Cylindrical self-actuated high pressure pneumatic quick opening valve

Abstract

The cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve provided by the present invention mainly solves the problems of slow valve opening speed and low high-pressure gas release rate existing in the prior art. It includes a one-way valve, a valve body, a front cover and a rear cover relatively arranged at the front and rear ends of the valve body, an elastic member and a piston arranged in the valve body; a fluid cavity is formed between the front end of the piston and the valve body and the front cover, and a control cavity is formed between the rear end of the piston and the valve body and the rear cover; an air guide hole is opened axially on the front cover; an annular groove and a guide groove are opened on the valve body, and the guide groove is connected with the annular groove and the fluid cavity; a vent hole is opened on the side wall of the valve body; a mounting tube is arranged on the valve body, and an air guide channel is arranged in the mounting tube; a connecting channel is opened on the valve body, one end of the connecting channel is connected with the control cavity, and the other end is connected with the air guide channel, and the one-way valve is arranged in the connecting channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-pressure pneumatic valve, in particular to a cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve. Background Art

[0002] In daily scientific research, military industry and aerospace fields, high-pressure valves that need to be loaded instantly or unloaded quickly are often encountered. In the prior art, such valves are usually divided into two categories: ball valves and needle valves. The ball valve is composed of a valve body, a valve core, a seal and a guide rod. Its advantage is that it can pass a large flow, but its disadvantage is that it cannot be opened quickly. The needle valve uses an electromagnet to drive the ejector built into the valve body to open the ventilation channel to achieve rapid loading or release of high-pressure gas. However, due to the influence of its electromagnet driving force and valve structure, it cannot achieve large-channel and large-flow gas loading or release.

[0003] In summary, the valve opening speed in the prior art is slow and the high-pressure gas release rate is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of slow valve opening speed and low high-pressure gas release rate in the prior art, and to provide a cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic fast-opening valve.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve is special in that it includes a one-way valve, a valve body, a front cover and a rear cover relatively arranged at the front and rear ends of the valve body, an elastic member and a piston arranged in the valve body; a fluid cavity is formed between the front end of the piston and the valve body and the front cover, and a control cavity is formed between the rear end of the piston and the valve body and the rear cover;

[0007] The front end cover is provided with an air guide hole along the axial direction;

[0008] One end of the elastic member is connected to the rear end cover, and the other end is connected to the piston;

[0009] The piston comprises a first segment, a second segment and a third segment connected in sequence along the front-to-back direction, the first segment can extend into the air guide hole to block the air guide hole, the outer circumference of the second segment is slidably connected to the inner wall of the valve body, an annular groove is provided at the middle position of the outer circumference of the second segment, and at least one guide groove is provided axially near the front end cover of the outer circumference of the second segment, and the guide groove is connected with the annular groove and the fluid cavity;

[0010] A vent hole is provided on the side wall of the valve body for connecting to an external air source. The vent hole is communicated with the control chamber. The vent hole is arranged at a position behind the center line of the valve body in the front-to-back direction. When the piston moves backward and passes over the vent hole, the residual gas in the control chamber at the rear end of the piston forms an air cushion effect to promote the piston braking.

[0011] A mounting tube is provided on the side wall of the valve body close to the front end cover, the mounting tube is used to be connected to the high-pressure container, and the mounting tube has an air guide channel connecting the fluid cavity and the high-pressure container;

[0012] The valve body is provided with a connecting channel, one end of the connecting channel is connected to the control chamber, and the other end is connected to the air guide channel, and the one-way valve is arranged in the connecting channel;

[0013] The elastic member makes the front end surface of the second segment fit with the front end cover, and makes the annular groove and the air guide channel in a communicating state.

[0014] Further, the rear end cover comprises a first cover body and a first protrusion arranged on the front end surface of the first cover body, a distance is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the first protrusion and the inner wall of the valve body, a connecting groove corresponding to the third segment is provided on the front end surface of the first protrusion, and the third segment can be placed in the connecting groove;

[0015] An annular boss is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the first protrusion, the rear end surface of the annular boss is connected to the first cover body, the front end surface is connected to the elastic member, and the outer peripheral surface of the annular boss is arranged to fit the inner wall of the valve body.

[0016] Furthermore, the front end cover includes a second cover body and a second protrusion arranged on the rear end surface of the second cover body, the second protrusion can extend into the fluid cavity, and its outer peripheral surface is arranged in contact with the inner wall of the valve body;

[0017] A mounting hole is axially provided on the second protrusion, the mounting hole is communicated with the air guide hole, a bushing is installed in the mounting hole, and the first segment can extend into the interior of the bushing.

[0018] Furthermore, a tapered hole is formed on the rear end surface of the second protrusion, the large end of the tapered hole is connected to the mounting hole, and the inner diameter of the small end of the tapered hole is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole;

[0019] A second sealing ring is arranged in the tapered hole.

[0020] Furthermore, the diameter of the third segment is smaller than the diameter of the second segment, and the elastic member is sleeved on the outside of the third segment and connected to the rear end surface of the second segment.

[0021] Furthermore, in order to further reduce the impact caused by the third segment being connected to the connecting groove, a buffer pad is provided at the bottom of the connecting groove.

[0022] Furthermore, the first cover body, the second cover body and the valve body are all connected by connecting bolts.

[0023] Furthermore, in order to improve the sealing performance, a first sealing ring is provided at the connection between the first cover body, the second cover body and the valve body.

[0024] Furthermore, there are two guide grooves, and the two guide grooves are evenly distributed along the outer circumferential surface of the second segment.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention divides the piston into a first section, a second section and a third section, and opens an annular groove and a guide groove on the second section. The annular groove and the guide groove are provided to facilitate the flow of gas, so that the gas in the high-pressure container can act alone on the side wall of the annular groove to drive the initial movement of the piston. When there is a gap between the front end face of the second section and the front end cover, the gas can act on the side wall of the annular groove and the front end face of the second section at the same time to achieve accelerated movement of the piston. After the first section moves out of the gas guide hole, the gas can act on the side wall of the annular groove, the front end face of the second section and the front end face of the first section at the same time to achieve secondary acceleration of the piston. After multiple accelerations, the backward movement speed of the piston can be greatly improved, so that the high-pressure gas chamber and the gas guide hole are connected faster, the valve can be quickly opened, and then the gas can be quickly released. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of an embodiment of a cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the valve body, the front end cover and the rear end cover in the embodiment of the cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rear end cover in an embodiment of a cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the front end cover in an embodiment of a cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the piston in the cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bushing in an embodiment of a cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure, 1-valve body, 2-one-way valve, 3-rear end cover, 31-first cover body, 32-first protrusion, 33-connecting groove, 34-annular boss, 4-first sealing ring, 5-vent, 6-elastic member, 7-buffer pad, 8-piston, 81-first segment, 82-second segment, 83-third segment, 84-annular groove, 85-guide groove, 9-air guide hole, 10-bushing, 11-front end cover, 111-second cover body, 112-second protrusion, 113-mounting hole, 114-conical hole, 115-second sealing ring, 12-connecting bolt, 13-high pressure container, 14-mounting pipe, 15-air guide channel, 16-connecting channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, advantages and features of the present invention clearer, the cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve proposed by the present invention is further described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following specific implementation methods, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that: the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention; secondly, the structure shown in the drawings is often a part of the actual structure.

[0036] The “front” and “back” directions in this article are respectively Figure 1 The "left" and "right" directions on the paper are the same, and the "up" and "down" directions are the same as the attached Figure 1 The directions in the paper are for reference.

[0037] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve of the present invention comprises a one-way valve 2, a valve body 1, a front end cover 11 and a rear end cover 3 relatively arranged on the front and rear sides of the valve body 1, an elastic member 6 and a piston 8 arranged inside the valve body 1, the valve body 1 has a chamber, the chamber is a through hole arranged along the front and rear directions, and the cross section of the chamber along the up and down directions is circular, and the piston 8 is arranged inside the chamber. The valve body 1, the front end cover 11 and the front end of the piston 8 form a fluid chamber, and the rear end of the piston 8, the valve body 1, and the rear end cover 3 form a control chamber.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the front end cover 11 is provided with an axial air guide hole 9, the front end cover 11 includes a second cover body 111 and a second protrusion 112 arranged on an end surface of one side of the second cover body 111, and a plurality of connecting holes distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the second cover body 111, which are connected to the connecting holes by connecting bolts 12 to connect the second cover body 111 to the valve body 1, the second protrusion 112 can extend into the fluid cavity, and its outer circumferential surface is fitted with the inner wall of the fluid cavity, the end surface of the second end cover is fitted with the valve body 1, and a sealing ring 4 is arranged at the connection between the second end cover and the valve body 1, and a mounting hole 113 is provided on the second protrusion 112, the inner diameter of the mounting hole 113 is larger than the inner diameter of the air guide hole 9, the mounting hole 113 is communicated with the air guide hole 9, and a bushing 10 is installed in the mounting hole 113, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the inner diameter of the bushing 10 is equal to the inner diameter of the air guide hole 9, and the first segment 81 to be described in detail below extends into the bushing 10 to block the air guide hole 9. A tapered hole 114 is provided on the second protrusion 112, and a second sealing ring 115 is provided in the tapered hole 114 to enhance the sealing effect of the connection between the piston 8 and the second protrusion 112. The large end of the tapered hole 114 is connected to the mounting hole 113, and the inner diameter of the small end of the tapered hole 114 is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 113; the air guide hole 9, the mounting hole 113 and the tapered hole 114 are arranged in sequence along the front-to-back direction, and the three are coaxially arranged.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the rear end cover 3 includes a first cover body 31 and a first protrusion 32 arranged on an end face of one side of the first cover body 31. A plurality of connecting holes distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the first cover body 31. The first cover body 31 is connected to the valve body 1 by connecting bolts 12 connected to the connecting holes. There is a spacing between the outer peripheral surface of the first protrusion 32 and the inner wall of the control chamber. A connecting groove 33 corresponding to the third segment 83 is opened on the end face of the first protrusion 32. A buffer pad 7 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting groove 33. The third segment 83 can extend into the connecting groove 33. When the third segment 83 moves backward into the connecting groove 33 under the action of the pressure difference, the buffer pad 7 can play a buffering role; an annular boss 34 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the first protrusion 32. The end face of one side of the annular boss 34 is connected to the first cover body 31, and the end face of the other side is connected to one end of the elastic member 6. The outer peripheral surface of the annular boss 34 is arranged to fit the inner wall of the control chamber.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the piston 8 includes a first segment 81, a second segment 82 and a third segment 83 connected in sequence along the front-to-back direction, wherein the diameter of the first segment 81 is smaller than the diameter of the second segment 82, the diameter of the third segment 83 is smaller than the diameter of the second segment 82, and the diameter of the third segment 83 is larger than the diameter of the first segment 81. The elastic member 6 is connected to the rear end surface of the second segment 82. The elastic member 6 is a spring in this embodiment. The expansion and contraction direction of the spring is along the front-to-back direction, and the spring is in a compressed state. In the initial state, the end surface of the second segment 82 of the piston 8 can be squeezed to a position that fits the end surface of the second protrusion 112, and its minimum compression length can meet the connection of the third segment 83 to the connecting groove 33. The first segment 81 can be connected to the bushing 10 to cut off the air guide hole 9. The outer peripheral surface of the second segment 82 fits the inner wall of the valve body 1 and can slide in the valve body 1 along the front-to-back direction. An annular groove 84 is provided in the middle position of the outer peripheral surface of the second segment 82, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the outer circumference of the second segment 82 is provided with two guide grooves 85 along the front-to-back direction near the front end cover 11, and the two guide grooves 85 are symmetrically arranged along the up-down direction, and the guide grooves 85 are connected with the annular groove 84. When the front end surface of the second segment 82 is separated from the second protrusion 112, the annular groove 84 can be connected with the fluid cavity at the front end of the second segment 82 through the guide grooves 85; the upper outer circumference of the valve body 1 is provided with a vent hole 5 at a certain distance near the rear end cover 3 for connecting to an external air source, and the vent hole 5 is connected with the control cavity. When the piston 8 moves backward and passes over the vent hole 5, the residual gas in the control cavity at the rear end of the piston 8 forms an air cushion effect to cause the piston 8 to brake; the lower outer circumference of the valve body 1 is provided with a downwardly extending mounting tube 14 near the front end cover 11, and the axial direction of the mounting tube 14 is along the up-down direction, and the mounting tube 14 is connected to the high-pressure container 1 3 is connected, an air guide channel 15 is provided in the mounting tube 14, and the fluid cavity is communicated with the interior of the high-pressure container 13 through the air guide channel 15. A connecting channel 16 is provided on the valve body 1, one end of the connecting channel 16 is communicated with the control cavity, and the position where the connecting channel 16 is communicated with the control cavity corresponds to the setting position of the vent hole 5, and the other end is communicated with the air guide channel 15. The one-way valve 2 is arranged in the connecting channel 16, and the conduction pressure value of the one-way valve 2 can be selected as needed. When the air pressure in the control cavity is greater than the conduction air pressure of the one-way valve 2, the one-way valve 2 is conducted to connect the control cavity with the air guide channel 15. When the front end face of the second segment 82 is in contact with the end face of the second protrusion 112, the annular groove 84 is in a communicating state with the air guide channel 15. When the front end face of the second segment 82 is separated from the second protrusion 112, it is convenient to inflate the fluid cavity at the front end of the second segment 82.

[0041] When in use, the vent hole 5 is connected to an external air source, and air is inflated into the control chamber of the valve body 1 through the external air source. Under the action of the gas pressure, the piston 8, which has been in contact with the end face of the second protrusion 112 under the action of the elastic member 6, is more tightly fitted. As the gas continues to enter the control chamber, the gas pressure in the control chamber increases until it reaches the preset pressure threshold of the one-way valve 2. The one-way valve 2 opens, and the gas in the control chamber enters the air guide channel 15 through the connecting channel 16. The gas is transported to the high-pressure container 13 and the annular groove 84 through the air guide channel 15. The inflation is stopped, and the piston 8 is in a balanced state. When the pressure is released through the vent hole 5, the piston 8 is in a balanced state. After the air hole 5 discharges the gas in the control chamber, the air pressure in the control chamber on the rear side of the piston 8 decreases, and the piston 8 begins to move backward under the action of the pressure difference. When the front end face of the second segment 82 is separated from the end face of the second protrusion 112, the gas in the annular groove 84 enters the front end fluid chamber of the second segment 82 through the guide groove 85, and the piston 8 is accelerated to move backward under the action of the air pressure on the end face of the second segment 82. When the first segment 81 is separated from the bushing 10, the front end face of the first segment 81 of the piston 8 is accelerated to move backward again under the action of the gas pressure, so that the gas guide channel 15 is connected with the gas guide hole 9, and the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure container 13 is quickly released.

Claims

1. Cylindrical self-excited high pressure pneumatic quick opening valve, characterized by: The invention comprises a one-way valve (2), a valve body (1), a front end cover (11) and a rear end cover (3) arranged at the front and rear ends of the valve body (1) in a relative manner, an elastic member (6) and a piston (8) arranged in the valve body (1); a fluid cavity is formed between the front end of the piston (8) and the valve body (1) and the front end cover (11); and a control cavity is formed between the rear end of the piston (8) and the valve body (1) and the rear end cover (3); The front end cover (11) is provided with an air guide hole (9) in the axial direction; One end of the elastic member (6) is connected to the rear end cover (3), and the other end is connected to the piston (8); The piston (8) comprises a first segment (81), a second segment (82) and a third segment (83) which are sequentially connected in the front-to-back direction; the first segment (81) can extend into the air guide hole (9) to block the air guide hole (9); the outer peripheral surface of the second segment (82) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the valve body (1); an annular groove (84) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second segment (82); at least one guide groove (85) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second segment (82) near the front end cover (11); the guide groove (85) is connected to the annular groove (84) and the fluid cavity; A vent hole (5) is provided on the side wall of the valve body (1) for connecting to an external air source, and the vent hole (5) is in communication with the control chamber; A mounting tube (14) is provided on a side wall of the valve body (1) close to the front end cover (11), the mounting tube (14) being used to be connected to the high-pressure container (13), and an air guide channel (15) connecting the fluid cavity and the high-pressure container (13) is provided in the mounting tube (14); The valve body (1) is provided with a connecting channel (16), one end of the connecting channel (16) is in communication with the control chamber, and the other end is in communication with the air guide channel (15), and the one-way valve (2) is arranged in the connecting channel (16); The elastic member (6) enables the front end surface of the second segment (82) to fit with the front end cover (11) and enables the annular groove (84) to be in a communicating state with the air guide channel (15).

2. The cylindrical self-actuated high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rear end cover (3) comprises a first cover body (31) and a first protrusion (32) arranged on the front end surface of the first cover body (31), a distance being provided between the outer peripheral surface of the first protrusion (32) and the inner wall of the valve body (1), a connecting groove (33) corresponding to the third segment (83) being provided on the front end surface of the first protrusion (32), and the third segment (83) being able to be placed in the connecting groove (33); An annular boss (34) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first protrusion (32); the rear end surface of the annular boss (34) is connected to the first cover body (31), and the front end surface is connected to the elastic member (6); the outer peripheral surface of the annular boss (34) is arranged to fit the inner wall of the valve body (1).

3. The cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The front end cover (11) comprises a second cover body (111) and a second protrusion (112) arranged on the rear end surface of the second cover body (111); the second protrusion (112) can extend into the interior of the fluid cavity, and its outer peripheral surface is arranged to fit the inner wall of the valve body (1); A mounting hole (113) is provided on the second protrusion (112) along the axial direction, the mounting hole (113) is communicated with the air guide hole (9), a bushing (10) is installed in the mounting hole (113), and the first segment (81) can extend into the interior of the bushing (10).

4. The cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A tapered hole (114) is formed on the rear end surface of the second protrusion (112), the large end of the tapered hole (114) is connected to the mounting hole (113), and the inner diameter of the small end of the tapered hole (114) is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole (113); A second sealing ring (115) is arranged in the tapered hole (114).

5. The cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The diameter of the third segment (83) is smaller than the diameter of the second segment (82), and the elastic member (6) is sleeved on the outside of the third segment (83) and connected to the rear end surface of the second segment (82).

6. The cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: A buffer pad (7) is provided at the bottom of the connecting groove (33).

7. The cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The first cover body (31), the second cover body (111) and the valve body (1) are all connected via connecting bolts (12).

8. The cylindrical self-excited high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A first sealing ring (4) is provided at the connection points between the first cover body (31), the second cover body (111) and the valve body (1).

9. The cylindrical self-actuated high-pressure pneumatic quick-opening valve according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: There are two guide grooves (85), and the two guide grooves (85) are evenly distributed along the outer peripheral surface of the second segment (82).

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