Antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an antenna structure and an electronic device, wherein the antenna structure comprises: a first branch and a second branch; a break is provided between a first end of the first branch and a first end of the second branch, a second end of the first branch and a second end of the second branch are respectively connected to a ground plate; a first feeding point is provided on the first branch near the break, a second feeding point is provided on the second branch near the break; the same phase feeding signals are respectively provided at the first feeding point and the second feeding point to excite the ground plate to generate a current in a first direction when resonating with a low frequency signal of the first branch, and to excite the ground plate to generate a current in a second direction when resonating with a low frequency signal of the second branch. The antenna structure of the present disclosure can effectively reduce the antenna coupling problem caused by the current in the same direction of the ground plate, effectively decouple the antennas of the two low frequency signals, and improve the isolation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of electronic devices, and in particular to an antenna structure and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of fifth-generation mobile communication technology, 5G electronic devices such as 5G mobile phones have become the mainstream in the terminal industry. 5G electronic devices need to meet the requirements of MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology, and the number of antennas and operating frequency bands need to be increased.

[0003] While the overall size of electronic devices remains relatively unchanged, the increasing number of antennas inevitably reduces the spacing between adjacent antennas. This results in reduced isolation between adjacent antennas, which in turn affects antenna efficiency. Furthermore, antenna design typically utilizes metal frames or MDA (mode decoration antenna) processes, making it more difficult to improve isolation or decoupling compared to FPC or LDS antennas.

[0004] In the related art, there is still a lack of a decoupling method between antennas in the low frequency band. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in the related art, the present disclosure provides an antenna structure and an electronic device.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an antenna structure is provided, comprising: a first branch and a second branch;

[0007] A break is provided between the first end of the first branch section and the first end of the second branch section, and the second end of the first branch section and the second end of the second branch section are respectively connected to the floor;

[0008] The first branch is provided with a first feeding point near the break, and the second branch is provided with a second feeding point near the break;

[0009] Feed signals of the same phase are provided at the first feeding point and the second feeding point respectively to stimulate the floor to generate a current in a first direction when cooperating with the first branch resonant low-frequency band signal, and to stimulate the floor to generate a current in a second direction when cooperating with the second branch resonant low-frequency band signal.

[0010] Optionally, the first branch includes: a first extension portion and an arc-shaped second extension portion;

[0011] One end of the first extension portion is the first end of the first branch, the other end of the first extension portion is connected to one end of the second extension portion, and the other end of the second extension portion is the second end of the first branch;

[0012] The first extension portion and the second branch both extend along the first direction, and the first feeding point is arranged on the first extension portion.

[0013] Optionally, the first branch is also used to resonate antenna signals in the Sub-6G frequency band.

[0014] Optionally, a debugging connection point is further provided on the first branch, and the antenna structure further includes: a debugging circuit connected to the debugging connection point.

[0015] Optionally, the debugging circuit includes a switch and at least one branch, one end of each branch is connected to the debugging connection point through the switch, and the other end of the branch is grounded; each branch is provided with an inductor device or a capacitor device.

[0016] Optionally, the switch is a single-pole four-throw switch, and the at least one branch includes a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, and a fourth branch;

[0017] A first inductor is provided on the first branch, one end of the first branch is connected to the first end of the switch, and the other end is grounded;

[0018] A first capacitor is provided on the second branch, one end of the second branch is connected to the second end of the switch, and the other end is grounded;

[0019] A second capacitor is provided on the third branch, one end of the third branch is connected to the third end of the switch, and the other end is grounded;

[0020] A second inductor is provided on the fourth branch, one end of the fourth branch is connected to the fourth end of the switch, and the other end is grounded;

[0021] The fifth end of the switch is connected to the debugging connection point.

[0022] Optionally, the distance from the first feeding point to the first end of the first branch is 5 mm-8 mm.

[0023] Optionally, the distance from the second feeding point to the first end of the second branch is 4 mm to 6 mm.

[0024] Optionally, the width of the fracture in the first direction is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0025] Optionally, the antenna structure further includes: a first matching network and a second matching network; the first feeding point is connected to the first matching network; and the second feeding point is connected to the second matching network.

[0026] Optionally, the distance from the debugging connection point to the first end of the first branch is: 18mm-23mm.

[0027] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising a middle frame and the antenna structure.

[0028] The frame of the middle frame forms the first branch and the second branch of the antenna structure, and the plate-shaped body of the middle frame forms the floor; an antenna clearance area is provided between the frame area where the first branch and the second branch are located and the floor.

[0029] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve the following beneficial effects: The antenna structure disclosed herein can simultaneously stimulate floor currents in different directions on the floor when using different antenna branches to resonate low-frequency signals. This effectively reduces inter-antenna coupling caused by floor currents in the same direction, effectively decoupling the two antennas for low-frequency signals, and thereby improving isolation.

[0030] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0033] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a floor current flow diagram according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0034] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a floor current flow diagram according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of isolation according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0036] Figure 5 FIG. 4 is a current flow diagram of a low-frequency mode of a first branch according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0037] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a current flow diagram of the first branch in the Sub-6G mode according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0038] Figure 7 is a circuit connection diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0039] Figure 8 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an echo state of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, like numbers in different figures represent like or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present invention, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0041] With the development of fifth-generation mobile communication technology, 5G electronic devices such as 5G mobile phones have become the mainstream in the terminal industry. 5G electronic devices need to meet the requirements of MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology, and the number of antennas and operating frequency bands need to be increased.

[0042] While the overall size of electronic devices remains relatively unchanged, the increasing number of antennas inevitably reduces the spacing between adjacent antennas. This results in reduced isolation between adjacent antennas, which in turn affects antenna efficiency. Furthermore, antenna design typically utilizes metal frames or MDA (mode decoration antenna) processes, making it more difficult to improve isolation or decoupling compared to FPC or LDS antennas.

[0043] In related technologies, common decoupling methods include the following:

[0044] First, the filter circuit decoupling method is mainly used to solve the coupling between antennas with different operating frequency bands, but it cannot be used when two antennas have the same operating frequency.

[0045] Second, there's the neutralization line decoupling method. While this method can address coupling between antennas operating in the same frequency band, it's complex to design and time-consuming to debug. It's also more suitable for decoupling between narrow-bandwidth mid- and high-frequency antennas, but less effective for low-frequency antennas.

[0046] Third, a decoupling method is to add an isolation ground structure between the antennas. This method splits the radiation energy of the two antennas, but it is mainly applicable to FPC antenna technology and is not suitable for metal frame antennas.

[0047] It can be seen that in the related art, there is a lack of decoupling methods for antennas in the low frequency band, especially a lack of decoupling methods suitable for antennas with metal frames.

[0048] In order to solve the problems in the related art, the present disclosure proposes an antenna structure, including: a first branch and a second branch. A break is provided between the first end of the first branch and the first end of the second branch, and the second end of the first branch and the second end of the second branch are respectively connected to the floor. The first branch is provided with a first feeding point near the break, and the second branch is provided with a second feeding point near the break; feeding signals of the same phase are provided at the first feeding point and the second feeding point to excite the floor to generate a current in a first direction when cooperating with the first branch to resonate the low-frequency band signal, and to excite the floor to generate a current in a second direction when cooperating with the second branch to resonate the low-frequency band signal. The antenna structure disclosed in the present disclosure can simultaneously excite floor currents in different directions on the floor when using different antenna branches to realize the resonant low-frequency band signal. Thereby effectively reducing the coupling problem between antennas caused by floor currents in the same direction, effectively decoupling the antennas of the two low-frequency band signals, and thereby improving the isolation.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure of this embodiment includes: a first branch 11 and a second branch 12. A gap 13 is provided between the first end of the first branch 11 and the first end of the second branch 12. The second end of the first branch 11 and the second end of the second branch 12 are respectively connected to the floor 21.

[0050] The first branch 11 and the second branch 12 may be part of the frame of the electronic device, and the floor 21 may be a metal plate body of the electronic device.

[0051] In this embodiment, a first feeding point 1101 is provided on the first branch 11 near the break 13. A second feeding point 1201 is provided on the second branch 12 near the break 13. Feed signals of the same phase are provided at the first feeding point 1101 and the second feeding point 1201, respectively, to stimulate the floorboard 21 to generate a current in a first direction when the first branch 11 resonates with a low-frequency signal, and to stimulate the floorboard 21 to generate a current in a second direction when the second branch 12 resonates with a low-frequency signal.

[0052] The first branch 11 and the second branch 12 can both resonate with the same low-frequency signal (758MHz-821MHz). During the low-frequency signal resonance process, the branch's eigenmode and the floor 21's eigenmode coordinate to ultimately resonate with the low-frequency signal. The eigenmode is the quarter-wavelength mode.

[0053] The first direction and the second direction can be perpendicular, for example, the first direction can be the longitudinal direction (as the arrow direction) in Figure 2 , and the second direction can be the transverse direction (as the arrow direction) in Figure 3 .

[0054] Still referring to Figure 1 , the feeding signals at the first feeding point 1101 and the second feeding point 1201 can be provided simultaneously, and the feeding signals at the two points remain the same phase, so that the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 simultaneously realize resonance of the same low-frequency-band signal.

[0055] After the feeding signals are respectively fed at the first feeding point 1101 and the second feeding point 1201, the first branch 11 is connected to the ground plate 21 to excite the ground plate 21 to generate a longitudinal mode or a longitudinal current, and the second branch 12 is connected to the ground plate 21 to excite the ground plate 21 to generate a transverse mode or a transverse current. Thus, in the realization of low-frequency-band signal tuning, the distributed orthogonal form of the ground plate current effectively reduces the coupling between antennas.

[0056] When the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 respectively radiate, the coupling current generated by the first branch 11 to the second branch 12 is very weak, and the coupling current generated by the second branch 12 to the first branch 11 is also very weak, thereby effectively solving the isolation problem between the same low-frequency-band antenna branches. As shown in Figure 4 , when the first branch 11 (left frequency point) and the second branch 12 (right frequency point) both realize resonance of the low-frequency-band signal, even if the frequency points are close, a good isolation can still be maintained.

[0057] In this embodiment, the width of the break 13 can be 1.5mm-2.5mm. The appropriate break 13 can further reduce the coupling between antennas and improve the isolation under the premise of ensuring the size of the antenna branch and the normal function.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 7 , the antenna structure further includes: a first matching network 15 and a second matching network 16.

[0059] The first feeding point 1101 is connected to the first matching network 15, and the first matching network 15 is connected to the first radio frequency port on the electronic equipment PCB. The second feeding point 1201 is connected to the second matching network 15, and the second matching network 16 is connected to the second radio frequency port on the electronic equipment PCB.

[0060] The radio frequency circuit on the PCB can provide feeding signals with the same phase for the first matching network 15 and the second matching network 16 under the control of the control signal, so as to have feeding signals with the same phase at the first feeding point 1101 and the second feeding point 1201.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the first branch 11 includes a first extension 111 and an arcuate second extension 112. Both the first extension 112 and the second branch 12 extend in the first direction and can be located at the long side of the middle frame extending in the first direction. The arcuate second extension 112 can be, for example, a corner of the middle frame. The specific branch structure of this embodiment facilitates the excitation of floor currents in different directions.

[0062] One end of the first extension portion 111 is the first end of the first branch 11, and the other end of the first extension portion 111 is connected to one end of the second extension portion 112. The first feeding point 1101 is provided on the first extension portion 111. The other end of the second extension portion 112 is the second end of the first branch 11, i.e., the return point.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, based on the antenna structure, the first branch 11 of this embodiment can also realize the antenna signal of the resonant Sub-6G frequency band. Figure 8 As shown (vertical axis unit: db), the antenna structure in this embodiment can resonate with the N77 frequency band (3.3GHz-4.2GHz) and the N78 frequency band (3.3GHz-3.8GHz) of Sub-6G.

[0064] In this embodiment, based on the structure of the antenna branches and the position of the feeding points, the fusion of low-frequency band signals and Sub-6G band signals can be achieved. Among them, the distance from the first feeding point 1101 to the break (or the distance from the first feeding point 1101 to the first end of the first branch 11) is: 5mm-8mm. The distance from the second feeding point to the break ((or the distance from the second feeding point 1201 to the first end of the second branch 12)) is: 4mm-6mm.

[0065] In this embodiment, for example, the Sub-6G frequency band may be constructed using the three-quarters eigenmode (three-quarters wavelength) of the first branch 11 .

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the first branch 11 is further provided with a debugging connection point 1102, and the antenna structure further includes a debugging circuit 14 connected to the debugging connection point 1102. The debugging circuit 14 can be used to debug the specific frequency point of the resonant frequency band of the first branch 11, thereby widening the bandwidth.

[0067] In this embodiment, the debugging circuit 14 is used to adjust the specific frequency point of the low-frequency band signal resonated by the first branch 11, thereby effectively widening the bandwidth of the low-frequency band signal of the antenna structure.

[0068] Among them, such as Figure 5 As shown, in the low frequency mode, the weakest current point A is located at the second end of the first branch 11. Figure 6 As shown, in the Sub-6G frequency band mode (relatively high frequency mode), the point B with the strongest current is located near the arc-shaped extension.

[0069] In this embodiment, the distance from the debug connection point 1102 to the fracture (or the distance from the debug connection point 1102 to the first end of the first branch 11) is 18 mm to 23 mm. This allows the debug circuit 14 to be loaded in the weaker current region in the low-frequency resonant mode and the stronger current region in the sub-6 GHz resonant mode. This ensures coverage of the low-frequency signal bandwidth and resolves the issue of the debug circuit 14 and the sub-6 GHz frequency band being incompatible.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, debug circuit 14 includes a switch and at least one branch. One end of each branch is connected to debug connection point 1102 via the switch, and the other end of the branch is grounded. Each branch is provided with an inductor or capacitor. By controlling the switch, first branch 11 is connected to any branch, thereby achieving debugging.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, the switch 141 is a single-pole four-throw switch, and at least one branch includes a first branch 142 , a second branch 143 , a third branch 144 and a fourth branch 145 .

[0072] Two inductor branches and two capacitor branches are provided. The inductor in the circuit is a low-pass filter; increasing the inductance can speed up the rotation of higher-frequency points in the circular diagram. The capacitor in the circuit is a high-pass filter; increasing the capacitance can speed up the rotation of lower-frequency points.

[0073] The two inductor branches include a first branch 142 and a fourth branch 145. A first inductor is provided in first branch 142, one end of which is connected to the first end of switch 141 and the other end is grounded. A second inductor is provided in fourth branch 145, one end of which is connected to the fourth end of switch 141 and the other end is grounded. The inductance values ​​of the first and second inductors can differ to meet different debugging requirements.

[0074] The two capacitor branches include a second branch 143 and a third branch 144. A first capacitor is provided on the second branch 143, one end of which is connected to the second end of the switch 141 and the other end is grounded. A second capacitor is provided on the third branch 144, one end of which is connected to the third end of the switch 141 and the other end is grounded. The inductance values ​​of the first and second capacitors can differ to meet different debugging requirements.

[0075] A fifth terminal of the switch 141 is connected to the debugging connection point 1102 .

[0076] In this embodiment, the connection state of any branch can be achieved by different connection states of the single-pole four-throw switch; and the branch can be disconnected by closing the single-pole four-throw switch.

[0077] While the first branch 1 can achieve low-frequency signal resonance, by adjusting the setting of the debugging circuit 14 and adjusting any branch to be connected, the first branch 11 can also be made to resonate at a frequency point near the low-frequency band, for example Figure 8 As shown, resonance of three frequency points can be achieved in the low frequency band, thereby effectively widening the bandwidth of the low frequency band signal.

[0078] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in combination with the above embodiments, the antenna structure of the present disclosure achieves the following effects:

[0079] By providing the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 with the same phase feeding signal, the isolation between the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 can be effectively improved, and the coupling between the two branches when they resonate in the same low frequency band can be reduced.

[0080] Based on the antenna branch structure, the present invention can realize both low-frequency band signal tuning and sub6G band signal tuning by setting the first feeding point 1101 and the second feeding point 1201 at appropriate positions, and realize multiple frequency band tuning with one branch (first branch 11), which is more suitable for 5G electronic devices.

[0081] By properly positioning the debug connection point 1102 so that it is located at a weak current point in the low-frequency mode and a strong current point in the high-frequency mode (sub6G), the problem that the debug circuit 14 and the sub6G frequency band cannot coexist is solved.

[0082] In an exemplary embodiment, the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, which may be a portable electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a laptop computer.

[0083] The electronic device includes: a middle frame, and the above Figures 1 to 8 The antenna structure in the embodiment shown,

[0084] The bezel of the middle frame forms the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 of the antenna structure. Specifically, the first branch 11 can be formed by a first extension 111 of the long side in the first direction, and the second branch can be formed by a second extension of the long side in the first direction. The second extension of the first branch 11 can be located at a corner of the bezel.

[0085] The plate-shaped main body of the middle frame forms the floor 21. The size of the floor 21 can be set according to the overall size of the electronic device, and can be adjusted in coordination with the debugging of the antenna structure. For example, in combination with the antenna structure of the above embodiment, the floor 21 of the present embodiment can be set to be 140-170 cm long and 65-80 cm wide, so as to ensure that the floor 21 can effectively excite the floor current.

[0086] As shown in Figure 1 The antenna clearance area 30 is provided between the bezel area where the first branch 11 and the second branch 12 are located and the floor 21. The shape of the antenna clearance area 30 is the same as that of the antenna branch.

[0087] Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.

[0088] It should be understood that the application is not limited to the precise construction that has been described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the application. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: include: The first and second branches; A break is provided between the first end of the first branch section and the first end of the second branch section, and the second end of the first branch section and the second end of the second branch section are respectively connected to the floor; The first branch is provided with a first feeding point near the break, and the second branch is provided with a second feeding point near the break; Providing feeding signals of the same phase at the first feeding point and the second feeding point, respectively, to stimulate the floor to generate a current in a first direction when cooperating with the first branch resonant low-frequency band signal, and to stimulate the floor to generate a current in a second direction when cooperating with the second branch resonant low-frequency band signal; The first direction and the second direction are different, and the first branch node includes: a first extension portion and an arc-shaped second extension portion, the first extension portion and the second branch node both extend along the first direction, the first end of the first branch node is arranged on the first extension portion, and the second end of the first branch node is arranged on the second extension portion.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the first extension portion is the first end of the first branch, the other end of the first extension portion is connected to one end of the second extension portion, and the other end of the second extension portion is the second end of the first branch; The first extension portion and the second branch both extend along the first direction, and the first feeding point is arranged on the first extension portion.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first branch is also used to resonate the antenna signal of the Sub-6G frequency band.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A debugging connection point is also provided on the first branch, and the antenna structure further includes a debugging circuit connected to the debugging connection point.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The debugging circuit includes a switch and at least one branch, one end of each branch is connected to the debugging connection point through the switch, and the other end of the branch is grounded; each branch is provided with an inductor device or a capacitor device.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switch is a single-pole four-throw switch, and at least one branch includes a first branch, a second branch, a third branch and a fourth branch; A first inductor is provided on the first branch, one end of the first branch is connected to the first end of the switch, and the other end is grounded; A first capacitor is provided on the second branch, one end of the second branch is connected to the second end of the switch, and the other end is grounded; A second capacitor is provided on the third branch, one end of the third branch is connected to the third end of the switch, and the other end is grounded; A second inductor is provided on the fourth branch, one end of the fourth branch is connected to the fourth end of the switch, and the other end is grounded; The fifth end of the switch is connected to the debugging connection point.

7. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The distance from the first feeding point to the first end of the first branch is 5 mm-8 mm.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The distance from the second feeding point to the first end of the second branch is 4 mm to 6 mm.

9. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The width of the fracture in the first direction is 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

10. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The antenna structure further includes: a first matching network and a second matching network; the first feeding point is connected to the first matching network; and the second feeding point is connected to the second matching network.

11. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The distance from the debugging connection point to the first end of the first branch is: 18 mm-23 mm.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that: comprising a middle frame and the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, The frame of the middle frame forms the first branch and the second branch of the antenna structure, and the plate-shaped body of the middle frame forms the floor; an antenna clearance area is provided between the frame area where the first branch and the second branch are located and the floor.

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