Method for producing a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer, polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer and cladding element

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for producing a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer for a facing element, wherein the process comprises the following process steps: A) providing a base layer comprising or consisting of plastic; B) printing an ornament on the upper side of the base layer facing the active side; C) connecting, preferably gluing, an active layer, preferably transparent, to the printed base layer to form a layer composite, preferably solid; D) at least partially regionally, preferably fully planarly, embossing the layer composite with a structure which is at least substantially synchronous with the ornament, wherein the embossed structure is present both on the upper side of the layer composite facing the active side and at least partially regionally on the lower side thereof facing away from the active side; E) applying a surface-closing layer, preferably a paint layer, to the upper side of the layer composite facing the active side; F) optionally: curing the surface-closing layer, preferably the paint layer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer, wherein the cover layer is intended for a floor covering element, in particular a floor covering element, a wall covering element or a floor panel. Preferably, the cover layer is intended for joining, preferably gluing, to a support panel of the floor covering element.

[0002] Further, the present invention relates to a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer, which is in particular intended for joining, preferably gluing, to a support panel of a floor covering element, and to a floor covering element comprising a cover layer of the aforementioned type. BACKGROUND

[0003] In practice, it is preferred to use plastic-containing cover layers for floor covering elements, in particular for vinyl floor coverings and / or composite floor panels, due to the low production costs. Plastic-containing cover layers are in particular wear-resistant and crack-resistant, or have a high wear resistance. The cover layers used for floor covering elements provide a decor or have such a decor here. By using plastic-containing cover layers, the possibility is created to be able to incorporate and use differently printed decors, so that a high flexibility with regard to the floor covering design is possible. Furthermore, plastic-containing cover layers meet high requirements with regard to the hygiene of the floor covering. However, plastic-containing cover layers of the aforementioned type usually contain polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material. If PVC material is used, it is generally customary in practice to add health-damaging plasticizers to the material.

[0004] Further, it is known from practice that, for health reasons, the use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in floor coverings is to be abandoned. Thus, for polyvinyl chloride-free cover layers, the use of plasticizers or further harmful additives can be avoided. Plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride are precisely health-damaging and are therefore to be avoided. Therefore, in the prior art, such plastic materials are used for plastic-containing cover layers which are polyvinyl chloride-free and thus also do not require any plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride.

[0005] In order to improve the haptics and the overall appearance of the floor covering element, it is known from the prior art that polyvinyl chloride-free cover layers have a surface structure, which can be introduced, for example, in the process of pressing the cover layer. However, due to the limitations in the production process, this surface structure does not meet the high requirements with regard to the haptics, in particular because it is only possible to produce a structure in the uppermost film layer of the cover layer. Thus, only a relatively low structure depth can be produced, which is hardly perceptible to the user. Ultimately, the "actual" embossing of the structure is not completed in the cover layer designed to be polyvinyl chloride-free.

[0006] Thus, in polyvinyl chloride-free cover layers, although the advantage of avoiding health-damaging substances can be achieved, disadvantages arise with regard to the overall appearance of the cover layer and in particular with regard to its haptics. SUMMARY

[0007] It is now the object of the present application to avoid or at least substantially reduce the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art.

[0008] According to the present application, the method for producing a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer for a cladding element preferably comprises the following method steps in the order given, at least substantially achieving the aforementioned objects in the method:

[0009] A) providing a substrate layer comprising and / or consisting of plastic;

[0010] B) imprinting an embossing on the upper side of the substrate layer facing the active side;

[0011] C) connecting, preferably gluing, an preferably transparent active layer to the imprinted substrate layer to form an preferably solid layer composite (Schichtenverbund);

[0012] D) at least regionally, preferably fully planarly, embossing the layer composite with a structure which is at least substantially synchronous with the embossing, wherein the embossed structure is present both on the upper side of the layer composite facing the active side and at least regionally on the lower side thereof facing away from the active side;

[0013] E) applying a surface-closing layer, preferably a lacquer layer, to the upper side of the layer composite facing the active side;

[0014] F) optionally: curing the surface-closing layer, preferably the lacquer layer.

[0015] In the following, the order of the method steps will also be discussed. In this connection, it is to be understood that the expression "before" relates to the preceding method step, not to the immediately preceding method step. If, for example, method step Y is carried out before method step Z, it can be planned such that after carrying out step Y and before carrying out step Z, process steps X and / or P can also be carried out.

[0016] The same applies to the expression "after". If, for example, method step Y is carried out after method step Z, it can be planned such that after carrying out step Z and before carrying out step Y, process steps X and / or P can also be carried out.

[0017] Within the scope of the present application, a "cover layer" is in particular also understood to include a multilayer composite of at least two film layers and / or mat layers, which can be built up from individual mat layers which are preferably stably connected to one another in the final state.

[0018] According to the application, it is understood that the method steps A) to F) can also be performed in a different order. Preferably, the method steps A), B) and C) are performed in this order first. Subsequently, in further embodiments, the method steps D) to F) can also be performed in a different order.

[0019] Further, it is understood that the method step F) can optionally be performed. According to the application, "curing" is also understood as self-curing and / or self-drying of the surface closure layer.

[0020] The surface closure layer can be designed as a surface coating and / or as a lacquer layer. The material of the surface closure layer can in particular comprise and / or consist of at least one high molecular compound. Preferably, the material of the surface closure layer is chemically prepared.

[0021] In particular, the surface closure can be performed using a lacquer. A "lacquer" is in particular understood as a liquid and / or powder-like coating which can be applied to a plane. By means of different chemical and / or physical processes, which can also include self-drying and / or self-curing, the coating can be formed into a preferably continuous and / or solid film.

[0022] Preferably, the lacquer layer can comprise materials such as resins, dispersions and / or solvents.

[0023] In addition to chemical compounds, the surface closure layer can also comprise "natural" substances such as waxes to seal the surface, in addition.

[0024] In the sense of the application, "embossed in sync with the motif" can be understood as embossing in which the structure of the embossing faces the motif, i.e. the motif printed onto the base layer. Here, the embossing in sync with the motif is designed to be in particular at least substantially in sync with the motif or with the various element elements such as cracks, branches, etc.

[0025] According to the application, it can also be provided that the embossing in sync with the motif is performed only partially in areas in which the base layer also comprises further areas or the motif comprises further element elements which comprise embossing which is not in sync with the motif or do not comprise any embossing or configuration at all.

[0026] Finally, the "embossing in sync with the motif" or the so-called "synced micro- holes" are understood as follows: In the printed motif, for example, the recesses displayed are also actual recesses in the layer composite or cover layer. However, this can only be provided for certain recesses or only in certain areas. The recesses are not designed as perforations, but rather the layer composite is defined or punched, in particular, into the range of the structure.

[0027] The recesses of the structure can extend in the longitudinal direction, in the transverse direction and in directions extending therebetween of the cover element or cover layer. At the same time, however, the recesses can also have different forms, for example be designed curved, in particular corresponding to the design of the printed decor.

[0028] Furthermore, the recesses can extend in one region in a punctiform manner and in particular in another region in an elongated manner. This is in particular dependent on the decor selected for printing onto the substrate layer.

[0029] Further, the recesses of the structure can also extend over or comprise a plurality of structure layers.

[0030] A decor which is often found in practice is a wood grain and / or a stone grain, wherein the "synchronous micro-embossments" or embossed structures face the selected decor. Ultimately, however, it is also possible to equip any decor with structures which are synchronous with the decor. In particular, as explained previously, it is also possible to only synchronously emboss individual elements or individual regions of the decor, such as for example characteristic cracks, branches, flowers, etc.

[0031] Furthermore, the "synchronous embossing" is in particular understood to be an embossing which has a maximum tolerance of 3 mm in the height and / or width of the synchronicity of the structure with the decor.

[0032] With respect to the prior art, the following essential advantage arises, namely that the overall appearance of the cover layer or of the cover layer-equipped cover element can be improved, since instead of a surface structure which is not synchronous with the decor, at least a surface structure which is substantially synchronous with the decor can be provided.

[0033] Further, according to the application, the possibility is achieved that not only the uppermost layer of the cover layer is structured, but also other layers, for example the substrate layer. According to the application, this allows in particular to increase the maximum depth which the surface configuration or structure reaches.

[0034] In particular, the embossed structure can be depicted or represented through the entire thinness or thickness of the cover layer, which ultimately contributes to improving the haptics. It is to be understood here that the surface configuration on the upper side of the cover layer can differ from the surface configuration on the lower side. It can thus be provided that the maximum depth which the surface configuration on the upper side reaches exceeds the maximum height of the surface configuration on the lower side.

[0035] In the sense of the application, the "effective side" is understood to be the side which in the installed state is exposed to loads and in particular serves as a working face or outer surface. If for example a floor cover element is designed as a cover element, the effective side is the outer side of the cover element which faces the space.

[0036] It is particularly preferred that the layer composite is provided only with the embossed structure on the underside of the layer composite in such a strength that it can be connected, in particular laminated, without problems to a further carrier layer or support plate or support foil in a further production method. Thus, a sufficient adhesion of the cover layer for use as a floor covering can be ensured.

[0037] The cover layer can finally be used as a semi-finished product for the production of a covering element. In particular, the cover layer can also be temporarily installed as a semi-finished product before the connection to a support plate or covering element. Thus, different covering elements can be realized by joining different cover layers, in particular wherein the other structures of the covering elements can be at least substantially identical or structurally identical.

[0038] By the gluing of the cover layer, an individually presettable appearance of the covering element can in particular be realized. Furthermore, by the embossed relief, the overall appearance and the haptics can also be improved in particular at low production costs.

[0039] According to the application, the production method for the separate production of the cover layer and the joining of the cover layer to a support plate of a covering element preferably allows the production of the overall covering element to be simplified and the production costs to be reduced due to the unnecessary in-line production for joining the cover layer.

[0040] In addition, according to the application, the cover layer, which comprises and / or consists of plastic and is free of polyvinyl chloride, can be equipped with a relief, wherein by separating the embossing of the relief from the gluing to the covering element, the swelling behavior of the layer composite can be better taken into account.

[0041] Furthermore, cost savings are achieved by reducing the rejects due to the sequential gluing or connection and structuring.

[0042] In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the application of a surface-closing layer, preferably a lacquer layer, is carried out before or after the embossing of the layer composite (see method step E). Thus, method step E) can be carried out before or after method step D). The advantage of applying the surface-closing layer (method step E) after the embossing (method step D) is that the surface-closing layer, in particular a lacquer, can adapt to the punched structure and in particular is not damaged by the embossing.

[0043] However, depending on the method design, it can also be meaningful to apply the surface-closing layer before the embossing in order to protect the underlying layers in particular during the embossing.

[0044] After the application of the surface closure layer (method step E), the curing of the surface closure layer is carried out (method step F). However, it is also possible to achieve the curing before or after the pad printing (method step D). The sequence can depend on whether the surface closure layer is applied to the layer composite before or after the pad printing layer composite. Thus, it can be provided in a further embodiment that the surface closure layer is applied to the layer composite and subsequently the pad printing layer composite, wherein the curing is carried out after the pad printing. However, in principle, it is also possible to provide that the surface closure layer is applied before the pad printing and subsequently also cured before the pad printing. Thus, it is possible to carry out the method steps E) and F) before the method step D).

[0045] Preferably, the curing of the surface closure layer, preferably the lacquer layer, is carried out by means of electron beam curing. Electron beam curing has the advantage that the surface closure layer or the lacquer is arranged on the punched structure and after the electron beam curing is also arranged or remains "attached" on the punched structure. Furthermore, by means of electron beam curing, it is possible to avoid heating or preheating the entire layer structure of the cover layer, which would otherwise influence the material properties of the other layers. Further, the curing of the surface closure layer or the lacquer layer by means of low-energy accelerated electrons is a method which is practically modern and very short-acting, i.e. fast, and which can furthermore be carried out resource-saving and energy-efficient. Finally, electron beam curing in particular causes that the molecules in the reactive lacquer system can crosslink with one another under standard pressure atmosphere. By means of the gentle treatment achieved by means of electron beam curing, it is also possible to use other layers which are susceptible to temperature changes or layer composites which are susceptible to temperature changes.

[0046] The cured surface closure layer has a high abrasion resistance, while at the same time having a heat resistance. Furthermore, there is a very good adhesion between the upper side of the active layer facing the surface closure layer and the surface closure layer. In addition to this, by means of the electron beam-cured surface closure layer, a high UV stability of the entire layer composite or of the entire cover layer is achieved.

[0047] In a more preferred embodiment of the inventive concept, it is provided that a first adhesion enhancer layer is applied on the lower side of the base layer before the gluing or connecting with the active layer. The first adhesion enhancer layer can also be referred to as a primer layer and is in particular provided for the later connection or gluing of the cover layer with the support plate of the facing element. That is, the lower side of the base layer can in particular form the outer side (lower side) of the cover layer. Finally, the "adhesion function" of the cover layer can be provided by the first adhesion enhancer layer, so that a simplified connection or simplified gluing with the support plate of the facing element can be ensured.

[0048] Alternatively or additionally, it is preferably provided that, after the formation of the layer composite (see method step C) and before the application of the surface closure layer (see method step E), a further adhesion promoter layer is applied at least partially regionally on the upper side of the effective layer facing away from the base layer. At the moment of application of the further adhesion promoter layer (which can also be referred to as a further primer layer), the upper side of the effective layer is in particular the upper side outer surface of the layer composite.

[0049] The surface closure layer (preferably a paint layer) can in particular be applied to the further adhesion promoter layer. Thus, the further adhesion promoter layer can improve the connection of the effective layer to the surface closure layer and preferably ensure a lasting connection between the effective layer and the surface closure layer.

[0050] In this connection, it is to be understood that the further adhesion promoter layer can also be provided independently of the first adhesion promoter layer. The designation of the "further" adhesion promoter layer ultimately serves to distinguish from the first adhesion promoter layer.

[0051] Preferably, both the first adhesion promoter layer and / or the further adhesion promoter layer have an adhesive as a material, in particular wherein the adhesive comprises a resin base, in particular a synthetic resin base.

[0052] It is also possible to apply the further adhesion promoter layer after the embossing structure, so that the further adhesion promoter layer can be arranged on the punched structure.

[0053] Preferably, in method step C, for the connection of the effective layer to the printed base layer, a gluing process is carried out. In the gluing process, preferably in a thermal gluing process, the effective layer is in particular connected to the base layer by means of pressure and / or heat.

[0054] Furthermore, a glue, in particular an adhesive, can be used in the gluing process for the connection of the effective layer to the base layer. Thus, after the gluing, between the upper side of the base layer facing the effective layer and the lower side of the effective layer facing the base layer, at least one glue layer can be arranged. Ultimately, the glue layer is an adhesive layer, which can be arranged at least partially regionally (preferably fully planarly) between the effective layer and the base layer. In particular, a urethane adhesive, a paint, a glue and / or a resin can be used as glue. The glue is preferably also used in the thermal gluing process. Further, the glue can be applied at least partially regionally to the side of the effective layer facing away from the effective side and / or to the upper side of the base layer before the gluing. After the application of the glue layer, the gluing can preferably be carried out by means of pressure and / or heat in order to stably connect the effective layer and the base layer.

[0055] Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the active layer is connected to the base layer by means of lamination to form a layer composite (see method step C). By "lamination process" is particularly understood a material- fitting thermal joining process without the use of auxiliary materials. Thus, in the lamination process, in particular, the application of a glue can be dispensed with. Preferably, as a joining process, a thermal lamination is carried out, in which, in particular, the adhesive properties of the active layer and / or the base layer can be utilized to stably connect the layer composite.

[0056] In another preferred embodiment, the transfer of the layer composite is carried out by means of a structure cylinder (see method step D). In particular, for the transfer, the layer composite is preferably transferred and / or pressed and / or heated by means of pressure and / or heat. The structure cylinder is in particular premised in a repeating sequence of the motif or in a repeating motif pattern in successive sections, in particular, wherein the length of the sections depends on the lateral or circumferential length of the cylinder or vice versa.

[0057] Alternatively or additionally, a structure paper can be used. For the structure paper, the length of the "structure sections" is in particular independent of the circumference of the structure cylinder. Thus, shorter or longer structure sections can be realized.

[0058] Preferably, an impression cylinder is used for the application of the motif. In particular, an expansion also occurs during the printing, for example due to the pressure of the impression cylinder and / or due to the contact with the pigments and / or water, in particular when printing onto paper. The expansion is preferably taken into account when creating the impression cylinder. In particular, the impression cylinder and / or the structure cylinder for the "synchronous micro- holes" are tuned to each other such that, in a next step, the motif produced by the impression cylinder can be transferred by the corresponding structure cylinder in synchronization with the motif.

[0059] In the use of the structure cylinder and / or the impression cylinder, in particular, a calibration of the printing and / or transfer method is advantageous. Thus, in a calibration method, which is in particular located before the manufacturing method, the expansion coefficient of the layer composite (in the structure cylinder) or of the cover layer can be determined in a first process step, in particular, wherein the information determined therefor is utilized when creating the corresponding structure cylinder and / or impression cylinder, in particular, depending on the motif to be printed.

[0060] In the printing method carried out by means of the impression cylinder, the expansion in particular involves the base layer and in particular not the entire cover layer, in particular because the printing is carried out before the creation of the layer composite.

[0061] It can be provided that the structure cylinder has so-called orientation marks, also called alignment marks, at certain marking points. Corresponding uniform alignment marks or orientation marks can be provided on the printed cover layer and / or on the impression cylinder. An adjustment, in particular carried out by means of an optical system such as a camera, makes it possible to calibrate and in particular to carry out a transfer, preferably in synchronization with the motif.

[0062] Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible to check the synchronization of the embossing and the structure ex post, that is to say after the cover layer has been produced. Thus, it is possible to repeatedly achieve an adjustment of the structure cylinder and the printed pattern, so that a as precise as possible embossing synchronization of the embossing is possible.

[0063] Finally, due to the expansion properties of the heated material, there is a deviation between the structure on the structure cylinder and the dried transfer structure, preferably the cover layer.

[0064] In another preferred embodiment, the embossing can be applied to the base layer by means of different printing methods, such as offset printing, flexographic printing, digital printing and / or gravure printing. Particularly preferably, the embossing is applied to the base layer by means of a rotogravure printing method. The printing method can be selected depending on the base layer to be printed and / or depending on the desired print image or the embossing to be produced.

[0065] Preferably, the printing of the embossing is built up from a plurality of individual image layers, in particular wherein the application is effected by means of a rotogravure printing method. Rotogravure printing methods in particular make a high printing speed and thus preferably a low production cost possible.

[0066] Furthermore, the present application relates to a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer, preferably a cover layer comprising and / or consisting of plastic, which is intended for connection, preferably gluing, to the support plate of a floor panel. In particular, the cover layer is produced according to the method according to any one of the preceding embodiments. The cover layer according to the present application comprises a base layer and an active layer, which are stably connected to one another as a layer composite.

[0067] It is to be understood that the layer composite can also comprise further layers. The layer composite is transferred with a structure which is intended at least regionally and which is at least substantially synchronized with the embossing. The transferred structure is present both on the upper side of the layer composite and at least regionally on the lower side thereof. Likewise, the cover layer comprises a cured surface-closing layer, preferably a lacquer layer, which is intended on the upper side of the layer composite.

[0068] In order to avoid unnecessary explanations and / or repetitions, reference is made to the explanations in the foregoing, which are also applicable in the same way to the polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer according to the present application. In particular, reference is made to the explanations in the foregoing with regard to the advantages of the polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer.

[0069] Preferably, the cover layer can be applied to the carrier layer, in particular by gluing using a glue, without the structural depth being significantly reduced. The glue can level and / or fill different protruding and / or recessed portions or unevennesses on the underside of the cover layer. Thus, preferably, when joining the cover layer to the support plate or carrier layer, the depth of the structure of the cover layer according to the application is not unintentionally levelled, for example due to pressing, due to high pressure and / or due to heat.

[0070] The structure present on the upper side of the cover layer facing the active side in the end can differ from the structure present on the underside. Thus, the upper side can be equipped, for example, at least substantially entirely planarly, with a structure at least substantially synchronous with the embossing, wherein the underside structure can be present only partially regionally. By way of example, only particularly deep recessed portions of the upper side structure can be present on the underside.

[0071] The structure on the upper side of the layer composite and / or of the cover layer preferably has a maximum depth of up to 1 mm, preferably of up to 0.5 mm, more preferably of between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm. In particular, the maximum depth of the layer composite on the upper side of the embossed structure is 0.16 mm + / - 0.05 mm. Thus, the maximum depth can be significantly increased, preferably by at least 75%, compared to the prior art.

[0072] Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the structure on the underside of the layer composite and / or on the underside of the cover layer has a maximum height of up to 100 μιη, preferably of up to 90 μιη, more preferably of between 30 μιη and 90 μιη. The aforementioned dimensions in particular illustrate that the maximum depth of the structure on the upper side differs from the maximum height of the underside. In this connection, it is to be understood that the maximum depth on the upper side corresponds to the (in particular maximum) height of the protrusion on the underside corresponding to the recess on the upper side. Here, the maximum height on the underside is to be understood as giving the distance between the base surface or normal plane and the protrusion.

[0073] The thickness of the cover layer is preferably between 0.1 mm, preferably between 0.1 mm and 0.4 mm, more preferably between 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm.

[0074] Preferably, the substrate layer and / or the active layer comprises and / or consists of a thermoplastic as a polyvinyl chloride-free material. As thermoplastic, in particular polypropylene, polyethylene and / or polyurethane is provided. The aforementioned plastics in particular make possible an ecological and health- friendly facing element or corresponding cover layer.

[0075] In a further preferred embodiment, the substrate layer is designed as a substrate film and / or as a substrate foil.

[0076] Further, the present application relates to a facing element which is intended to be used as a floor facing element, a wall facing element and / or a floor facing element for a floor facing, a wall facing and / or a floor facing. The facing element according to the present application comprises at least one support plate and at least one cover layer according to at least one of the preceding embodiments. The underside of the cover layer which faces away from the active side is preferably stably connected to the upper side of the support plate which faces the active side.

[0077] In particular, at least one further layer, preferably an elastic layer, a sound-absorbing and / or shock-absorbing layer and / or an electrically functional layer, can be arranged between the cover layer and the support plate.

[0078] With regard to the facing element according to the present application, it is to be understood that the preceding explanations with regard to the method according to the present application and with regard to the cover layer according to the present application also apply in the same manner to the facing element according to the present application without having to be discussed in detail. In particular, with regard to the preferred embodiments and / or advantages of the facing element according to the present application, reference can be made in particular to the preceding explanations with regard to the method according to the present application and / or with regard to the cover layer according to the present application.

[0079] In a particularly preferred embodiment, corresponding congruent tongue-and-groove connection geometries are intended to be provided on opposite sides of the support plate. The connection geometries are in particular intended to form a snap connection. Further, the connection geometries comprise a groove side with a groove and a tenon side opposite the groove side with a tenon. In this regard, it is to be understood that both the longitudinal sides and / or the transverse sides can comprise corresponding connection geometries, such that the support plate in particular comprises connection geometries which surround on the edge sides. Thus, the longitudinal sides can form corresponding congruent tongue-and-groove connection geometries, wherein the transverse sides of the support plate can also form corresponding congruent tongue-and-groove connection geometries.

[0080] Alternatively or additionally, it can be intended that corresponding congruent button and / or bayonet connection geometries can be intended to be provided on opposite sides of the support plate. Finally, the preceding connection geometries are in particular intended to form a simple snap connection of the facing element. This makes a simple and quick laying possible, which in particular does not have to be carried out by a professional.

[0081] Preferably, a tensile layer (Gegenzug) is arranged on the underside of the support plate. Finally, the tensile layer can face the underside of the support plate. As a tensile layer, a layer of kraft paper and / or a layer of softwood and / or a layer composed of foamed polyolefin (XPO) can preferably be intended. The tensile layer is in particular intended to make the facing element resistant to deformation.

[0082] In another preferred embodiment, HDF boards (high-density fiberboard), solid wood layers and / or MDF boards (medium-density wood fiberboard) can be provided as support boards. Alternatively or additionally, it can also be provided that the support boards comprise and / or consist of plastic as a material. As a plastic, polypropylene and / or polyethylene is preferably provided. Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the support boards are designed to be free of polyvinyl chloride, so that preferably polyvinyl chloride-free finishing elements can be provided.

[0083] Furthermore, the support boards can also have a low expansion value and, in particular, can be designed to be at least substantially water-resistant and / or water-repellent, preferably by integrating additives into the support boards, in particular glue and / or resin.

[0084] Furthermore, the support boards can also comprise mineral components. As mineral components, calcium carbonate and / or talcum powder can be provided. In particular, the support boards can also comprise plastic and / or minerals.

[0085] Furthermore, the layer thickness of the support boards can be at least 2 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 10 mm, more preferably between 4 mm and 7 mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0086] Further characteristics, advantages and possibilities of application of the present application result from the following description of embodiments of the application, made with the aid of the drawings, and from the drawings themselves. Here, all features described and / or illustrated form the subject matter of the present application, either alone or in any combination, regardless of their summary in the claims or their citation in the preceding claims.

[0087] In the drawings:

[0088] Figure 1 a schematic diagram of a process flow for producing a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer according to the present application is shown according to a first embodiment;

[0089] Figure 2 a schematic diagram of a process flow for producing a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer according to the present application is shown according to a second embodiment;

[0090] Figure 3 a schematic diagram of a process flow for producing a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer according to the present application is shown according to a third embodiment;

[0091] Figure 4 a schematic diagram of a process flow for producing a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer according to the present application is shown according to a fourth embodiment;

[0092] Figure 5 a schematic diagram of a process flow for producing a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer according to the present application is shown according to a fifth embodiment;

[0093] Figure 6 a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover layer according to the present application is shown;

[0094] Figure 7 a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover layer according to the present application is shown;

[0095] Figure 8 a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover layer according to the present application is shown;

[0096] Figure 9 a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover layer according to the present application is shown;

[0097] Figure 10 a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover layer according to the present application is shown;

[0098] Figure 11 a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover layer according to the present application is shown;

[0099] Figure 12 a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover layer according to the present application is shown;

[0100] Figure 13 a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover layer according to the present application is shown;

[0101] Figure 14 a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover layer according to the present application is shown; and

[0102] Figure 15 a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover layer according to the present application is shown; and DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0103] Figure 1 a flow chart of a method for producing a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer 1 is shown. The cover layer 1 can be built up in multiple layers, as schematically shown in Figure 6 . The cover layer 1 can be intended for gluing or rather for connection with a support plate 2 of a facing element 3.

[0104] In Figure 1 , the individual method steps are labeled with letters. In this regard, as set out hereinafter, each letter represents an individual method step.

[0105] In Figure 1 , the process step designated with A provides for providing a base layer 4 comprising and / or consisting of plastic. For example, the base layer 4 is schematically shown in Figure 6 .

[0106] Following method step A, in step B it is provided that the upper side 5 of the base layer 4 is printed with a pattern 6. By printing the pattern 6, it is possible to finally provide a pattern layer. The upper side 5 of the base layer 4 faces the active side 7. The active side 7 finally represents the use side in the installed state of the facing element 3, for example the working surface when using the facing element 3 as a floor facing element.

[0107] In Figure 1 , following method step B, in method step C it is provided that the base layer 4 is connected with an active layer 8. The active layer 8 is in particular designed to be transparent or at least substantially transparent. Preferably, in method step B it is provided that a gluing process is used for connecting the base layer 4 and the active layer 8. After connecting the layers 4, 8, a layer composite 9 is obtained, which can comprise the layers 4, 8 stably connected to each other. In addition to the active layer 8 and / or the base layer 4, the layer composite 9 can also comprise further layers.

[0108] It is already to be noted here that further process steps can also be provided between the individual process steps shown. Finally, in the flowchart shown according to Figures 1 to 5 , a schematic sequence of the individual method steps shown is visualized.

[0109] Furthermore, successive method steps can be carried out at least substantially directly in succession or time-shifted.

[0110] Thus, for example between method step A and step B, a further method step can be provided, such as a temporary positioning of the base layer. Also, the time intervals between individual successive process steps can also vary.

[0111] Figure 1 It is further shown that following process step C, in process step D it is provided that the layer composite 9 is at least partially regionally, preferably fully planarly, embossed with a structure 10 which is at least substantially synchronous with the pattern 6. Here, the structure 10 is embossed such that it is present both on an upper side 11 of the layer composite 9 facing the active side 7 and at least partially regionally on a lower side 12 of the layer composite 9 facing away from the active side 7. The structure 10 can be formed on the upper side 11 by recesses 13. Protrusions 14 on the lower side 12 of the layer composite 9 can correspond to the recesses 13 on the upper side 11. In this regard, a depth 15 of a first recess can be different from a height 16 of a first protrusion corresponding to the first recess, such that, as is schematically shown for example in Figure 12 , the height 16 can be designed to be smaller than the depth 15.

[0112] Following method step D, it is possible as schematically according to Figure 1It can be seen that in method step E a surface closure layer 17, preferably a lacquer layer, is applied to the upper side 11 of the layer composite 9 facing the active side 7.

[0113] Subsequently to method step E, in method step F a curing of the surface closure layer 17, preferably a lacquer layer, is provided for.

[0114] In Figure 15 is shown schematically: "embossing of the structure 10 in synchrony with the decor" can be understood as the embossed structure 10 is designed to be at least substantially facing the decor 6 and in particular at least substantially in synchrony with the decor 6, i.e. for example at least several element elements 18 of the decor 6 correspond with the structure 10, so that the recessed portions shown as element elements 18 at least substantially correspond with the actual recessed portions 13 on the upper side 11 of the layer composite 9. Here small deviations due to the production method can occur, which for example are at most 2 mm + / - 1 mm.

[0115] In particular, the cracks, branches, etc. of the decor 6 shown correspond with the corresponding recessed portions 13. In this regard, it should be understood that it is also possible that there are other element elements 18 of the decor 6 which do not correspond with the structure 10. Finally, the "embossing in synchrony with the decor" should be understood as several element elements 18 or individual partial areas of the decor 6 are designed to be in synchrony with the structure 10, even when other element elements 18 or other partial areas of the decor 6 have a structure 10 which is not in synchrony.

[0116] The raised portions 14 on the lower side 12 are designed such that a good adhesion or attachment is also ensured when the cover layer 1 is later applied or in other words later connected, in particular glued, to the support plate 2. Thus, the structure 10 can be present on the lower side 12, but also the attachment of the entire cover layer 1 is ensured.

[0117] Figure 2 It is shown that the application of the surface closure layer 17 in method step E can also be realized before the embossing step D. Here, the curing of the surface closure layer 17 in method step F can be realized before or after the embossing in step D. Figure 2 It is shown that the curing F is realized after the embossing D. Preferably, as Figure 1 In contrast to Figure 2 It is explicitly continued with the process steps A to C in this order.

[0118] Figure 3 It is shown that the surface closure layer 17 in method step F is realized before the embossing in method step D. Thus, the curing in method step F is realized after the application of the surface closure layer 17 in method step E, but before or after the embossing in method step D.

[0119] Figure 4 It is shown that a further process step or method step G is provided, which, in the embodiment shown, is carried out before method step C, i.e. the joining of the active layer 8 to the substrate layer 4 to form the layer composite 9. In process step G, a first adhesion promoter layer 19 is applied to the substrate layer 4, i.e. to the lower side 20 of the substrate layer 4. In Figure 9 The first adhesion promoter layer 19 is shown schematically in Fig. 2. Method step G can also be implemented or carried out after method steps C, D, E and / or F, in particular after method step F has been carried out.

[0120] In principle, it is also possible to provide that method step G is carried out at least substantially simultaneously with method step B.

[0121] Figure 5 It is shown that method step H is integrated into the schematic process flow. In addition to or instead of method step G, method step H can also be carried out. In method step H, it is provided that, after the formation of the layer composite 9 (see method step C) and before the application of the surface closure layer 17 (see method step E), a further adhesion promoter layer 21 is applied at least regionally to the upper side 11 of the active layer 8 facing away from the substrate layer 4, as is shown schematically in Figure 9 The further adhesion promoter layer 21 can thus be arranged between the active layer 8 and the surface closure layer 17, wherein the surface closure layer 17 can be applied to the further adhesion promoter layer 21.

[0122] Finally, the further adhesion promoter layer 21 serves to improve the adhesion or joining of the surface closure layer 17 to the active layer 8.

[0123] The first adhesion promoter layer 19 and / or the further adhesion promoter layer 21 can each comprise or consist of a primer.

[0124] Furthermore, method step H can be carried out before or after the embossing in step D. Figure 5 It is shown that method step H is carried out after the embossing of the structure 10 to the layer composite 9.

[0125] Not shown is that, in step C for joining the substrate layer 4 to the active layer 8, a gluing process is used, in which the active layer 8 is joined to the substrate layer 4 by means of pressure and / or heat. This method can also be referred to as hot gluing.

[0126] In Figure 8For the gluing in step C, a glue 22 is used. The glue 22 can also eventually form a film layer which is arranged at least regionally, preferably entirely planar, on the upper side 5 of the substrate layer 4 or on the upper side 23 of the decor 6. Adhesives, in particular lacquers, glues and / or resins, can be used as glue 22.

[0127] The glue 22 can be applied at least regionally to the lower side 24 of the active layer 8 facing away from the active side 7 and / or to the upper side 5 of the substrate layer 4 or to the upper side 23 of the decor 6 before the gluing (in method step C). In this connection, it is to be understood that the upper side 5 of the substrate layer 4 can also be understood as the upper side 23 of the decor 6. Preferably, an at least substantially entire planar application of the glue 22 is intended.

[0128] In an alternative, but not shown, embodiment, it can be intended that in method step C the active layer 8 is connected to the substrate layer 4 by means of lamination to form the layer composite 9. In the course of the lamination, in particular, the use of the glue 22 or other adjuvants for the adhesion can be dispensed with.

[0129] Further, not shown is that in method step D the embossing of the structure 10 is carried out by means of a structure cylinder, wherein the cylinder can be rolled over the surface of the cover layer 1 and in the course of this embosses or stamps the structure 10 into or onto the cover layer 1 or the layer composite 9.

[0130] Not shown is that the decor 6 can be applied to the substrate layer 4 in a digital printing process by means of a platen cylinder and / or by means of a print head.

[0131] Thus, in the embossing, the layer composite 9 can be embossed and / or heated, preferably by means of pressure and / or heat.

[0132] Further, not shown is that the decor 6 is printed onto the substrate layer 4 by means of offset printing, flexographic printing, digital printing, gravure printing and / or screen printing.

[0133] Alternatively or additionally, it can also be intended that the printing of the decor 6 is built up from a plurality of individual image layers, in particular wherein the printing is carried out by means of a rotogravure printing process. This embodiment is also not shown in more detail.

[0134] Figure 6 A cover layer 1 free of polyvinyl chloride is shown. The cover layer 1 is intended for connection, preferably gluing, to the support plate 2 of the facing element 3, preferably as according to Figures 13 to 15 is schematically visible. The cover layer 1 can be produced according to the method according to any one of the preceding embodiments.

[0135] Figure 7The cover layer 1 shown in the figure comprises a base layer 4, which is printed with a pattern 6, and an active layer 8. The base layer 4 and the active layer 8 are stably connected to one another, at least regionally, into a layer composite 9. The layer composite 9 can be at least regionally overprinted with a structure 10 which is at least substantially synchronous with the pattern 6.

[0136] It has already been explained how the structure 10 which is synchronous with the pattern is to be understood.

[0137] Finally, several element elements 18 of the pattern 6 at least substantially and at least regionally coincide with corresponding recesses 13 of the layer composite 9. Preferably, a full- planar, pattern-synchronous design of the structure 10 is intended.

[0138] According to Figure 12 It is derived schematically that the structure 10 or rather the recesses 13 on the upper side 11 of the layer composite 9 are present both on the upper side 11 of the layer composite 9 and at least regionally on the lower side 12 of the layer composite 9. Here, the depth 15 of the recesses 13 can be designed to be greater than the height 16 of the protrusions 14 on the lower side which coincide with the recesses 13. Finally, it is not necessary that each recess 13 forms a protrusion 14 on the lower side 12. Rather, at least several recesses 13 are intended to form a corresponding protrusion 14 on the lower side, in particular.

[0139] In Figure 12 The depth 15 is indicated or rather shown schematically in the figure. Not shown is that the maximum depth 15 of the structure 10 is at most 1 mm, preferably between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm.

[0140] Figure 12 The layer structure shown in the figure comprises a cured surface closure layer 17 on the upper side 11 of the layer composite 9, which is preferably designed as a lacquer layer.

[0141] Also not shown is that the structure 10 on the lower side 12 of the layer composite 9 and / or of the cover layer 1 has a maximum height of at most 100 pm, or rather that the protrusions 14 on the lower side 12 have a maximum height 16 of at most 100 pm.

[0142] Figure 6 The cover layer 1 shown in the figure has a thickness 25 of at least 0.1 mm, in particular between 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm.

[0143] Not shown is that the base layer 4 is designed as a base film and / or as a base foil.

[0144] Furthermore, it cannot be derived from the shown embodiment that the base layer 4 and / or the active layer 8, as a material which does not contain polyvinyl chloride, preferably comprises and / or consists of a thermoplastic, preferably polypropylene, polyethylene and / or polyurethane.

[0145] In Figure 15 A facing element 3 is shown. The facing element 3 can be predestined as a floor facing element, a wall facing element and / or a floor panel for a floor facing, a wall facing and / or a floor facing. The facing element 3 comprises a support panel 2 and a cover layer 1 according to any of the preceding embodiments. The lower side 26 of the cover layer 1 facing away from the active side 7 is stably connected, preferably fully planarly connected, to the upper side 27 of the support panel 2 facing the active side 7.

[0146] It can also be predestined in further embodiments that the lower side 26 is connected to the upper side 27 at least regionally.

[0147] Preferably, the cover layer 1 is glued to the upper side 27 of the support panel 2.

[0148] Figure 13 It is shown that on the opposite sides of the support panel 2 corresponding congruent tongue and groove connection geometries 28 are predestined, in particular to form a snap connection. The tongue and groove connection geometry 28 comprises a groove side 29 with a groove 30 and a tongue side 31 with a tongue 32. The groove side 29 is opposite the tongue side 31.

[0149] Figure 15 It is shown that the opposite sides of the longitudinal sides are designed as corresponding congruent groove side 29 and tongue side 31.

[0150] It is not shown that the opposite sides of the transverse sides are designed as corresponding congruent groove side 29 and tongue side 31.

[0151] It is not shown that the opposite sides of the support panel 2 have corresponding congruent button and / or bayonet connection geometries.

[0152] Figure 13 It is also shown that on the lower side 33 of the support panel 2 a tensile layer 34 is arranged. In further embodiments, the tensile layer 34 can comprise a kraft paper, a cork layer and / or a foamed polyolefin (XPO).

[0153] Figure 13 The support panel 2 shown in is an HDF panel. It is not shown that in further embodiments the support panel 2 can be a solid wood layer and / or a MDF panel.

[0154] Furthermore, it is not shown that the support panel 2 comprises and / or consists of plastic as a material, preferably polypropylene and / or polyethylene. It is particularly preferred that the support panel 2 is also designed to be free of polyvinyl chloride.

[0155] Figure 13 The support panel 2 shown in has a layer thickness 35 of at least 2 mm.

[0156] List of reference signs:

[0157] 1 cover layer

[0158] 2 support plate

[0159] 3 facing element

[0160] 4 base layer

[0161] 5 upper side of base layer

[0162] 6 decor

[0163] 7 active side

[0164] 8 active layer

[0165] 9 layer composite

[0166] 10 structure

[0167] 11 upper side of layer composite

[0168] 12 lower side of layer composite

[0169] 13 recessed portion

[0170] 14 raised portion

[0171] 15 depth of recessed portion

[0172] 16 height of raised portion

[0173] 17 surface-closing layer

[0174] 18 element element

[0175] 19 first adhesion promoter layer

[0176] 20 lower side of base layer

[0177] 21 further adhesion promoter layer

[0178] 22 cement

[0179] 23 upper side of decor

[0180] 24 lower side of active layer

[0181] 25 thickness of cover layer

[0182] 26 lower side of cover layer

[0183] 27 upper side of support plate

[0184] 28 mortise-and-tenon connection geometry

[0185] 29 recessed side

[0186] 30 recess

[0187] 31 head side

[0188] 32 head

[0189] 33 lower side of the support plate

[0190] 34 tensile layer

[0191] 35 layer thickness of the support plate

Claims

1. A method for preparing a polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer (1) for a decorative element (3), wherein the method comprises the following steps: A) Provide a base layer containing or made of plastic (4); B) Print a pattern (6) on the upper side of the effective side (7) of the base layer (4); C) Connect the effective layer (8) to the printed base layer (4) to form a layer composite (9); D) At least a portion of the layer composite (9) is imprinted with a structure (10) corresponding to the pattern (6), wherein the structure (10) is imprinted such that it is present both on the upper side of the layer composite (9) facing the effective side (7) and at least a portion of the layer composite (9) on the lower side of the layer composite (9) away from the effective side (7). E) Apply a surface sealing layer (17) to the upper side of the layer composite (9) facing the effective side (7).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface sealing layer (17) is applied before or after the layer composite (9) is imprinted.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After the surface sealing layer (17) is applied, the surface sealing layer (17) is cured.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The surface sealing layer (17) is cured by means of electron beam curing.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective layer (8) in step C) is transparent.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step C), the solid layered composite (9) is formed.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step C), the effective layer (8) is bonded to the printed base layer (4) to form the layer composite (9).

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step D), the structure (10) corresponding to the pattern (6) is imprinted on the entire plane of the layer composite (9).

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first adhesion enhancer layer (19) is applied to the underside of the base layer (4).

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the formation of the layer composite (9) and before the application of the surface sealing layer (17), an additional adhesion enhancer layer (21) is applied, at least partially, to the upper side of the effective layer (8) opposite to the base layer (4).

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The surface sealing layer (17) is applied to the additional adhesion enhancer layer (21).

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The surface sealing layer (17) is a paint layer.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective layer (8) is connected to the base layer (4) by means of bonding achieved by pressure and / or heat.

14. The method according to claim 7 or 13, characterized in that, During the bonding process, an adhesive (22) is used to bond the effective layer (8) to the base layer (4).

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Use one or more of paint, glue, and resin as the adhesive (22).

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Prior to gluing, the adhesive (22) is applied at least partially to the underside of the effective layer (8) opposite to the effective side (7) and / or to the upper side of the base layer (4).

17. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective layer (8) is connected to the base layer (4) by means of lamination to form the layer complex (9).

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The layer composite (9) is imprinted using a structural cylinder.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The imprinting is performed by pressing and / or heating the layer composite (9).

20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The pattern (6) is printed onto the base layer (4) by means of one or more of offset printing, flexographic printing, digital printing, gravure printing and screen printing.

21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The pattern (6) is printed onto the base layer (4) by means of rotary gravure printing.

22. A polyvinyl chloride-free cover layer, the cover layer (1) being pre-designed for connection with a support plate (2) of a decorative element (3), wherein the cover layer (1) comprises a base layer (4) printed with a pattern (6) and an effective layer (8), wherein the base layer (4) and the effective layer (8) are stably interconnected to form a layer composite (9), wherein the layer composite (9) is at least partially imprinted with a structure (10) corresponding to the pattern (6), wherein the structure (10) is present both on the upper side of the layer composite (9) facing the effective side (7) and at least partially on the lower side (12) of the layer composite (9) away from the effective side (7), wherein a cured surface sealing layer (17) is pre-designed on the upper side of the layer composite (9).

23. The covering layer according to claim 22, characterized in that, The covering layer (1) is prepared according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

24. The covering layer according to claim 22, characterized in that, The surface sealing layer (17) is a paint layer.

25. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The maximum depth (15) of the structure (10) on the upper side of the cover layer (1) is 1 mm.

26. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The maximum depth of the structure (10) on the upper side of the cover layer (1) is 0.5 mm.

27. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The maximum depth of the structure (10) on the upper side of the cover layer (1) is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 0.2 mm.

28. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The maximum height (16) of the structure (10) on the underside of the cover layer (1) is 100 μm.

29. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The maximum height (16) of the structure (10) on the underside of the cover layer (1) is 90 μm.

30. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The maximum height (16) of the structure (10) on the underside of the cover layer (1) is greater than or equal to 30 μm and less than or equal to 90 μm.

31. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The thickness (25) of the covering layer (1) is at least 0.1 mm.

32. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The thickness (25) of the covering layer (1) is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 0.4 mm.

33. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The thickness (25) of the covering layer (1) is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.3 mm.

34. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, The substrate layer (4) is designed as a substrate film and / or a substrate foil.

35. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, As a material that does not contain polyvinyl chloride, the base layer (4) and / or the effective layer (8) comprises or is composed of thermoplastic plastic.

36. The covering layer according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that, As a material that does not contain polyvinyl chloride, the base layer (4) and / or the effective layer (8) comprises one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene and polyurethane or is composed of one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene and polyurethane.

37. A finishing element (3) comprising at least one support plate (2) and at least one cover layer (1) according to any one of claims 22 to 36, wherein the lower side of the cover layer (1) opposite to the effective side (7) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the support plate (2) facing the effective side (7).

38. The decorative element (3) according to claim 37, characterized in that, The finishing element (3) is pre-designed to be used as one or more of the floor finishing element, wall finishing element and floor finishing element for floor finishing, wall finishing and floor finishing.

39. The decorative element according to claim 37, characterized in that, On the opposite side of the support plate (2), there is a corresponding groove and tenon connection geometry (28), which includes a groove side (29) with a groove (30) and a tenon side (31) with a tenon (32) opposite to the groove side (29).

40. The decorative element according to claim 39, characterized in that, The groove and tenon connection geometry (28) forms a snap-fit ​​connection.

41. The decorative element according to claim 37, characterized in that, On the opposite side of the support plate (2), there are pre-set corresponding buttons and / or bayonet-type connection geometry.

42. The decorative element according to claim 37, characterized in that, A tensile layer (34) is arranged on the lower side facing the support plate (2).

43. The decorative element according to claim 42, characterized in that, The tensile layer (34) includes one or more of kraft paper, cork layer, and expanded polyolefin.

44. The finishing element according to any one of claims 37 to 43, characterized in that, The support plate (2) is designed to have one or more of high-density fiberboard, solid wood layers or medium-density fiberboard.

45. The finishing element according to any one of claims 37 to 43, characterized in that, The support plate (2) comprises or is made of plastic.

46. ​​The decorative element according to claim 45, characterized in that, The plastic is polypropylene and / or polyethylene.

47. The finishing element according to any one of claims 37 to 43, characterized in that, The support plate (2) does not contain polyvinyl chloride.

48. The finishing element according to any one of claims 37 to 43, characterized in that, The thickness (35) of the support plate (2) is at least 2 mm.

49. The finishing element according to any one of claims 37 to 43, characterized in that, The thickness (35) of the support plate (2) is greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm.

50. The finishing element according to any one of claims 37 to 43, characterized in that, The thickness (35) of the support plate (2) is greater than or equal to 4 mm and less than or equal to 7 mm.

Images