A Cylindrical Permanent Magnet Linear Generator Based on the Slamming Energy of Nearshore Waves

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator based on the slamming energy of nearshore waves. The present invention includes a cylindrical housing, a housing end cover, an elastic device, a stator, a rotor, a slamming receiving device, and a waterproof device; wherein, the elastic device is sleeved on the cylinder at the inner bottom of the cylindrical housing, the housing end cover can open and cover the cylindrical housing, one end of the stator extends into the cylindrical housing, the other end of the stator extends out from the housing end cover, the rotor is located in the stator and both ends extend out from the stator, one end of the rotor is connected to the elastic device, the other end of the rotor is connected to the slamming receiving device, and the waterproof device is used for waterproofing. The structure of the present invention is simple, convenient to assemble, small in size, low in cost, small in positioning force, and can effectively improve the wave energy conversion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator based on near - shore wave slamming energy, belonging to the field of electrical equipment and electrical engineering. Background Art

[0002] The coastal waters of China are a large - wave zone trending northeast - southwest. The average wave height is over 2 meters, and the period is between 4 - 8s. The wave energy reserves are huge and widely distributed. To achieve the "dual - carbon" goal and build a new power system dominated by new energy, making full use of and vigorously developing marine energy has become an important strategic choice for China. However, on the one hand, the existing three mainstream wave energy power generation devices, namely oscillating water column type, over - topping type, and oscillating body type, achieve energy conversion by different methods, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Generally speaking, there are still problems that need to be solved urgently, such as low overall conversion efficiency, dispersed energy that is not easy to concentrate, high development cost, poor stability and reliability, small power generation capacity, and poor quality. On the other hand, in the current wave energy power generation field, the development and utilization of a large amount of lateral wave slamming energy contained in near - shore areas such as coastlines, dams, islands, and offshore buildings are still relatively rare.

[0003] In order to effectively generate electricity using the lateral wave slamming kinetic energy as the energy source and meet the requirements of a relatively small device volume, being able to collect and efficiently convert the dispersed and unstable wave energy into useful electrical energy, therefore, for a generator based on near - shore wave slamming energy, when designing such a generator, it is necessary to consider its composition and connection, and optimize the structure and parameters of the generator. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator based on near - shore wave slamming energy, and constructs a cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator that can generate electricity using near - shore wave slamming energy through reasonable composition and connection.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator based on near - shore wave slamming energy, including a cylindrical machine shell 11, a machine shell end cover 13, an elastic device 12, a stator, a mover, a slamming receiving device, and a waterproof device; wherein, the elastic device 12 is sleeved on the cylinder at the inner bottom of the cylindrical machine shell 11, the machine shell end cover 13 can open and cover the cylindrical machine shell 11, one end of the stator extends into the cylindrical machine shell 11, and the other end of the stator extends out from the machine shell end cover 13. The mover is located in the stator and extends out from both ends of the stator. One end of the mover is connected to the elastic device 12, and the other end of the mover is connected to the slamming receiving device. The waterproof device is used for waterproofing.

[0006] The stator includes a snap ring 1, silicon steel sheets 2, coils 3, and bearings 4; the silicon steel sheets 2 are fixed by the snap ring 1 and connected to the bearings 4, and the coils 3 connected in series by welding are embedded in the slots of the silicon steel sheets 2.

[0007] Multiple silicon steel sheets 2 are stacked to form 1 silicon steel block, and multiple silicon steel blocks evenly distributed along the circumference are fixed through the through holes on one side of two snap rings 1.

[0008] The silicon steel sheet 2 is a comb-tooth-shaped E-shaped silicon steel sheet. The side end teeth in the comb teeth are shorter than the other main teeth. A coil 3 is arranged in the card slot formed by two adjacent comb teeth; the diameter of the inscribed circle of the regular polygon formed by the main teeth of multiple silicon steel blocks is larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe 6 in the rotor.

[0009] The rotor is a cylinder coaxial with the cylindrical casing 11, including a steel pipe 6. Axially magnetized permanent magnets 7 and soft magnetic bodies 8 are alternately arranged axially in sequence inside the steel pipe 6, and adjacent permanent magnets 7 are arranged with the same poles facing each other. Washers 10 and positioning pipes 9 are provided at both ends of the whole of n permanent magnets 7 and n - 1 soft magnetic bodies 8, and the positioning pipe 9 is connected to the steel pipe 6; the positioning pipe 9 at one end of the rotor is connected to the elastic device 12, and the positioning pipe 9 at the other end of the rotor is connected to the receiving impact device.

[0010] The receiving impact device includes a wave baffle 17, a cross universal joint coupling 16, and a transmission shaft 15. One end of the transmission shaft 15 is connected to the positioning pipe 9 of the rotor, and the other end of the transmission shaft 15 is connected to the wave baffle 17 through the cross universal joint coupling 16.

[0011] The waterproof device includes a base 21 sleeved outside the bottom flange of the cylindrical casing 11 and a bellows waterproof cover 20 installed on the base 21.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the structure of the present invention is simple, the assembly is convenient, the volume is small, the cost is low, the positioning force is small, and the wave energy conversion efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0013] Specifically: First, the present invention is based on a cylindrical configuration, which has the advantages of simple structure, fast reaction speed, high sensitivity, stable and reliable operation, long service life, etc., and the packaging structure is more suitable for use in the nearshore humid, corrosive, and low-temperature environments. Second, the receiving impact device of the present invention can effectively receive the omnidirectional movement of waves. Compared with the current vertical oscillating wave energy generation devices, etc., by modifying the structure of the receiving impact device, the present invention not only improves the utilization rate of wave energy, but also can effectively reduce the external force moment borne by the structure, thereby reducing the pressure at the component connection. Third, the end force in the positioning force is a large disturbing factor for the thrust of the motor. However, the mover and stator structures of the present invention are ingeniously designed, simple to assemble, low in cost, and can weaken the influence of the positioning force and are easy to start. And further, through the joint cooperation of the receiving impact device, power, stator, and elastic device of the present invention, the wave energy conversion efficiency is improved. In addition, the components in the present invention are mainly composed of standard mechanical parts, making the structure and assembly simple and having low requirements for infrastructure. It can not only be installed on the vertical walls of existing nearshore and water conservancy infrastructure, such as docks, dams, breakwaters, partition walls of marine pastures, etc., where there are many places that are frequently impacted by waves, but also can flexibly set installation positions, densities, quantities, etc. according to the actual environment and requirements. For example, it can be flexibly applied to other intermittent impact scenarios, such as road speed bumps, etc., to achieve flexible application; it provides local distributed power system support for nearshore and offshore activities and reduces the dependence on the main power grid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the stator in the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the silicon steel sheet in the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the snap ring in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the mover in the present invention;

[0019] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1 - snap ring, 2 - silicon steel sheet, 3 - coil, 4 - bearing, 5 - hexagon bolt, 6 - steel pipe, 7 - permanent magnet, 8 - soft magnetic body, 9 - positioning tube, 10 - washer, 11 - cylindrical housing, 12 - elastic device, 13 - housing end cover, 14 - bolt Ⅰ, 15 - transmission shaft, 16 - cross universal joint coupling, 17 - wave baffle, 18 - wire outlet Ⅰ, 19 - bolt Ⅱ, 20 - accordion waterproof cover, 21 - base, 22 - bolt Ⅲ, 23 - bolt Ⅳ, 24 - wire outlet Ⅱ. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the described scope.

[0021] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1-5 shown, a cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator based on the slamming energy of nearshore waves includes a cylindrical machine shell 11, a machine shell end cover 13, an elastic device 12, a stator, a mover, a slamming receiving device, and a waterproof device; wherein, the elastic device 12 is sleeved on the cylinder at the inner bottom of the cylindrical machine shell 11, the machine shell end cover 13 can open and cover the cylindrical machine shell 11, one end of the stator extends into the cylindrical machine shell 11, and the other end of the stator extends out from the machine shell end cover 13. The mover is located in the stator and extends out from both ends of the stator. One end of the mover is connected to the elastic device 12, and the other end of the mover is connected to the slamming receiving device. The waterproof device is used for waterproofing.

[0022] Specifically, the cylindrical machine shell 11 and the machine shell end cover 13 are made of waterproof materials, and there are bosses inside for fixing the stator. Then, the cylindrical machine shell 11 and the machine shell end cover 13 are connected by bolts Ⅰ14. This closed structure not only plays a role in fixing the stator but also achieves the waterproof sealing of the important parts inside; and a wire lead-out port Ⅰ18 is provided on the cylindrical machine shell 11 to transmit the generated electric energy; the bottom flange of the cylindrical machine shell can be firmly fixed to the coast by bolts Ⅲ22. At the same time, an anti-corrosion coating is applied on the outer layer of the waterproof material to prevent the device from being corroded by seawater. The elastic device adopts a cylindrical spiral spring, which is sleeved on the short cylinder at the bottom of the machine shell. Its function is to convert part of the wave kinetic energy into elastic potential energy for storage. When the wave retreats, it is converted into the kinetic energy for pushing the mover to move horizontally, and then the magnetic induction lines are cut in the reverse direction to generate electric energy.

[0023] Furthermore, it can be set that the stator includes a snap ring 1, silicon steel sheets 2, coils 3, and bearings 4; the silicon steel sheets 2 are fixed by the snap ring 1 and connected to the bearings 4, and the coils 3 connected in series by welding are embedded in the card slots of the silicon steel sheets 2.

[0024] Furthermore, it can be set that multiple silicon steel sheets 2 are stacked to form 1 silicon steel block, and multiple silicon steel blocks evenly distributed along the circumference are fixed through the through holes on one side of two snap rings 1.

[0025] Furthermore, it can be set that the silicon steel sheets 2 are comb-shaped E-shaped silicon steel sheets, the edge teeth at the ends of the comb teeth are shorter than the other main teeth, and adjacent two comb teeth form a card slot, and the coils 3 are placed in the card slot; the diameter of the inscribed circle of the regular polygon formed by the main teeth of multiple silicon steel blocks is larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe 6 in the mover.

[0026] Specifically, as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the stator includes a snap ring 1, silicon steel sheets 2, coils 3, and a circular flange linear bearing 4. Among them, the snap ring 1 and the circular flange linear bearing 4 are coaxial with the cylindrical housing 11. The silicon steel sheets 2 and the coils 3 form an armature winding, which refers to the circuit that generates induced electromotive force and is responsible for outputting electrical energy. First, the silicon steel sheets 2 are embedded in the snap ring 1, then the armature coils 3 wound by a flat winding machine are placed in the slots of the silicon steel sheets 2, and finally, the snap ring 1 and the bearing 4 are connected by a hexagonal screw 5 to form the stator. The snap ring is made of 45# steel and processed by the manufacturer. The iron core is a magnetic conductive material, which plays a role in reducing magnetic resistance and is a guarantee of high power. Preferably, the silicon steel blocks are composed of 12 silicon steel sheets 2 stacked together. 16 silicon steel blocks evenly distributed along the circumference are fixed through the through holes on one side of the two snap rings 1. Using 12 silicon steel sheets stacked instead of a whole silicon steel block and using 16 silicon steel blocks at the same time can avoid deficiencies such as difficult design and manufacturing caused by complex structures, and can also avoid eddy current losses, hysteresis losses, and iron core heating. It can increase the eddy current impedance to reduce the heat generation caused by eddy current losses during the operation of the generator, reduce costs, and optimize the power generation efficiency. The thickness of each silicon steel sheet 2 is 0.5 mm, and the edge teeth are shorter than the main teeth, which can weaken the influence of the positioning force as much as possible. The closely arranged main teeth enclose a regular hexadecagon, and the inscribed circle of this regular hexadecagon is the outer boundary of the air gap space, and the diameter of the inscribed circle is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rotor steel pipe 6. As Figure 3 shown. The silicon steel sheets 2 form 9 slots through comb teeth. The coils 3 are placed in the slots. After we choose to install the coils 3 in each slot separately, they are then welded through series connection. The fractional-slot single-pitch winding can reduce the end effect of the stator winding, save the amount of copper used, reduce the copper loss of the motor, and thus improve the operating efficiency of the motor and reduce the manufacturing cost of the motor. At the same time, the positioning force is small and it is easy to start.

[0027] Furthermore, the rotor can be set as a cylinder coaxial with the cylindrical housing 11, including a steel pipe 6. Inside the steel pipe 6, n axially magnetized permanent magnets 7 and n - 1 soft magnets 8 arranged axially in sequence are provided, and adjacent permanent magnets 7 are arranged with the same poles facing each other (such as arranged in the way of N - S, S - N, N - S). Washers 10 and positioning pipes 9 are provided at both ends of the whole of n permanent magnets 7 and n - 1 soft magnets 8, and the positioning pipe 9 is connected to the steel pipe 6. The positioning pipe 9 at one end of the rotor is connected to the elastic device 12 through bolts, and the positioning pipe 9 at the other end of the rotor is connected to the receiving impact device through bolts.

[0028] Specifically, as Figure 5As shown in the figure, the mover part includes an external steel pipe 6, a permanent magnet 7, a soft magnetic body 8 (magnetic conduction block), a positioning pipe 9, and a washer 10. First, the positioning pipe 9 is inserted into one end of the sleeve of the steel pipe 6 and fixed with nail-free glue. Then, after the washer 10 is placed, the permanent magnet 7 and the soft magnetic body 8 are alternately and sequentially inserted into the sleeve of the steel pipe 6, and then the washer 10 and the positioning pipe 9 at the other end are inserted. The positioning pipe is fixed with nail-free glue to complete the assembly. The production cost of the materials required for the mover is low and the assembly is simple. Its arrangement method is that the axially magnetized permanent magnet 7 and the soft magnetic body 8 are arranged axially. Under the attraction of the mutual magnetic force, the permanent magnet of the mover and the magnetic conduction block form a complete cylinder. Since the smaller the wall thickness of the steel pipe and the larger the diameter of the magnet, the smaller the corresponding air gap, and the larger the power of the generator, the mover steel pipe 6 is selected as a stainless steel pipe with an outer diameter of 34 mm, an inner diameter of 32 mm, and a wall thickness of 1 mm, and the corresponding air gap is 3 mm (that is, the diameter of the inscribed circle formed by the silicon steel block is 36 mm). The number of permanent magnets 7 is 9, and N35 sintered neodymium iron boron with a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 20 mm is used. The number of soft magnetic bodies 8 is 8, and DT4C pure iron cylinders for electrical engineering with a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 14.5 mm are used. The number of permanent magnets 7 and soft magnetic bodies 8 in the mover can also be adjusted according to actual needs (the soft magnetic body 8 is located between two permanent magnets 7). They are combined in the way of combining the permanent magnet 7 and the soft magnetic body 8, so that the magnetic flux between the two magnetic poles is mainly concentrated in the soft magnetic body, which not only helps to enhance the magnetic field but also can reduce the cost to a certain extent. In addition, the permanent magnet 7 assembly is limited by using the positioning pipes 9 at both ends, and washers 10 are installed for protection and buffering.

[0029] Furthermore, it can be set that the receiving impact device includes a wave baffle 17, a cross universal joint coupling 16, and a transmission shaft 15. One end of the transmission shaft 15 is connected to the positioning pipe 9 of the mover through a bolt II 19, and the other end of the transmission shaft 15 is connected to the wave baffle 17 through the cross universal joint coupling 16. Specifically, the wave baffle 17 adopts a mushroom-shaped baffle. The mushroom-shaped baffle is arc-shaped. The arc-shaped baffle can make the total impact pressure closer to its centroid, effectively reducing the external force moment borne by the structure, thereby reducing the pressure at the component connection.

[0030] Further, it is possible to set the waterproof device to include a base 21 sleeved outside the bottom flange of the cylindrical casing 11 and a bellows waterproof cover 20 installed on the base 21. Specifically, the cylindrical casing 11 is firmly fixed to the embankment with bolts III 22, the base 21 is sleeved into the bottom flange of the cylindrical casing 11, and the bellows waterproof cover 20 is sleeved to wrap the entire device; the bellows waterproof cover is made of a flexible telescopic waterproof and corrosion-resistant material. The front end of the bellows waterproof cover 20 is attached to the wave baffle 17, and the rear end of the bellows waterproof cover 20 is connected to the base 21 with bolts IV 23 (the joint is sealed with waterproof sealant) and is connected to the embankment, wrapping the generator part and the baffle as a whole, with flexible expansion and contraction, making the whole device have good airtightness and achieving the waterproof effect; the wire extends from the wire outlet I 18 to the wire outlet II 24 to output electric energy.

[0031] A cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator based on the slamming energy of nearshore waves utilizes the rich kinetic energy contained in the rolling waves in nearshore shallow water to slam and drive the mover of the generator to perform a lateral linear reciprocating motion for energy conversion, and can meet the long-term continuous power demand of marine observation equipment such as ocean buoys. Its basic working principle is to drive the mover to move by the kinetic energy generated by wave slamming, thereby cutting the magnetic induction lines to generate electricity; during the continuous slamming of ocean waves on the nearshore dike, a plurality of cylindrical permanent magnet linear generators based on the slamming energy of nearshore waves are distributed and installed on the slamming surface. When the ocean waves come, the wave baffle of the generator installed on the breakwater will bear a considerable slamming pressure. Through the elastic device, the mover connected thereto will generate a reciprocating motion, and then cut the magnetic induction lines to generate current. From the perspective of energy, during the wave slamming process, while the wave slamming kinetic energy drives the magnet to move for power generation, part of the wave kinetic energy is stored in the elastic device in the form of potential energy; when the slamming wave recedes, this elastic potential energy will be converted into the kinetic energy of the magnet movement, pushing it to perform a reverse motion of cutting the magnetic induction lines and generating electric energy.

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. A cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator based on the slamming energy of nearshore waves, characterized in that: It includes a cylindrical casing (11), a casing end cover (13), an elastic device (12), a stator, a rotor, a receiving impact device, and a waterproof device; wherein, the elastic device (12) is sleeved on the cylinder body at the inner bottom of the cylindrical casing (11), the casing end cover (13) can open and cover the cylindrical casing (11), one end of the stator extends into the cylindrical casing (11), the other end of the stator extends out from the casing end cover (13), the rotor is located in the stator and both ends extend out from the stator, one end of the rotor is connected to the elastic device (12), the other end of the rotor is connected to the receiving impact device, and the waterproof device is used for waterproofing; The stator includes a snap ring (1), silicon steel sheets (2), coils (3), and bearings (4); the silicon steel sheets (2) are fixed by the snap ring (1) and connected to the bearings (4), and the coils (3) connected in series by welding are inlaid in the card slots of the silicon steel sheets (2); Multiple silicon steel sheets (2) are stacked to form 1 silicon steel block, and multiple silicon steel blocks evenly distributed along the circumference are fixed through the through holes on one side of two snap rings (1); The silicon steel sheets (2) are comb-shaped E-shaped silicon steel sheets, the side end teeth in the comb are shorter than the other main teeth, and adjacent two combs form a card slot, and the coils (3) are arranged in the card slot; the diameter of the inscribed circle of the regular polygon formed by the main teeth of multiple silicon steel blocks is larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe (6) in the rotor; The rotor is a cylinder coaxial with the cylindrical casing (11), including a steel pipe (6), and axially magnetized permanent magnets (7) and soft magnets (8) arranged alternately axially in sequence are provided inside the steel pipe (6), and adjacent permanent magnets (7) are arranged with the same poles facing each other. Washers (10) and positioning pipes (9) are provided at both ends of the whole of n permanent magnets (7) and n - 1 soft magnets (8), and the positioning pipes (9) are connected to the steel pipe (6); the positioning pipe (9) at one end of the rotor is connected to the elastic device (12), and the positioning pipe (9) at the other end of the rotor is connected to the receiving impact device; The receiving impact device includes a wave baffle (17), a cross universal joint coupling (16), and a transmission shaft (15), one end of the transmission shaft (15) is connected to the positioning pipe (9) of the rotor, and the other end of the transmission shaft (15) is connected to the wave baffle (17) through the cross universal joint coupling (16); The wave baffle (17) adopts a mushroom-shaped baffle, and the mushroom-shaped baffle is arc-shaped; The waterproof device includes a base (21) sleeved on the outer side of the bottom flange of the cylindrical casing (11) and a bellows waterproof cover (20) installed on the base (21); The bellows waterproof cover (20) adopts a flexible telescopic waterproof and corrosion-resistant material, the front end of the bellows waterproof cover (20) fits the wave baffle (17), and the rear end is connected to the base (21) by bolts Ⅳ (23); there is a radial distance between the bellows waterproof cover (20) and the cylindrical casing (11).

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