Method, device and equipment for suppressing interlayer multiple wave and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a method, device and equipment for suppressing interlayer multiple waves and a storage medium, and comprises the following steps: determining the primary wave reflection coefficient of each target layer according to the logging data of the target layer of the obtained seismic work area, and forwardly synthesizing a primary wave model; forwardly synthesizing a multiple wave model of a single shot set by performing forward synthesis on the obtained single shot set data to be predicted; fusing the primary wave model and the multiple wave model to obtain a full wave seismic model; determining the cross-correlation coefficient of the forward record of each wave in the full wave seismic model and an actual seismic trace; identifying the layer position generating multiple waves according to the cross-correlation coefficient; and performing multiple wave suppression on the seismic data of the layer position to obtain the target seismic data after suppression, which realizes accurate identification of the layer position generating multiple waves, improves the suppression effect of multiple waves, and effectively improves the data resolution and finally improves the imaging quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of exploration technology, and in particular relates to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for suppressing interlayer multiple waves. Background Art

[0002] Multiple suppression, particularly interlayer multiple suppression, has always been a challenge in seismic data processing. The presence of multiples reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data, significantly complicating velocity analysis and data migration. This compromises the reliability of seismic imaging, creates false structural profiles, and hinders geologists' ability to identify valid information, ultimately impacting the correct interpretation of regional structures.

[0003] Currently, multiple suppression methods can be divided into two main categories: denoising methods based on the differences in spatial characteristics between primaries and multiples, and predictive subtraction methods based on the periodicity and predictability of multiples. The former can be considered when the lateral changes in the subsurface structure are minor and the accuracy of the results is not critical. The latter mainly includes wavefield continuation methods and predictive deconvolution methods. Wavefield continuation methods are more effective in suppressing multiples in areas with complex geological structures, while predictive deconvolution methods are more effective in areas where multiple data has a strong periodicity, such as shallow water seismic data processing.

[0004] However, for multiple suppression techniques based on predictive subtraction, subtracting the predicted multiples from the original data remains a challenge. During the multiple prediction process, factors such as the characteristics of the given reflection interface and model errors make it difficult to accurately predict the amplitude and travel time of the multiples, making it difficult to accurately identify the layers generating the multiples. The predictive subtraction method also suffers from two major issues: missing near-offset distances and adaptive subtraction damaging the valid signal, making it difficult to accurately identify the layers generating the multiples.

[0005] Therefore, the accuracy of the multiple wave prediction results in the prior art is relatively poor, resulting in a poor multiple wave suppression effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, device, equipment and storage medium for suppressing interlayer multiple waves, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the results of multiple wave prediction are less accurate, resulting in poor suppression effect of multiple waves.

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for suppressing interlayer multiple waves, comprising:

[0008] Based on the well logging data of the target layers in the seismic area, the primary wave reflection coefficient of each target layer is determined and the primary wave model is synthesized by forward modeling;

[0009] forward the acquired single-shot gather data to be predicted to synthesize a multiple model of single-shot gather;

[0010] fuse the primary model and the multiple model to obtain a full-wave seismic model;

[0011] determine a cross-correlation coefficient of a forward record of each wave in the full-wave seismic model and an actual seismic trace;

[0012] identify a layer position generating multiple waves according to the cross-correlation coefficient;

[0013] perform multiple wave suppression on seismic data of the layer position to obtain target seismic data after suppression.

[0014] Further, the interlayer multiple wave suppression method described above comprises:

[0015] taking one seismic trace in the single-shot gather data to be predicted as a seismic trace to be predicted, and calculating a weighted attribute of spatial information between a shot point and a receiver point of each grid point in the aperture range based on a set aperture range and grid point coordinates;

[0016] determining an approximate trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted according to the weighted attribute of spatial information between the shot point and the receiver point;

[0017] performing difference correction on the seismic trace to be predicted and the approximate trace to obtain an adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and an adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace;

[0018] convolving the adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and the adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace to obtain a convolution adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point;

[0019] summing the convolution adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point to obtain a multiple model of the seismic trace to be predicted;

[0020] taking the multiple models of all predicted seismic traces as the multiple model of the single-shot gather.

[0021] Further, the interlayer multiple wave suppression method described above comprises:

[0022] performing preprocessing on seismic data of the layer position to obtain full-wave field data of the layer position;

[0023] performing Fourier transform on the full-wave field data to obtain frequency-wavenumber domain data;

[0024] performing constant background velocity migration on the frequency-wavenumber domain data to obtain pseudo-depth domain data;

[0025] According to the pseudo-depth domain data, interlayer multiple wave prediction is performed by using an inverse scattering series method to obtain interlayer multiple wave data after removing a wavelet;

[0026] Inverse Fourier transform is performed on the interlayer multiple wave data after removing the wavelet to obtain space-time domain data;

[0027] Wavelet compensation processing is performed on the space-time domain data to obtain interlayer multiple wave data after compensating the wavelet;

[0028] The preprocessed seismic data and the interlayer multiple wave data after compensating the wavelet are matched and subtracted to obtain seismic data after suppressing interlayer multiple waves.

[0029] Further, in the interlayer multiple wave suppression method, the well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area are obtained, the first wave reflection coefficient of each layer is determined, and a first wave model is forward synthesized, including:

[0030] The well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area are obtained, and a wave impedance body of the seismic work area is determined;

[0031] The wave impedance body is converted into a first wave reflection coefficient;

[0032] The wavelet extracted from the seismic data of the target layer is convolved with the first wave reflection coefficient, and a first wave model is forward synthesized.

[0033] Further, in the interlayer multiple wave suppression method, the well logging data include a sonic travel time curve and a density curve;

[0034] The well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area are obtained, and a wave impedance body of the seismic work area is determined, including:

[0035] The velocity is obtained based on the inverse of the sonic travel time curve;

[0036] The velocity is multiplied by the density in the density curve to calculate the wave impedance body of the seismic work area.

[0037] The application further provides an interlayer multiple wave suppression device, including:

[0038] A first wave forward modeling module is configured to determine the first wave reflection coefficient of each target layer based on the well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area, and to forward synthesize a first wave model;

[0039] A multiple wave forward modeling module is configured to forward synthesize a multiple wave model of a single shot gather by performing forward modeling on the obtained single shot gather data to be predicted;

[0040] a full-wave forward modeling module, configured to fuse the primary wave model and the multiple wave model to obtain a full-wave seismic model;

[0041] a determination module, configured to determine a cross-correlation coefficient of a forward record of each wave in the full-wave seismic model and an actual seismic trace;

[0042] an identification module, configured to identify, according to the cross-correlation coefficient, a layer position generating a multiple wave;

[0043] a suppression module, configured to perform multiple wave suppression on seismic data of the layer position to obtain target seismic data after suppression.

[0044] Further, in the above-described multiple wave suppression device, the multiple wave forward modeling module is specifically configured to:

[0045] take one seismic trace in the single-shot gather data to be predicted as a seismic trace to be predicted, and calculate a weighted attribute of spatial information between a shot point and a receiver point for each grid point in a set aperture range based on a set aperture range and grid point coordinates;

[0046] determine an approximate trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted according to the weighted attribute of the spatial information between the shot point and the receiver point;

[0047] perform difference correction on the seismic trace to be predicted and the approximate trace to obtain an adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and an adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace;

[0048] fold the adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and the adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace to obtain a folded adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point;

[0049] sum the folded adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point to obtain a multiple wave model of the seismic trace to be predicted;

[0050] take the multiple wave models of all predicted seismic traces as the multiple wave model of the single-shot gather.

[0051] Further, in the above-described multiple wave suppression device, the suppression module is specifically configured to:

[0052] perform preprocessing on seismic data of the layer position to obtain full-wave field data;

[0053] perform Fourier transform on the full-wave field data to obtain frequency-wave number domain data;

[0054] perform constant background velocity migration on the frequency-wave number domain data to obtain pseudo-depth domain data;

[0055] perform interlayer multiple wave prediction on the pseudo-depth domain data by using an inverse scattering series method to obtain interlayer multiple wave data after removal of a wavelet.

[0056] performing inverse Fourier transform on the removed wavelet interbedded multiple wave data to obtain space-time domain data;

[0057] performing wavelet compensation processing on the space-time domain data to obtain interbedded multiple wave data after compensation wavelet;

[0058] performing match subtraction on the preprocessed seismic data and the interbedded multiple wave data after compensation wavelet to obtain seismic data after interbedded multiple wave suppression.

[0059] The application further provides an interbedded multiple wave suppression device, comprising a memory and a processor.

[0060] The memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the interbedded multiple wave suppression method according to any one of the above.

[0061] The application further provides a storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the interbedded multiple wave suppression method according to any one of the above.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, one or more of the above solutions can have the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0063] The interbedded multiple wave suppression method, device, equipment and storage medium of the application can accurately identify the layer position of multiple waves by forward synthesis of a primary wave model according to well logging data of a target layer position of a seismic work area, forward synthesis of a multiple wave model of a single shot gather after forward synthesis of single shot gather data, fusion of the primary wave model and the multiple wave model to obtain a full wave seismic model, determination of the cross-correlation coefficient of the forward record of each wave in the full wave seismic model and the actual seismic trace, identification of the layer position of multiple waves according to the cross-correlation coefficient, multiple wave suppression of seismic data of the layer position to obtain target seismic data after suppression, accurate identification of the layer position of multiple waves, and improvement of the multiple wave suppression effect, thereby effectively improving the data resolution and ultimately improving the imaging quality.

[0064] Other features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following or can be learned by practice of the application. The objects and other advantages of the application can be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0065] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:

[0066] Figure 1 Flow chart of one embodiment of the method for suppressing interbed multiple waves of the present application;

[0067] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a primary wave model;

[0068] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a multiple wave model;

[0069] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a full wave seismic model;

[0070] Figure 5 Flow chart of another embodiment of the method for suppressing interbed multiple waves of the present application;

[0071] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of the device for suppressing interbed multiple waves of the present application;

[0072] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of the device for suppressing interbed multiple waves of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that the technical means by which the present application solves the technical problems and achieves the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, each embodiment in the present application and each feature in each embodiment can be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed thereby are all within the protection scope of the present application.

[0074] Embodiment one

[0075] To solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a method for suppressing interbed multiple waves.

[0076] Figure 1 The flow chart of one embodiment of the method for suppressing interbed multiple waves of the present application is shown in Figure 1 The method for suppressing interbed multiple waves of the present embodiment can specifically include the following steps:

[0077] 100. Determine the primary wave reflection coefficient of each target layer according to the logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area obtained, and forward synthesize a primary wave model;

[0078] Specifically, the implementation process of this step can include the following steps:

[0079] (1) Determine the wave impedance body of the seismic work area according to the logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area obtained;

[0080] In one specific implementation process, according to actual seismic data, the characteristics and formation mechanism of multiple waves are analyzed, strata prone to generating multiple waves are determined as target horizons of a seismic work area, logging data of the target horizons are further obtained, and the logging data of the target horizons are used to determine the wave impedance body of the seismic work area.

[0081] Specifically, the logging data include an acoustic traveltime curve and a density curve.

[0082] In one specific implementation process, the velocity can be obtained by taking the reciprocal of the acoustic traveltime curve; and the wave impedance body of the seismic work area is calculated by multiplying the velocity and the density in the density curve.

[0083] (2) converting the wave impedance body into primary wave reflection coefficients;

[0084] In one specific implementation process, the wave impedance body can be converted into primary wave reflection coefficients by using a preset analytical equation.

[0085] (3) convolving a wavelet extracted from seismic data of the target horizons with the primary wave reflection coefficients to forward synthesize a primary wave model.

[0086] In one specific implementation process, a wavelet can be extracted from seismic data of the target horizons, and then the wavelet is convolved with the primary wave reflection coefficients, so that a primary wave model can be forward synthesized.

[0087] In one specific implementation process, a certain exploration area in the western part of China can be used for verification, and the specific implementation process is as follows:

[0088] Some reflection interfaces with large reflection coefficients on the ground surface or underground are formed by the re-folding of primary reflection waves into the underground. Reflection interfaces with strong reflection coefficients, such as water-gas interfaces, bedrock surfaces, unconformities, igneous rocks (such as basalt), and other strong reflection interfaces (such as gypsum layers, rock salt, limestone, etc.), are prone to multiple reflection waves.

[0089] The ground surface, the top of the Cretaceous system, the top and bottom of the igneous rock, and other strata including T30, T53, T56, T56x, T70, T74, T81, etc. are all strong reflection layers and can generate multiple waves. Strong reflection coefficient layers form long-period surface multiples with the ground surface, and strong reflection coefficient layers propagate among each other to form short-period interlayer multiples. The velocity of the interlayer multiples is very close to that of the primary waves, and the difference is very small. Therefore, T30, T53, T56, T56x, T70, T74, T81 can be selected as target horizons of a seismic work area, and the primary wave reflection coefficients of each target horizon are determined according to the logging data of the target horizons of the seismic work area, and a primary wave model is forward synthesized. Figure 2 . Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a primary wave model.

[0090] 101. Perform forward modeling on the acquired single shot data to be predicted and synthesize the multiple wave model of the single shot data;

[0091] In a specific implementation process, the implementation process of this step may include the following steps:

[0092] (11) taking a seismic trace in the single shot data to be predicted as the seismic trace to be predicted, and calculating the weighted attribute between the shot point and the receiver point for each grid point within the aperture range based on the set aperture range and grid point coordinates;

[0093] In a specific implementation, after inputting the single shot gather data to be predicted, a seismic trace is selected as the seismic trace to be predicted, and the aperture range and grid point coordinates are defined. Then, for each grid point within the aperture range, the weighted attributes of the spatial information between the shot point and the receiver point are calculated.

[0094] Specifically, weighted attributes of spatial information such as azimuth, offset, and center point coordinates between a shot point and a receiver point may be calculated for each grid point within the aperture range.

[0095] (12) determining an approximate trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted based on the weighted attributes of the spatial information between the shot points and the detection points;

[0096] In a specific implementation process, a first error can be obtained based on the weighted attributes of the offset distance data of the super-detection point and the shot point and the weighted attributes of the azimuth data; if the first error is less than or equal to a preset error threshold, a second error is obtained based on the weighted attributes of the center point coordinate data of the detection point and the shot point; based on the first error and the second error, a total error function is obtained, and the seismic trace that minimizes the total error function is selected from the detection points as the approximate trace corresponding to the grid point.

[0097] (13) performing difference correction between the seismic trace to be predicted and the approximate trace to obtain an adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and an adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace;

[0098] (14) Convolving the adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and the adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace to obtain a convolved adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point;

[0099] (15) Sum the convolution adjustment trace corresponding to each grid point to obtain the multiple wave model of the earthquake trace to be predicted;

[0100] (16) The multiple wave models of all predicted seismic traces are used as the multiple wave models of the single shot set.

[0101] The multiple wave model of the single shot gather is as follows: Figure 3 As shown,Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a multiple wave model.

[0102] 102, fusing the primary wave model and the multiple wave model to obtain a full wave seismic model;

[0103] After obtaining the primary wave model and the multiple wave model, the primary wave model and the multiple wave model can be fused, so as to obtain a full wave seismic model including the primary wave model and the multiple wave model at the same time, as shown in Figure 4 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a full wave seismic model.

[0104] 103, determining a cross-correlation coefficient of a forward record of each wave in the full wave seismic model and an actual seismic trace;

[0105] In a specific implementation process, the forward record of each wave in the full wave seismic model is obtained by forward, such as the primary wave forward record and the multiple wave forward record. A time window can be created, and the cross-correlation coefficients of the actual seismic trace and the primary wave forward record, and the cross-correlation coefficients of the actual seismic trace and the multiple wave forward record in the time window are compared.

[0106] The cross-correlation coefficient of the actual seismic trace and the primary wave forward record is determined according to the wave group characteristics of the two. Similarly, the cross-correlation coefficient of the actual seismic trace and the multiple wave forward record is also determined according to the wave group characteristics of the two.

[0107] 104, identifying a layer position generating multiple waves according to the cross-correlation coefficient;

[0108] In theory, the more similar the wave group characteristics are, the larger the cross-correlation coefficient is. Conversely, the greater the difference between the wave group characteristics is, the smaller the cross-correlation coefficient is. Therefore, the layer position generating multiple waves can be identified according to the cross-correlation coefficient.

[0109] 105, performing multiple wave suppression on seismic data of the layer position to obtain target seismic data after suppression.

[0110] In a specific implementation process, the implementation process of this step can include the following steps:

[0111] (21) pre-processing seismic data of the layer position to obtain full wave field data of the layer position;

[0112] Specifically, the seismic data of the layer position is pre-processed, wavelet removal processing is performed to obtain seismic data after wavelet removal, and the seismic data after wavelet removal is extracted to obtain the full wave field data of the layer position.

[0113] (22) performing Fourier transform on the full wave field data to obtain frequency-wave number domain data; ​

[0114] (23) performing constant background velocity migration on the frequency-wavenumber domain data to obtain pseudo-depth domain data;

[0115] (24) according to the pseudo-depth domain data, performing interbed multiple wave prediction by using inverse scattering series method to obtain interbed multiple wave data after removing wavelet;

[0116] (25) performing inverse Fourier transform on the interbed multiple wave data after removing wavelet to obtain space-time domain data;

[0117] (26) performing wavelet compensation processing on the space-time domain data to obtain interbed multiple wave data after compensating wavelet;

[0118] (27) performing match subtraction on the preprocessed seismic data and the interbed multiple wave data after compensating wavelet to obtain interbed multiple wave suppressed seismic data.

[0119] The interbed multiple wave suppression method of the embodiment can synthesize a single shot set multiple wave model by forward modeling the obtained to-be-predicted single shot set data according to the well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area, fusing the primary wave model and the multiple wave model to obtain a full wave seismic model, determining the cross-correlation coefficients of the forward modeling records of each wave in the full wave seismic model and actual seismic traces, then identifying the layer position generating multiple waves according to the cross-correlation coefficients, and then performing multiple wave suppression on the seismic data of the layer position to obtain suppressed target seismic data, which realizes accurate identification of the layer position generating multiple waves and improves the multiple wave suppression effect, thereby effectively improving the data resolution and finally improving the imaging quality.

[0120] Embodiment Two

[0121] Figure 5 The flowchart of another embodiment of the interbed multiple wave suppression method of the application is shown in FIG. 2, and the interbed multiple wave suppression method of the embodiment can specifically include the following steps: Figure 5

[0122] 500, determining the primary wave reflection coefficient of each target layer according to the obtained well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area, and forward modeling a primary wave model;

[0123] Specifically, the implementation process of this step can include the following steps:

[0124] (1) determining the wave impedance body of the seismic work area according to the obtained well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area;

[0125] ​In a specific implementation process, the characteristics and formation mechanism of multiple waves can be analyzed based on actual seismic data, and the strata that are prone to generating multiple waves can be determined as the target layers of the seismic work area. The logging data of the target layers can be further obtained, and the wave impedance body of the seismic work area can be determined using the logging data of the target layers.

[0126] Specifically, the logging data includes an acoustic wave time difference curve and a density curve.

[0127] In a specific implementation process, the velocity can be obtained by taking the inverse of the acoustic wave time difference curve; and the wave impedance body of the earthquake work area is calculated by multiplying the velocity with the density in the density curve.

[0128] (2) converting the wave impedance into a primary wave reflection coefficient;

[0129] In a specific implementation process, the wave impedance body can be converted into a primary wave reflection coefficient using a preset analytical equation.

[0130] (3) The wavelet extracted from the seismic data of the target layer is convolved with the primary wave reflection coefficient to synthesize the primary wave model through forward modeling.

[0131] In a specific implementation process, a wavelet can be extracted from the seismic data of the target layer, and then the wavelet is convolved with the primary wave reflection coefficient, so that a primary wave model can be synthesized by forward modeling.

[0132] 501. Forward modeling is performed on the acquired single shot gather data to be predicted, and a multiple wave model of the single shot gather is synthesized;

[0133] In a specific implementation process, the implementation process of this step may include the following steps:

[0134] (11) taking a seismic trace in the single shot data to be predicted as the seismic trace to be predicted, and calculating the weighted attribute between the shot point and the receiver point for each grid point within the aperture range based on the set aperture range and grid point coordinates;

[0135] In a specific implementation, after inputting the single shot gather data to be predicted, a seismic trace is selected as the seismic trace to be predicted, and the aperture range and grid point coordinates are defined. Then, for each grid point within the aperture range, the weighted attributes of the spatial information between the shot point and the receiver point are calculated.

[0136] Specifically, weighted attributes of spatial information such as azimuth, offset, and center point coordinates between a shot point and a receiver point may be calculated for each grid point within the aperture range.

[0137] (12) determining an approximate trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted based on the weighted attributes of the spatial information between the shot points and the detection points;

[0138] In one specific implementation process, the first error can be obtained based on the weighted attribute of the offset distance data of the super wave point and the shot point and the weighted attribute of the azimuth data; if the first error is less than or equal to a preset error threshold, the second error is obtained based on the weighted attribute of the center point coordinate data of the wave point and the shot point; the total error function is obtained based on the first error and the second error, and the seismic trace that minimizes the total error function is selected as the approximate trace corresponding to the grid point.

[0139] (13) difference correction is performed on the to-be-predicted seismic trace and the approximate trace to obtain an adjusted trace corresponding to the to-be-predicted seismic trace and an adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace;

[0140] (14) the adjusted trace corresponding to the to-be-predicted seismic trace and the adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace are convolved to obtain a convolution adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point;

[0141] (15) the convolution adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point is summed to obtain a multiple wave model of the to-be-predicted seismic trace;

[0142] (16) the multiple wave models of all predicted seismic traces are taken as the multiple wave model of the single shot gather.

[0143] 502. Determine the multiple wave reflection coefficient according to the primary wave reflection coefficient, and perform convolution calculation on the multiple wave reflection coefficient and the seismic wavelet to synthesize the multiple wave correction model;

[0144] 503. Determine the target multiple wave model according to the multiple wave correction model and the multiple wave model of the single shot gather;

[0145] In one specific implementation process, the multiple wave correction model and the multiple wave model of the single shot gather can be compared by weighting, so that the multiple wave model of the single shot gather can be corrected to obtain a more accurate multiple wave model of the single shot gather as the target multiple wave model.

[0146] 504. Fuse the primary wave model and the target multiple wave model to obtain a full wave seismic model;

[0147] 505. Determine the cross-correlation coefficient of the forward record of each wave in the full wave seismic model and the actual seismic trace;

[0148] In one specific implementation process, the forward record of each wave in the full wave seismic model, such as the primary wave forward record and the multiple wave forward record, is obtained by forward. A time window can be created, and the cross-correlation coefficients of the actual seismic trace and the primary wave forward record in the time window, and the cross-correlation coefficients of the actual seismic trace and the multiple wave forward record are compared.

[0149] The cross-correlation coefficient of the actual seismic trace and the primary wave forward record is determined according to the wave group characteristics of the two.

[0150] 506. According to the cross-correlation coefficient, the layer position generating the multiple wave is identified.

[0151] In theory, the more similar the wave group characteristics are, the greater the cross-correlation coefficient is. Conversely, the greater the difference between the wave group characteristics is, the smaller the cross-correlation coefficient is. Therefore, the layer position generating the multiple wave can be identified according to the cross-correlation coefficient.

[0152] 507. Multiple wave suppression is performed on the seismic data of the layer position to obtain target seismic data after suppression.

[0153] In a specific implementation process, the implementation process of this step can include the following steps:

[0154] (21) The seismic data of the layer position is preprocessed to obtain full wave field data of the layer position.

[0155] Specifically, the seismic data of the layer position is preprocessed, wavelet removal processing is performed to obtain seismic data after wavelet removal, and channel set extraction is performed on the seismic data after wavelet removal to obtain the full wave field data of the layer position.

[0156] (22) Fourier transform is performed on the full wave field data to obtain frequency-wave number domain data.

[0157] (23) Constant background velocity migration is performed on the frequency-wave number domain data to obtain pseudo-depth domain data.

[0158] (24) According to the pseudo-depth domain data, interlayer multiple wave prediction is performed by using the inverse scattering series method to obtain interlayer multiple wave data after wavelet removal.

[0159] (25) Inverse Fourier transform is performed on the interlayer multiple wave data after wavelet removal to obtain space-time domain data.

[0160] (26) Wavelet compensation processing is performed on the space-time domain data to obtain interlayer multiple wave data after compensation of the wavelet.

[0161] (27) The preprocessed seismic data and the interlayer multiple wave data after compensation of the wavelet are matched and subtracted to obtain seismic data after interlayer multiple wave suppression.

[0162] It should be noted that the method of the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a single device, such as a computer or a server, etc. The method of the embodiment can also be applied to a distributed scenario, and be completed by multiple devices cooperating with each other. In the distributed scenario, one of the multiple devices can only execute one or more steps in the method of the embodiment of the present application, and the multiple devices can interact with each other to complete the method.

[0163] Example Three

[0164] To solve the above technical problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the present application provides an interlayer multiple wave suppression device.

[0165] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the embodiment of the interlayer multiple wave suppression device of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the interlayer multiple wave suppression device of the embodiment can include a primary wave forward modeling module 60, a multiple wave forward modeling module 61, a full wave forward modeling module 62, a determination module 63, an identification module 64, and a suppression module 65.

[0166] The primary wave forward modeling module 60 is configured to determine the primary wave reflection coefficient of each target layer based on the logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area, and forward synthesize a primary wave model.

[0167] In a specific implementation process, the primary wave forward modeling module 60 can perform the following operations:

[0168] (1) determining the wave impedance body of the seismic work area based on the logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area;

[0169] In a specific implementation process, the stratum prone to generating multiple waves can be determined as the target layer of the seismic work area based on the actual seismic data, the characteristics and formation mechanism of the multiple waves, and the logging data of the target layer is further obtained, and the wave impedance body of the seismic work area is determined based on the logging data of the target layer.

[0170] Specifically, the logging data includes a sonic time difference curve and a density curve.

[0171] In a specific implementation process, the velocity can be obtained based on the sonic time difference curve; and the wave impedance body of the seismic work area is calculated by multiplying the velocity and the density in the density curve.

[0172] (2) converting the wave impedance body into a primary wave reflection coefficient;

[0173] In a specific implementation process, the wave impedance body can be converted into a primary wave reflection coefficient by using a preset analytical equation.

[0174] (3) convolve the wavelet extracted from the seismic data of the target horizon with the primary wave reflection coefficient to forward synthesize a primary wave model.

[0175] The multiple wave forward modeling module 61 is configured to forward model the obtained single shot gather data to be predicted to synthesize a multiple wave model of the single shot gather;

[0176] In one specific implementation process, the multiple wave forward modeling module 61 is specifically configured to perform the following operations:

[0177] (11) taking a seismic trace in the single shot gather data to be predicted as a seismic trace to be predicted, and based on the set aperture range and grid point coordinates, calculating the weighted attribute between the shot point and the geophone point for each grid point in the aperture range;

[0178] In one specific implementation process, after inputting the single shot gather data to be predicted, a seismic trace can be selected therefrom as a seismic trace to be predicted, and the aperture range and grid point coordinates are defined. Then, the weighted attribute of the spatial information between the shot point and the geophone point is calculated for each grid point in the aperture range.

[0179] Specifically, the weighted attribute of the spatial information such as the azimuth, offset distance, and center point coordinates between the shot point and the geophone point can be calculated for each grid point in the aperture range.

[0180] (12) determining an approximate trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted according to the weighted attribute of the spatial information between the shot point and the geophone point;

[0181] In one specific implementation process, based on the weighted attribute of the offset distance data and the weighted attribute of the azimuth data of the hyper geophone and the shot point, a first error can be obtained; if the first error is less than or equal to a preset error threshold, a second error can be obtained based on the weighted attribute of the center point coordinate data of the geophone and the shot point; based on the first error and the second error, a total error function is obtained, and a seismic trace that minimizes the total error function among the geophones is selected as the approximate trace corresponding to the grid point.

[0182] (13) performing difference correction on the seismic trace to be predicted and the approximate trace to obtain an adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and an adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace;

[0183] (14) convolving the adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and the adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace to obtain a convolution adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point;

[0184] (15) summing the convolution adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point to obtain a multiple wave model of the seismic trace to be predicted;

[0185] (16) taking the multiple wave model of all predicted seismic traces as the multiple wave model of the single shot gather.

[0186] a full wave forward modeling module 62, configured to fuse the primary wave model and the multiple wave model to obtain a full wave seismic model;

[0187] a determination module 63, configured to determine a cross-correlation coefficient of a forward record of each wave in the full wave seismic model and an actual seismic trace;

[0188] In a specific implementation process, the forward modeling obtains the forward record of each wave in the full wave seismic model, such as the primary wave forward record and the multiple wave forward record. A time window can be created, and the cross-correlation coefficient of the actual seismic trace and the primary wave forward record in the time window and the cross-correlation coefficient of the actual seismic trace and the multiple wave forward record in the time window are compared.

[0189] The cross-correlation coefficient of the actual seismic trace and the primary wave forward record is determined according to the wave group characteristics of the two. Similarly, the cross-correlation coefficient of the actual seismic trace and the multiple wave forward record is determined according to the wave group characteristics of the two.

[0190] an identification module 64, configured to identify a layer position generating multiple waves according to the cross-correlation coefficient;

[0191] In theory, the more similar the wave group characteristics are, the greater the cross-correlation coefficient is. Conversely, the greater the difference between the wave group characteristics is, the smaller the cross-correlation coefficient is. Therefore, the layer position generating multiple waves can be identified according to the cross-correlation coefficient.

[0192] a suppression module 65, configured to perform multiple wave suppression on seismic data of the layer position to obtain target seismic data after suppression.

[0193] In a specific implementation process, the suppression module 65 can perform the following operations:

[0194] (21) performing preprocessing on seismic data of the layer position to obtain full wave field data of the layer position;

[0195] Specifically, the seismic data of the layer position is preprocessed, wavelet removal processing is performed to obtain seismic data after wavelet removal, and the seismic data after wavelet removal is extracted to obtain the full wave field data of the layer position.

[0196] (22) performing Fourier transform on the full wave field data to obtain frequency-wave number domain data;

[0197] (23) performing constant background velocity migration on the frequency-wave number domain data to obtain pseudo-depth domain data;

[0198] (24) Based on the pseudo-depth domain data, interlayer multiple wave prediction is performed using the inverse scattering series method to obtain interlayer multiple wave data after removing the wavelet;

[0199] (25) performing an inverse Fourier transform on the interlayer multiple wave data after removing the wavelet to obtain space-time domain data;

[0200] (26) performing wavelet compensation processing on the space-time domain data to obtain interlayer multiple wave data after wavelet compensation;

[0201] (27) Matching and subtracting the pre-processed seismic data from the inter-layer multiple wave data after the compensated wavelet to obtain seismic data after the inter-layer multiple wave suppression.

[0202] The device for suppressing interlayer multiple waves of this embodiment synthesizes a primary wave model based on the logging data of the target layer in the seismic work area, forward models the acquired single shot set data to be predicted, and after synthesizing the multiple wave model of the single shot set, fuses the primary wave model and the multiple wave model to obtain a full-wave seismic model, and determines the cross-correlation coefficient between the forward record of each wave in the full-wave seismic model and the actual seismic trace. Then, based on the cross-correlation coefficient, the layer generating the multiple waves is identified, and then the seismic data of the layer are subjected to multiple wave suppression to obtain the suppressed target seismic data, thereby achieving accurate identification of the layer generating the multiple waves and improving the suppression effect of the multiple waves, thereby effectively improving the data resolution and ultimately improving the imaging quality.

[0203] The device of the above embodiment is used to implement the corresponding method in the above embodiment. Its specific implementation scheme can refer to the method recorded in the above embodiment and the relevant description of the method embodiment, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0204] Example Four

[0205] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides an interlayer multiple wave suppression device.

[0206] Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an interlayer multiple wave suppression device according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the device may include a processor 1010 and a memory 1020. As known to those skilled in the art, the device may also include an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. The processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040 are communicatively connected to each other within the device via the bus 1050.

[0207] The processor 1010 can be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits, etc., for executing relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present specification.

[0208] The memory 1020 can be implemented by a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, etc. The memory 1020 can store an operating system and other application programs, and when the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present specification are implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and called and executed by the processor 1010.

[0209] The input / output interface 1030 is configured to connect input / output modules to implement information input and output. The input / output modules can be configured as components in the device (not shown in the figure) or externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions. The input devices can include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, various sensors, etc., and the output devices can include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, an indicator light, etc.

[0210] The communication interface 1040 is configured to connect a communication module (not shown in the figure) to implement communication interaction between the device and other devices. The communication module can realize communication through a wired manner (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or through a wireless manner (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0211] The bus 1050 includes a channel for transmitting information between various components (such as the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040) of the device.

[0212] It should be noted that although the above device only shows the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, the communication interface 1040, and the bus 1050, in the specific implementation process, the device can also include other components necessary for normal operation. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that the above device can also only include components necessary for implementing the solutions of the embodiments of the present specification, and does not necessarily include all the components shown in the figure.

[0213] The computer program stored in the memory of the interlayer multiple wave suppression device provided by the embodiments of the present application is executed by the processor to implement the following steps:

[0214] According to the obtained well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area, a primary wave reflection coefficient of each target layer is determined, and a primary wave model is forward synthesized;

[0215] The obtained single shot gather data to be predicted is forward synthesized to synthesize a multiple wave model of the single shot gather;

[0216] The primary wave model and the multiple wave model are fused to obtain a full wave seismic model;

[0217] The cross-correlation coefficient of the forward record of each wave in the full wave seismic model and the actual seismic trace is determined;

[0218] According to the cross-correlation coefficient, a layer position generating multiple waves is identified;

[0219] Seismic data of the layer position is subjected to multiple wave suppression to obtain target seismic data after suppression.

[0220] Further, the computer program executed by the processor can further implement the following steps:

[0221] A seismic trace in the single shot gather data to be predicted is taken as a seismic trace to be predicted, and based on a set aperture range and grid point coordinates, a weighted attribute of spatial information between a shot point and a receiver point of each grid point in the aperture range is calculated;

[0222] According to the weighted attribute of spatial information between the shot point and the receiver point, an approximate trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted is determined;

[0223] Difference correction is performed on the seismic trace to be predicted and the approximate trace to obtain an adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and an adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace;

[0224] The adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and the adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace are convolved to obtain a convolution adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point;

[0225] The convolution adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point is summed to obtain a multiple wave model of the seismic trace to be predicted;

[0226] The multiple wave models of all predicted seismic traces are taken as the multiple wave model of the single shot gather.

[0227] Further, the computer program executed by the processor can further implement the following steps:

[0228] The seismic data of the layer position is preprocessed to obtain full wave field data of the layer position;

[0229] The full wave field data is subjected to Fourier transform to obtain frequency-wave number domain data;

[0230] Constant background velocity migration is performed on the frequency-wavenumber domain data to obtain pseudo-depth domain data;

[0231] According to the pseudo-depth domain data, interbed multiple wave prediction is performed by using inverse scattering series method to obtain interbed multiple wave data after removing wavelet;

[0232] Inverse Fourier transform is performed on the interbed multiple wave data after removing wavelet to obtain space-time domain data;

[0233] Wavelet compensation processing is performed on the space-time domain data to obtain interbed multiple wave data after compensating wavelet;

[0234] The preprocessed seismic data and the interbed multiple wave data after compensating wavelet are matched and subtracted to obtain seismic data after interbed multiple wave suppression.

[0235] Further, the computer program is executed by the processor to further implement the following steps:

[0236] According to the obtained well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area, the wave impedance body of the seismic work area is determined;

[0237] The wave impedance body is converted into a primary wave reflection coefficient;

[0238] The wavelet extracted from the seismic data of the target layer is convolved with the primary wave reflection coefficient to forward synthesize a primary wave model.

[0239] Further, the well logging data includes acoustic travel time curve and density curve; the computer program is executed by the processor to further implement the following steps:

[0240] The velocity is obtained based on the reciprocal of the acoustic travel time curve;

[0241] The velocity is multiplied by the density in the density curve to calculate the wave impedance body of the seismic work area.

[0242] Example Five

[0243] To solve the above technical problems in the prior art, an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium.

[0244] The storage medium provided by the embodiment of the present application stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the following steps.

[0245] According to the obtained well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area, the primary wave reflection coefficient of each target layer is determined, and a primary wave model is forward synthesized;

[0246] Forward the acquired single-shot gather data to be predicted to synthesize a multiple model of single-shot gather;

[0247] Fuse the primary model and the multiple model to obtain a full-wave seismic model;

[0248] Determine the cross-correlation coefficient of the forward record of each wave in the full-wave seismic model and the actual seismic trace;

[0249] According to the cross-correlation coefficient, identify the layer position producing multiple waves;

[0250] Suppress the seismic data of the layer position to obtain the target seismic data after suppression.

[0251] Further, the computer program executed by the processor can also implement the following steps:

[0252] Take one seismic trace in the single-shot gather data to be predicted as a seismic trace to be predicted, and based on the set aperture range and grid point coordinates, calculate the weighted attribute of the spatial information between the shot point and the receiver point for each grid point in the aperture range;

[0253] According to the weighted attribute of the spatial information between the shot point and the receiver point, determine the approximate trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted;

[0254] Differential correction is performed on the seismic trace to be predicted and the approximate trace to obtain the adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and the adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace;

[0255] Fold the adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and the adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace to obtain the fold adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point;

[0256] Sum the fold adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point to obtain the multiple model of the seismic trace to be predicted;

[0257] Take the multiple model of all predicted seismic traces as the multiple model of the single-shot gather.

[0258] Further, the computer program executed by the processor can also implement the following steps:

[0259] Preprocess the seismic data of the layer position to obtain full-wave field data of the layer position;

[0260] Perform Fourier transform on the full-wave field data to obtain frequency-wave number domain data;

[0261] Perform constant background velocity migration on the frequency-wave number domain data to obtain pseudo-depth domain data;

[0262] According to the pseudo-depth domain data, interbed multiple wave prediction is performed by using inverse scattering series method to obtain interbed multiple wave data after removing wavelet;

[0263] Inverse Fourier transform is performed on the interbed multiple wave data after removing wavelet to obtain space-time domain data;

[0264] Wavelet compensation processing is performed on the space-time domain data to obtain interbed multiple wave data after compensating wavelet;

[0265] The preprocessed seismic data and the interbed multiple wave data after compensating wavelet are matched and subtracted to obtain seismic data after interbed multiple wave suppression.

[0266] Further, the computer program, when executed by the processor, can further implement the following steps:

[0267] According to the obtained well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area, a wave impedance body of the seismic work area is determined;

[0268] The wave impedance body is converted into a primary wave reflection coefficient;

[0269] The wavelet extracted from the seismic data of the target layer is convolved with the primary wave reflection coefficient to forward synthesize a primary wave model.

[0270] Further, the well logging data includes acoustic travel time curve and density curve; the computer program, when executed by the processor, can further implement the following steps:

[0271] The velocity is obtained based on the reciprocal of the acoustic travel time curve;

[0272] The velocity is multiplied by the density in the density curve to calculate the wave impedance body of the seismic work area.

[0273] It can be understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments can be mutually referred to, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can be referred to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0274] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two.

[0275] Any procedural or methodological descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein can be understood to represent modules, segments, or portions of code that include executable instructions for implementing the specific logical functions or steps, and the scope of preferred embodiments of the present application includes additional implementations in which the functions are performed in a different order, including substantially simultaneously, or in reverse order, as will be understood by those skilled in the art of the embodiments to which the present application pertains.

[0276] It should be understood that portions of the present application can be realized with hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be realized as software or firmware to be executed by a suitable instruction-executing system and stored in a storage. For example, if realized with hardware, and as in another embodiment, it can be realized with any one or a combination of the following technologies known in the art: discrete logic circuit having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGA), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), etc.

[0277] Those skilled in the art of the present technology can understand that all or part of the steps carried out by the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by a program instructing the relevant hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0278] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing module 32, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one module. The above-mentioned integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. The integrated module, if realized in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0279] The above-mentioned storage medium can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0280] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0281] Although the disclosed embodiments of the present application are as described above, the above description is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, can make any modification and change in the form and details of the implementation, but the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of suppressing interbed multiples, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: determining the first wave reflection coefficient of each target layer according to the logging data of the target layer of the obtained seismic work area, and forward synthesizing a first wave model; forwarding the obtained single shot gather data to synthesize a multiple wave model of the single shot gather; fusing the first wave model and the multiple wave model to obtain a full wave seismic model; determining the cross-correlation coefficient of the forward record of each wave in the full wave seismic model and the actual seismic trace; identifying the layer position generating the multiple wave according to the cross-correlation coefficient; carrying out multiple wave suppression on the seismic data of the layer position to obtain target seismic data after suppression; forwarding the obtained single shot gather data to synthesize a multiple wave model of the single shot gather, comprising: taking a seismic trace in the single shot gather data to be predicted as a seismic trace to be predicted, and calculating the weighted attribute of the spatial information between the shot point and the geophone in each grid point in the aperture range based on the set aperture range and grid point coordinates; determining the approximate trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted according to the weighted attribute of the spatial information between the shot point and the geophone; carrying out difference correction on the seismic trace to be predicted and the approximate trace to obtain the adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and the adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace; convolving the adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and the adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace to obtain the convolution adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point; summing the convolution adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point to obtain the multiple wave model of the seismic trace to be predicted; taking the multiple wave models of all predicted seismic traces as the multiple wave model of the single shot gather.

2. The method of suppressing interbed multiples according to claim 1, wherein, carrying out multiple wave suppression on the seismic data of the layer position to obtain target seismic data after suppression, comprising: preprocessing the seismic data of the layer position to obtain full wave field data of the layer position; performing Fourier transform on the full wave field data to obtain frequency-wave number domain data; performing constant background velocity migration on the frequency-wave number domain data to obtain pseudo-depth domain data; using the inverse scattering series method to predict interlayer multiple waves according to the pseudo-depth domain data to obtain interlayer multiple wave data after removing wavelets; performing inverse Fourier transform on the interlayer multiple wave data after removing wavelets to obtain space-time domain data; performing wavelet compensation processing on the space-time domain data to obtain interlayer multiple wave data after compensation of wavelets; subtracting the interlayer multiple wave data after compensation of wavelets from the preprocessed seismic data to obtain interlayer multiple wave suppressed seismic data.

3. The method of suppressing interbed multiples according to claim 1, wherein, determining the first wave reflection coefficient of each layer according to the logging data of the target layer of the obtained seismic work area, and forward synthesizing a first wave model, comprising: determining the wave impedance body of the seismic work area according to the logging data of the target layer of the obtained seismic work area; converting the wave impedance body into a first wave reflection coefficient; convolving the wavelet extracted from the seismic data of the target layer with the first wave reflection coefficient to forward synthesize a first wave model.

4. The method of suppressing interbed multiples according to claim 1, wherein, The logging data comprises acoustic travel time curve and density curve; determining the wave impedance body of the seismic work area according to the logging data of the target layer of the obtained seismic work area, comprising: obtaining the velocity based on the acoustic travel time curve to obtain the inverse; The velocity is multiplied by the density in the density curve to calculate the wave impedance body of the seismic work area.

5. An apparatus for suppressing interbed multiples, characterized by, Comprise: A primary wave forward modeling module, configured to determine a primary wave reflection coefficient of each target layer according to the obtained well logging data of the target layer of the seismic work area, and forward synthesize a primary wave model; A multiple wave forward modeling module, configured to forward synthesize a multiple wave model of a single shot gather by forward modeling the obtained single shot gather data to be predicted; A full wave forward modeling module, configured to fuse the primary wave model and the multiple wave model to obtain a full wave seismic model; A determination module, configured to determine a cross-correlation coefficient between a forward record of each wave in the full wave seismic model and an actual seismic trace; An identification module, configured to identify a layer position generating multiple waves according to the cross-correlation coefficient; A suppression module, configured to perform multiple wave suppression on seismic data of the layer position to obtain target seismic data after suppression. The multiple wave forward modeling module is specifically configured to: Take a seismic trace in the single shot gather data to be predicted as a seismic trace to be predicted, and calculate a weighting attribute of spatial information between a shot point and a receiver point of each grid point in the aperture range based on a set aperture range and grid point coordinates; Determine an approximate trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted according to the weighting attribute between the shot point and the receiver point; Perform difference correction on the seismic trace to be predicted and the approximate trace to obtain an adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and an adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace; Fold the adjusted trace corresponding to the seismic trace to be predicted and the adjusted trace corresponding to the approximate trace to obtain a folded adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point; Sum the folded adjusted trace corresponding to each grid point to obtain a multiple wave model of the seismic trace to be predicted; Take the multiple wave models of all predicted seismic traces as the multiple wave model of the single shot gather.

6. The apparatus for suppressing interbed multiples according to claim 5, wherein, The suppression module is specifically configured to: Perform preprocessing on the seismic data of the layer position to obtain full wave field data; Perform Fourier transform on the full wave field data to obtain frequency-wave number domain data; Perform constant background velocity migration on the frequency-wave number domain data to obtain pseudo-depth domain data; Perform interlayer multiple wave prediction on the pseudo-depth domain data by using an inverse scattering series method to obtain interlayer multiple wave data after removing a wavelet; Perform inverse Fourier transform on the interlayer multiple wave data after removing the wavelet to obtain space-time domain data; Perform wavelet compensation processing on the space-time domain data to obtain interlayer multiple wave data after compensating the wavelet; Match and subtract the preprocessed seismic data and the interlayer multiple wave data after compensating the wavelet to obtain seismic data after interlayer multiple wave suppression.

7. An apparatus for suppressing interbed multiples, characterized by, Comprise a memory and a processor; The memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the interlayer multiple wave suppression method in any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the interlayer multiple wave suppression method in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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