Photovoltaic-thermal system

Abstract

The present invention provides a photovoltaic-thermal system. The photovoltaic-thermal system includes: a photovoltaic module, which includes a photovoltaic panel, an inverter, an electric heater and a heat exchange system. A part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel is converted into alternating current by the inverter and supplied to the outside, and a part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel powers the electric heater; the heat exchange system includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger and a gas storage structure, and a part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel powers the compressor; a solar thermal module, which includes a reflector, a collector, a first oil storage structure and a second oil storage structure. The light is reflected by the reflector and then irradiates on the collector, and the oil flowing out of the first oil storage structure is heated by the collector and then enters the second oil storage structure; a turbine, which is communicated with the gas storage structure, and the gas discharged from the gas storage structure enters the turbine; a generator, which is electrically connected to the turbine, and the current generated by the generator is supplied to the outside. The present invention solves the problem that the adjustment of electric energy and heat in the existing photovoltaic-thermal system is relatively cumbersome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar energy, and more particularly, to a photovoltaic-thermal system. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the crisis of traditional energy and the increasingly deteriorating environment, it is imperative to develop new and renewable energy sources. In some high-energy-consuming application scenarios, such as lithium extraction from salt lakes and seawater desalination, when conventional power supply and heating are lacking, solar energy combined with energy storage technology can be used to achieve uninterrupted power supply and heating. Among them, when the ratio of the user's electricity demand to heat demand changes, the photovoltaic-thermal system needs to quickly respond to the demand and adjust the supply of electricity and heat according to the demand ratio.

[0003] However, in the prior art, the flexibility of the photovoltaic-thermal system is poor, resulting in difficult adjustment of electricity and heat, which affects the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic-thermal system to solve the problem of cumbersome adjustment of electricity and heat in the prior art photovoltaic-thermal system.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a photovoltaic-thermal system, comprising: a photovoltaic module, including a photovoltaic panel, an inverter, an electric heater, and a heat exchange system, the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the inverter, a part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel is converted into alternating current by the inverter and supplied to the outside, and a part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel is used to supply power to the electric heater; the heat exchange system includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger, and a gas storage structure, a part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel is used to supply power to the compressor, the gas compressed by the compressor enters the first heat exchanger for heat exchange and is buffered in the gas storage structure; a solar thermal module, including a reflector, a collector, a first oil storage structure, and a second oil storage structure, the light is reflected by the reflector and irradiated on the collector, the collector is connected to both the first oil storage structure and the second oil storage structure, the oil flowing out of the first oil storage structure is heated by the collector and then enters the second oil storage structure; a turbine, communicating with the gas storage structure, the gas discharged from the gas storage structure can enter the turbine; a generator, electrically connected to the turbine, and the current generated by the generator is used to supply power to the outside.

[0006] Further, the photovoltaic module further includes: an electric boiler, the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the electric boiler, a part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel is used to supply power to the electric boiler, and the electric boiler is used to provide steam.

[0007] Further, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes: a water supply pipeline; a gas storage pipeline communicating with the exhaust port of the electric boiler; a first pipeline, the water supply pipeline is communicated with the gas storage pipeline through the first pipeline; a second heat exchanger disposed on the first pipeline, and the oil liquid discharged from the second oil storage structure enters the second heat exchanger to heat the water flowing through the first pipeline.

[0008] Further, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes: a second pipeline, the first oil storage structure is communicated with the collector through the second pipeline; a third pipeline, the second oil storage structure is communicated with the collector through the third pipeline; a fourth pipeline, both ends of the fourth pipeline are respectively communicated with the second pipeline and the third pipeline; a first heat exchanger is disposed on the fourth pipeline for heating the oil liquid flowing through the fourth pipeline; a first pump body structure disposed on the second pipeline for pumping the oil liquid in the first oil storage structure into the collector; and / or disposed on the fourth pipeline for pumping the oil liquid in the first oil storage structure into the first heat exchanger through the fourth pipeline.

[0009] Further, the photovoltaic module further includes: a fifth pipeline, both ends of the fifth pipeline are respectively communicated with the second pipeline and the third pipeline, and an electric heater is disposed on the fifth pipeline for heating the oil liquid flowing through the fifth pipeline.

[0010] Further, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes: a sixth pipeline, the oil outlet of the second oil storage structure is communicated with the oil inlet of the first oil storage structure through the sixth pipeline, and a second heat exchanger is disposed on the sixth pipeline; a second pump body structure disposed on the sixth pipeline; a seventh pipeline, both ends of the seventh pipeline are communicated with the sixth pipeline; a third heat exchanger disposed on the seventh pipeline.

[0011] Further, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes: an eighth pipeline, the turbine is communicated with the air outlet of the gas storage structure through the eighth pipeline, and the third heat exchanger heats the gas flowing through the eighth pipeline.

[0012] Further, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes: a ninth pipeline, the first heat exchanger is communicated with the air inlet of the gas storage structure through the ninth pipeline; a first valve disposed on the ninth pipeline for controlling the on-off state of the ninth pipeline; a second valve disposed on the eighth pipeline for controlling the on-off state of the eighth pipeline; wherein, the photovoltaic-thermal system has a first mode and a second mode. When the photovoltaic-thermal system is in the first mode, a current is generated on the photovoltaic panel and the light is reflected by the reflector and then irradiated on the collector, the first valve is in the open state and the second valve is in the closed state; when the photovoltaic-thermal system is in the second mode, the first valve is in the closed state and the second valve is in the open state.

[0013] Further, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes: a third valve disposed on the fifth pipeline for controlling the on-off state of the fifth pipeline; a fourth valve disposed on the fifth pipeline for controlling the on-off state of the fifth pipeline; the third valve and the fourth valve are respectively located on both sides of the electric heater; and / or, a fifth valve disposed on the fourth pipeline for controlling the on-off state of the fourth pipeline; a sixth valve disposed on the fourth pipeline for controlling the on-off state of the fourth pipeline; the fifth valve and the sixth valve are respectively located on both sides of the first heat exchanger.

[0014] Further, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes: a seventh valve disposed on the seventh pipeline for controlling the on-off state of the seventh pipeline; an eighth valve disposed on the seventh pipeline for controlling the on-off state of the seventh pipeline; the seventh valve and the eighth valve are respectively located on both sides of the third heat exchanger; and / or, a ninth valve disposed on the sixth pipeline for controlling the on-off state of the sixth pipeline; a tenth valve disposed on the sixth pipeline for controlling the on-off state of the sixth pipeline; the ninth valve and the tenth valve are respectively located on both sides of the second heat exchanger.

[0015] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, the photovoltaic-thermal system includes a photovoltaic module, a solar thermal module, a turbine and a generator. The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic panel, an inverter, an electric heater and a heat exchange system. The current generated on the photovoltaic panel is converted into alternating current by the inverter and then supplied to the outside, and is also supplied to the electric heater and the compressor. The solar thermal module includes a reflector, a collector, a first oil storage structure and a second oil storage structure. The light is reflected by the reflector and then irradiated on the collector. The oil flowing out of the first oil storage structure is heated by the collector and then enters the second oil storage structure. In this way, during the operation of the photovoltaic-thermal system, when the user's demand for electric energy is greater than the thermal energy, the photovoltaic module and the solar thermal module can be controlled to be put into use, and the thermal power generation unit is composed of the turbine and the generator; when the user's demand for electric energy is less than the thermal energy, only the solar thermal module can be controlled to be put into use, so that it is easier and more convenient for the user to adjust the electric energy and heat in the photovoltaic-thermal system, thereby solving the problem that the adjustment of the electric energy and heat in the existing photovoltaic-thermal system is relatively cumbersome, and improving the user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The specification drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the photovoltaic-thermal system according to the present invention is shown.

[0018] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0019] 1. Sunlight; 2. Photovoltaic panel; 3. Electric boiler; 4. Electric heater; 5. Inverter; 6. Busbar; 7. Motor; 8. Water supply pipeline; 9. Third pump body structure; 10. Eleventh valve; 11. Electric boiler liquid inlet; 12. Electric boiler exhaust port; 13. Gas storage pipeline; 14. First oil storage structure; 15. First pump body structure; 16. Third valve; 17. Fourth valve; 18. Second oil storage structure; 19. Compressor; 20. Compressor air inlet; 21. First heat exchanger; 22. First valve; 23. Gas storage structure; 24. Fifth valve; 25. Sixth valve; 26. Reflector; 27. Collector; 28. Twelfth valve; 29. Thirteenth valve; 30. Second pump body structure; 31. Ninth valve; 32. Second heat exchanger; 33. Tenth valve; 34. Fourth pump body structure; 35. Fourteenth valve; 36. Second valve; 37. Third heat exchanger; 38. Turbine; 39. Generator; 40. Turbine outlet; 41. Seventh valve; 42. Eighth valve; 51. First pipeline; 52. Second pipeline; 53. Third pipeline; 54. Fourth pipeline; 55. Fifth pipeline; 56. Sixth pipeline; 57. Seventh pipeline; 58. Eighth pipeline; 59. Ninth pipeline. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0021] It should be pointed out that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0022] In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the orientation terms such as "upper" and "lower" are usually in the directions shown in the drawings, or in the vertical, perpendicular or gravitational directions; similarly, for the convenience of understanding and description, "left" and "right" are usually in the left and right shown in the drawings; "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of the respective components, but the above orientation terms do not limit the present invention.

[0023] In order to solve the problem that the adjustment of electric energy and heat in the existing photovoltaic-thermal system is relatively cumbersome, the present application provides a photovoltaic-thermal system.

[0024] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the photovoltaic-thermal system includes a photovoltaic module, a solar thermal module, a turbine 38, and a generator 39. Among them, the photovoltaic module includes photovoltaic panels 2, an inverter 5, an electric heater 4, and a heat exchange system. The photovoltaic panels 2 are electrically connected to the inverter 5. A part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panels 2 is converted into alternating current by the inverter 5 and supplied to the outside, and a part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panels 2 is used to supply power to the electric heater 4. The heat exchange system includes a compressor 19, a first heat exchanger 21, and a gas storage structure 23. A part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panels 2 is used to supply power to the compressor 19. The gas compressed by the compressor 19 enters the first heat exchanger 21 for heat exchange and is buffered in the gas storage structure 23. The solar thermal module includes a reflector 26, a collector 27, a first oil storage structure 14, and a second oil storage structure 18. The light is reflected by the reflector 26 and then irradiates on the collector 27. The collector 27 is connected to both the first oil storage structure 14 and the second oil storage structure 18. The oil flowing out of the first oil storage structure 14 is heated by the collector 27 and then enters the second oil storage structure 18. The turbine 38 is communicated with the gas storage structure 23, and the gas discharged from the gas storage structure 23 can enter the turbine 38. The generator 39 is electrically connected to the turbine 38, and the current generated by the generator 39 is used to supply power to the outside.

[0025] Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, the photovoltaic-thermal system includes a photovoltaic module, a solar thermal module, a turbine 38, and a generator 39. The photovoltaic module includes photovoltaic panels 2, an inverter 5, an electric heater 4, and a heat exchange system. The current generated on the photovoltaic panels 2 is converted into alternating current by the inverter 5 and supplied to the outside, and is also used to supply power to the electric heater 4 and the compressor 19. The solar thermal module includes a reflector 26, a collector 27, a first oil storage structure 14, and a second oil storage structure 18. The light is reflected by the reflector 26 and then irradiates on the collector 27. The oil flowing out of the first oil storage structure 14 is heated by the collector 27 and then enters the second oil storage structure 18. In this way, during the operation of the photovoltaic-thermal system, when the user's demand for electric energy is greater than the demand for heat energy, both the photovoltaic module and the solar thermal module can be controlled to be put into use, and a thermal power generation unit is formed by the turbine 38 and the generator 39; when the user's demand for electric energy is less than the demand for heat energy, only the solar thermal module can be controlled to be put into use, so that it is easier and more convenient for the user to adjust the electric energy and heat in the photovoltaic-thermal system, thereby solving the problem that the adjustment of the electric energy and heat in the existing photovoltaic-thermal system is relatively cumbersome, and improving the user experience.

[0026] In this embodiment, the compressed gas discharged from the gas storage structure 23 enters the turbine 38, so as to realize the power supply function of the solar thermal module through the combination of the turbine 38 and the generator 39.

[0027] In this embodiment, the sunlight 1 irradiates on the reflector 26, and the reflected light converges and then irradiates on the collector 27 to heat the collector 27. Among them, the inside of the collector 27 has a medium heat transfer channel.

[0028] Optionally, the medium is heat-conducting oil or liquid molten salt, etc.

[0029] In this embodiment, the generator 39 generates alternating current and directly feeds it into the busbar 6 for external power supply.

[0030] Optionally, the collector 27 is of tower type, trough type, dish type, or linear Fresnel type.

[0031] As Figure 1 shown, the photovoltaic module further includes an electric boiler 3. Among them, the photovoltaic panel 2 is electrically connected to the electric boiler 3. A part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel 2 is used to supply power to the electric boiler 3, and the electric boiler 3 is used to provide water vapor. In this way, when sunlight is sufficient, the photovoltaic-thermal system can utilize solar energy to generate electricity and store electricity, as well as generate heat and store heat. The water vapor generated by the electric boiler 3 can provide heat for users to achieve the heating function of the photovoltaic module.

[0032] Specifically, when the electric boiler 3 is started, the water in the water supply pipeline 8 is pumped by the third pump structure 9 and enters the liquid inlet of the electric boiler 11 through the eleventh valve 10 to supply water to the electric boiler 3. After the water is heated into water vapor, it flows out from the exhaust port 12 of the electric boiler and enters the gas storage pipeline 13 for external supply of water vapor.

[0033] Optionally, the electric boiler 3 is a resistance boiler or an electrode boiler.

[0034] In this embodiment, sunlight 1 irradiates on the photovoltaic panel 2 to generate direct current, and the direct current is divided into the following four paths: (1) supplying power to the electric boiler 3 to generate water vapor; (2) supplying power to the electric heater 4 to heat the heat storage medium (such as heat-conducting oil); (3) being converted into alternating current by the inverter 5 and then fed into the busbar 6 for external power supply; (4) being converted into alternating current by the inverter 5 and then supplying power to the motor 7 to drive the compressor 19 to operate through the motor 7. Among them, the above four parts of electric energy can be allocated according to the actual needs of electric energy and water vapor, and the proportion of each part can be between 0 and 100%, and the sum of the four is 100%.

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes a water supply pipeline 8, a gas storage pipeline 13, a first pipeline 51 and a second heat exchanger 32. Among them, the gas storage pipeline 13 is communicated with the exhaust port of the electric boiler 3. The water supply pipeline 8 is communicated with the gas storage pipeline 13 through the first pipeline 51. The second heat exchanger 32 is arranged on the first pipeline 51, and the oil liquid discharged from the second oil storage structure 18 enters the second heat exchanger 32 to heat the water flowing through the first pipeline 51. In this way, during the operation of the second heat exchanger 32, the water flowing through the first pipeline 51 can be heated. After the water is heated and vaporized into water vapor, it enters the gas storage pipeline 13 to provide water vapor for users.

[0036] Specifically, the electric boiler 3 is used to provide steam, and the water supplied by the water supply pipeline 8 forms steam after heat exchange through the second heat exchanger 32 to provide heat for users.

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes a second pipeline 52, a third pipeline 53, a fourth pipeline 54 and a first pump structure 15. Among them, the first oil storage structure 14 is connected to the collector 27 through the second pipeline 52. The second oil storage structure 18 is connected to the collector 27 through the third pipeline 53. Both ends of the fourth pipeline 54 are respectively connected to the second pipeline 52 and the third pipeline 53. The first heat exchanger 21 is disposed on the fourth pipeline 54 for heating the oil flowing through the fourth pipeline 54. The first pump structure 15 is disposed on the second pipeline 52 to pump the oil in the first oil storage structure 14 into the collector 27; and / or, the first pump structure 15 is disposed on the fourth pipeline 54 to pump the oil in the first oil storage structure 14 into the first heat exchanger 21 through the fourth pipeline 54. In this way, the low-temperature oil in the second pipeline 52 is pumped into the collector 27 by the first pump structure 15. After the low-temperature oil exchanges heat with the collector 27, it is transformed into high-temperature oil, and the high-temperature oil enters the second oil storage structure 18 through the third pipeline 53. At the same time, part of the low-temperature oil in the second pipeline 52 enters the fourth pipeline 54 and exchanges heat with the first heat exchanger 21 to be heated by the first heat exchanger 21. After the heating is completed, the oil is transformed into high-temperature oil and then enters the third pipeline 53 and flows into the second oil storage structure 18.

[0038] In this embodiment, the first pump structure 15 is disposed on the second pipeline 52 to pump the low-temperature oil in the first oil storage structure 14 into the collector 27 for heat exchange with the collector 27. Specifically, after the compressor 19 is started, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas formed after compression by the compressor 19 enters the first heat exchanger 21 and exchanges heat with the first heat exchanger 21, and finally is cached in the gas storage structure 23. Among them, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the hot side of the first heat exchanger 21, and the fourth pipeline 54 is disposed on the cold side of the first heat exchanger 21. During the process of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flowing through the first heat exchanger 21, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas heats the oil flowing through the fourth pipeline 54 so that the above-mentioned oil is transformed into high-temperature oil and then enters the second oil storage structure 18.

[0039] Specifically, the first oil storage structure 14 stores low-temperature heat-conducting oil. When the electric heater 4 is started, part of the low-temperature heat-conducting oil is pumped by the first pump structure 15 into the collector 27, and part of the low-temperature heat-conducting oil enters the electric heater 4 through the third valve 16. The electric heater 4 has a flow channel for the heat-conducting oil, and the heat-conducting oil is heated inside the electric heater 4. The heat-conducting oil with increased temperature enters the second oil storage structure 18 through the fourth valve 17 for storage. Among them, in the above process, electrical energy is converted into the heat energy of the heat-conducting oil, and the heat energy can be stored.

[0040] As Figure 1 shown, the photovoltaic module further includes a fifth pipeline 55. Wherein, both ends of the fifth pipeline 55 are respectively communicated with the second pipeline 52 and the third pipeline 53, and the electric heater 4 is arranged on the fifth pipeline 55 for heating the oil flowing through the fifth pipeline 55. In this way, part of the low-temperature oil in the second pipeline 52 can enter the fifth pipeline 55, and the electric heater 4 heats the low-temperature oil flowing through the fifth pipeline 55, so that the above-mentioned oil turns into high-temperature oil and then enters the second oil storage structure 18 through the third pipeline 53.

[0041] In this embodiment, the fifth pipeline 55 is arranged in parallel with the fourth pipeline 54.

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes a sixth pipeline 56, a second pump structure 30, a seventh pipeline 57 and a third heat exchanger 37. Wherein, the oil outlet of the second oil storage structure 18 is communicated with the oil inlet of the first oil storage structure 14 through the sixth pipeline 56, and the second heat exchanger 32 is arranged on the sixth pipeline 56. The second pump structure 30 is arranged on the sixth pipeline 56. Both ends of the seventh pipeline 57 are communicated with the sixth pipeline 56. The third heat exchanger 37 is arranged on the seventh pipeline 57. In this way, the high-temperature oil entering the sixth pipeline 56 is pumped into the first oil storage structure 14 through the second pump structure 30 to realize the circulating flow of the oil between the first oil storage structure 14 and the second oil storage structure 18 and avoid oil waste. At the same time, the second heat exchanger 32 can exchange heat with the high-temperature oil flowing through the sixth pipeline 56 to heat the water flowing through the first pipeline 51. After the water is heated and vaporized, it enters the gas storage pipeline 13 to provide water vapor for users.

[0043] Specifically, the second pump structure 30 is located between the second oil storage structure 18 and the second heat exchanger 32. The sixth pipeline 56 is arranged on the hot side of the second heat exchanger 32, and the first pipeline 51 is arranged on the cold side of the second heat exchanger 32. The high-temperature oil entering the sixth pipeline 56 exchanges heat with the water entering the first pipeline 51, so that the water evaporates into water vapor and then enters the gas storage pipeline 13.

[0044] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes an eighth pipeline 58. Among them, the turbine 38 is communicated with the air outlet of the gas storage structure 23 through the eighth pipeline 58, and the third heat exchanger 37 heats the gas flowing through the eighth pipeline 58. In this way, the gas discharged from the air outlet of the gas storage structure 23 enters the turbine 38 through the eighth pipeline 58 to provide high-temperature gas for the turbine 38. The high-temperature gas does work in the turbine 38 so that the generator 39 can generate electricity. At the same time, a part of the high-temperature oil liquid discharged from the second oil storage structure 18 enters the first oil storage structure 14 through the seventh pipeline 57, exchanges heat with the gas in the eighth pipeline 58 through the third heat exchanger 37, and heats the above gas. The heated gas enters the turbine 38 through the eighth pipeline 58.

[0045] As Figure 1 shown in the figure, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes a ninth pipeline 59, a first valve 22 and a second valve 36. The first heat exchanger 21 is communicated with the air inlet of the gas storage structure 23 through the ninth pipeline 59. The first valve 22 is arranged on the ninth pipeline 59 to control the on-off state of the ninth pipeline 59. The second valve 36 is arranged on the eighth pipeline 58 to control the on-off state of the eighth pipeline 58. Among them, the photovoltaic-thermal system has a first mode and a second mode. When the photovoltaic-thermal system is in the first mode, current is generated on the photovoltaic panel 2 and the light is reflected by the reflector 26 and then irradiates on the collector 27. The first valve 22 is in the open state and the second valve 36 is in the closed state. When the photovoltaic-thermal system is in the second mode, the first valve 22 is in the closed state and the second valve 36 is in the open state. In this way, by controlling the opening and closing states of the first valve 22 and the second valve 36, the photovoltaic-thermal system can be freely switched between the first mode and the second mode to meet different usage requirements and working conditions.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the motor 7 starts, the motor 7 drives the compressor 19 to operate, so that air enters the compressor 19 from the compressor air inlet 20. The compressed high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the hot side of the first heat exchanger 21, releases heat to the cold side and then the temperature decreases, and then enters the gas storage structure 23 through the first valve 22 for storage. The low-temperature heat-conducting oil in the first oil storage structure 14 is driven by the first pump body structure 15 to enter the cold side of the first heat exchanger 21 through the fifth valve 24. The heat-conducting oil absorbs the heat of the air on the hot side and then the temperature increases, and then enters the second oil storage structure 18 through the sixth valve 25 for storage. Among them, the above process can realize the conversion of electric energy into the heat energy of the heat-conducting oil and store the heat energy, and at the same time, the conversion of electric energy into the pressure energy of compressed air and store the pressure energy.

[0047] Optionally, the gas storage structure 23 is a container such as a salt cavern, a cave, a gas cylinder, or pipeline steel.

[0048] Specifically, the photovoltaic-thermal system is divided into a daytime mode and a nighttime mode. The daytime mode is applicable to daytime conditions with sufficient sunlight, and the nighttime mode is applicable to nighttime or daytime conditions with insufficient sunlight. When the photovoltaic-thermal system is in the daytime mode, the first valve 22 is in the open state and the second valve 36 is in the closed state. The gas compressed by the compressor 19 is buffered in the gas storage structure 23 after passing through the first heat exchanger 21. When the photovoltaic-thermal system is in the nighttime mode, the first valve 22 is in the closed state and the second valve 36 is in the open state. The high-pressure gas buffered in the gas storage structure 23 enters the cold side of the third heat exchanger 37 through the second valve 36, absorbs the heat on the hot side of the third heat exchanger 37 and then increases in temperature, and then enters the turbine 38 to do work. The turbine 38 drives the generator 39 to operate, and the generated electric energy is fed into the busbar 6. Among them, when the sunlight is sufficient, the photovoltaic-thermal system generates electricity through photovoltaic power generation and heat through photothermal conversion, and stores energy for use in the nighttime mode at the same time. The electric energy can be supplied to the outside and drive electrical equipment, and the heat energy can be used to heat water to generate steam. When the sunlight is insufficient, the photovoltaic-thermal system uses the heat energy stored in the heat-conducting oil and the pressure energy stored in the compressed air to generate electricity and heat, and the heat energy can also be used to heat water to generate steam.

[0049] In this embodiment, the low-pressure air discharged from the turbine 38 is discharged from the turbine outlet 40 to the environment.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first valve 22 can have the functions of on-off and flow rate adjustment according to actual needs, and the second valve 36 can have the functions of on-off and flow rate adjustment according to actual needs.

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes a third valve 16 and a fourth valve 17. The third valve 16 is arranged on the fifth pipeline 55 to control the on-off state of the fifth pipeline 55. The fourth valve 17 is arranged on the fifth pipeline 55 to control the on-off state of the fifth pipeline 55; the third valve 16 and the fourth valve 17 are respectively located on both sides of the electric heater 4; and / or, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes a fifth valve 24 and a sixth valve 25. The fifth valve 24 is arranged on the fourth pipeline 54 to control the on-off state of the fourth pipeline 54. The sixth valve 25 is arranged on the fourth pipeline 54 to control the on-off state of the fourth pipeline 54; the fifth valve 24 and the sixth valve 25 are respectively located on both sides of the first heat exchanger 21. In this way, the on-off state of the fifth pipeline 55, the flow rate and velocity of the oil in the fifth pipeline 55 are adjusted through the third valve 16 and the fourth valve 17 to meet different usage requirements and working conditions. The on-off state of the fourth pipeline 54, the flow rate and velocity of the oil in the fourth pipeline 54 are adjusted through the fifth valve 24 and the sixth valve 25 to meet different usage requirements and working conditions, thereby improving the applicability of the photovoltaic-thermal system.

[0052] Specifically, when the electric heater 4 is put into use, the third valve 16 and the fourth valve 17 are both controlled to be in the open state to ensure that the electric heater 4 can heat the oil in the fifth pipeline 55. When the compressor 19 is put into use, the fifth valve 24 and the sixth valve 25 are both controlled to be in the open state to ensure that the first heat exchanger 21 can exchange heat with the oil in the fourth pipeline 54 to heat the low-temperature oil flowing through the fourth pipeline 54.

[0053] As Figure 1 shown, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes a seventh valve 41 and an eighth valve 42. Among them, the seventh valve 41 is arranged on the seventh pipeline 57 to control the on-off state of the seventh pipeline 57. The eighth valve 42 is arranged on the seventh pipeline 57 to control the on-off state of the seventh pipeline 57; the seventh valve 41 and the eighth valve 42 are respectively located on both sides of the third heat exchanger 37; and / or, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes a ninth valve 31 and a tenth valve 33. Among them, the ninth valve 31 is arranged on the sixth pipeline 56 to control the on-off state of the sixth pipeline 56. The tenth valve 33 is arranged on the sixth pipeline 56 to control the on-off state of the sixth pipeline 56; the ninth valve 31 and the tenth valve 33 are respectively located on both sides of the second heat exchanger 32. In this way, the on-off state of the seventh pipeline 57, the flow rate and velocity of the oil in the fifth pipeline 55 are adjusted through the seventh valve 41 and the eighth valve 42 to meet different usage requirements and working conditions. The on-off state of the sixth pipeline 56, the flow rate and velocity of the oil in the sixth pipeline 56 are adjusted through the ninth valve 31 and the tenth valve 33 to meet different usage requirements and working conditions.

[0054] Specifically, when the turbine 38 is put into use, the seventh valve 41 and the eighth valve 42 are both controlled to be in the open state to ensure that the third heat exchanger 37 can exchange heat with the gas in the eighth pipeline 58 to heat the gas flowing through the eighth pipeline 58. By controlling the ninth valve 31 and the tenth valve 33 to be in the open state, it is ensured that the second heat exchanger 32 can exchange heat with the water in the first pipeline 51 so that the water evaporates into water vapor and enters the gas storage pipeline 13 to provide water vapor for users.

[0055] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic-thermal system includes a photovoltaic module (solar photovoltaic unit), a solar thermal module (solar concentrating and heat collection unit), a heat exchange system (compressed air energy storage unit and the first heat exchanger 21), a power generation unit (turbine 38 and generator 39), and an electric boiler 3 (steam generation unit). The photovoltaic-thermal system can utilize solar energy to supply power and heat externally. Among them, the heat supply is achieved by heating water to provide steam externally. When sunlight is sufficient, the photovoltaic-thermal system can store electrical energy and thermal energy while supplying power and heat, and release them when sunlight is insufficient. In this way, the photovoltaic-thermal system is mainly used to solve the problems of continuous and stable power supply and heat supply in some areas with rich solar energy resources but weak power grids, and has the following advantages: (1) Flexibly adjust the power supply and heat supply ratio to adapt to various application scenarios or working modes; (2) Combine photovoltaic power heating and concentrating heat production to achieve complementary heat supply; (3) The heat storage unit and the compressed air energy storage unit share the gas storage structure to achieve a compact design, saving investment and land occupation. Among them, as Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 the dotted lines of the connection lines in

[0056] represent the current path, and the solid lines represent the paths of the working medium and the medium.

[0057] Solar light 1 irradiates the photovoltaic panel 2 to generate direct current. A part of the direct current powers the electric boiler 3 to generate steam for users. A part of the direct current powers the electric heater 4 to heat the heat storage medium (such as heat-conducting oil). A part of the direct current is converted into alternating current by the inverter 5 and then fed into the busbar 6 for external power supply. A part of the direct current is converted into alternating current by the inverter 5 and powers the motor 7 to drive the compressor 19 to operate through the motor 7. Solar light 1 irradiates the reflector 26, and the reflected light converges and then irradiates the collector 27 to heat the collector 27. The medium inside the collector 27 absorbs heat in the collector 27 and its temperature rises. Driven by the first pump structure 15, the heat-conducting oil stored in the first oil storage structure 14 enters the collector 27 through the twelfth valve 28 to absorb heat, so that the temperature of the heat-conducting oil rises, and then enters the second oil storage structure 18 through the thirteenth valve 29 for storage. Among them, the above process can realize the conversion of solar radiant energy into the heat energy of the heat-conducting oil and store the heat energy. In the above process, the heat generated by the electric heater 4, the compression heat generated by the compressor 19, and the heat radiation received by the collector 27 are all absorbed and stored by the heat-conducting oil as the heat storage medium. The designed capacities of the first oil storage structure 14 and the second oil storage structure 18 can meet the storage capacity of the heat-conducting oil when the electric heater 4, the compressor 19, and the collector 27 are working at full load simultaneously. The above three processes of heating the heat-conducting oil all heat the heat-conducting oil to the same temperature, and the flow ratio of the heat-conducting oil in the pipeline can be adjusted through the valves on each pipeline according to the actual heat requirement and the system operation requirements. The proportion of each part can be between 0 and 100%, and the sum of the three is 100%.

[0058] In the above process, the heat generated by the collector 27 is stored by the heat-conducting oil on one side, and on the other side, the heat-conducting oil is used to heat water to generate steam. The heat-conducting oil stored in the second oil storage structure 18 enters the hot side of the second heat exchanger 32 through the ninth valve 31 under the drive of the second pump structure 30, releases heat to the cold side, and then returns to the first oil storage structure 14 through the tenth valve 33. The water in the water supply pipeline 8 enters the cold side of the second heat exchanger 32 through the fourteenth valve 35 under the drive of the fourth pump structure 34, vaporizes into steam after absorbing the heat of the heat-conducting oil on the hot side, and then enters the gas storage pipeline 13.

[0059] Specifically, when the photovoltaic-thermal system is in the night mode (the second mode), the working principle of the photovoltaic-thermal system is as follows:

[0060] The second valve 36 is controlled to be in the open state and the first valve 22 is controlled to be in the closed state. The high-pressure air buffered in the gas storage structure 23 enters the cold side of the third heat exchanger 37 through the second valve 36, absorbs the heat on the hot side and then increases in temperature. After that, it enters the turbine 38 to do work, and the turbine drives the generator 39 to operate, and the generated electric energy is fed into the bus 6. Among them, the above process can realize power generation by using the thermal energy and air pressure energy stored in the daytime mode. The high-temperature heat-conducting oil in the second oil storage structure 18 flows to two branches driven by the second pump body structure 30: (1) It enters the hot side of the third heat exchanger 37 through the seventh valve 41, releases heat to the cold side to heat the air, and then returns to the first oil storage structure 14 through the eighth valve 42; (2) It enters the hot side of the second heat exchanger 32 through the ninth valve 31, releases heat to the cold side and then returns to the first oil storage structure 14 through the tenth valve 33. In this way, the function of branch (1) is to heat the compressed air flowing out of the gas storage structure 23 for power generation; the function of branch (2) is to heat the water on the cold side of the second heat exchanger 32, and this process is the same as that in the daytime mode to generate water vapor. For the above two processes of heat-conducting oil releasing heat, the flow ratio of the heat-conducting oil can be adjusted according to the actual needs of power supply and heat supply and the system operation requirements. The ratio of each part can be between 0 and 100%, and the sum of the two is 100%.

[0061] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0062] The photovoltaic-thermal system includes a photovoltaic module, a solar-thermal module, a turbine and a generator. The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic panel, an inverter, an electric heater and a heat exchange system. The current generated on the photovoltaic panel is converted into alternating current by the inverter and then supplied to the outside, and also supplied to the electric heater and the compressor. The solar-thermal module includes a reflector, a collector, a first oil storage structure and a second oil storage structure. The light is reflected by the reflector and then irradiated on the collector. The oil flowing out of the first oil storage structure is heated by the collector and then enters the second oil storage structure. In this way, during the operation of the photovoltaic-thermal system, when the user's demand for electric energy is greater than the demand for thermal energy, the photovoltaic module and the solar-thermal module can be controlled to be put into use, and a thermal power generation unit composed of a turbine and a generator can be formed; when the user's demand for electric energy is less than the demand for thermal energy, only the solar-thermal module can be controlled to be put into use, so that it is easier and more convenient for the user to adjust the electric energy and heat in the photovoltaic-thermal system, thereby solving the problem that the adjustment of electric energy and heat in the existing photovoltaic-thermal system is relatively cumbersome and improving the user experience.

[0063] Obviously, the above-described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0064] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0065] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and above-mentioned drawings of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order different from those illustrated or described herein.

[0066] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal system, characterized in that, it includes: A photovoltaic module, including a photovoltaic panel (2), an inverter (5), an electric heater (4) and a heat exchange system. The photovoltaic panel (2) is electrically connected to the inverter (5). A part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel (2) is converted into alternating current by the inverter (5) and supplied to the outside. A part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel (2) is used to supply power to the electric heater (4). The heat exchange system includes a compressor (19), a first heat exchanger (21) and a gas storage structure (23). A part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel (2) is used to supply power to the compressor (19); A ninth pipeline (59). The first heat exchanger (21) is communicated with the air inlet of the gas storage structure (23) through the ninth pipeline (59). The gas compressed by the compressor (19) enters the first heat exchanger (21) through the ninth pipeline (59) for heat exchange and is buffered in the gas storage structure (23); A solar thermal module, including a reflector (26), a collector (27), a first oil storage structure (14) and a second oil storage structure (18). The light is reflected by the reflector (26) and then irradiates on the collector (27). The collector (27) is connected to both the first oil storage structure (14) and the second oil storage structure (18). The oil flowing out of the first oil storage structure (14) is heated by the collector (27) and then enters the second oil storage structure (18) through a preset pipeline; A turbine (38), communicated with the gas storage structure (23). The gas discharged from the gas storage structure (23) enters the turbine (38); A generator (39), electrically connected to the turbine (38). The current generated by the generator (39) is used to supply power to the outside; wherein, the electric heater (4) and the first heat exchanger (21) heat the oil flowing out of the first oil storage structure (14). When the user's demand for electric energy is greater than the thermal energy, control both the photovoltaic module and the solar thermal module to be put into use. When the user's demand for electric energy is less than the thermal energy, only control the solar thermal module to be put into use.

2. The photovoltaic-thermal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the photovoltaic module further includes: An electric boiler (3). The photovoltaic panel (2) is electrically connected to the electric boiler (3). A part of the current generated on the photovoltaic panel (2) is used to supply power to the electric boiler (3). The electric boiler (3) is used to provide steam.

3. The photovoltaic-thermal system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the photovoltaic-thermal system further includes: A water supply pipeline (8); A gas storage pipeline (13), communicated with the exhaust port of the electric boiler (3); A first pipeline (51). The water supply pipeline (8) is communicated with the gas storage pipeline (13) through the first pipeline (51); The second heat exchanger (32) is arranged on the first pipeline (51), and the oil discharged from the second oil storage structure (18) enters the second heat exchanger (32) to heat the water flowing through the first pipeline (51).

4. The photovoltaic-thermal system according to claim 1, wherein, the photovoltaic-thermal system further comprises: a second pipeline (52), through which the first oil storage structure (14) is communicated with the collector (27); a third pipeline (53), through which the second oil storage structure (18) is communicated with the collector (27); the preset pipeline includes a fourth pipeline (54), and both ends of the fourth pipeline (54) are respectively communicated with the second pipeline (52) and the third pipeline (53); the first heat exchanger (21) is arranged on the fourth pipeline (54) to heat the oil flowing through the fourth pipeline (54); a first pump structure (15), arranged on the second pipeline (52) to pump the oil in the first oil storage structure (14) into the collector (27); and / or, arranged on the fourth pipeline (54) to pump the oil in the first oil storage structure (14) into the first heat exchanger (21) through the fourth pipeline (54).

5. The photovoltaic-thermal system according to claim 4, wherein, the preset pipeline further comprises: a fifth pipeline (55), both ends of the fifth pipeline (55) are respectively communicated with the second pipeline (52) and the third pipeline (53), and the electric heater (4) is arranged on the fifth pipeline (55) to heat the oil flowing through the fifth pipeline (55).

6. The photovoltaic-thermal system according to claim 3, wherein, the photovoltaic-thermal system further comprises: a sixth pipeline (56), the oil outlet of the second oil storage structure (18) is communicated with the oil inlet of the first oil storage structure (14) through the sixth pipeline (56), and the second heat exchanger (32) is arranged on the sixth pipeline (56); a second pump structure (30), arranged on the sixth pipeline (56); a seventh pipeline (57), both ends of the seventh pipeline (57) are communicated with the sixth pipeline (56); a third heat exchanger (37), arranged on the seventh pipeline (57).

7. The photovoltaic-thermal system according to claim 6, wherein, the photovoltaic-thermal system further comprises: an eighth pipeline (58), the turbine (38) is communicated with the gas outlet of the gas storage structure (23) through the eighth pipeline (58), and the third heat exchanger (37) heats the gas flowing through the eighth pipeline (58).

8. The photovoltaic-thermal system according to claim 7, wherein, the photovoltaic-thermal system further comprises: a first valve (22), the first valve (22) is arranged on the ninth pipeline (59) to control the on-off state of the ninth pipeline (59); A second valve (36) is provided on the eighth pipeline (58) to control the on / off state of the eighth pipeline (58). Wherein, the photovoltaic-thermal system has a first mode and a second mode. When the photovoltaic-thermal system is in the first mode, an electric current is generated on the photovoltaic panel (2), and the light is reflected by the reflector (26) and then irradiates on the collector (27). The first valve (22) is in an open state, and the second valve (36) is in a closed state. When the photovoltaic-thermal system is in the second mode, the first valve (22) is in a closed state, and the second valve (36) is in an open state.

9. The photovoltaic-thermal system according to claim 5, characterized in that the photovoltaic-thermal system further comprises: a third valve (16) provided on the fifth pipeline (55) to control the on / off state of the fifth pipeline (55); a fourth valve (17) provided on the fifth pipeline (55) to control the on / off state of the fifth pipeline (55); the third valve (16) and the fourth valve (17) are respectively located on both sides of the electric heater (4); and / or, a fifth valve (24) provided on the fourth pipeline (54) to control the on / off state of the fourth pipeline (54); a sixth valve (25) provided on the fourth pipeline (54) to control the on / off state of the fourth pipeline (54); the fifth valve (24) and the sixth valve (25) are respectively located on both sides of the first heat exchanger (21).

10. The photovoltaic-thermal system according to claim 6, characterized in that the photovoltaic-thermal system further comprises: a seventh valve (41) provided on the seventh pipeline (57) to control the on / off state of the seventh pipeline (57); an eighth valve (42) provided on the seventh pipeline (57) to control the on / off state of the seventh pipeline (57); the seventh valve (41) and the eighth valve (42) are respectively located on both sides of the third heat exchanger (37); and / or, a ninth valve (31) provided on the sixth pipeline (56) to control the on / off state of the sixth pipeline (56); a tenth valve (33) provided on the sixth pipeline (56) to control the on / off state of the sixth pipeline (56); the ninth valve (31) and the tenth valve (33) are respectively located on both sides of the second heat exchanger (32).

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