Directly energy-transferred magnetostrictive rotary ultrasonic knife handle

Abstract

This invention discloses a direct-energy-transfer magnetostrictive rotating ultrasonic scalpel holder, comprising a scalpel holder, an ultrasonic vibration assembly, a coil magnetic circuit assembly, and an amplitude transformer. The ultrasonic vibration assembly is mounted on the lower end of the scalpel holder, and the upper end of the amplitude transformer is connected to the front end of the ultrasonic vibration assembly. A fixing structure for connecting the scalpel is provided at the lower end of the amplitude transformer. The coil magnetic circuit assembly is movably sleeved on the ultrasonic vibration assembly and suspended and fixedly connected to a cylindrical fixing sleeve outside the spindle via a clamping device. This structure, which directly connects the coil to the ultrasonic generator for power supply, simplifies the structural design of the rotating ultrasonic scalpel holder, makes it easier to debug and install, and improves its performance. The reduced complexity of the rotating ultrasonic scalpel holder's circuit structure makes it easier to achieve complete impedance matching and circuit monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a direct energy transfer supermagnetic-strict rotating ultrasonic tool holder, belonging to the technical field of ultrasonic processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of rotary ultrasonic machining, rotary ultrasonic tool holders generate ultrasonic vibrations by receiving high-frequency electrical signals from an ultrasonic generator. However, rotary ultrasonic tool holders cannot be directly connected to wires during the power reception process; therefore, non-contact power transmission devices are typically used to transfer electrical energy to the rotary ultrasonic tool holder.

[0003] Non-contact power transmission devices mainly consist of primary and secondary windings, utilizing the principle of electromagnetic induction for power transmission. While such devices can transmit power, they suffer from several problems: First, the non-contact power transmission device increases the structural complexity of the rotary ultrasonic machining system, hindering the installation and use of the ultrasonic tool holder. Second, energy loss occurs during power transmission, which is converted into heat, potentially increasing the temperature of the rotary ultrasonic tool holder and reducing its operational stability. Third, the presence of the non-contact power transmission device complicates the circuit structure of the rotary ultrasonic machining system, making impedance matching and circuit monitoring difficult. For example, a magnetostrictive rotary ultrasonic vibrating tool holder disclosed in Chinese patent application (application number 201510688337.0) exhibits these problems due to its non-contact power supply. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the power transmission device of the rotary ultrasonic machining system to make the rotary ultrasonic tool holder more stable and reliable during operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a direct energy transfer giant magnetostrictive rotating ultrasonic scalpel holder that does not require a non-contact energy transfer device, thus simplifying the structure of the rotating ultrasonic scalpel holder and improving the stability and reliability of its operation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a direct energy transfer giant magnetostrictive rotating ultrasonic scalpel holder, comprising a scalpel holder, an ultrasonic vibration assembly, a coil magnetic circuit assembly, and an amplitude transformer. The ultrasonic vibration assembly is installed at the lower end of the scalpel holder, the upper end of the amplitude transformer is connected to the front end of the ultrasonic vibration assembly, and the lower end of the amplitude transformer is provided with a fixing structure for connecting the scalpel. The coil magnetic circuit assembly is movably sleeved on the ultrasonic vibration assembly and suspended and fixedly connected to a cylindrical fixing sleeve outside the spindle through a clamping device.

[0006] Preferably, the ultrasonic vibration assembly includes a magnetostrictive rod. From the inside to the outside, a second magnetic guide block and a second permanent magnet, and a first permanent magnet and a first magnetic guide block are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the magnetostrictive rod. The first magnetic guide block is fixedly connected to the rear cover plate, and the rear cover plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the knife handle. The magnetostrictive rod, the second magnetic guide block, the second permanent magnet, the first permanent magnet, the first magnetic guide block, and the middle of the rear cover plate are all provided with through holes for inserting pre-tightening screws. The ultrasonic vibration assembly is fixedly connected to the amplitude transformer by inserting pre-tightening screws through the upper through holes of the rear cover plate. The first magnetic guide block, the second magnetic guide block, the magnetic guide cover plate, and the magnetic guide cylinder form a closed magnetic circuit.

[0007] Preferably, the above-mentioned super magnetostrictive rod has a connecting lower through hole in the middle for inserting a pre-tightening screw and parallel staggered slits on the cylindrical surface. The slits on both sides of the lower through hole are staggered and arranged along the length direction of the super magnetostrictive rod. The slits are filled with an insulating agent.

[0008] Preferably, both the first and second magnetic blocks are disk structures, and the first and second magnetic blocks cover and compress the slit.

[0009] Preferably, the above-mentioned coil magnetic circuit assembly includes a magnetic cover plate, a magnetic cylinder, a coil, and a coil frame. The coil is wound on the coil frame, and the coil frame is placed inside the magnetic cylinder and fixed by the magnetic cover plate. The inner hole of the coil frame, the inner hole of the magnetic cylinder, and the inner hole of the magnetic cover plate are all larger than the diameter of the large end of the amplitude transformer.

[0010] Preferably, the coil frame is provided with a water-cooling cavity, which is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping device includes a first clamping fixing ring and a second clamping fixing ring. The first clamping fixing ring and the second clamping fixing ring are respectively provided with a first connecting rod and an L-shaped connecting rod. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are locked together by bolts.

[0012] Preferably, the rear cover plate is placed in the tool holder cavity at the front end of the tool holder; the lower end of the tool holder is fixedly connected to the flange on the rear cover plate.

[0013] Preferably, the above-mentioned amplitude transformer has a conical surface in the middle, and the conical surface has multiple spiral grooves.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] (1) The structure of directly connecting the coil and the ultrasonic generator for power supply simplifies the structural design of the rotating ultrasonic scalpel handle, and also makes the invention easier to debug and install, thus improving the performance.

[0016] (2) Compared with ultrasonic scalpel handles using non-contact energy transfer devices, the complexity of the rotating ultrasonic scalpel handle circuit structure in this invention is reduced, making it easier to achieve complete impedance matching and circuit monitoring.

[0017] (3) A water cooling system is used to cool the giant magnetostrictive transducer, so that the temperature of the rotating ultrasonic scalpel handle is kept within a suitable range during operation, thereby improving the working stability of the rotating ultrasonic scalpel handle.

[0018] (4) The parallel interlaced slit structure reduces the eddy current loss of the giant magnetostrictive rod and reduces the eddy current heating effect of the giant magnetostrictive rod, which improves the working stability of the rotating ultrasonic scalpel to a certain extent. Compared with the radial slit structure, the magnetic field intensity distribution under the excitation of the coil magnetic field is more uniform and the magnetic field energy utilization rate is greatly improved. In particular, the eddy current loss generated by the parallel interlaced slit structure is smaller, which is conducive to further improving the temperature stability of the GMM rod and obtaining better performance.

[0019] (5) The longitudinal vibration generated by the giant magnetostrictive rod under the excitation of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field is amplified by the amplitude of the variable rod of the spiral groove and the longitudinal-torsional mode conversion, and finally outputs ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional composite vibration on the machining tool. The giant magnetostrictive ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration tool holder can increase the ultrasonic power and increase the ultrasonic amplitude within a certain range, and further improve the machining effect. In particular, the spiral groove combined with the conical surface structure can also reduce stress concentration. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a giant magnetostrictive rotating ultrasonic scalpel handle;

[0021] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the giant magnetostrictive rotating ultrasonic scalpel handle;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coil magnetic circuit assembly.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the amplitude transformer.

[0024] Figure 5 Top view of a supermagnetostrictive rod;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the rear cover plate;

[0026] Figure 7 The diagram shows the magnetic field strength of the GMM rod with radial cuts, where (a) is the overall magnetic field strength distribution of the GMM rod, and (b) is the magnetic field strength distribution curve of the central axis of the GMM rod.

[0027] Figure 8The magnetic field strength diagrams are for a GMM rod with parallel staggered cuts, where (a) is the overall magnetic field strength distribution diagram of the GMM rod, and (b) is the magnetic field strength distribution curve of the central axis of the GMM rod.

[0028] Figure 9 The overall eddy current loss distribution diagram of the radially slit magnetostrictive rod;

[0029] Figure 10 The overall eddy current loss distribution diagram of a magnetostrictive rod with parallel staggered cuts.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 10. Spindle; 20. Clamping device; 21. First through hole; 22. First clamping fixing ring; 23. Connecting nut; 24. Connecting bolt; 25. Second clamping fixing ring; 26. Second through hole; 27. Connecting rod one; 28. Connecting rod two; 30. Tool holder; 31. Pull rod; 32. Tool holder housing; 33. Tool holder cavity; 34. Screw; 40. Coil magnetic circuit assembly; 41. Magnetic guide cover plate; 42. Water inlet; 43. Magnetic guide cylinder; 44. Coil; 45. Coil frame; 46. Water cooling cavity; 47. Coil frame cavity; 48. Water outlet; 50. Amplitude rod; 51. Lower positioning hole; 52. Threaded hole; 53. Groove; 60. Machining tools; 70. Preload bolts; 80. Rear cover plate; 81. Flange; 82. Countersunk hole; 83. Upper through hole; 84. Upper positioning hole; 90. Ultrasonic vibration assembly; 91. First magnetic guide block; 92. First permanent magnet; 93. Magnetostrictive rod; 93a. Lower through hole; 93b. Slit; 94. Second permanent magnet; 95. Second magnetic guide block; 100. Elastic chuck; 110. Fixing nut; 120. Cylindrical fixing sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1: As Figure 1-6 As shown, a direct energy transfer giant magnetostrictive rotating ultrasonic scalpel handle includes a scalpel handle 30; a rear cover plate 80; an ultrasonic vibration assembly 90; a coil magnetic circuit assembly 40; a clamping device 20; an amplitude transformer 80; and a water-cooling structure consisting of a water inlet 42, a water-cooling cavity 46, and a water outlet 48.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the upper end of the tool holder 30 is fixedly connected to the spindle 10; the top end of the tool holder 30 is detachably connected to the pull rod 31; the rear cover plate 80 is located in the tool holder cavity 33; the lower end of the tool holder 30 is connected to the flange 81 on the rear cover plate 80 and is fixed by screws 34; in the embodiment of the present invention, there are six screws 34 for fixing, which are evenly distributed in a circle.

[0035] The upper end of the clamping device 20 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical fixing sleeve 120 outside the spindle 10. The cylindrical fixing sleeve 100 is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the spindle 10, and the cylindrical fixing sleeve 120 is rotatedly connected by bearings. The clamping device 20 includes a first clamping fixing ring 22 and a second clamping fixing ring 25. The first clamping fixing ring 22 and the second clamping fixing ring 25 are respectively provided with a first connecting rod 27 and an L-shaped second connecting rod 28. After the first connecting rod 27 and the second connecting rod 28 are engaged, they are locked with bolts 24. Specifically, the inner wall of the first clamping fixing ring 22 is connected to the outer wall of the spindle by bolts. After passing through the first through hole 21, the clamping device 20 is locked with a nut to fix it on the cylindrical fixing sleeve 120. The inner wall of the second clamping fixing ring 25 is connected to the outer wall of the coil magnetic circuit assembly 40. Similarly, after passing through the second through hole 26 with a bolt, the coil magnetic circuit structure is locked with a nut to suspend it in the air. The first clamping fixing ring 22 and the second clamping fixing ring 25 are connected together by the connecting nut 23 and the connecting bolt 24. In order to solve the problem of spindle rotational inertia balance, at least two pairs of evenly spaced circumferentially spaced docking rods 1 27 and L-shaped docking rods 28 need to be arranged.

[0036] The pre-tightening bolt 70 passes through the upper through hole 83, the lower through hole 93a, and other through holes in the ultrasonic vibration assembly 90 before entering the threaded hole at the upper end of the amplitude rod 50. Rotating the pre-tightening bolt 70 fixes the rear cover plate 80, the ultrasonic vibration assembly 90, and the amplitude rod 50 together, and provides pre-tightening force to the magnetostrictive rod 93, enabling the magnetostrictive rod 93 to produce a better ultrasonic vibration effect.

[0037] The amplitude transformer 50 has an amplitude amplification effect. In this invention, the advantages of the stepped amplitude transformer and the conical amplitude transformer are complemented to form a conical transition stepped composite amplitude transformer. The end of the amplitude transformer 50 has a threaded structure. Through this threaded structure, the elastic chuck 100 and the machining tool 60 are fixed to the end of the amplitude transformer 50 using the fixing nut 110. The conical surface in the middle of the amplitude transformer 50 is provided with multiple helical grooves. The longitudinal vibration generated by the giant magnetostrictive rod under the excitation of a high-frequency alternating magnetic field is amplified by the amplitude transformer of the helical grooves and the longitudinal-torsional mode conversion effect, and finally outputs ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional composite vibration on the machining tool. The giant magnetostrictive ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional vibration tool holder can increase the ultrasonic power and increase the ultrasonic amplitude within a certain range, further improving the machining effect. More importantly, the helical groove combined with the conical surface structure can also reduce stress concentration. The cross-section of the helical groove is rotated to a variable rectangular cross-section. Regarding the depth of the helical groove, it's not advisable to continuously increase it, as this would reduce the tensile, compressive, and shear strength of the amplitude transformer (especially for the conical surface near the smaller diameter end). Considering both the longitudinal-torsional conversion effect of the helical groove amplitude transformer and its own tensile, compressive, and shear strength, the helical groove with a "constant rectangular cross-section" (the rectangular cross-section used in sections 1 and 2 is a constant rectangular cross-section) is changed to a "variable height rectangular cross-section" helical groove (i.e., a deeper cut at the larger diameter conical surface and a shallower cut at the smaller diameter conical surface). This allows the helical groove amplitude transformer to maintain a good longitudinal-torsional conversion effect while also significantly improving its tensile, compressive, and shear strength.

[0038] The rear cover plate 80 is provided with an upper positioning hole 84 so that the first magnetic block 91 can be axially positioned; the amplitude rod 50 is provided with a lower positioning hole 51 so that the second magnetic block 95 can be axially positioned.

[0039] The ultrasonic vibration assembly 90 consists of a first magnetic guide block 91, a first permanent magnet 92, a giant magnetostrictive rod 93, a second permanent magnet 94, and a second magnetic guide block 95. The first permanent magnet 92 and the second permanent magnet 94 are respectively distributed at both ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod 93, providing a bias magnetic field for the giant magnetostrictive rod 93, thereby eliminating the "frequency doubling effect" and improving the vibration effect of the giant magnetostrictive rod 93. The first magnetic guide block 91, the second magnetic guide block 95, and the matching magnetic guide cover plate 40 and magnetic guide cylinder 43 are combined. A closed magnetic circuit is formed to increase the magnetic field strength generated after the coil 44 is energized during operation; the magnetostrictive rod 93 is configured with a slit structure to reduce the eddy current effect and reduce eddy current heat generation during operation; in the embodiment provided by the present invention, the slits on the magnetostrictive rod are parallel and staggered, and the slits 93b on both sides of the lower through hole 93a of the magnetostrictive rod 93 are staggered, and the slits 93b are filled with insulating agent to increase the resistance of the magnetostrictive rod and further reduce the eddy current effect. Figure 5 , 7As shown in Figure -10, through simulation verification, the effects of magnetostrictive rods with parallel staggered cuts and radial cuts with the same outer diameter and inner hole are compared. Under the same frequency coil magnetic field excitation (10000Hz, 880 turns, 1A), the magnetic field intensity distribution and eddy current loss effect of the ordinary cut structure and the parallel staggered cut structure are analyzed:

[0040] 1) Comparative analysis of magnetic field intensity distribution

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, (a) is the overall magnetic field strength distribution of the radial slit, and (b) is the magnetic field strength distribution along the central axis of the GMM rod with the radial slit. Figure 8 As shown, (a) is the overall magnetic field strength distribution of the parallel staggered cuts, and (b) is the magnetic field strength distribution along the central axis of the GMM rod with parallel staggered cuts.

[0042] Conclusion: (1) As can be seen from the three-dimensional diagram, the color distribution of the parallel interlaced cutting structure is relatively uniform, indicating that the magnetic field strength distribution of the parallel interlaced cutting structure under the excitation of the coil magnetic field is relatively uniform.

[0043] (2) Comparing the curves, it can be seen that the magnetic field strength of the central axis of the GMM rod with the parallel staggered cutting structure is greater than that of the slit structure, indicating that the parallel staggered cutting structure can make full use of the magnetic field generated by the coil and improve the energy utilization rate.

[0044] 2) Comparative Analysis of Eddy Current Losses

[0045] like Figure 9 The overall eddy current loss distribution of the radial slit shown and as Figure 10 The overall eddy current loss distribution of the parallel staggered cuts is shown, and the eddy current loss values ​​for the two are calculated to be 49.56W and 16.18W, respectively.

[0046] Conclusion: Under the same magnetic field excitation, the parallel staggered cutting structure generates less eddy current loss compared to the ordinary slit structure (which also means that the GMM rod will generate less heat due to the eddy current effect), which is beneficial to further improve the temperature stability of the GMM rod and achieve better performance.

[0047] like Figure 3As shown, the coil magnetic circuit assembly consists of a magnetically conductive cover plate 41, a water inlet 42, a magnetically conductive cylinder 43, a coil 44, a coil frame 45, a water-cooling cavity 46, a coil frame cavity 47, and a water outlet 48. The magnetically conductive cover plate 41 and the magnetically conductive cylinder 43, together with the first magnetically conductive block 91 and the second magnetically conductive block 95, form a closed magnetic circuit structure, in which the coil frame 45 is placed. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the magnetically conductive cover plate 40 so that the lead wire of the coil 44 can be led out. In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the diameter of the coil frame cavity 47 is larger than the large end diameter of the amplitude transformer 50, so that the coil magnetic circuit assembly can be easily placed into or removed from the rotating ultrasonic scalpel handle system. The coil 44 is wound around... On the coil frame 45; after the coil 44 is connected to the ultrasonic generator, the coil 44 will generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field for the giant magnetostrictive rod 93, thereby causing the giant magnetostrictive rod 93 to produce ultrasonic vibration; the coil frame 45 is provided with a water inlet 42, a water cooling cavity 46 and a water outlet 48; during operation, cooling water is input into the water cooling cavity 46 from the water inlet 42 through the delivery pipe, and then the cooling water flows out from the water outlet 48. In this process, the cooling effect on the coil 44 and the giant magnetostrictive rod 93 is completed. The water inlet 42 and the water outlet 48 are respectively connected to the cooling water pump and the water tank. The cooling water pump is connected to the water tank. The water cooling cavity is set with a serpentine structure for better cooling effect.

[0048] This invention employs a direct energy transfer method, reducing the structural and circuit complexity of the rotating ultrasonic tool holder. This makes it easier to monitor the circuit and achieve complete impedance matching, and also facilitates installation and debugging, thus improving the performance of the ultrasonic tool holder. Water cooling is used to keep the ultrasonic tool holder's temperature stable within a suitable range during operation, enhancing its stability and reliability. The rotating ultrasonic tool holder of this invention can be directly applied to various machine tools for rotary ultrasonic machining without spindle modification, offering advantages such as wide applicability to a wide range of machine tools and ease of installation and use.

[0049] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A direct energy transfer giant magnetostrictive rotating ultrasonic scalpel holder, characterized in that: The device includes a tool holder (30), an ultrasonic vibration assembly (90), a coil magnetic circuit assembly (40), and an amplitude transformer (50). The ultrasonic vibration assembly (90) is mounted on the lower end of the tool holder (30). The upper end of the amplitude transformer (50) is connected to the front end of the ultrasonic vibration assembly (90). The lower end of the amplitude transformer (50) is provided with a fixing structure for connecting the tool. The coil magnetic circuit assembly (40) is movably sleeved on the ultrasonic vibration assembly (90) and is suspended and fixedly connected to the cylindrical fixing sleeve (120) outside the spindle (10) by a clamping device (20). The clamping device (20) includes a first clamp. The first clamping ring (22) and the second clamping ring (25) are respectively provided with a first connecting rod (27) and an L-shaped connecting rod (28) on the ring of the first clamping ring (22) and the second clamping ring (25). After the first connecting rod (27) and the second connecting rod (28) are attached, they are locked with bolts (24). At least two pairs of evenly spaced connecting rods (27) and L-shaped connecting rods (28) are arranged. The middle part of the amplitude rod (50) is provided with a conical surface, and the conical surface is provided with multiple spiral grooves. The cross section of the spiral groove is a spiral groove with a variable depth rectangular cross section. The coil magnetic circuit assembly (40) includes a magnetic cover plate (41), a magnetic cylinder (43), a coil (44) and a coil frame (45). The coil (44) is wound on the coil frame (45). The coil frame (45) is placed inside the magnetic cylinder (43) and fixed by the magnetic cover plate (41). The inner hole (47) of the coil frame (45) and the inner holes of the magnetic cylinder (43) and the magnetic cover plate (41) are both larger than the large end diameter of the amplitude rod (50). The coil frame (45) is provided with a water cooling cavity (46). The water cooling cavity (46) is provided with a water inlet (42) and a water outlet (48).

2. The direct energy transfer giant magnetostrictive rotating ultrasonic scalpel holder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic vibration assembly (90) includes a magnetostrictive rod (93). From the inside out, the two ends of the magnetostrictive rod (93) are respectively fixedly connected to a second permanent magnet (94) and a second magnetic conductive block (95), and a first permanent magnet (92) and a first magnetic conductive block (91). The first magnetic conductive block (91) is fixedly connected to the rear cover plate (80), which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the knife handle (30). The magnetostrictive rod (93) and the second magnetic conductive block (95) are also included. The second permanent magnet (94), the first permanent magnet (92), the first magnetic guide block (91), and the rear cover plate (80) are all provided with through holes for inserting pre-tightening screws (70). The ultrasonic vibration assembly (90) is fixedly connected to the amplitude transformer (50) by inserting the pre-tightening screws (70) through the upper through hole (83) on the rear cover plate (80). The first magnetic guide block (91), the second magnetic guide block (95), the magnetic guide cover plate (41), and the magnetic guide cylinder (43) form a closed magnetic circuit.

3. The direct energy transfer giant magnetostrictive rotating ultrasonic scalpel holder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The super magnetostrictive rod (93) has a lower through hole (93a) for inserting a pre-tightening screw (70) in the middle and parallel staggered slits (93b) on the cylindrical surface. The slits (93b) on both sides of the lower through hole (93a) are staggered and are arranged along the length of the super magnetostrictive rod (93). The slits (93b) are filled with an insulating agent.

4. A direct energy transfer giant magnetostrictive rotating ultrasonic scalpel holder according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that: The first magnetic block (91) and the second magnetic block (95) are both disk structures, and the first magnetic block (91) and the second magnetic block (95) cover and compress the slit (93b).

5. A direct energy transfer giant magnetostrictive rotating ultrasonic scalpel holder according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The rear cover plate (80) is placed in the tool holder cavity (33) at the front end of the tool holder (30); the lower end of the tool holder (30) is fixedly connected to the flange (81) on the rear cover plate (80).

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