seismic data according to at least one deconvolution factor. The technical solution of an embodiment of the present invention, by setting a time window and a time window increment, converting the seismic data into the time-frequency domain using a short-time Fourier transform, and obtaining and applying the deconvolution factor in the time-frequency domain, achieves resolution-enhancing processing of the seismic data, making the resolution-enhancing processing more reasonable and closer to the actual situation, thereby effectively improving the resolution of the seismic data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and readable medium for improving the resolution of seismic data. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of oil and gas exploration and development, the objectives of oil and gas exploration have become more and more complex, which has put forward higher requirements on the level of exploration technology. Among them, how to improve the resolution of seismic data has become a core issue in oil and gas exploration.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used method to improve the resolution in seismic data processing is wavelet deconvolution. By assuming that the seismic phase wave is at the minimum phase, the deconvolution factor is obtained and applied to improve the resolution of seismic data.

[0004] However, setting the seismic phase wave to the minimum phase is not satisfactory in actual situations, and the results will be limited by various factors, which will affect the calculation results of the deconvolution factor and cannot effectively improve the resolution of seismic data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method, device, equipment and readable medium for improving the resolution of seismic data, so as to effectively improve the resolution of seismic data.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for improving the resolution of seismic data is provided, comprising: intercepting seismic data to be processed from seismic data according to a preset time window; converting the seismic data to be processed into a time-frequency domain; determining at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment; and determining the resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to the at least one deconvolution factor.

[0007] Optionally, determining at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed according to the time window and a preset time window increment includes:

[0008] S1: Determine the start and end points of an initial sub-time window in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and use the initial sub-time window as a target sub-time window;

[0009] S2: Determine the deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window;

[0010] S3: Determine whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window. If not, execute S4. If so, end the current process.

[0011] S4: sequentially record the target sub-window and the deconvolution factor of the target sub-window, extend the end point of the target sub-window in the time-frequency domain according to the window increment, obtain the target sub-window of the next order, and execute S2.

[0012] Optionally, determining the deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window includes: determining a preset expected amplitude spectrum, where the expected amplitude spectrum is the expected amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed after the resolution is improved; and determining the deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window based on the average amplitude spectrum of the target sub-time window and the expected amplitude spectrum.

[0013] Optionally, the expected amplitude spectrum is set in the following manner: determining an initial expected amplitude spectrum based on the average amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed, wherein the frequency range of the initial expected amplitude spectrum is greater than the average amplitude spectrum; determining a constrained low cutoff frequency and a constrained high cutoff frequency of the initial expected amplitude spectrum; and setting the expected amplitude spectrum based on the constrained low cutoff frequency and the constrained high cutoff frequency.

[0014] Optionally, the resolution of the seismic data to be processed is determined based on at least one of the deconvolution factors, including: executing, in sequence, for each of the target sub-time windows: widening the frequency band of the seismic data to be processed within the current target sub-time window by the deconvolution factor of the current target sub-time window; converting the seismic data to be processed to the original time domain by inverse short-time Fourier transform, thereby improving the resolution of the seismic data to be processed and obtaining seismic data with improved resolution.

[0015] Optionally, seismic data to be processed is intercepted from seismic data according to a preset time window, including: determining a time interval of the original seismic data in the time domain; determining a valid time interval in the original seismic data, wherein the size of the valid time interval is not greater than the size of the time window; and intercepting the seismic data to be processed within the valid time interval.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a device for improving the resolution of seismic data is provided, comprising: a seismic data acquisition unit for intercepting seismic data to be processed from seismic data according to a preset time window; a seismic data conversion unit for converting the seismic data to be processed into a time-frequency domain; a deconvolution factor determination unit for determining at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment; and a resolution processing unit for determining the resolution of the seismic data to be processed based on at least one deconvolution factor.

[0017] Optionally, the deconvolution factor determination unit is configured to perform:

[0018] S1: Determine the start and end points of an initial sub-time window in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and use the initial sub-time window as a target sub-time window;

[0019] S2: Determine the deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window;

[0020] S3: Determine whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window. If not, execute S4. If so, end the current process.

[0021] S4: sequentially record the target sub-window and the deconvolution factor of the target sub-window, extend the end point of the target sub-window in the time-frequency domain according to the window increment, obtain the target sub-window of the next order, and execute S2.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, comprising:

[0023] at least one processor; and

[0024] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0025] The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor. The computer program is executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method for improving seismic data resolution according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the method for improving seismic data resolution according to any embodiment of the present invention when executed.

[0027] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting a time window and a time window increment, uses short-time Fourier transform to convert seismic data into the time-frequency domain, obtains and applies deconvolution factors in the time-frequency domain, and realizes resolution-enhancing processing of seismic data, making the resolution-enhancing processing more reasonable and closer to the actual situation, thereby effectively improving the resolution of seismic data.

[0028] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for improving seismic data resolution provided according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for determining a deconvolution factor provided by the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a method for determining a deconvolution factor provided by the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a method for setting an expected amplitude spectrum provided by the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A flowchart of a method for determining the resolution of seismic data to be processed provided in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a device for improving seismic data resolution provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of an electronic device for implementing the method for improving the resolution of seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for improving seismic data resolution provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to improving seismic exploration resolution in oil and gas exploration. The method can be executed by a seismic data resolution improving device, which can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0041] S110 , intercepting the seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window.

[0042] Due to the absorption and attenuation effects of the earth, the frequency characteristics of seismic wavelets continuously change from the time they are generated and propagated downward to the time they are received by the detectors. The overall trend is that as the propagation time increases, the spectral bandwidth of the seismic data narrows, manifesting as a decrease in resolution on the seismic profile. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the resolution of seismic data. Seismic data is typically acquired in the form of seismic traces, such as traces spanning 0-5000 ms. A time window is a time range. Since seismic data is typically displayed using time as the vertical scale (seismic waves reflected from underground rock formations are scaled by time and multiplied by velocity to convert to underground depth), a time window can be used to represent the vertical extent of the target layer. This range should be within the time range of the seismic trace, such as 1000-2000 ms. Based on a preset time window, seismic data to be processed within a certain time period is captured from the seismic trace to improve its resolution. The captured seismic data to be processed can be within the valid range of the seismic data or a custom target range.

[0043] S120: Convert the seismic data to be processed into the time-frequency domain.

[0044] S130. Determine at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment.

[0045] S140. Determine the resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one of the deconvolution factors.

[0046] In a feasible embodiment, short-time Fourier transform is used to project seismic data into the time-frequency domain, and deconvolution factors are obtained and applied in the time-frequency domain to achieve high-resolution processing of seismic data, making structural information such as faults clearer and the superposition relationship of layers clearer and more accurate.

[0047] Among them, the short-time Fourier inverse transform formula is:

[0048] The short-time Fourier transform transforms the signal f(t) into a two-dimensional function in the time-frequency space (τ, ω). The parameter ω has similar properties to the ω of the Fourier transform. It represents the local frequency of the signal. Its value is related to f(t) and g(t), indicating the location of g(t). g(t) is a window function with a finite time length.

[0049] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting a time window and a time window increment, uses short-time Fourier transform to convert seismic data into the time-frequency domain, obtains and applies deconvolution factors in the time-frequency domain, and realizes resolution-enhancing processing of seismic data, making the resolution-enhancing processing more reasonable and closer to the actual situation, thereby effectively improving the resolution of seismic data.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for determining a deconvolution factor provided by the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is optimized based on the above embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0052] S210: Determine a start point and an end point of an initial sub-window in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and use the initial sub-window as a target sub-window.

[0053] After extracting the seismic data to be processed from the seismic traces according to the time window, the data needs to be further divided into multiple sub-windows for processing. The time window increment represents the change in the sub-window. The minimum time window increment is 1ms and the maximum is usually no more than one-quarter of the time window. The target sub-window represents the sub-window to be processed.

[0054] For example, if the initial seismic trace is 0-5000ms, and the seismic data between 1000-2000ms is valid, then the time window is set to 1000-2000ms, and the time window increment is set to 2ms. The starting point of the initial sub-time window is 1000ms, and the end point is 1002ms based on the time window increment of 2ms.

[0055] S220: Determine a deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window.

[0056] Wherein, a deconvolution factor is obtained for each sub-time window, and resolution improvement processing can be performed on the seismic data in the time period of the sub-time window according to the deconvolution factor corresponding to the sub-time window.

[0057] S230: Determine whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window. If not, execute S240; if so, execute S250.

[0058] S240 , sequentially record the target sub-window and the deconvolution factor of the target sub-window, extend the end point of the target sub-window in the time-frequency domain according to the window increment, obtain the target sub-window of the next order, and execute S220 .

[0059] S250: End the current process.

[0060] Among them, after processing a sub-time window, it is necessary to extend the sub-time window by the time window increment to obtain the sub-time window of the next order. The starting point of the sub-time window of the next order remains unchanged and is still the starting point of the time window, and the end point is the end point of the sub-time window of the previous order plus the time window increment. For example, if the initial sub-time window range is 1000-1002ms, the range of the sub-time window of the next order is 1000-1004ms, and the range of the sub-time window of the next order is 1000-1006ms, and so on, until the range of the sub-time window is the same as the range of the time window. Each time the range of the sub-time window of the next order is determined, the deconvolution factor of the sub-time window is obtained to improve the resolution of the seismic data of each sub-time window.

[0061] The embodiment of the present invention introduces the concepts of time windows and time window increments in the process of improving the resolution of seismic data, converts the process of extracting deconvolution factors in the time-frequency domain into an iterative process, makes the entire processing process more reasonable and more in line with actual conditions, and can effectively improve the resolution of seismic data.

[0062] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a method for determining a deconvolution factor provided in the second embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the method includes:

[0063] S310: Determine a preset expected amplitude spectrum, where the expected amplitude spectrum is an amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed after the resolution is increased.

[0064] The expected amplitude spectrum is the amplitude spectrum of the expected seismic data after the resolution is improved. The expected amplitude spectrum is set according to the current amplitude spectrum of the seismic data. The expected amplitude spectrum is a necessary parameter for obtaining the deconvolution factor.

[0065] S320: Determine a deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window according to the average amplitude spectrum of the target sub-time window and the expected amplitude spectrum.

[0066] Because the average amplitude spectrum differs from the expected amplitude spectrum, the deconvolution factor is calculated using the first, second, or mixed norms based on the difference in signal-to-noise ratio between the two frequency bands. By expanding the frequency band using the deconvolution factor, high- and low-frequency noise can be effectively suppressed, improving the resolution of the seismic data and generating high-resolution seismic data.

[0067] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a method for setting an expected amplitude spectrum provided in a second embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps:

[0068] S410 . Determine an initial expected amplitude spectrum according to an average amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed, wherein a frequency range of the initial expected amplitude spectrum is greater than that of the average amplitude spectrum.

[0069] The average amplitude spectrum is the original resolution of the seismic data to be processed before the resolution is improved. The frequency of seismic data is usually 0-60 Hz. If the resolution needs to be improved, the initial expected amplitude spectrum needs to be set larger than this frequency range, such as 0-80 Hz. This frequency range is the frequency range after the resolution is improved.

[0070] S420: Determine a constrained low cutoff frequency and a constrained high cutoff frequency of the initial desired amplitude spectrum.

[0071] S430: Setting the expected amplitude spectrum according to the constrained low cutoff frequency and the constrained high cutoff frequency.

[0072] After setting the initial expected amplitude spectrum, when determining the expected amplitude spectrum, since data in the lower or higher frequency ranges of the seismic data is usually unreliable, this part can be removed by setting the low cutoff frequency and the high cutoff frequency. For example, data with a frequency below 5Hz is usually unreliable, and data between 70-80Hz is usually unreliable. 0-5Hz can be set as the constrained low cutoff rate, and 70-80Hz can be set as the constrained high cutoff rate. After the setting is completed, the expected amplitude spectrum obtained is 5-70Hz, which not only improves the resolution compared to the original seismic data, but also filters out the invalid data range, reducing the calculation pressure.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] Figure 5 A flowchart of a method for determining the resolution of seismic data to be processed provided in a third embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:

[0075] S510 , widening the frequency band of the to-be-processed seismic data within the current target sub-time window by using the deconvolution factor of the current target sub-time window.

[0076] S520: Convert the seismic data to be processed into the original time domain by inverse short-time Fourier transform, improve the resolution of the seismic data to be processed, and obtain seismic data with improved resolution.

[0077] After extracting the seismic data to be processed from the seismic trace according to a time window, the data is projected into the time-frequency domain via the short-time Fourier transform (SFT). Within the constraints of the desired amplitude spectrum in the time-frequency domain, a deconvolution factor is calculated and applied to widen the frequency band of the seismic data. The data is then converted back to the original time domain via the inverse SFT, thereby improving the resolution of the seismic data. The SFT is a commonly used signal processing tool and plays an important role in time-frequency analysis. The SFT applies a short-time window function that moves along the time axis to the signal. This short-time windowed signal captures non-stationary signals near various instants. The signal within the short-time window can then be treated as a stationary signal. The resulting signal is then Fourier-transformed to obtain the frequency spectrum near each instant, known as the time spectrum. The signal processed by the SFT exhibits localized characteristics in both the time and frequency domains, allowing analysis of the signal's time-frequency characteristics. After broadening the seismic data band in the time-frequency domain using a deconvolution factor, the data is then converted back to the original time domain using an inverse short-time Fourier transform. Compared to the commonly used frequency domain projection, the short-time Fourier transform (time-frequency domain) projection is more suitable for processing actual non-stationary seismic data.

[0078] Among them, the inverse short-time Fourier transform formula is:

[0079] Generally, g(t) is a real signal located at the low frequency where the Fourier transform's energy is concentrated. Therefore, it can be viewed as the impulse response of a low-pass filter. As τ changes, the "time window" defined by g(τ-t) shifts along the t-axis, causing f(t) to "gradually" enter the state being analyzed.

[0080] In a fourth embodiment of the present invention, seismic data to be processed is intercepted from seismic data according to a preset time window, including: determining a time interval of the original seismic data in the time domain; determining a valid time interval in the original seismic data, wherein the size of the valid time interval is not greater than the size of the time window; and intercepting the seismic data to be processed within the valid time interval.

[0081] Because a seismic trace can span a wide range, from 0 to 5000ms, and contain much less meaningful seismic data, increasing the resolution of the entire trace increases processing time and computational burden. Therefore, by identifying the valid time interval within the raw seismic data containing meaningful seismic data, this interval is limited by a preset time window size. By intercepting this portion of seismic data as the seismic data to be processed, the resolution-enhanced processing can be more targeted, improving processing efficiency and reducing computational burden.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for improving the resolution of seismic data provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the device includes:

[0084] The seismic data acquisition unit 610 is configured to extract seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window.

[0085] The seismic data conversion unit 620 is used to convert the seismic data to be processed into the time-frequency domain.

[0086] The deconvolution factor determination unit 630 is configured to determine at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment.

[0087] The resolution processing unit 640 is configured to determine the resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one of the deconvolution factors.

[0088] Optionally, the deconvolution factor determination unit 630 is configured to perform:

[0089] S1: Determine the start and end points of an initial sub-time window in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and use the initial sub-time window as a target sub-time window;

[0090] S2: Determine the deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window;

[0091] S3: Determine whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window. If not, execute S4. If so, end the current process.

[0092] S4: sequentially record the target sub-window and the deconvolution factor of the target sub-window, extend the end point of the target sub-window in the time-frequency domain according to the window increment, obtain the target sub-window of the next order, and execute S2.

[0093] Optionally, when determining the deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window, the deconvolution factor determining unit 630 specifically performs:

[0094] Determining a preset expected amplitude spectrum, where the expected amplitude spectrum is an amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed after the resolution is increased;

[0095] A deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window is determined according to the average amplitude spectrum of the target sub-time window and the expected amplitude spectrum.

[0096] like Figure 6 As shown, optionally, the device further includes: an expected amplitude spectrum setting unit 650.

[0097] The expected amplitude spectrum setting unit 650 is configured to perform:

[0098] determining an initial expected amplitude spectrum according to the average amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed, wherein the frequency range of the initial expected amplitude spectrum is greater than that of the average amplitude spectrum;

[0099] determining a constrained low cutoff frequency and a constrained high cutoff frequency of the initial desired amplitude spectrum;

[0100] The desired amplitude spectrum is set according to the constrained low cutoff frequency and the constrained high cutoff frequency.

[0101] Optionally, the resolution processing unit 640 is configured to sequentially perform the following steps on each target sub-time window:

[0102] widening the frequency band of the seismic data to be processed within the current target sub-time window by using the deconvolution factor of the current target sub-time window;

[0103] The seismic data to be processed is converted into the original time domain by inverse short-time Fourier transform, thereby improving the resolution of the seismic data to be processed and obtaining seismic data with improved resolution.

[0104] Optionally, the seismic data acquisition unit 610 is configured to perform:

[0105] Determine the time interval of the original seismic data in the time domain;

[0106] Determining a valid time interval in the original seismic data, wherein a size of the valid time interval is not greater than a size of the time window;

[0107] The seismic data to be processed within the effective time interval is intercepted.

[0108] The device for improving the resolution of seismic data provided by the embodiment of the present invention can execute the method for improving the resolution of seismic data provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0109] Example 5

[0110] Figure 7A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0111] like Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., which is communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor. The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 into the random access memory (RAM) 13. Various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored in the RAM 13. The processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are connected to each other via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0112] Multiple components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0113] The processor 11 can be any general-purpose and / or specialized processing component with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the method for improving seismic data resolution.

[0114] In some embodiments, the method for improving the resolution of seismic data can be implemented as a computer program that is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as the storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the method for improving the resolution of seismic data described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 can be configured to perform the method for improving the resolution of seismic data by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0115] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-chip systems (SOCs), programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpreted on a programmable system that includes at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0116] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0117] In the context of the present invention, computer-readable storage media can be tangible media that can contain or store a computer program for use with an instruction execution system, device or equipment or used in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. Computer-readable storage media can include but are not limited to electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, computer-readable storage media can be machine-readable signal media. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media can include electrical connections based on one or more lines, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0118] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0119] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0120] A computing system may include clients and servers. The clients and servers are typically remote from each other and typically interact via a communication network. This client-server relationship arises through computer programs running on the respective computers, creating a client-server relationship. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host. This server is a hosting product within the cloud computing service ecosystem that addresses the management difficulties and limited scalability of traditional physical hosting and VPS services.

[0121] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0122] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the resolution of seismic data, characterized in that: include: intercepting the seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window; Converting the seismic data to be processed into time-frequency domain; Determining at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment; determining the resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one of the deconvolution factors; Determining at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed according to the time window and a preset time window increment includes: S1: Determine the start and end points of an initial sub-time window in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and use the initial sub-time window as a target sub-time window; S2: Determine the deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window; S3: Determine whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window. If not, execute S4. If so, end the current process. S4: sequentially record the target sub-windows and the deconvolution factors of the target sub-windows, take the starting point of the window as the starting point, increase the window increment at the end point of the target sub-window, obtain the target sub-windows of the next order, and execute S2.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining a deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window includes: Determining a preset expected amplitude spectrum, where the expected amplitude spectrum is an amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed after the resolution is increased; A deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window is determined according to the average amplitude spectrum of the target sub-time window and the expected amplitude spectrum.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The expected amplitude spectrum is set as follows: determining an initial expected amplitude spectrum according to the average amplitude spectrum of the seismic data to be processed, wherein the frequency range of the initial expected amplitude spectrum is greater than that of the average amplitude spectrum; determining a constrained low cutoff frequency and a constrained high cutoff frequency of the initial desired amplitude spectrum; The desired amplitude spectrum is set according to the constrained low cutoff frequency and the constrained high cutoff frequency.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Determining the resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one of the deconvolution factors comprises: For each target sub-time window, execute: widening the frequency band of the seismic data to be processed within the current target sub-time window by using the deconvolution factor of the current target sub-time window; The seismic data to be processed is converted into the original time domain by inverse short-time Fourier transform, thereby improving the resolution of the seismic data to be processed and obtaining seismic data with improved resolution.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Extract the seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to the preset time window, including: Determine the time interval of the original seismic data in the time domain; Determining a valid time interval in the original seismic data, wherein a size of the valid time interval is not greater than a size of the time window; The seismic data to be processed within the effective time interval is intercepted.

6. A device for improving the resolution of seismic data, characterized in that: include: A seismic data acquisition unit, configured to intercept seismic data to be processed from the seismic data according to a preset time window; A seismic data conversion unit, configured to convert the seismic data to be processed into a time-frequency domain; a deconvolution factor determination unit, configured to determine at least one deconvolution factor of the seismic data to be processed in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and a preset time window increment; a resolution processing unit, configured to determine the resolution of the seismic data to be processed according to at least one of the deconvolution factors; The deconvolution factor determination unit is configured to perform: S1: Determine the start and end points of an initial sub-time window in the time-frequency domain according to the time window and the time window increment, and use the initial sub-time window as a target sub-time window; S2: Determine the deconvolution factor of the target sub-time window; S3: Determine whether the length of the target sub-time window is the same as the time window. If not, execute S4. If so, end the current process. S4: sequentially record the target sub-windows and the deconvolution factors of the target sub-windows, take the starting point of the window as the starting point, increase the window increment at the end point of the target sub-window, obtain the target sub-windows of the next order, and execute S2.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method for improving the resolution of seismic data according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the method for improving the resolution of seismic data according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executed.

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