Kiln car for firing large earthen pots

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of tunnel kiln, in particular to a kiln car for firing large ceramic jars, which comprises a kiln car body and a track accessory, a fiber felt for heat insulation is fixed on the fiberboard of the kiln car, and the track accessory comprises a track, a power unit and a driven unit; the power unit comprises a power pipe, a driving push plate, a push rod, an arc-shaped piece, a fixing rod and an elastic piece capable of making the driving push plate in a predetermined position in an initial state, a plurality of reserved holes are formed in the track, the power pipe is fixed in the bottom of the track, the first end section of the power pipe is fixed in the reserved hole of the track, the driving push plate is in sliding sealing connection with the inner wall of the first end section of the power pipe, the arc-shaped piece covers the surface of the reserved hole and is fixed with the track, the two ends of the push rod are respectively fixed with the driving push plate and the arc-shaped piece, and one end of the elastic piece is fixed on the other side of the driving push plate. Compared with the traditional scheme, the present application solves the problem that the heat preservation unit of the kiln car hinders the driving of the kiln car.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel kiln technology, specifically to a kiln car for firing large ceramic jars. Background Technology

[0002] A tunnel kiln is generally a long, straight passage with fixed kiln walls and a kiln roof (which can be flat or arched) on both sides and the top. Kiln cars, loaded with fired products, run on tracks at the bottom, entering from the kiln head and exiting from the kiln tail. The kiln body forms a fixed preheating zone, firing zone, and cooling zone, commonly referred to as the "three zones" of a tunnel kiln. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion flows along the tunnel towards the kiln head through the chimney at the front of the kiln or under the action of an induced draft fan, gradually preheating the products entering the kiln; this section constitutes the preheating zone. The middle of the tunnel kiln is the firing zone. Cold air is blown in at the kiln tail to cool the products in the latter part of the kiln. The blown-in cold air is heated by the products and then extracted and sent to the drying kiln as a heat source for drying the green bodies; this section constitutes the cooling zone of the tunnel kiln.

[0003] In a tunnel kiln, the temperature of the products inside requires a completely enclosed space formed by the kiln roof, kiln walls, and kiln cars. If only the kiln roof and walls are well-insulated and sealed, while the kiln cars are neglected for insulation and sealing, the goals of energy saving, consumption reduction, and high-quality, high-yield production cannot be achieved. Maintaining a stable overall temperature within the kiln chamber, providing an environment free from any unwanted air during drying and firing, cannot be achieved solely by the kiln roof and walls; the kiln cars are also essential. When the seal between the kiln car and the tunnel kiln is poor, hot air will seep from inside the tunnel kiln to under the kiln car, causing significant damage to the kiln car's steel structure (especially the wheel bearings), directly affecting the safe operation of the tunnel kiln. Furthermore, cold air will seep from under the kiln car into the tunnel kiln, increasing the temperature difference across the cross-section of the kiln and affecting the firing quality of the products. This not only results in poor-quality products, high energy consumption, low output, but also shortens the kiln's lifespan.

[0004] In existing multi-layer insulation structures for kiln cars, the fiber felt layer, when fixed to the kiln wall in a compressed state, exhibits enhanced elasticity and improved adhesion to the kiln car. Furthermore, the narrow spacing between the fibers makes it even more difficult for high-temperature gases to pass through. While this technology effectively improves the thermal insulation of the kiln car, a problem remains: the kiln car is constantly moving within the tunnel kiln, and the fiber felt layer is in constant contact with it. The sliding seal undoubtedly increases the resistance to the kiln car's movement, leading to increased energy consumption. Moreover, under high-temperature operating conditions, the fiber felt layer is already prone to deterioration, and continuous friction accelerates its damage rate dramatically. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device to address the problem of the kiln car insulation unit hindering its movement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a kiln car for firing large ceramic jars, aiming to solve the problem of the kiln car's insulation unit obstructing its movement.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this solution provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A kiln car for firing large pottery jars includes a kiln car body and track accessories. A fiber felt for heat insulation is fixed on the onboard fiber plate. The track accessories include a track, a power unit, and a driven unit.

[0008] The power unit includes a power pipe, an active push plate, a push rod, an arc-shaped component, a fixed rod, and an elastic component that enables the active push plate to be in a predetermined position in the initial state. Several reserved holes are opened on the track. The power pipe is fixed inside the bottom of the track, and the first end of the power pipe is fixed inside the reserved hole of the track. The active push plate is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the first end of the power pipe. The arc-shaped component covers the surface of the reserved hole and is fixed to the track. The two ends of the push rod are fixed to the active push plate and the arc-shaped component, respectively. One end of the elastic component is fixed to the other side of the active push plate, and the other end of the elastic component is fixed to the fixed rod. The fixed rod is fixed to the inner wall of the power pipe.

[0009] The driven unit includes a driven push plate, a positioning rod, a moving frame, and a driven spring that enables the driven push plate to be in a predetermined position in the initial state. The tail end of the power pipe is fixed to the kiln body on both sides of the kiln car. The driven push plate is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the tail end of the power pipe. The positioning rod is fixed to the tail end of the power pipe and located inside the driven push plate. One end of the driven spring is fixed to the driven push plate, and the other end of the driven spring is fixed to the positioning rod fixed to the inner wall of the power pipe. One end of the moving frame is fixedly connected to the driven push plate, and the other end of the moving frame is fixedly provided with a fiber felt board. Several fiber felts of the same height as the on-board fiber board are fixed on the surface of the fiber felt board. The fiber felt board is located on both sides of the kiln car body and is in contact with the on-board fiber board.

[0010] The principle and beneficial technical effects of this technical solution:

[0011] Because the fiber felt is located on the side walls of the kiln on both sides of the kiln car, the fiber felt comes into contact with and cooperates with the on-board fiber board to achieve a certain degree of heat insulation (at this time, the fiber felt is in the initial position, and the power unit and the driven unit are not working), thus preventing high-temperature gas in the kiln from flowing into the bottom of the kiln car and causing damage to the structure of the lower surface of the kiln car. Because the track has several pre-drilled holes for the push rods to pass through, the power pipe is fixed inside the bottom of the kiln body, and the first end of the power pipe is fixed inside the kiln body below the pre-drilled holes in the track. The active push plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first end of the power pipe. One end of the push rod is fixed to the side of the active push plate near the pre-drilled hole, and the other end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the inner edge of the arc-shaped component. Both ends of the arc-shaped component are fixed to the track. In the initial state, the elastic component allows the active push plate to be in a predetermined position. One end of the elastic component is fixed to the other side of the active push plate, and the other end of the elastic component is fixed to a fixed rod. The fixed rod is fixed to the inner wall of the power pipe. Therefore, when the kiln car wheels pass over the heating section track, the weight of the kiln car will cause the arc-shaped component fixed to the track at both ends to move downwards. The push rod fixed to the inner edge of the arc-shaped component will also move downwards, causing the active push plate to squeeze the liquid in the power pipe towards the tail end of the power pipe. The elastic component allows the active push plate to return to its predetermined position when the kiln car wheels leave the arc-shaped component and no external force is applied.

[0012] Because the tail end of the power pipe is fixed inside the kiln on both sides of the kiln car, and the driven push plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the tail end of the power pipe, with one end of the moving frame fixed to the side near the port of the driven push plate, when the active push plate squeezes the liquid in the power pipe towards the tail end, the driven push plate will move towards the tail end of the power pipe due to pressure, pushing the moving frame fixed to the side near the port of the driven push plate outward. Because the other end of the moving frame is fixedly connected to the fiber felt board, the movement of the moving frame will also cause the fiber felt board fixedly connected to the moving frame to move towards the side of the kiln car, achieving good contact and sealing with the onboard fiber board on the surface of the kiln car. Because the driven spring can initially position the driven push plate in a predetermined position, with one end fixed to the other side of the driven push plate and the other end fixed to a positioning rod fixed to the inner wall of the power pipe, the driven spring can ultimately cause the driven push plate to return to its predetermined position.

[0013] The aforementioned elastic element and driven spring, in addition to restoring the push rod and fiber felt board, also take advantage of the fact that the arc-shaped component contacts the kiln car wheel at a point. This prevents the fiber felt board from excessively compressing the onboard fiber board when the wheel is not in the target position, thus reducing friction during travel. During kiln car travel, the arc-shaped component contacts the kiln car wheel at a point (or line) contact. The elastic element and driven spring do not change direction abruptly after being subjected to force; that is, the elastic element quickly returns to its original position after being compressed by the wheel. Utilizing the non-abrupt force characteristic of the elastic element and driven spring, no additional resistance is added to the kiln car's travel, making it convenient for users.

[0014] In summary, this solution utilizes the characteristic that kiln cars must stop at a preset position during firing. By leveraging gravity when stationary, it increases the relative pressure between the fiber felt boards on both sides of the kiln wall and the fiber boards on the car (increasing fiber density), thereby enhancing the heat insulation capacity during firing. Simultaneously, by utilizing the characteristics of elastic components, driven springs, and curved components, it achieves the effect of not increasing resistance during movement, greatly reducing the problem of existing insulation units hindering kiln car movement to ensure heat insulation performance.

[0015] Furthermore, the fiber felt board is provided with several short shafts, which are rotatably connected to the fiber felt board, and the fiber felt is fixed on the short shafts.

[0016] Beneficial effects: It can more effectively reduce the interaction force between the fiber felt board and the vehicle-mounted fiber board, making it easier for the kiln car to move.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes sand sealing plates fixed on both sides of the kiln car and sand sealing grooves filled with sand particles fixed on the inner wall of the kiln body, with the lower end of the sand sealing plate inserted into the sand particles in the sand sealing groove.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Excellent heat insulation reduces heat exchange between the hot air on the upper surface of the kiln car and the air on the lower surface of the kiln car, ensuring a sealing effect even as the kiln car moves forward.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a limiting tube, through which the movable frame passes, and the movable frame is slidably connected to the limiting tube. The limiting tube is fixedly connected to the tail end of the power pipe or the side wall of the kiln body.

[0020] Beneficial effect: If the sand particles used in the sand sealing groove are too large, good heat insulation cannot be achieved.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a bottom insulation layer and an upper insulation layer fixed to the surface of the kiln car.

[0022] Beneficial effects: Reduces heat storage and conduction in the kiln car.

[0023] Furthermore, the bottom insulation layer is made of lightweight ceramsite castable.

[0024] Beneficial effects: Lightweight, high compressive strength, and resistant to acid and acidic gas corrosion, thus reducing energy consumption while minimizing the impact on the weight of the kiln car.

[0025] Furthermore, the upper insulation layer consists of one layer each of a 25mm thick aluminum silicate fiber blanket and a 50mm thick zirconium-containing fiber blanket.

[0026] Beneficial effects: High temperature resistance, low thermal conductivity, light weight, long service life, high tensile strength, good elasticity, and non-toxic. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1This is the front view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the active unit of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the driven unit of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the tunnel kiln of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following detailed explanation illustrates the specific implementation methods:

[0032] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Track; 2. Sand seal groove; 3. Power pipe; 4. Kiln body; 5. Inner wall; 6. Sand seal plate; 7. Fiber felt; 8. Elastic element; 9. Fixed rod; 10. Active push plate; 11. Push rod; 12. Arc-shaped element; 13. Positioning rod; 14. Driven spring; 15. Moving frame; 16. Driven push plate.

[0033] Examples (such as) Figure 1-4 As shown below:

[0034] The tunnel kiln consists of a kiln body 4, an inner wall 5, and a track 1. The kiln body 4 is lined with an inner wall 5 that has good heat insulation performance. The bottom of the kiln body 4 is bolted with a track 1 for the kiln car wheels to travel on. The sides of the support block and the sides of the sand sealing groove 2 are welded to the two side walls of the inner wall 5. The support block adopts a triangular shape, which can achieve a more stable and better support effect.

[0035] The lower surface of the sand sealing groove 2 is welded to the upper surface of the support block. The sand sealing groove 2 is filled with heat sealing sand. Because the sand particles used in the sand sealing groove 2 cannot be too fine, if they are too fine, the fine sand particles will be drawn out of the kiln by the strong suction of the blower. On the one hand, this will cause serious air leakage at the sand sealing plate 6 at the lower part of the air outlet near the blower. On the other hand, after the sand particles are sucked into the blower, they will cause wear to the blower blades. Therefore, the sand particles used for heat sealing are the size of mung beans, which can fully avoid this problem.

[0036] The lower end of the sand sealing plate 6 is inserted into the sand grains of the sand sealing groove 2 to prevent the high-temperature gas above the kiln car from flowing down and to prevent the high-temperature hot air inside the kiln from rushing to the bottom of the car and burning it. This ensures that the kiln car can maintain a sealing and heat insulation effect while it is in motion.

[0037] The kiln car surface should be composed of high-quality, low-density refractory and heat-insulating materials to ensure that the material from the bottom to the top of the kiln car can adapt to temperature changes. The bottom plate of the car surface can be a trapezoidal corrugated steel plate to allow for better bonding between the masonry materials and the bottom steel plate. The steel plate should be corrugated to increase the rigidity of the car body. Since the surface material cannot bear any working load, its working load must be borne by specialized support components. These support components can be made into hollow rectangles, with insulation material filled in their holes, achieving both support and a certain degree of heat insulation.

[0038] In the past, kiln car frames were mostly made of cast iron, which had the advantages of good rigidity, small thermal deformation, oxidation resistance, and long service life. However, cast iron frames were heavy, increasing energy consumption and heat exchange between the upper and lower surfaces of the kiln car. With the improvement of technology, the kiln car lining and kiln furniture have become lighter and the insulation has been improved. Now, kiln car frames are mostly made of lightweight and easy-to-manufacture steel.

[0039] The kiln car surface is equipped with a bottom insulation layer made of lightweight ceramsite castable. This bottom insulation layer is lightweight, has high compressive strength, and is resistant to acid and acidic gas corrosion. It achieves heat insulation while reducing energy consumption and minimizing the impact of the insulation material on the weight of the kiln car. An upper insulation layer is installed above the bottom insulation layer, consisting of one 25mm thick aluminosilicate fiber blanket and one 50mm thick zirconium-containing fiber blanket. The upper insulation layer has low thermal conductivity at high temperatures, is lightweight, has a long service life, high tensile strength, good elasticity, and is non-toxic. It can well adapt to the high-temperature processing environment inside the tunnel kiln and achieve the desired heat insulation effect on the kiln car surface.

[0040] Sealing the kiln body can reduce the outflow of hot gas and the infiltration of cold gas inside the kiln, which is beneficial for reducing the temperature difference inside the kiln, saving energy, stabilizing the pressure distribution inside the kiln, and especially beneficial for the firing of products.

[0041] Driven by a driving force, the kiln car moves along the track 1 in the tunnel kiln via wheels at its bottom. When the wheels reach the designated points in the preheating zone, firing zone, and cooling zone of the tunnel kiln, the wheels press against the arc-shaped parts 12 fixed on both sides of the reserved holes on the track 1. The arc-shaped parts 12 move downward under pressure, causing the push rod 11, which is welded to the inner edge of the arc-shaped parts 12, to move downward. This pushes the active push plate 10, which is welded to the other end of the push rod 11, to slide on the inner wall of the first end section of the power pipe 3. The sliding of the active push plate 10 in the power pipe 3 will squeeze the liquid in the pipe to move towards the tail end, pushing the driven push plate 16 at the tail end section of the power pipe 3 to move towards the tail end pipe opening. The moving frame 15 welded on the driven push plate 16 also moves towards the tail end pipe opening, thereby causing the fiber felt 7 bolted to the moving frame 15 to adhere to the side of the kiln car. This achieves rapid heat insulation treatment of the side of the kiln car after it moves quickly to the heating zone.

[0042] After the kiln car leaves the heating section, the wheels leave the arc-shaped part 12 and no longer apply pressure to the arc-shaped part 12. At this time, the elastic part 8 welded to the fixed rod 9 at the beginning of the power pipe 3 and the driven spring 14 welded to the positioning rod 13 at the end will rebound, the arc-shaped part 12 will gradually return to its original position, and the fiber felt 7 will also move away from the kiln car, thereby reducing the obstruction to the kiln car's movement.

[0043] In traditional solutions, the kiln car is continuously heated as it moves through the tunnel kiln. The fiber felt 7 on the side of the kiln car is constantly rubbed against the side of the kiln car, which is very easy to wear and further shortens its service life. The present invention achieves a good heat insulation and sealing effect by quickly moving the kiln car to the heating section and sealing the side of the kiln car after it reaches the heating section.

[0044] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A kiln car for firing large pottery jars, comprising a kiln car body and track accessories, wherein a fiber felt for heat insulation is fixed on a fiberboard plate on the car, and the track accessories include a track, a power unit, and a driven unit, characterized in that, Also includes: The power unit includes a power pipe, an active push plate, a push rod, an arc-shaped component, a fixed rod, and an elastic component that enables the active push plate to be in a predetermined position in the initial state. Several reserved holes are opened on the track. The power pipe is fixed inside the bottom of the track, and the first end of the power pipe is fixed inside the reserved hole of the track. The active push plate is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the first end of the power pipe. The arc-shaped component covers the surface of the reserved hole and is fixed to the track. The two ends of the push rod are fixed to the active push plate and the arc-shaped component, respectively. One end of the elastic component is fixed to the other side of the active push plate, and the other end of the elastic component is fixed to the fixed rod. The fixed rod is fixed to the inner wall of the power pipe. The driven unit includes a driven push plate, a positioning rod, a moving frame, and a driven spring that enables the driven push plate to be in a predetermined position in the initial state. The tail end of the power pipe is fixed to the kiln body on both sides of the kiln car. The driven push plate is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the tail end of the power pipe. The positioning rod is fixed to the tail end of the power pipe and located inside the driven push plate. One end of the driven spring is fixed to the driven push plate, and the other end of the driven spring is fixed to the positioning rod fixed to the inner wall of the power pipe. One end of the moving frame is fixedly connected to the driven push plate, and the other end of the moving frame is fixedly provided with a fiber felt board. Several fiber felts of the same height as the on-board fiber board are fixed on the surface of the fiber felt board. The fiber felt board is located on both sides of the kiln car body and is in contact with the on-board fiber board.

2. The kiln car for firing large pottery jars according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber felt board is provided with several short shafts, which are rotatably connected to the fiber felt board, and the fiber felt is fixed on the short shafts.

3. The kiln car for firing large pottery jars according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes sand sealing plates fixed on both sides of the kiln car and sand sealing grooves filled with sand particles fixed on the inner wall of the kiln, with the lower end of the sand sealing plate inserted into the sand particles in the sand sealing groove.

4. The kiln car for firing large pottery jars according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting tube, through which the movable frame passes, and the movable frame is slidably connected to the limiting tube. The limiting tube is fixedly connected to the tail end of the power pipe or the side wall of the kiln.

5. A kiln car for firing large pottery jars according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a bottom insulation layer and an upper insulation layer fixed to the surface of the kiln car.

6. A kiln car for firing large pottery jars according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom insulation layer is made of lightweight ceramic granule casting material, and the upper insulation layer consists of one layer each of 25 mm thick aluminum silicate fiber blanket and 50 mm thick zirconium-containing fiber blanket.

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