A tooling and processing method for machining the peripheral tenon groove of a turbine disk

Abstract

The present invention provides a processing tooling and a processing method for the peripheral tenon groove of a turbine disk. The processing tooling includes a base, a turntable and a mounting chassis. The turntable is rotatably mounted on the base; the lower end surface of the mounting chassis is mounted on the turntable and rotates through the rotating shaft of the turntable; the upper end surface of the mounting chassis mounts the turbine disk; both sides of the mounting chassis have symmetrically arranged cutting surfaces, and positioning blocks for alignment are mounted on both sides of the mounting chassis, and positioning columns are provided on the positioning blocks. The structure of the present invention is simple and the operation is convenient, which can ensure the positioning accuracy of the turbine disk. Using this processing tooling for the processing method of the tenon groove can ensure the processing accuracy, has high processing efficiency and improves the production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wire cutting, and particularly relates to a tooling and a processing method for machining the peripheral tenon grooves of a turbine disk. Background Art

[0002] The turbine disk is a typical aviation structural part. Tenon grooves are machined in the circumferential direction of the turbine disk. The tenon grooves can be divided into straight tenon grooves and inclined tenon grooves. A straight tenon groove means that the broaching direction is perpendicular to the end face of the turbine disk; an inclined tenon groove means that the broaching direction has a certain angle with the end face of the turbine disk. However, the dimensional accuracy of the tenon groove is high, and it is very difficult to control the dimensional accuracy. At present, the machining of the turbine disk tenon groove mainly adopts the broaching machining method. Multiple broaches are used to machine the tenon groove in multiple times and layer by layer. Finally, it is broached in place by a forming broach. The forming broach is used to ensure the shape and size of the tenon groove. The machining difficulty is large, the speed is slow, and the work efficiency is low. Moreover, during the machining process, multiple broaches need to be replaced. After replacing the broach, it is necessary to reposition and adjust the machining accuracy. The process is complicated, which greatly affects the machining efficiency.

[0003] In the existing machining industry, the wire cutting machining process can not only machine a surface with the same upper and lower parts, but also has the function of machining inclined surfaces and upper and lower different-shaped parts. However, when machining the inclined tenon groove of the turbine disk, the turbine disk needs to be tilted at a certain fixed angle. The wire cutting machine tool cannot accurately find the center of the turbine disk through the centering function of the numerical control system, so it is very difficult to accurately obtain the spatial position of the inclined tenon groove. Therefore, it is difficult to directly use a wire cutting machine tool to achieve high-efficiency and high-precision machining of the inclined tenon groove of the turbine disk. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a tooling and a processing method for machining the peripheral tenon grooves of a turbine disk. Through the tooling for machining, the turbine disk can be positioned, the reference plane of the turbine disk can be determined, the center of the turbine disk can be aligned, and combined with the wire cutting processing method, the tenon grooves on the turbine disk can be machined quickly and efficiently, and the machining accuracy can be guaranteed.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, a tooling for machining the peripheral tenon grooves of a turbine disk provided by the present invention includes

[0006] a base;

[0007] a turntable, both sides of which are rotatably installed on the base and rotate through a swing shaft on the base;

[0008] a driving unit for driving the rotating shaft of the turntable to rotate;

[0009] a mounting chassis, the lower end surface of which is installed on the turntable and rotates through the rotating shaft of the turntable; the upper end surface of the mounting chassis installs the turbine disk;

[0010] Both sides of the installation chassis have symmetrically arranged cut surfaces. Positioning blocks for alignment are installed on both sides of the installation chassis, and positioning columns are provided on the positioning blocks.

[0011] The two positioning blocks respectively correspond to the two cut surfaces, and the central axis of the positioning column coincides with the central axis of the cut surface and the central axis of the installation chassis.

[0012] Furthermore, embedding grooves for installing the positioning blocks are provided on both sides of the installation chassis, and the embedding grooves are all located on the central axis of the installation chassis.

[0013] Furthermore, the installation chassis is a disc. The embedding grooves are located on the cut surfaces and extend towards the center of the installation chassis. The positioning blocks are installed in the embedding grooves, and their outer side surfaces are in the same plane as the cut surfaces.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning block includes a connecting seat installed in the embedding groove. The positioning column is located on the connecting seat and extends towards the outside of the embedding groove. The positioning column is located at the center of the connecting seat.

[0015] Furthermore, a card slot for installing an angle measuring instrument is also provided on the upper end surface of the installation chassis, and the bottom surface of the card slot is parallel to the upper end surface of the installation chassis.

[0016] Furthermore, the base includes two side plates for installing the turntable. The turntable is connected between the two side plates through a swing shaft, and the turntable rotates around the swing shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, an adjusting wheel for adjusting the rotation angle of the turntable is sleeved on the swing shaft, and the adjusting wheel is concentric with the swing shaft.

[0018] The present invention also provides a processing method for the peripheral tenon groove of a turbine disc. Using the above-mentioned tooling for processing the peripheral tenon groove of the turbine disc, the processing method includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Install the processing tooling on the workbench of the wire cutting machine tool. The base is fixed on the workbench, and the installation chassis is parallel to the workbench.

[0020] Step 2: Determine the central coordinates of the installation chassis. Determine the central coordinates of the X-axis and Y-axis of the installation chassis through the cut surface and the positioning column of the installation chassis.

[0021] Step 3: Determine the central coordinates of the turbine disk. Adjust the tilt angle of the turntable on the base according to the tilt angle of the dovetail groove on the turbine disk so that the tilt angle of the turntable is equal to the angle of the dovetail groove. Install the turbine disk on the mounting chassis. The center of the turbine disk is concentric with the center of the mounting chassis. Then, combined with the thickness of the turbine disk and the thickness of the mounting chassis, calculate the offset value between the center of the mounting chassis and the center of the turbine disk, and further determine the central coordinates of the turbine disk.

[0022] Step 4: Generate a dovetail groove machining trajectory file according to the shape of the dovetail groove on the turbine disk, and determine the starting cutting point position of the dovetail groove.

[0023] Step 5: Determine the machining parameters according to the dovetail groove machining trajectory file. The machining parameters include the number of cycles, the walking speed, and the cycle step length.

[0024] Step 6: With the central coordinates of the turbine disk as the reference benchmark, position the molybdenum wire of the wire cutting machine at the starting cutting point position of the dovetail groove.

[0025] Step 7: Machine multiple dovetail grooves on the periphery of the turbine disk. After the molybdenum wire in Step 6 is positioned at the starting cutting point position of the first dovetail groove, spark discharge occurs, and the first dovetail groove is machined according to the dovetail groove machining trajectory file. After the first dovetail groove is machined, the molybdenum wire returns to the starting cutting point position. The turntable rotates the turbine disk to perform the machining of the second dovetail groove, and so on, until the machining of the dovetail grooves on the periphery of the turbine disk is completed.

[0026] Further, the positioning post is a cylinder, and the central axis of the positioning post is parallel to the central axis of the swing shaft.

[0027] Further, in Step 3, the tilt angle of the turntable is A, the half thickness of the turbine disk is H1, the half thickness of the mounting chassis is H2, and the offset value L between the center of the mounting chassis and the center of the turbine disk is L = (H1 + H2) * SinA.

[0028] Compared with the related technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present invention provides a tooling for machining dovetail grooves on the periphery of a turbine disk, which has a simple structure and is fast and convenient to use. The mounting chassis for installing the turbine disk is installed on the turntable, and the turntable drives the mounting chassis to rotate, enabling the rotation of the turbine disk and facilitating the sequential machining of multiple dovetail grooves on the turbine disk. At the same time, by rotating and adjusting the turntable on the base, the turbine disk can be tilted, facilitating the machining of the inclined dovetail grooves on the periphery of the turbine disk.

[0030] Cutting surfaces are provided on both sides of the installation chassis. The cutting surfaces are vertical planes. In the processing method using this processing tooling, through the alignment of the coordinate positions of the two cutting surfaces and the alignment of the front and rear coordinates of the positioning posts, the center coordinates of the installation chassis are determined through centering. The turbine disk is installed on the installation chassis, and then the center coordinates of the turbine disk are calculated based on the inclination angle of the installation chassis, which facilitates the wire cutting of the molybdenum wire of the wire cutting machine tool, with high processing efficiency and improved production efficiency.

[0031] The processing tooling in the invention can be directly installed on the wire cutting machine tool, realizing batch processing and ensuring processing accuracy.

[0032] To make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specifically presents preferred embodiments and, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, provides a detailed description as follows. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of another perspective of a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention

[0036] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation of the processing tooling and the wire cutting equipment provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 For Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A in;

[0038] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the installation chassis in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the offset structure of the turbine disk on the installation chassis in the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals in the figures: 100, turbine disk;

[0041] 1, base; 11, swing shaft; 12, side plate; 13, adjusting wheel; 2, turntable; 21, rotating shaft; 3, drive unit; 4, installation chassis; 41, cutting surface; 42, embedding groove; 43, clamping groove; 44, installation hole; 5, positioning block; 51, positioning post; 6, wire cutting machine tool; 61, workbench. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a tooling for machining the peripheral tenon groove of a turbine disk includes a base 1, a turntable 2, a driving unit 3 and a mounting chassis 4. The two sides of the turntable 2 are rotatably installed on the base 1 and rotate through a swing shaft 11 on the base 1;

[0044] The driving unit 3 can be used to drive the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 of the turntable 2. The driving unit 3 is fixedly installed with the turntable 2, and the driving unit 3 and the turntable 2 rotate synchronously on the base 1;

[0045] The lower end surface of the mounting chassis 4 is installed on the turntable 2 and rotates through the rotating shaft 21 of the turntable 2; the upper end surface of the mounting chassis 4 is installed with a turbine disk 100;

[0046] In addition, both sides of the mounting chassis 4 have symmetrically arranged cut surfaces 41. The cut surfaces 41 are both vertical surfaces and are symmetric about the center of the mounting chassis 4. Positioning blocks 5 for alignment are installed on both sides of the mounting chassis 4, and positioning columns 51 are provided on the positioning blocks 5;

[0047] For the convenience of installing the positioning blocks 5, both sides of the mounting chassis 4 are provided with slots 42 for installing the positioning blocks 5, and the slots 42 are all located on the central axis of the mounting chassis 4. In this embodiment, the mounting chassis 4 is a disk, the slots 42 are located on the cut surfaces 41 and extend towards the center of the mounting chassis 4. The positioning blocks 5 are installed in the slots 42, and their outer sides are in the same vertical plane as the cut surfaces 41, ensuring the accuracy of aligning the center of the mounting chassis 4 through the cut surfaces 41.

[0048] In this embodiment, the positioning block 5 includes a connecting seat 52 installed in the slot 42, the positioning post 51 is located on the connecting seat 52 and extends outward from the slot 42. The positioning post 51 is located at the center of the connecting seat 52. The two positioning blocks 5 respectively correspond to the two cutting surfaces 41, and the central axis of the positioning post 51 coincides with the central axis of the cutting surface 41 and the central axis of the mounting chassis 4, ensuring the installation accuracy of the positioning post 51 and facilitating the alignment accuracy through the positioning post 51.

[0049] Since the dovetail grooves around the turbine disk 100 are inclined dovetail grooves, for the convenience of machining the dovetail grooves, during machining, the turbine disk 100 needs to be inclined, so that the turbine disk 100 has a certain inclination angle with respect to the vertical direction. To facilitate measuring the inclination angle of the turbine disk 100, a slot 43 for installing an angle measuring instrument (not shown in the figure) is further provided on the upper end surface of the mounting chassis 4, and the bottom surface of the slot 43 is parallel to the upper end surface of the mounting chassis 4. When the angle measuring instrument is installed on the slot 43, when the mounting chassis 4 is inclined, its inclination angle can be measured by the angle measuring instrument, ensuring the inclination accuracy and meeting the machining requirements. The angle measuring instrument is preferably a WYLER electronic angle measuring instrument.

[0050] In this embodiment, the base 1 includes two side plates 12 for installing the turntable 2. The turntable 2 is connected between the two side plates 12 through the swing shaft 11. The turntable 2 rotates around the swing shaft 11. An adjusting wheel 13 for adjusting the rotation angle of the turntable 2 is sleeved on the swing shaft 11. The adjusting wheel 13 is concentric with the swing shaft 11. The adjusting wheel 13 is a manual adjusting wheel 13. According to the required inclination angle for dovetail groove machining, the swing shaft 11 is rotated by the adjusting wheel 13, so that the turntable 2 rotates on the base 1, and the rotation position is determined in combination with the angle measuring instrument on the mounting chassis 4.

[0051] In this embodiment, the two cutting surfaces 41 are respectively located on the sides in the Y-axis direction of the mounting chassis 4. The cylindrical positioning post 51 is on the central axis in the Y-axis direction of the mounting chassis 4 and extends along the Y-axis direction. In addition, the swing shaft 11 on the base 1 extends along the Y-axis direction, and the turntable 2 rotates around the Y-axis direction through the swing shaft 11. The central axis of the positioning post 51 is parallel to the central axis of the swing shaft 11.

[0052] When machining the dovetail grooves around the turbine disk 100 by using the above-mentioned tooling for machining the dovetail grooves around the turbine disk 100, its machining method includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1, install the machining tooling on the workbench 61 of the wire cutting machine 6. The base 1 is fixed on the workbench, and the mounting chassis 4 is parallel to the workbench 61;

[0054] After installing the processing tooling and powering on the turntable 2, the backlash shall not be greater than 0.02 mm. When the turntable 2 rotates one week, the end face runout of the installation chassis 4 shall not be greater than 0.05 mm, and the radial runout shall not be greater than 0.03 mm; the dial indicator reading between the upper surface of the positioning block 5 and the upper end face of the installation chassis 4 shall not be greater than 0.02 mm;

[0055] Step 2: Determine the center coordinates of the installation chassis 4. Determine the center coordinates of the X-axis and Y-axis of the installation chassis 4 through the cut surface 41 of the installation chassis 4 and the positioning column 51;

[0056] Specifically, the installation chassis 4 is swung to the corresponding angular position through the swing shaft 11 according to the angle requirement, and the position of the installation chassis 4 is fixed. Then, spark discharge is carried out, the molybdenum wire is straightened, and the center is found by spark alignment on the cut surfaces 41 on both sides of the installation chassis 4 to determine the midpoint in the Y-axis direction, that is, the Y value of the center of the circle of the installation chassis 4. Then, the center is divided by the positioning column 51, and the front and back of the positioning column 51 are divided to determine the midpoint in the X direction, that is, the X value of the center of the circle of the installation chassis 4.

[0057] Step 3: Determine the center coordinates of the turbine disk 100. Adjust the tilt angle of the turntable 2 on the base 1 according to the tilt angle of the tenon groove on the turbine disk 100 so that the tilt angle of the turntable 2 is equal to the angle of the tenon groove; install the turbine disk 100 on the installation chassis 4, and the center of the turbine disk 100 is concentric with the center of the installation chassis 4. Then, combined with the thickness of the turbine disk 100 and the thickness of the installation chassis 4, calculate the offset value between the center of the installation chassis 4 and the center of the turbine disk 100, and further determine the center coordinates of the turbine disk 100;

[0058] Among them, the tilt angle of the turntable 2 is A (measured by an angle measuring instrument), half of the thickness of the turbine disk 100 is H1, half of the thickness of the installation chassis 4 is H2, and the offset value L between the center of the installation chassis 4 and the center of the turbine disk 100 = (H1 + H2) * SinA, as Figure 6 shown.

[0059] Step 4: Generate a tenon groove machining trajectory file according to the shape of the tenon groove on the turbine disk 100, and determine the starting cutting point position of the tenon groove;

[0060] Step 5: Determine the machining parameters according to the tenon groove machining trajectory file. The machining parameters include the number of cycles, the walking speed, and the cycle step length;

[0061] Step 6: Taking the center coordinates of the turbine disk 100 as the reference benchmark, position the molybdenum wire of the wire cutting machine at the starting cutting point position of the tenon groove;

[0062] Step 7: Machining multiple tenons on the periphery of the turbine disk 100. After the molybdenum wire in Step 6 is positioned at the starting point of the first tenon, spark discharge occurs, and the first tenon is machined according to the tenon machining trajectory file. After the first tenon is machined, the molybdenum wire returns to the starting point. The turntable 2 rotates the turbine disk 100 to machine the second tenon, and so on, until the machining of the tenons on the periphery of the turbine disk 100 is completed.

[0063] In the present invention, a plurality of mounting holes 44 for mounting and fixing the turbine disk 100 are further provided at the central part of the mounting chassis 4, which enables rapid assembly during batch machining of the turbine disk 100 and ensures machining accuracy.

[0064] The structure of the present invention is simple and the manufacturing cost is low. It can meet the machining requirements of the tenons on the periphery of the turbine disk 100, save the funds for purchasing imported special equipment, and reduce costs.

[0065] During use, the cut surface 41 on the mounting chassis 4 is always a vertical surface, which solves and ensures the accuracy of centering in the Y direction. By adjusting the height of the positioning block 5 based on the upper end surface of the mounting chassis 4, the installation accuracy of the positioning post 51 is ensured, which solves and ensures the accuracy of centering in the X direction and ensures machining accuracy.

[0066] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural or equivalent process transformation made by using the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be similarly included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing method for the peripheral mortise of a turbine disk, characterized in that, The tooling for machining the peripheral tenon grooves of the turbine disk used in this machining method includes a base; a turntable, which is rotatably installed on both sides of the base and rotates through a swing shaft on the base; a driving unit for driving the rotation of the rotating shaft of the turntable; a mounting chassis, the lower end surface of which is mounted on the turntable and rotates through the rotating shaft of the turntable; the upper end surface of the mounting chassis mounts the turbine disk; both sides of the mounting chassis have symmetrically arranged cutting surfaces, and positioning blocks for alignment are installed on both sides of the mounting chassis, and positioning columns are provided on the positioning blocks; the two positioning blocks respectively correspond to the two cutting surfaces, and the central axis of the positioning column coincides with the central axis of the cutting surface and the central axis of the mounting chassis; The machining method includes the following steps: Step 1, install the machining tooling on the workbench of the wire cutting machine tool, fix the base on the workbench, and make the mounting chassis parallel to the workbench; Step 2, determine the central coordinates of the mounting chassis, and determine the central coordinates of the X-axis and Y-axis of the mounting chassis through the cutting surface and the positioning column of the mounting chassis; Step 3, determine the central coordinates of the turbine disk, adjust the inclination angle of the turntable on the base according to the inclination angle of the tenon groove on the turbine disk, so that the inclination angle of the turntable is equal to the angle of the tenon groove; install the turbine disk on the mounting chassis, and the center of the turbine disk is concentric with the center of the mounting chassis. Then, combined with the thickness of the turbine disk and the thickness of the mounting chassis, calculate the offset value between the center of the mounting chassis and the center of the turbine disk, and then determine the central coordinates of the turbine disk; Step 4, generate a tenon groove machining trajectory file according to the shape of the tenon groove on the turbine disk, and determine the starting cutting point position of the tenon groove; Step 5, determine the machining parameters according to the tenon groove machining trajectory file, and the machining parameters include the number of cycles, the walking speed, and the cycle step length; Step 6, with the central coordinates of the turbine disk as the reference benchmark, position the molybdenum wire of the wire cutting machine tool at the starting cutting point position of the tenon groove; Step 7, machine multiple tenon grooves on the periphery of the turbine disk. After the molybdenum wire in Step 6 is positioned at the starting cutting point position of the first tenon groove, spark discharge is carried out, and the first tenon groove is machined according to the tenon groove machining trajectory file. After the first tenon groove is machined, the molybdenum wire returns to the starting cutting point position; the turntable rotates and the turbine disk rotates to carry out the machining of the second tenon groove, and so on, until the machining of the tenon grooves on the periphery of the turbine disk is completed.

2. The machining method of a circumferential dovetail groove of a turbine disk according to claim 1, wherein Both sides of the mounting chassis are provided with slots for installing the positioning blocks, and the slots are all located on the central axis of the mounting chassis.

3. A method for machining a peripheral mortise groove of a turbine disk according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting chassis is a disk, the slots are located on the cutting surfaces and extend towards the center of the mounting chassis, and the positioning blocks are installed in the slots, and their outer side surfaces are in the same plane as the cutting surfaces.

4. The machining method of a peripheral dovetail groove of a turbine disk according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positioning block includes a connecting seat installed in the slot, the positioning column is located on the connecting seat and extends towards the outside of the slot, and the positioning column is located at the center of the connecting seat.

5. A machining method for a peripheral mortise of a turbine disk according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end surface of the mounting chassis is also provided with a slot for installing an angle measuring instrument, and the bottom surface of the slot is parallel to the upper end surface of the mounting chassis.

6. A method for machining a peripheral tenon groove of a turbine disk according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base includes two side plates for mounting the turntable. The turntable is connected between the two side plates through the swing shaft, and the turntable rotates around the swing shaft.

7. A method for machining a peripheral mortise groove of a turbine disk according to claim 6, characterized in that, An adjusting wheel for adjusting the rotation angle of the turntable is sleeved on the swing shaft, and the adjusting wheel is concentric with the swing shaft.

8. A processing method for a peripheral tenon groove of a turbine disk according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning post is a cylinder, and the central axis of the positioning post is parallel to the central axis of the swing shaft.

9. A method for machining a peripheral dovetail groove of a turbine disk according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step 3, the tilt angle of the turntable is A, half of the thickness of the turbine disk is H1, half of the thickness of the mounting chassis is H2, and the offset value L between the center of the mounting chassis and the center of the turbine disk is L = (H1 + H2) * SinA.

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