A slurry balance shield machine

Abstract

The present application discloses a slurry shield machine, including a shield main machine, the shield main machine includes a shield body, a cutter disc and an excavation chamber, wherein the excavation chamber is surrounded by the shield body and the cutter disc; the slurry shield machine also includes a crushing device, the crushing device is arranged in the excavation chamber, the crushing device includes a first crushing assembly and a second crushing assembly, the first crushing assembly is arranged on the cutter disc and can rotate with the cutter disc, the second crushing assembly is arranged at the lower part of the front partition of the shield body, the second crushing assembly is arranged toward the first crushing assembly, and the second crushing assembly and the front partition form a slag discharge chamber. The above-mentioned slurry shield machine can realize continuous crushing of slag and stone through the continuous rotation of the cutter disc, solves the problem that it is difficult to arrange the crushing device in the excavation chamber of the small-diameter shield machine, and thus meets the crushing demand of slag and stone in the small-diameter shield machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a slurry shield machine. Background Art

[0002] Slurry shield machines have been widely used in the construction of tunnel projects such as municipal pipeline corridors, energy transmission, and transportation tracks due to their advantages of being green, environmentally friendly, safe, reliable, economical and efficient. They are especially widely used in tunnel projects with special composite strata such as viscosity, pebbles, and round gravel. However, with the rapid development of tunnels such as municipal pipeline corridors and the demand for intensive resource utilization, newer requirements have been put forward for small and medium-sized slurry shield equipment. On the one hand, as the planned tunnel lines pass through increasingly complex and changeable strata, in order to ensure safer and more reliable construction, it is urgent to configure a normal pressure cutterhead on a small-diameter shield machine. However, due to the limited space for changing cutters in small-diameter cutters, it is difficult to directly arrange a normal pressure cutterhead. On the other hand, due to the influence of the shield body diameter, the air cushion cabin space set up in a small-diameter shield is small, and it is difficult to arrange the crushing device in the cabin. When passing through strata with a high content of sand and gravel, a quarrying box or pipeline crushing device is usually set up behind the shield main machine, which has high requirements for the performance of the circulation system.

[0003] To this end, in response to the above situation, some small-diameter normal pressure tool change cutterheads have appeared in the prior art, such as by setting a central transition cabin connected to the tool change chamber at the rear end face away from the cutterhead body to achieve normal pressure tool change operation for small-diameter cutterheads, but the large number of normal pressure cutter boxes makes it difficult to apply to the small-diameter (≤5m) shield machine's demand for normal pressure tool change operation space, and there is no crushing device on the back, which cannot meet the demand for slag crushing in the small-diameter shield chamber. Therefore, in order to meet the demand for slag crushing in the small-diameter shield chamber, it is necessary for those skilled in the art to provide a slurry balance shield machine that can meet the demand for slag crushing in the small-diameter shield chamber in a timely manner. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a slurry shield machine that can achieve continuous crushing of slag and rock, thereby meeting the crushing requirements of slag and rock in a small-diameter shield machine.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a slurry shield machine, including a shield main machine, the shield main machine includes a shield body, a cutter disc and an excavation chamber surrounded by the shield body and the cutter disc, and also includes a crushing device, the crushing device is arranged in the excavation chamber, the crushing device includes a first crushing component and a second crushing component, the first crushing component is arranged on the cutter disc and can rotate with the cutter disc, the second crushing component is arranged at the lower part of the front partition of the shield body and is arranged toward the first crushing component, and the second crushing component and the front partition form a slag discharge chamber; through the relative rotation of the first crushing component and the second crushing component, the slag falling between the first crushing component and the second crushing component is crushed into a set particle size and falls into the slag discharge chamber.

[0006] In some embodiments, the cutter disc has a conical structure, and the first crushing component is arranged on the conical surface of the cutter disc along the circumferential direction and at intervals. The taper of the cutter disc after the first crushing component is set matches the taper formed by the second crushing component to achieve continuous shear crushing of the slag.

[0007] In some embodiments, the cutter disc includes a plurality of cutter boxes, which are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cutter disc, a cutter beam is provided between any two adjacent cutter boxes, and each cutter box and each cutter beam is provided with a first crushing assembly.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second crushing assembly includes a main crushing plate, a wear-resistant plate, an auxiliary crushing plate and a sealing plate. Each wear-resistant plate is inclined and spaced apart in the circumferential direction at the lower part of the front partition. The two sealing plates are respectively arranged on the left and right outermost wear-resistant plates and the front partition. A main crushing plate is arranged between any two adjacent wear-resistant plates in the middle part of the second crushing assembly. Each main crushing plate is provided with a slag discharge hole for allowing crushed stone to fall into the slag discharge chamber. An auxiliary crushing plate is arranged between any two adjacent wear-resistant plates between the middle part of the second crushing assembly and the sealing plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the distances between any two adjacent primary crushing plates and the upper end surfaces of the wear-resistant plates are different.

[0010] In some embodiments, the slag discharge hole is a tapered hole, and the diameter of the tapered hole on the side close to the first crushing assembly is smaller than the diameter of the tapered hole on the side close to the slag discharge chamber.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second crushing assemblies are distributed symmetrically along the circumference of the front partition.

[0012] In some embodiments, a circulation system is also included, which includes a main slurry discharge pipe, a slurry inlet pipe, a backwash pipe and a connecting pipe. The main slurry discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge chamber, the slurry inlet pipe is connected to the upper part of the excavation bin, the front end of the backwash pipe is connected to the slag discharge chamber, the rear end of the backwash pipe is connected to the slurry inlet pipe, and both ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the main slurry discharge pipe and the slurry inlet pipe.

[0013] In some embodiments, a slurry discharge pipe opening, two slurry inlet pipe openings and two backwash pipe openings are provided on the front partition plate. The two backwash pipe openings are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slurry discharge pipe opening. The front port of the main slurry discharge pipe is connected to the slurry discharge pipe opening, the front port of the slurry inlet pipe is connected to the two slurry inlet pipe openings respectively, and the front port of the backwash pipe is connected to the two backwash pipe openings.

[0014] In some embodiments, the circulation system also includes an auxiliary slurry discharge pipe, which is arranged in parallel with the front section of the main slurry discharge pipe. The front end of the auxiliary slurry discharge pipe passes through the second crushing assembly and is connected to the excavation chamber, and the rear end of the auxiliary slurry discharge pipe is connected to the rear section of the main slurry discharge pipe.

[0015] Compared with the above background technology, the slurry shield machine provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a shield main machine, the shield main machine includes a shield body, a cutter disc and an excavation chamber, wherein the excavation chamber is surrounded by the shield body and the cutter disc; further, the slurry shield machine also includes a crushing device, the crushing device is arranged in the excavation chamber, the crushing device includes a first crushing assembly and a second crushing assembly, the first crushing assembly is arranged on the cutter disc and can rotate with the cutter disc, the second crushing assembly is arranged at the lower part of the front partition of the shield body, the second crushing assembly is arranged toward the first crushing assembly, and the second crushing assembly and the front partition form a slag discharge chamber; that is, the second crushing assembly is arranged at the lower part of the front partition of the shield body and is fixed, and the first crushing assembly is arranged on the cutter disc and can rotate with the cutter disc. In this way, the slag excavated by the cutter disc falls between the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly in the excavation chamber, and during the continuous rotation of the cutter disc, the slag is continuously and uninterruptedly crushed into a set particle size and falls into the slag discharge chamber through the relative rotation of the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly. Compared with the traditional slurry shield machine, the slurry shield machine provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize continuous crushing of slag and rock through the continuous rotation of the cutter disc, thereby solving the problem that it is difficult to arrange the crushing device in the excavation chamber of the small-diameter shield machine, thereby meeting the crushing needs of slag and rock in the small-diameter shield machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slurry shield machine in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the assembly of the cutter head and the first crushing assembly in the slurry shield machine shown;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another schematic diagram of the assembly of the cutter disc and the first crushing assembly;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the installation of the second crushing assembly in the slurry shield machine shown;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the nozzles on the front baffle of a slurry shield machine;

[0022] Figure 6(a) shows Figure 1 The middle part I is a schematic diagram showing that the height difference between the upper end surface of the main crushing plate and the wear-resistant plate is H1 after being enlarged;

[0023] Figure 6(b) shows Figure 1 The middle part I is a schematic diagram showing that the height difference between the upper end surface of the main crushing plate and the wear-resistant plate is H2 after being enlarged;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the AA rotation section of Figure 6(b);

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a slurry shield machine in a general circulation slag removal construction mode in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of a slurry shield machine in a secondary discharge ring slag discharge construction mode in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of a slurry shield machine in a reverse circulation slag discharge construction mode in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of a slurry shield machine in a backwashing construction mode in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.12 for Figure 8 The circulation schematic diagram corresponding to the general circulation slag removal construction mode shown;

[0030] Fig.13 for Fig. 9 The schematic diagram of circulation corresponding to the construction mode of secondary discharge ring slag discharge is shown;

[0031] Fig.14 for Fig.10 The schematic diagram of circulation corresponding to the reverse circulation slag removal construction mode shown;

[0032] Fig.15 for Fig.11 The circulation diagram corresponding to the backwash construction mode shown.

[0033] in:

[0034] 1-crushing device, 11-first crushing assembly, 12-second crushing assembly, 121-main crushing plate, 122-wear-resistant plate, 123-auxiliary crushing plate, 124-sealing plate;

[0035] 2-circulation system, 21-main slurry discharge pipe, 210-slurry discharge pipe outlet, 211-main discharge valve, 22-slurry inlet pipe, 220-slurry inlet pipe outlet, 221-first slurry inlet valve, 222-second slurry inlet valve, 23-backwash pipe, 230-backwash pipe outlet, 231-backwash valve I, 232-backwash valve II, 24-connecting pipe, 241-connecting pipe valve, 25-slurry discharge pump, 26-backwash pump, 27-remaining pipeline components, 28-auxiliary slurry discharge pipe, 281-auxiliary discharge valve;

[0036] 3-shield machine, 30-excavation chamber, 31-shield body, 311-front partition, 32-cutter head, 321-cutter box, 322-cutter beam, 323-transition chamber, 33-main drive, 34-assembly machine, 35-propulsion system, 36-slag discharge chamber;

[0037] 4- auxiliary system, 41- shield trolley, 42- pipeline extension system;

[0038] α-projection angle between the second crushing assembly and the shield shell on the longitudinal section along the axis of the shield machine;

[0039] H1 / H2 - height difference between the upper end surface of the main crushing plate and the wear plate in the longitudinal section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0042] It should be noted that the directional words such as "upper end, lower end, left side, right side" described below are all defined based on the drawings in the specification.

[0043] See also Figure 1 The slurry shield machine provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a shield main machine 3, which includes a shield body 31, a cutter head 32 and an excavation chamber 30, wherein the front partition plate 311 of the shield body 31, the cutter head 32 and the cutter ring of the shield body 31 form the excavation chamber 30. As the cutter head 32 rotates continuously, the slag excavated by the cutter head 32 falls into the excavation chamber 30.

[0044] Furthermore, the slurry shield machine also includes a crushing device 1, which is arranged in the excavation chamber 30. The crushing device 1 includes a first crushing component 11 and a second crushing component 12. The first crushing component 11 is arranged on the cutter disc 32 and can rotate with the cutter disc 32. The second crushing component 12 is arranged at the lower part of the front partition 311 of the shield body 31. The second crushing component 12 is arranged toward the first crushing component 11, and the second crushing component 12 and the front partition 311 form a slag discharge chamber 36.

[0045] That is, the second crushing assembly 12 is disposed at the lower part of the front partition 311 of the shield body 31 and is fixed, and the first crushing assembly 11 is disposed on the cutter disc 32 and can rotate with the cutter disc 32 .

[0046] In this way, the slag excavated by the cutter disc 32 falls between the first crushing assembly 11 and the second crushing assembly 12 in the excavation chamber 30. During the continuous rotation of the cutter disc 32, the relative rotation of the first crushing assembly 11 and the second crushing assembly 12 causes the slag to be continuously and uninterruptedly crushed into a set particle size and falls into the slag discharge chamber 36.

[0047] Compared with the traditional slurry shield machine, the slurry shield machine provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize continuous crushing of slag and rock through the continuous rotation of the cutter head 32, thereby solving the problem that it is difficult to arrange the crushing device 1 in the excavation chamber 30 of the small-diameter shield machine, thereby meeting the crushing demand of slag and rock in the small-diameter shield machine.

[0048] It should be noted that the shield machine 3 also includes a main drive 33 fixedly connected to the inside of the shield body 31 along the circumferential direction, an assembling machine 34 fixedly connected to the rear section of the shield body 31, and a propulsion system 35 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the shield body 31. Among them, the cutter head 32 is bolted and fixedly connected to the front end of the main drive 33, and the main drive 33 works and drives the cutter head 32 to rotate.

[0049] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 The cutter disc 32 has a conical structure, and the first crushing components 11 are arranged on the conical surface of the cutter disc 32 along the circumferential direction and at intervals. The taper of the cutter disc 32 after the first crushing component 11 is arranged matches the taper formed by the second crushing component 12 to achieve continuous and effective shear crushing of the slag.

[0050] Specifically, the cutter disc 32 includes a cutter box 321, a cutter beam 322 and a transition chamber 323. The transition chamber 323 is fixed at the center of the shield body 31 and the main drive 33. The cutter box 321 and the transition chamber 323 are connected to form a normal pressure chamber through the shield body 31 and the main drive 33. A plurality of cutter boxes 321 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter disc 32, and a cutter beam 322 is provided between any two adjacent cutter boxes 321.

[0051] Preferably, in order to further increase the internal space of the tool box 321 to facilitate tool changing operations, for the normal pressure cutter disc 32 with a small diameter (≤5m) conical structure in the present application, a structural configuration of three tool boxes 321 + three tool beams 322 is adopted, so that the internal space of the tool box 321 can be increased as much as possible.

[0052] In this way, on the one hand, by setting up a normal pressure tool box and cutter disc structure, the operator can enter the tool box 321 from the transition chamber 323 to perform tool changing operations, thereby realizing the normal pressure tool changing function of the small diameter cutter disc. On the other hand, through the continuous rotation of the cutter disc 32, continuous crushing of slag and rock can be achieved, solving the problem that it is difficult to arrange the crushing device 1 in the excavation chamber 30 of the small diameter shield machine, thereby meeting the crushing needs of slag and rock in the small diameter shield machine.

[0053] In some embodiments, each knife box 321 and each knife beam 322 is provided with a first crushing assembly 11. Of course, the first crushing assembly 11 can be specifically configured as a long crushing blade / plate that can perform a crushing function.

[0054] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 6(a), FIG. 6(b) and Figure 7 The second crushing assembly 12 includes a main crushing plate 121 , a wear-resistant plate 122 , an auxiliary crushing plate 123 and a sealing plate 124 .

[0055] Preferably, each wear-resistant plate 122 is inclined at a certain angle α and is evenly spaced along the circumferential direction at the lower portion of the front baffle 311 , and each wear-resistant plate 122 is symmetrically distributed in the circumferential direction of the shield body 31 .

[0056] Preferably, two sealing plates 124 are respectively arranged on the left and right outermost wear-resistant plates 122 and the front partition plate 311 , and the sealing plates 124 are used to block both ends of the slag discharge chamber 36 to prevent the slag in the excavation chamber 30 from falling directly into the slag discharge chamber 36 .

[0057] Preferably, a main crushing plate 121 is provided between any two adjacent wear-resistant plates 122 in the middle of the second crushing assembly 12. Specifically, each main crushing plate 121 is arranged between the wear-resistant plates 122 at an angle α, and each main crushing plate 121 maintains a left-right symmetrical distribution in the circumferential direction of the shield body 31; an auxiliary crushing plate 123 is provided between any two adjacent wear-resistant plates 122 between the middle of the second crushing assembly 12 and the sealing plate 124, and each auxiliary crushing plate 123 is arranged between the wear-resistant plates 122 on both sides at an angle α, and each auxiliary crushing plate 123 maintains a left-right symmetrical distribution in the circumferential direction of the shield body 31.

[0058] In some embodiments, the distance or height difference between the upper end surfaces of any two adjacent main crushing plates 121 and the wear-resistant plate 122 is different. Figure 7As shown, in the longitudinal section of the second crushing assembly 12, the height difference between the main crushing plate 121 and the upper end surface of the wear-resistant plate 122 is maintained at H1 and H2, and the height difference between the auxiliary crushing plate 123 on either side and the upper end surface of the wear-resistant plate 122 is also maintained at H1 and H2. In this way, a tooth surface for crushing slag and stone can be formed on the surface of the second crushing assembly 12.

[0059] In this way, during the continuous rotation of the cutter disc 32, the first crushing assembly 11 and the second crushing assembly 12 rotate relative to each other, and the slag falling between the first crushing assembly 11 and the second crushing assembly 12 is continuously and uninterruptedly crushed into a set particle size on the tooth surface of the second crushing assembly 12 and falls into the slag discharge chamber 36.

[0060] In some embodiments, each main crushing plate 121 is provided with a slag discharge hole for allowing crushed stones to fall into the slag discharge chamber 36 .

[0061] Preferably, the slag discharge hole is a tapered hole, and the diameter of the tapered hole close to the first crushing assembly 11 or the excavation chamber 30 is smaller than the diameter of the tapered hole close to the slag discharge chamber 36. In this way, the tapered hole can be prevented from being blocked to a large extent.

[0062] In some embodiments, the second crushing assemblies 12 are distributed symmetrically along the circumference of the front partition plate 311 .

[0063] In summary, the present application obliquely arranges the crushing device 1 on the back of the cutter disc 32 and the front partition 311 at the bottom of the excavation bin 30 to form an in-bin conical crushing structure, so as to realize continuous and uninterrupted crushing of the slag in the excavation bin 30. Among them, the first crushing assembly 11 is fixedly arranged on the back of the cutter disc 32 at a certain interval along the circumferential direction, and the second crushing assembly 12 is arranged at a set position of the front partition 311 at the bottom of the excavation bin 30 according to a certain rule and along the circumferential direction of the shield body 31, and forms a certain slag discharge cavity 36 with the front partition 311; the first crushing assembly 11 and the second crushing assembly 12 together constitute the in-bin conical crushing structure of the excavation bin 30.

[0064] In addition, the slurry shield machine also includes a circulation system 2 fixed inside the shield main machine 3 and an auxiliary system 4 connected to the shield main machine 3. The front end of the circulation system 2 is connected to the excavation chamber 30, and a pipe opening connected to the front end of the circulation system 2 is opened on the front partition 311, and the rear end of the circulation system 2 is connected to a mud pump and pipeline components; the auxiliary system 4 at least includes a shield trolley 41 arranged at the rear of the shield main machine 3, a pipeline extension system 42 arranged on the shield trolley 41, and all auxiliary and control systems that meet the normal operation of the shield machine.

[0065] In some embodiments, the circulation system 2 includes a main slurry discharge pipe 21, a slurry inlet pipe 22, a backwash pipe 23 and a connecting pipe 24. The front end of the main slurry discharge pipe 21 is connected to the slag discharge chamber 36, and the rear end of the main slurry discharge pipe 21 is sequentially connected to a main discharge valve 211, a slurry discharge pump 25 and a remaining pipeline assembly 27; the front end of the slurry inlet pipe 22 is connected to the upper part of the excavation chamber 30, and the rear end of the slurry inlet pipe 22 is sequentially connected to a second slurry inlet valve 222, a first slurry inlet valve 221, a slurry inlet pump and a remaining pipeline assembly 27; the front end of the backwash pipe 23 is connected to the slag discharge chamber 36, The rear end of the backwash pipe 23 is connected to the slurry inlet pipe 22. The backwash valve II 232, the backwash pump 26 and the backwash valve I 231 are connected to the backwash pipe 23 in sequence. The backwash pipe 23 is connected to the slurry inlet pipe 22 through the suction end pipeline of the backwash pump 26; the two ends of the connecting pipe 24 are respectively connected to the main slurry discharge pipe 21 and the slurry inlet pipe 22, that is, the main slurry discharge pipe 21 and the slurry inlet pipe 22 are connected by the connecting pipe 24, and a connecting pipe valve 241 is provided on the connecting pipe 24, and the connecting pipe valve 241 is used to control the connection and shutdown of the connecting pipe 24.

[0066] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 A slurry discharge pipe opening 210, two slurry inlet pipe openings 220 and two backwashing pipe openings 230 are provided on the front partition plate 311. The two backwashing pipe openings 230 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slurry discharge pipe opening 210, so as to flush the slag discharge chamber 36 to the greatest extent; the front port of the main slurry discharge pipe 21 is connected to the slurry discharge pipe opening 210, the front port of the slurry inlet pipe 22 is respectively connected to the two slurry inlet pipe openings 220, and the front port of the backwashing pipe 23 is connected to the two backwashing pipe openings 230.

[0067] It should be noted that the slurry discharge pipe opening 210 and the backwash pipe opening 230 are both arranged at the rear of the main crushing plate 121 and are connected to the slag discharge chamber 36 .

[0068] In some embodiments, the circulation system 2 also includes an auxiliary slurry discharge pipe 28, which is arranged in parallel with the front section of the main slurry discharge pipe 21. The front end of the auxiliary slurry discharge pipe 28 directly passes through the auxiliary crushing plate 123 of the second crushing assembly 12 and is connected to the excavation chamber 30, and the rear end of the auxiliary slurry discharge pipe 28 is connected to the rear section of the main slurry discharge pipe 21.

[0069] In addition, in order to prevent the front section of the auxiliary slurry discharge pipe 28 from being blocked by slag filling, an auxiliary flushing pipe can be shunted from the backwash pipe 23 to connect with the auxiliary slurry discharge pipe 28. Before starting the auxiliary drainage ring slag discharge construction mode, the front section of the auxiliary drainage pipe is first flushed and tested.

[0070] In summary, please refer to Figure 8-Figure 15 The slurry shield machine provided in the embodiment of the present application specifically includes the following construction modes when performing shield excavation of a small-diameter tunnel:

[0071] The first construction mode is the general circulation slag removal construction mode:

[0072] Please also read Figure 8 and Fig.12 When the shield tunnel section is in a high-pressure composite stratum with a large amount of round gravel and pebbles, the shield machine uses the general circulation slag removal construction mode. In this construction mode, the shield machine mainly crushes slag and rocks with high efficiency. At this time, the backwash pump 26, the backwash pipe 23 and the valve group on the connecting pipe 24 are all in a closed state, and the slurry inlet pipe 22, the slurry discharge pipe 21, the slurry discharge pump 25 and the remaining pipeline components 27 are all opened; the main drive 33 works and drives the cutter head 32 to rotate, and the slag excavated by the cutter head 32 falls between the crushing devices 1 in the excavation chamber 30. During the continuous rotation of the cutter head 32, the slag is continuously and uninterruptedly crushed into a set particle size and falls into the slag discharge chamber 36. Under the suction and discharge of the slurry discharge pump 25, the small-size slag in the slag discharge chamber 36 is mixed with the slurry supplied by the slurry inlet pipe 22 to form slurry, and is discharged out of the tunnel through the main slurry discharge pipe 21 and the remaining pipeline components 27; at the same time, the monitoring system and the pressure maintaining and regulating system in the auxiliary and control system are used to monitor the pressure changes in the excavation chamber 30 to ensure the stability of the heading face.

[0073] The second construction mode is the auxiliary discharge ring slag discharge construction mode:

[0074] Please also read Fig. 9 and Fig.13 When the shield tunneling section is in high water pressure composite strata such as clay, small-grained sand / gravel interlayer, etc., the shield machine uses the secondary drainage circulation slag removal construction mode for construction. In this construction mode, the shield machine mainly excavates with rapid slag removal. At this time, the backwash pump 26, the backwash pipe 23 and the valve group on the connecting pipe 24 are still in a closed state, the slurry inlet pipe 22, the auxiliary slurry discharge pipe 28, the auxiliary discharge valve 281, the slurry discharge pump 25 and the remaining pipeline components 27 are all opened, and then the main discharge valve 211 is closed; the main drive 33 works and drives the cutter head 32 to rotate, and the slag excavated by the cutter head 32 falls into the excavation chamber 30. During the continuous rotation of the cutter head 32, the slag is mixed with the slurry supplied by the slurry inlet pipe 22 to form slurry. Under the suction and discharge of the slurry discharge pump 25, the slurry is discharged out of the tunnel through the auxiliary slurry discharge pipe 28, the auxiliary discharge valve 281, the rear section of the main slurry discharge pipe 21 and the remaining pipeline components 27; at the same time, the monitoring system and the pressure maintaining and regulating system in the auxiliary and control system are used to monitor the pressure changes in the excavation chamber 30 to ensure the stability of the heading face.

[0075] The third construction mode is the reverse circulation slag discharge construction mode:

[0076] Please also read Fig.10 and Fig.14When the shield section is in a high-pressure composite stratum such as a building complex or an operating railway line with extremely strict settlement requirements, the shield machine uses a reverse circulation slag removal construction mode. In this mode, the shield machine mainly uses ultra-stable pressure wall protection and slag removal as a supplement. At this time, open the backwash valve I 231, backwash pump 26, backwash valve II 232, and connecting pipe valve 241, close the main discharge valve 211 and the first slurry inlet valve 221, and keep the other components unchanged. The slag excavated by the cutter head 32 enters the excavation chamber 30. During the continuous rotation of the cutter head 32, the slag is continuously and uninterruptedly crushed into a set particle size or less, and mixed with the slurry supplied from the slurry inlet pipe 22 in the excavation chamber 30 to form a suspended slurry; the suspended slurry slowly floats upward from the bottom of the excavation chamber 30 to the slurry inlet pipe 220 and penetrates forward, thereby performing secondary wall protection and pressure stabilization on the tunnel face; the suspended slurry rising to the slurry inlet pipe 220 is sucked and discharged by the slurry discharge pump 25, and the suspended slurry is discharged. The slurry is discharged out of the tunnel through the front section of the slurry inlet pipe 22, the connecting pipe 24, the rear section of the main slurry discharge pipe 21 and the remaining pipeline components 27, until the shield machine passes through the section with extremely strict settlement requirements. Then the first slurry inlet valve 221 and the main discharge valve 211 are opened, and the connecting pipe 24, the backwash pipe 23 and the backwash pump 26 are closed, and the shield machine switches to the general circulation slag discharge construction mode; at the same time, the pressure changes in the excavation chamber 30 are monitored through the monitoring system and the pressure maintaining and regulating system in the auxiliary and control system to ensure the stability of the heading face.

[0077] The fourth construction mode is the backwash construction mode:

[0078] Please also read Fig.11 and Fig.15 , when the crushing hole of the second crushing component 12 is blocked or slag is accumulated in the slag discharge chamber 36, the backwashing mode is turned on to clean it. In this mode, the shield mainly cleans the accumulated slag. At this time, the connecting pipe 24 is closed, and the main slurry discharge pipe 21, the slurry inlet pipe 22, the backwashing pipe 23, the slurry discharge pump 25, the backwashing pump 26 and the remaining pipeline assembly 27 are all opened normally; the slag blocks blocked in the crushing hole or the slag collected in the slag discharge chamber 36 are high-pressure washed through the backwashing pipe 23, and the blocked slag blocks washed away are crushed again under the rotation of the cutter head 32 and fall into the slag discharge chamber 36, and are discharged to the outside of the tunnel together with the remaining slurry by the slurry discharge pump 25 and the remaining pipeline assembly 27, until the blocked slag blocks and the slag are completely cleaned, the backwashing pump 26 and the backwashing pipe 23 are turned off, and the shield machine switches to the general circulation slag discharge construction mode; at the same time, the monitoring system and the pressure maintaining and regulating system in the auxiliary and control system are used to monitor the pressure changes in the excavation chamber 30 to ensure the stability of the face.

[0079] To sum up, the embodiment of the present application adopts the method of setting a crushing device 1 on the back of the normal pressure cutter disc 32 and the lower part of the excavation chamber 30. On the one hand, it can meet the normal pressure cutter change requirements of small-diameter shield machines. On the other hand, through the continuous rotation of the cutter disc 32, continuous crushing of slag and stone can be achieved, thereby solving the problem that it is difficult to arrange crushing equipment in a small-diameter shield machine chamber; at the same time, a backwash pipe 23 and a connecting pipe 24 are added to the circulation system 2, and multi-mode construction can be achieved according to different geological conditions, effectively solving the problem of weak stratum adaptability of traditional direct-controlled slurry balance shield machines, which can greatly improve construction efficiency and save construction costs.

[0080] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0081] The above is a detailed introduction to the slurry shield machine provided by the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the scheme and its core idea of ​​the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A slurry shield machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shield machine, wherein the shield machine comprises a shield body, a cutter disc and an excavation chamber surrounded by the shield body and the cutter disc, and further comprises a crushing device, wherein the crushing device is arranged in the excavation chamber, and the crushing device comprises a first crushing assembly and a second crushing assembly, wherein the first crushing assembly is arranged on the cutter disc and can rotate with the cutter disc, the second crushing assembly is arranged at the lower part of the front partition of the shield body and is arranged toward the first crushing assembly, and the second crushing assembly and the front partition form a slag discharge chamber; through the relative rotation of the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly, the slag stone falling between the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly is crushed into a set particle size and falls into the slag discharge chamber; The second crushing assembly comprises a main crushing plate, a wear plate, an auxiliary crushing plate and a sealing plate, each of the wear plates being inclined and spaced apart in the circumferential direction at the lower part of the front partition, two sealing plates being respectively arranged on the left and right outermost wear plates and the front partition, the main crushing plate being arranged between any two adjacent wear plates in the middle part of the second crushing assembly, each of the main crushing plates being provided with a slag discharge hole for allowing crushed stones to fall into the slag discharge cavity, and the auxiliary crushing plate being arranged between any two adjacent wear plates between the middle part of the second crushing assembly and the sealing plate; It also includes a circulation system, which includes a main slurry discharge pipe, a slurry inlet pipe, a backwash pipe and a connecting pipe. The main slurry discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge chamber, the slurry inlet pipe is connected to the upper part of the excavation chamber, the front end of the backwash pipe is connected to the slag discharge chamber, the rear end of the backwash pipe is connected to the slurry inlet pipe, and the two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the main slurry discharge pipe and the slurry inlet pipe; a slurry discharge pipe port, two slurry inlet ports and two backwash pipe ports are provided on the front baffle plate, and the two backwash pipe ports are connected to the left and right sides of the backwash pipe ports. The two slurry discharge pipes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the slurry discharge pipe opening, the front port of the main slurry discharge pipe is connected with the slurry discharge pipe opening, the front port of the slurry inlet pipe is respectively connected with the two slurry inlet pipe openings, and the front port of the backwash pipe is connected with the two backwash pipe openings; the circulation system also includes an auxiliary slurry discharge pipe, which is arranged in parallel with the front section of the main slurry discharge pipe, the front end of the auxiliary slurry discharge pipe is connected with the excavation bin after passing through the second crushing assembly, and the rear end of the auxiliary slurry discharge pipe is connected with the rear section of the main slurry discharge pipe.

2. The slurry shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter disc has a conical structure, and the first crushing components are arranged on the conical surface of the cutter disc along the circumferential direction and at intervals. The taper of the cutter disc after the first crushing components are arranged matches the taper formed by the second crushing components to achieve continuous shearing and crushing of slag and stone.

3. The slurry shield machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutter disc includes a plurality of cutter boxes, which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter disc, a cutter beam is arranged between any two adjacent cutter boxes, and each cutter box and each cutter beam is provided with the first crushing assembly.

4. The slurry shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distances between any two adjacent main crushing plates and the upper end surfaces of the wear-resistant plates are different.

5. The slurry shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag discharge hole is a conical hole, and the hole diameter of the conical hole on the side close to the first crushing component is smaller than the hole diameter of the conical hole on the side close to the slag discharge chamber.

6. The slurry shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second crushing components are distributed symmetrically along the circumferential direction of the front partition.

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