A transmissive array antenna with frequency selective characteristics and a wireless communication system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of transmission array antenna with frequency selection characteristics and wireless communication system, belong to wireless communication field, the receiving patch is in the first dielectric plate upper end, third dielectric plate lower end connects transmitting patch, electromagnetic wave completes transmission from receiving unit to transmitting unit, and only needs three dielectric plate in total, layer number is less, so overall structure thickness is thin, structure is simple.Through to the second connecting line along y axis overturn, the current can be realized reverse, with simple way, 180° phase shift is realized, can guarantee 0 state and 1 state switching transmission characteristics and phase selection characteristics are consistent.Through to the flexible, reasonable design of transmitting patch and receiving patch, so that the transmission array antenna unit completes phase shift function, while, good filtering effect is realized, so as to increase processing difficulty and cost problem.The transmission array antenna of the application has frequency selection characteristics with simple overall structure, and has good application prospect in the field of wireless communication technology.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and relates to a transmissive array antenna with frequency selection characteristics and a wireless communication system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The transmissive array antenna is a kind of planar array antenna, which solves the shortcomings of traditional parabolic antennas and array antennas, and combines the advantages of high gain and easy processing of the two kinds of antennas. The transmissive array antenna with high frequency selectivity combines the advantages of frequency selective surfaces, and performs frequency selection while receiving signals.

[0003] In the prior art, a frequency selective surface unit is usually combined with a transmissive array unit, but this results in an increase in the number of unit layers, an increase in the antenna profile, and an increase in processing difficulty and cost. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to solve the problems of the prior art, such as the large number of transmissive array unit layers and complex structure, and provides a transmissive array antenna with frequency selection characteristics and a wireless communication system.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The application provides a transmissive array antenna with frequency selection characteristics, which comprises a transmission medium and a planar structure transmissive array unit, wherein the transmissive array unit comprises a first dielectric plate, a first metal plate, a second dielectric plate, a second metal plate and a third dielectric plate arranged from top to bottom; the transmission medium sequentially passes through the first dielectric plate, the first metal plate, the second dielectric plate, the second metal plate and the third dielectric plate, and the upper end of the transmission medium is connected with a receiving unit, and the lower end of the transmission medium is connected with a transmitting unit.

[0007] Preferably, the transmissive array antenna further comprises a first connecting line and a second connecting line.

[0008] The upper end of the transmission medium is connected with the receiving unit through the first connecting line, and the lower end of the transmission medium is connected with the transmitting unit through the second connecting line.

[0009] The transmission medium is a metal column.

[0010] Preferably, the receiving unit is a receiving patch, and the transmitting unit is a transmitting patch.

[0011] Preferably, the receiving patch and the transmitting patch are both rectangular patch structures and have equal sizes.

[0012] Preferably, the first dielectric plate, the first metal plate, the second dielectric plate, the second metal plate and the third dielectric plate have the same size.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate is the same, and the thickness of the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate is greater than the thickness of the first metal plate, the second dielectric plate and the second metal plate.

[0014] Preferably, the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission array unit is arranged in the xoy horizontal position.

[0016] The second connecting line is flipped along the y-axis, and the current direction is reversed when the current passes through the transmitting unit.

[0017] A wireless communication system using a transmission array antenna with frequency selection characteristics.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The transmission array antenna with frequency selection characteristics provided by the present application has the following advantages: the receiving unit is arranged above the first dielectric plate, and the transmitting unit is arranged below the third dielectric plate, the transmission medium passes through the first dielectric plate, the first metal plate, the second dielectric plate, the second metal plate and the third dielectric plate in sequence, so that the electromagnetic wave is transmitted from the receiving unit to the transmitting unit through the first dielectric plate, the first metal plate, the second dielectric plate, the second metal plate and the third dielectric plate in sequence, the number of dielectric plates is reduced, and the number of metal plates installed is also reduced, thereby solving the problem of too many layers of transmission array units in the prior art; the transmission array antenna provided by the present application can realize the transmission of electromagnetic waves by only three layers of dielectric plates, two layers of metal plates, one transmitting unit and one receiving unit, and has a simple overall structure.

[0020] Further, the transmission medium is a metal column, which can enhance the transmission rate of electromagnetic waves.

[0021] Further, the receiving unit is a receiving patch, and the transmitting unit is a transmitting patch, which can reduce the volume and weight of the transmission array antenna.

[0022] Further, the receiving patch and the transmitting patch are both rectangular patch structures and have the same size, which is to adapt to the metal plate and the dielectric plate to make the electromagnetic wave propagation rate faster.

[0023] Further, the first dielectric plate, the first metal plate, the second dielectric plate, the second metal plate and the third dielectric plate have the same size, and the transmission array antenna unit structure is completely symmetrical, which can realize frequency selection and transmission characteristics in two directions.

[0024] Further, if the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate thickness is reduced, the corresponding receiving patch and the transmitting patch size also needs to be reduced, considering the processing precision and difficulty, the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate thickness are the same, and greater than the thickness of the first metal plate, the second dielectric plate and the second metal plate.

[0025] Further, the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate are both made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which is corrosion-resistant and has a long service life, and the dielectric constant of polytetrafluoroethylene is relatively small, so that the antenna performance is better when used as a substrate, especially for narrow-band microstrip antennas.

[0026] Further, the current direction can be reversed by flipping the second connecting line along the y-axis, and the 180° phase shift can be realized in a simple way, which can ensure that the transmission characteristics and phase selection characteristics are consistent when switching between 0 state and 1 state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, and it should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the transmission array unit with frequency selection of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is the top view structure schematic diagram of the transmission array unit with frequency selection of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 is the bottom view structure schematic diagram of the transmission array unit with frequency selection of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 is the transmission amplitude schematic diagram of the transmission array unit with frequency selection of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 is the 1-bit transmission phase schematic diagram of the transmission array unit with frequency selection of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the transmission array antenna composed of the transmission array unit with frequency selection of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 is the structure plane schematic diagram of the transmission array antenna composed of the transmission array unit with frequency selection of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8is a three-dimensional directional diagram of the transmissive array antenna composed of the transmissive array unit with frequency selection of the present application;

[0036] Figure 9 is a two-dimensional directional diagram of the transmissive array antenna composed of the transmissive array unit with frequency selection of the present application;

[0037] Figure 10 is a simulation curve diagram of the gain of the transmissive array antenna composed of the transmissive array unit with frequency selection in the present application varying with frequency.

[0038] Wherein: 1-receiving patch, 2-first connecting line, 3-first dielectric plate, 4-first metal plate, 5-second dielectric plate, 6-second metal plate, 7-third dielectric plate, 8-second connecting line, 9-transmitting patch, 10-metal column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that if the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship when the product of the present application is used, it is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for differentiation in description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0046] like Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of a frequency-selective transmission array antenna proposed in this invention. This antenna achieves high frequency selectivity while minimizing the number of structural layers. The frequency-selective transmission array antenna includes a transmission medium and planar transmission array elements. The transmission array elements are placed horizontally along the xoy axis. Each planar transmission array element comprises, from top to bottom, a first dielectric plate 3, a first metal plate 4, a second dielectric plate 5, a second metal plate 6, and a third dielectric plate 7. The transmission medium passes through these elements sequentially. A receiving unit is connected to the upper end of the transmission medium, and a transmitting unit is connected to the lower end of the transmission medium.

[0047] Preferably, the upper end of the transmission medium is connected to the receiving unit via a first connecting line 2; the lower end of the transmission medium is connected to the transmitting unit via a second connecting line 8, and the transmission medium is a metal pillar 10. The receiving unit and the first connecting line 2 are located on the upper side of the first dielectric plate 3; the first dielectric plate 3 is located on the upper side of the first metal plate 4; the second dielectric plate 5 is located on the lower side of the first metal plate 4; the second metal plate 6 is located on the lower side of the second dielectric plate 5; and the third dielectric plate 7 is located on the lower side of the second metal plate 6. The transmitting unit and the second connecting line 8 are located on the lower side of the third dielectric plate 7.

[0048] Preferably, the receiving unit and the transmitting unit have the same size and are configured as a rectangular patch structure placed along the x-axis; the first dielectric substrate 3 and the third dielectric substrate 7 have the same thickness, are made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), have a dielectric constant of 3.5, and a loss tangent of 0.001. In this invention, the center frequency of the frequency-selective transmission array unit is 5 GHz.

[0049] Preferably, the first dielectric substrate 3, the first metal plate 4, the second dielectric substrate 5, the second metal plate 6, and the third dielectric substrate 7 are all square and have the same size, with a side length of 25mm. The receiving unit is a receiving patch 1; the transmitting unit is a transmitting patch 2.

[0050] like Figures 2-3 As shown, the frequency-selective transmission array antenna proposed in this invention achieves switching between 0 and 1 states by keeping the first connecting line 2 unchanged and flipping the second connecting line 9 along the y-axis, and reversing the current when the current passes through the transmitting patch 9. While achieving phase state switching, the frequency-selective transmission array antenna also has two resonant points in the transmission amplitude within the band.

[0051] Figure 4 These are the transmission coefficient and reflection coefficient of the frequency-selective transmission array element in states 0 and 1. Simulation results show that the designed element has two resonant points in the transmission frequency band, and the reflection coefficient is below -15 dB for both. This indicates that the frequency-selective transmission array element can achieve good transmission and frequency selectivity characteristics in the operating frequency band.

[0052] Figure 5 The transmission phase of the frequency-selective transmission array element is shown in states 0 and 1. Simulation results show that the designed element maintains a stable 180° phase difference within the transmission frequency band, and its performance meets the design requirements of the elements in states 0 and 1.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, the phase state corresponding to each unit in the array The position is determined by both the target radiation pattern and the unit's position relative to the horn. Assume the horn's coordinates are (0,0,...). R i The coordinates of element i are ( x i , y i ,0), the direction of the target pattern is ( θ 0, φ 0) Direction, the specific formula is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, the distribution of the transmission array elements used in this invention is based on the phase calculated by the above formula and is classified as 0° or 180° according to the principle of proximity, that is, state 0 or state 1. Thus, the position of the second connection line of each element is obtained. The transmission array elements with frequency selection are extended in the x and y directions to form an array antenna structure. 400 elements are used to form a 20×20 two-dimensional square aperture transmission array antenna structure.

[0056] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional gain pattern of a transmissive array antenna composed of transmissive array units with frequency selection, the working frequency is 5GHz, and the shape of the pencil beam is along the-z direction.

[0057] Figure 9 is a two-dimensional gain pattern of a transmissive array antenna composed of transmissive array units with frequency selection, the simulation result shows that the gain of the transmissive array antenna is 20.5dBi at the center frequency, and the sidelobe level is-15dB.

[0058] Figure 10 is a gain-frequency variation diagram of a transmissive array antenna composed of transmissive array units with frequency selection, the simulation result shows that the array antenna has a filtering effect.

[0059] The transmissive array antenna with frequency selection characteristics provided by the present application has fewer structure layers while ensuring high frequency selection characteristics. The transmissive array antenna with frequency selection characteristics can be applied in a wireless communication system, and has good application prospects. The present application rationally designs the transmitting patch and the receiving patch, so that the phase shift function is completed, and good filtering effect is achieved. The present application uses a three-layer metal structure to complete the filtering function, has low profile, low cost and low processing difficulty. The present application uses three layers of metal to complete the design of the transmissive array unit, realizes phase shift, and has high frequency selection performance.

[0060] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A transmission array antenna with frequency selectivity, characterized in that, The transmission array unit includes a transmission medium and a planar structure. The transmission array unit includes a first dielectric plate (3), a first metal plate (4), a second dielectric plate (5), a second metal plate (6), and a third dielectric plate (7) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The transmission medium passes through the first dielectric plate (3), the first metal plate (4), the second dielectric plate (5), the second metal plate (6), and the third dielectric plate (7) in sequence. A receiving unit is connected to the upper end of the transmission medium, and a transmitting unit is connected to the lower end of the transmission medium. It also includes a first connecting line (2) and a second connecting line (8); the upper end of the transmission medium is connected to the receiving unit through the first connecting line (2); the lower end of the transmission medium is connected to the transmitting unit through the second connecting line (8); the transmission medium is a metal pillar (10). The transmission array unit is set at the xoy horizontal position; the first connecting line is kept unchanged, and the second connecting line (8) is flipped along the y axis, and the current is reversed when the current passes through the transmitting unit.

2. The transmission array antenna with frequency selectivity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving unit is a receiving patch (1); the transmitting unit is a transmitting patch (9).

3. The transmission array antenna with frequency selectivity according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the receiving patch (1) and the transmitting patch (9) are rectangular patch structures with equal dimensions.

4. The transmission array antenna with frequency selectivity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dielectric plate (3), the first metal plate (4), the second dielectric plate (5), the second metal plate (6), and the third dielectric plate (7) are all the same size.

5. The transmission array antenna with frequency selectivity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dielectric plate (3) and the third dielectric plate (7) have the same thickness, and the thickness of the first dielectric plate (3) and the third dielectric plate (7) is greater than the thickness of the first metal plate (4), the second dielectric plate (5) and the second metal plate (6).

6. The transmission array antenna with frequency selectivity according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first dielectric plate (3) and the third dielectric plate (7) are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

7. A wireless communication system using a transmission array antenna with frequency selectivity as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images