Optometry platform and method for inspecting internal annular focusing lens group of in-fiber cladding deposition head

Abstract

This invention provides an optometry platform and method for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internal powder-feeding cladding nozzle. It includes a parallel light source device, an annular focusing lens assembly, and a photoelectric detection device arranged sequentially along the optical path. The photoelectric detection device is located on a defocus adjustment device, which allows adjustment of the defocus height to accommodate annular focusing lens assemblies with different focal lengths. A parallel light beam is obtained through the parallel light source device. The annular focusing lens assembly performs optical path conversion on the incident parallel light beam to obtain a hollow annular focused beam, which is projected onto the plane of the photoelectric detection device, resulting in a hollow annular focused light spot. The photoelectric detection device then performs photoelectric conversion to obtain an image of the light spot. By analyzing the different results of the focused light spot, quality defects of the annular focusing lens assembly under different conditions can be judged and inspected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology, and more specifically to an optometry platform and method for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internal powder delivery cladding nozzle. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding technology is an advanced manufacturing technology that combines laser technology with additive manufacturing technology, and it has developed rapidly in recent years. Laser cladding technology has many advantages, such as low dilution rate, low heat input, and wide range of materials. In the process of industrial application, it has evolved into many different types and is widely used in various fields, such as additive manufacturing, remanufacturing, and surface engineering, including metal 3D printing, surface modification of materials, and repair of failed parts.

[0003] Based on the material type and the coupling method between the material and the laser beam, common laser cladding technologies can be divided into powder-feed laser cladding technology (mainly including coaxial powder feeding and off-axis powder feeding), high-speed laser cladding technology, and high-speed filament laser cladding technology. Among these, coaxial powder-feed laser cladding technology uses a circular beam pattern with centrally emitted light, and powder is fed in a ring or multiple beams around the beam. A dedicated protective gas channel is provided, and the powder beam, beam, and protective gas flow converge at a single point. During cladding, a molten pool forms at this focal point. As the cladding head moves relative to the workpiece, a coating is formed on the workpiece surface. Metal 3D printing based on coaxial powder-feed laser cladding technology is mainly used for near-net-shape forming of large parts and the preparation of gradient materials.

[0004] Current laser cladding technology mostly uses an external coaxial powder feeding cladding head, which has advantages such as low heat input, good molten pool protection, uniform heat transfer, good crack resistance of the cladding layer, and wide material adaptability. However, its powder feeding nozzle is generally a multi-powder beam or annular powder beam inclined conveyor, with low coupling accuracy between the jet and the working spot, short optical-powder coupling interval, large converging powder spot, and easy misalignment of optical and powder. At the same time, the laser beam and multiple powder beams have serious interference in multi-directional jetting and convergence in space, resulting in low powder utilization and significant problems of splashing waste and pollution. In addition, there is a tendency for the scanning spot energy band to be high in the middle and weak on both sides, resulting in serious adhesion and high roughness on the surface of the formed part.

[0005] The optical internal powder-feeding cladding nozzle enables the synchronous delivery of laser beam transmission, transformation, focusing, and cladding material. It achieves precise coupling between the laser beam, cladding material, and molten pool on the substrate surface, continuously forming a cladding layer. The shaping, transformation, and focusing of the laser beam is a key technology in the optical internal coaxial powder-feeding cladding technology using a hollow ring-shaped focusing beam. As a critical component, the cladding nozzle is currently in small-batch production. However, due to the lack of a dedicated optometry platform for inspecting the internal mirror assembly of this type of optical internal powder-feeding cladding nozzle, the beam shaping quality of the mirror assembly can only be inspected after all components are assembled. If manufacturing quality issues are found in the mirror assembly components, they must be disassembled and reworked. The lack of a post-manufacturing inspection step for such optical devices increases unnecessary process time and reduces assembly efficiency.

[0006] For example, when parallel light emitted from a parallel light source in an optometry platform is incident on a ring mirror assembly, the optical path conversion within the assembly creates an inverted cone-shaped, hollow, ring-shaped focused beam. Projecting this beam onto a plane forms a focused spot. If the mirror assembly has machining defects or deformations, these will be reflected in the shape and brightness of the focused spot. However, the shape and brightness of the focused spot are affected by the coaxiality error between the incident parallel light and the mirror assembly, thus impacting the assessment of defects and deformations. This necessitates ensuring that the parallel light emitted from the parallel light source is as coaxial as possible with the neutral line of the ring mirror assembly. However, installation errors may prevent the beam axis from coinciding with the center of the ring mirror assembly, and since the direction of the incident laser beam is fixed and cannot be moved, the circular light tube must be adjusted to ensure coaxiality of the optical components. Therefore, adjusting the parallel light source to its optimal position is crucial and practical.

[0007] On the other hand, in existing technologies, when a circular light tube is installed on a support, it needs to be slightly adjusted until the light spot pattern reaches its optimal state before being fixed in place. However, fixing the circular light tube at this point may cause it to move slightly, thus losing its optimal position. Furthermore, while existing technologies can achieve adjustments for different apertures and simple height adjustments, if there is a lateral shift in the support or the circular light tube, accurate and rapid positioning of parallel light cannot be achieved.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an optometry platform for the annular focusing lens of the internal powder delivery cladding nozzle.

[0009] Existing technical documents:

[0010] Patent Document 1: CN215033627U A Ring-shaped Hollow Polarized Laser Cladding Device

[0011] Patent Document 2: CN101774084A A method and apparatus for laser cladding forming manufacturing using coaxial transport of light, powder, and gas. Summary of the Invention

[0012] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an optometry platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internal powder delivery cladding nozzle. This platform can inspect the quality of the lens assembly in a closed environment without installing it on the laser cladding head, thereby effectively reducing the cost of experiments and inspections.

[0013] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an optometry platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internal powder-feeding cladding nozzle is provided, comprising:

[0014] A parallel light source device includes a light source, a circular light tube, and a beam adjustment mechanism. The light source is configured to emit a light beam toward the circular light tube; the circular light tube is used to collimate the incident light beam and output a parallel light beam; the beam adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the pitch angle and / or tilt angle of the output parallel light beam.

[0015] The annular focusing lens group, located below the parallel light source device, is configured to focus the incident parallel beam to obtain an annular focused beam output.

[0016] The photoelectric detection device includes a photoelectric conversion sensor located below the ring focusing lens group. The ring focused beam emitted by the ring focusing lens group is projected onto the surface of the photoelectric detection device to form a ring focused light spot. The photoelectric detection device images the ring focused light spot to obtain a light spot image.

[0017] The defocus adjustment device is located below the annular focusing lens group. The defocus adjustment device has a defocus platform for supporting the photoelectric detection device, and the photoelectric detection device is located at the center of the defocus platform.

[0018] Preferably, the annular focusing lens assembly includes a conical lens, a focusing ring lens assembly, a lens assembly support, a movable base, and a platform base. The conical lens is located at the center of the annular focusing lens assembly and is used to receive parallel light beams. The focusing ring lens assembly is coaxially mounted on the lens assembly support opposite to the conical lens. The conical lens, the focusing ring lens assembly, and the lens assembly support are coaxially mounted and placed above the movable base. The movable base is fixed on the platform base.

[0019] Preferably, the movable base includes a fixed slider, a slider fine-tuning knob, and a slider groove.

[0020] The slider slot is located below the lens assembly bracket and is used to support the lens assembly bracket;

[0021] The upper surface of the slider slot is uniformly provided with multiple straight grooves along the circumference. Each fixed slider arranged along the circumference is embedded in the corresponding straight groove of the slider slot and can move linearly along the groove opening direction to realize the placement of mirror brackets of different diameters.

[0022] The slider fine-tuning knob is set one-to-one with the fixed slider, and is used to adjust the position of the lens assembly bracket supported in the slider groove in the radial direction.

[0023] Preferably, the slider slot includes a central circular hole and straight grooves evenly arranged around the outer periphery of the central circular hole, and the mirror assembly bracket is supported in the central circular hole;

[0024] The slider fine-tuning knob is threadedly connected to the corresponding fixed slider, and the slider fine-tuning knob passes through the fixed slider and abuts against the outer periphery of the lens assembly support. By rotating the slider fine-tuning knob, the position of the annular focusing lens assembly can be finely adjusted radially to align it with the parallel light source device and form a co-optical axis distribution with the parallel light source device.

[0025] Preferably, the photoelectric conversion sensor includes a CCD sensor or a CMOS sensor, and the defocus adjustment device is further configured to adjust the height of the photoelectric detection device to adjust the defocus height.

[0026] Preferably, the defocus adjustment device further includes a base plate, a defocus height adjustment mechanism disposed between the upper surface of the base plate and the defocus platform, and a fine-tuning knob. The defocus height adjustment mechanism includes a scissor structure formed by two supports hinged in the middle. The two lower arms of the scissor structure are located in the slide grooves provided on the upper surface of the base plate, and a lead screw is provided at the position of the two upper arms of the scissor structure. The fine-tuning knob is provided at the end of the lead screw. By rotating the fine-tuning knob, the lead screw is rotated, thereby driving the two lower arms of the scissor structure to slide in the slide grooves provided on the upper surface of the base plate, thereby adjusting the height of the defocus platform to adjust the defocus height.

[0027] Preferably, one end of the lead screw is fixed to one of the upper arms, the lead screw is threaded to and passes through the other upper arm, and the fine-tuning knob is fixed to the other end of the lead screw. The lead screw is rotated by rotating the fine-tuning knob to drive the height adjustment of the scissor structure.

[0028] Preferably, in the parallel light source device, the circular light tube is located in the emission direction of the light source;

[0029] The circular light tube includes a transition section and a collimating lens tube; the light source is connected to the transition section and emits a light beam toward the cylindrical hollow cavity defined by the transition section;

[0030] The collimating lens tube is fixed below the transition section and is used to collimate the light beam passing through the transition section.

[0031] Preferably, the parallel light source device further includes a first fixing ring and a second fixing ring;

[0032] A first fixing ring is sleeved on the outside of the light source. The first fixing ring has a light source adjustment screw arranged along the radial direction for adjusting the position and / or attitude of the light source relative to the circular light tube.

[0033] The second fixing ring is sleeved on the outside of the end of the circular light tube away from the light source. The second fixing ring has collimator fixing screws arranged along the radial direction. The position and / or orientation of the circular light tube are adjusted by the collimator fixing screws so that it is arranged coaxially with the light source.

[0034] Preferably, the first fixing ring is provided with a plurality of light source adjusting screws along the circumferential direction and is evenly arranged; each light source adjusting screw is inserted along the radial direction and passes through the threaded hole on the first fixing ring, thereby abutting against the outer circumferential wall of the light source;

[0035] The second fixing ring is provided with a plurality of collimator fixing screws along the circumferential direction and is evenly arranged; each collimator fixing screw is inserted along the radial direction and passes through the threaded hole on the second fixing ring, thereby abutting against the outer circumferential wall of the collimating lens tube B of the circular optical tube.

[0036] Preferably, the beam adjustment mechanism includes a pitch and tilt fine-tuning plate, a fixed connecting plate, and an adjustment mechanism. The upper and lower ends of the fixed connecting plate are fixed to a first fixed ring and a second fixed ring, respectively. The adjustment mechanism is disposed between the pitch and tilt fine-tuning plate and the fixed connecting plate, and is configured to adjust the pitch angle and / or tilt angle of the parallel beam.

[0037] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a pitch adjustment mechanism and a tilt adjustment mechanism;

[0038] The pitch adjustment mechanism is located at the upper end adjacent to the pitch tilt fine-tuning plate and is used to adjust the forward and backward pitch of the parallel beam.

[0039] The tilt adjustment mechanism is located at the lower end of the pitch tilt fine-tuning plate and is used to adjust the left and right tilt of the parallel beam.

[0040] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism uses a threaded ball support universal assembly to achieve pitch and / or tilt adjustment, wherein:

[0041] The pitch adjustment mechanism includes a set of threaded ball support universal assembly, which is set on the central axis corresponding to the upper end position of the pitch tilt fine adjustment plate;

[0042] The tilt adjustment mechanism includes two sets of threaded spherical support universal components, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis corresponding to the lower end position of the pitch tilt fine-tuning plate.

[0043] Preferably, the threaded spherical support universal assembly includes a ball joint, a ball joint fixing nut, a ball joint groove, and an adjusting screw; the ball joint fixing nut is disposed on the pitch and tilt fine adjustment plate, corresponding to the positions of the pitch adjustment mechanism and the tilt adjustment mechanism, respectively;

[0044] The ball head includes a ball head and an externally threaded rod. The externally threaded rod is screwed into the ball head fixing nut and locked in place.

[0045] The ball head groove includes a ball head recess and an internal thread groove. The ball head of the ball head rod is located inside the ball head recess of the ball head groove and forms a hinge with the ball head recess.

[0046] The adjusting screw passes through the light hole provided on the fixed connecting plate and forms a threaded connection with the internal thread groove of the ball head groove. By adjusting the tightness of the adjusting screws corresponding to the pitch adjustment mechanism and the tilt adjustment mechanism in the corresponding internal thread groove, the pitch and / or tilt adjustment of the parallel beam can be realized.

[0047] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a refraction method for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internal powder-feeding cladding nozzle is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: The parallel light source device emits a parallel beam perpendicularly.

[0049] The light source, the transition section of the circular light tube, and the collimating lens are assembled in sequence. The light beam emitted by the light source is collimated by the collimating lens to obtain a parallel light beam.

[0050] First, the parallel beam is initially adjusted and corrected in space by rotating the light source adjustment screw and the collimator fixing screw; then, the spatial attitude of the pitch and tilt fine-tuning plate is adjusted by the beam adjustment mechanism to adjust the pitch angle and / or tilt angle of the parallel beam, so that the parallel beam is emitted vertically from the parallel light source device.

[0051] Step 2: By radially adjusting the spatial position of the ring focusing lens group, the central axis of the ring focusing lens group is made coaxial with the central axis of the vertically incident parallel beam. The vertically coaxial parallel beam is focused by the ring focusing lens group to obtain a hollow ring focused beam.

[0052] Step 3: Dynamically adjust the focused spot of the hollow annular focusing beam on the defocusing platform.

[0053] A hollow ring-shaped focused beam, obtained by coaxially and perpendicularly incident of a parallel beam into a ring-shaped focusing lens group and undergoing optical path conversion, is projected onto the plane of the photoelectric detection device to form a focused spot;

[0054] Rotating the fine-tuning knob of the defocus adjustment device drives the defocus platform to move up and down to adjust the defocus height. The hollow ring-shaped focused beam is projected onto the plane of the photoelectric detection device to form a ring-shaped focused beam used to detect the morphological quality of the ring-shaped beam.

[0055] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and the additional concepts described in more detail below may be considered part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure, provided that such concepts do not contradict each other. Furthermore, all combinations of the claimed subject matter are considered part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure.

[0056] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the teachings of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the invention, such as features and / or beneficial effects of exemplary embodiments, will become apparent from the following description or may be learned through practice of specific embodiments according to the teachings of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0057] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in the various figures may be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optometry platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internal powder delivery cladding nozzle, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the parallel light source device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the threaded spherical support universal assembly of the beam adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ring focusing lens assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the defocus adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optometry platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internal powder delivery cladding nozzle, according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, an outer frame is provided for protection.

[0064] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the outer frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing different results of focused light spots in embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0067] Various aspects of the invention are described in this disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate numerous illustrative embodiments. The embodiments of this disclosure are not necessarily intended to encompass all aspects of the invention. It should be understood that the various concepts and embodiments described above, as well as those described in more detail below, can be implemented in any of many ways, because the concepts and embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to any particular implementation. Furthermore, some aspects of the invention disclosed may be used alone or in any suitable combination with other aspects of the invention disclosed.

[0068] Combination Figure 1-5 The exemplary embodiment shown illustrates an optometry platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internal powder-feeding cladding nozzle. It includes a parallel light source device, an annular focusing lens assembly, and a photoelectric detection device arranged sequentially along the optical path. The photoelectric detection device is located on a defocus adjustment device, which can adjust the defocus height to accommodate annular focusing lens assemblies with different focal lengths.

[0069] Combination Figure 1 As shown, a parallel beam 17 is emitted through a parallel light source device. A ring-shaped focusing lens group located below the parallel light source device performs optical path conversion on the incident parallel beam 17, resulting in an output hollow ring-shaped focused beam 26. This beam is projected onto the plane of a photoelectric detection device located below the ring-shaped focusing lens group, obtaining a hollow ring-shaped focused light spot. The photoelectric detection device then performs photoelectric conversion to obtain an image of the light spot. Combined with... Figure 8 As shown, the different results of the obtained focused spot indicate the quality defects of the annular focusing lens group under different conditions.

[0070] Optometry Platform

[0071] [Parallel Light Source Device]

[0072] The parallel light source device includes a light source 11, a circular light tube 12, and a beam adjustment mechanism.

[0073] The light source 11 is configured to emit a light beam toward the circular light tube 12. The light source 11 can be powered by an external power supply, and the light emission of the light source 11 can be controlled.

[0074] As an optional embodiment, the light source 11 may be a red light generator, such as a red laser, a green laser, or a common red light source, to facilitate observation.

[0075] A circular light tube 12 is used to collimate the incoming light beam and output a parallel light beam 17.

[0076] Combination Figure 1 , 2 In the example shown, the circular light tube 12 includes a transition section 12A and a collimating lens tube 12B. A light source 11 is connected to the transition section 12A and emits a light beam toward the cylindrical hollow cavity defined by the transition section 12A. The collimating lens tube 12B is fixed below the transition section 12A and is used to collimate the light beam passing through the transition section 12A.

[0077] The aforementioned beam adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the pitch angle and / or tilt angle of the parallel beam 17 emitted from the circular light tube 12.

[0078] Combination Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the parallel light source device also includes a first fixing ring 13 and a second fixing ring 14.

[0079] The first fixing ring 13 is sleeved on the outside of the light source 11. The first fixing ring 13 has a light source adjustment screw 131 arranged along the radial direction for adjusting the position and / or attitude of the light source 11 relative to the circular light tube 12.

[0080] The second fixing ring 14 is sleeved on the outside of the end of the circular light tube 12 away from the light source 11. The second fixing ring 14 is provided with collimator fixing screws 141 along the radial direction. The position and / or orientation of the circular light tube 12 are adjusted by the collimator fixing screws 141 so that it is arranged coaxially with the light source 11.

[0081] Preferably, the first fixing ring 13 is provided with a plurality of light source adjusting screws 131 along the circumferential direction and is evenly arranged. In the illustrated embodiment, three light source adjusting screws 131 are used as an example and are arranged at 120° to each other. Each light source adjusting screw 131 is inserted into and passes through a threaded hole on the first fixing ring 13 along the radial direction, thereby abutting against the outer circumferential wall of the light source 11.

[0082] Therefore, the spatial position of the light source 11 can be finely adjusted using the light source adjustment screw 131.

[0083] The second fixing ring 14 is provided with a plurality of collimator fixing screws 141 along the circumferential direction and is evenly arranged. In the illustrated embodiment, three collimator fixing screws 141 are used as an example and are arranged at 120° to each other. Each collimator fixing screw 141 is inserted into and passes through a threaded hole on the second fixing ring 14 along the radial direction, thereby abutting against the outer circumferential wall of the collimating lens barrel 12B of the circular optical tube 11.

[0084] Combination Figure 1 The first fixing ring 13 and the second fixing ring 14 adopt the same structure and size design, and are arranged coaxially with each other as much as possible.

[0085] Combination Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the beam adjustment mechanism includes a pitch and tilt fine-tuning plate 15, a fixed connecting plate 16, and an adjustment mechanism. The upper and lower ends of the fixed connecting plate 16 are fixed to the first fixed ring 13 and the second fixed ring 14, respectively. The adjustment mechanism is disposed between the pitch and tilt fine-tuning plate 15 and the fixed connecting plate 16. The adjustment mechanism is configured to be based on a threaded spherical support universal assembly. Two sets of threaded spherical support universal assemblies located at the lower end constitute the tilt adjustment mechanism, and another set of threaded spherical support universal assemblies located at the upper end constitutes the pitch adjustment mechanism. Thus, the pitch angle and / or tilt angle of the parallel beam 17 can be adjusted by operating the tilt adjustment mechanism and the pitch adjustment mechanism.

[0086] Combination Figure 1 The upper and lower ends of the pitch and tilt fine adjustment plate 15 are respectively provided with fixing holes at the corresponding central axis positions. Fasteners are passed through the corresponding fixing holes to fix the upper and lower ends of the pitch and tilt fine adjustment plate 15 to the first fixing ring 13 and the second fixing ring 14 respectively.

[0087] Combination Figure 2 , 3 The adjustment mechanism includes a pitch adjustment mechanism and a tilt adjustment mechanism.

[0088] The pitch adjustment mechanism is located at the upper end of the adjacent pitch tilt fine adjustment plate 15 and is used to adjust the forward and backward pitch of the parallel beam.

[0089] The tilt adjustment mechanism is located at the lower end of the adjacent pitch tilt fine adjustment plate 15 and is used to adjust the left and right tilt of the parallel beam.

[0090] Combination Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figure 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment mechanism uses a threaded spherical support universal assembly to achieve pitch and / or tilt adjustment, wherein: the pitch adjustment mechanism includes a set of threaded spherical support universal assemblies, which are set on the central axis corresponding to the upper position of the pitch and tilt fine adjustment plate 15; the tilt adjustment mechanism includes two sets of threaded spherical support universal assemblies, which are symmetrically set on both sides of the central axis corresponding to the lower position of the pitch and tilt fine adjustment plate 15.

[0091] Combination Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the spherical support universal assembly includes a ball joint 18, a ball joint fixing nut 151, a ball joint groove 19, and adjusting screws (20, 21); the ball joint fixing nut 151 is set on the pitch and tilt fine adjustment plate 15, corresponding to the positions of the pitch adjustment mechanism and the tilt adjustment mechanism, respectively.

[0092] The ball head 18 includes a ball head and an externally threaded rod, the externally threaded rod being screwed into the ball head fixing nut 151 and locked in place.

[0093] The ball head groove 19 includes a ball head groove and an internal thread groove. The ball head of the ball head rod 18 is located inside the ball head groove of the ball head groove 19 and forms a hinge with the ball head groove.

[0094] Adjusting screws (20, 21) pass through the light holes provided on the fixed connecting plate 16 and form a threaded connection with the internal thread groove of the ball head groove 19. By adjusting the tightness of the adjusting screws (20, 21) corresponding to the pitch adjustment mechanism and tilt adjustment mechanism in the corresponding internal thread groove, the pitch and / or tilt adjustment of the parallel beam can be realized.

[0095] Combination Figure 3 In an optional embodiment, to prevent axial movement of the adjusting screws (20, 21) and the ball joint fixing nut 151, screw clamps 162 can be provided at the positions where the adjusting screws (20, 21) pass through the fixed connecting plate 16 to limit the axial movement of the adjusting screws (20, 21). Nut clamps 152 are provided at the positions where the ball joint fixing nut 151 passes through the pitch and tilt fine-tuning plate 15 to limit the axial movement of the ball joint fixing nut 151. Both the screw clamps and nut clamps can be rigid C-type clamps, which, through their function, provide axial locking to prevent axial movement or pull-out.

[0096] Combination Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the upper adjusting screw 20 constitutes the adjusting screw for pitch adjustment, while the two lower adjusting screws 21 constitute the adjusting screw for tilt adjustment.

[0097] The fixed connection plate 16 is also provided with two fixed connection threaded holes 161, which are used to connect and fix the entire parallel light source device to the outer frame.

[0098] [Circular Focusing Lens Group]

[0099] The annular focusing lens assembly, located below the parallel light source device, is configured to focus the incident parallel beam 17 to obtain an annular focused beam 26 for emission.

[0100] Combination Figure 4 As shown, the annular focusing lens group includes a conical lens 21, a focusing ring lens group 22, a lens group support 23, a movable base 24, and a platform base 25.

[0101] The conical lens 21 is located in the center of the annular focusing lens group and is used to receive the incident parallel beam 17.

[0102] The focusing ring lens assembly 22 is positioned opposite and coaxially mounted on the lens assembly bracket 23 with the conical lens 21.

[0103] The conical lens 21, the focusing ring lens group 22, and the lens group support 23 are coaxially mounted and placed above the movable base 24.

[0104] The movable base 24 is fixed on the platform base 25.

[0105] Combination Figure 4 As shown, the movable base 24 includes a fixed slider 241, a slider fine-tuning knob 242, and a slider groove 243.

[0106] The slider groove 243 is located below the lens assembly bracket 23 and is used to support the lens assembly bracket 23.

[0107] Multiple straight grooves are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the slider groove 243 along the circumference. Each fixed slider 242 arranged along the circumference is embedded in the corresponding straight groove of the slider groove 243 and can move linearly along the groove opening direction to accommodate and place mirror brackets 23 of different diameters.

[0108] The slider fine adjustment knob 242 is set one-to-one with the fixed slider 241, and is used to adjust the position of the lens bracket 23 supported in the slider groove 243 in the radial direction.

[0109] The illustration uses three fixed sliders 242 as an example. It should be understood that the three fixed sliders 242 constitute a three-jaw support structure, and radial centering adjustment is achieved through the slider fine-tuning knob 242.

[0110] Referring to the figure, the slider slot 243 includes a central circular hole and straight grooves evenly arranged around the outer periphery of the central circular hole, and the lens assembly bracket 23 is supported in the central circular hole.

[0111] The slider fine adjustment knob 242 is threadedly connected to the corresponding fixed slider 241, and the slider fine adjustment knob 242 passes through the fixed slider 241 and abuts against the outer periphery of the lens group support 23. By rotating the slider fine adjustment knob 242, the position of the annular focusing lens group can be finely adjusted in the radial direction so that it is aligned with the parallel light source device and forms a co-optical axis distribution with the parallel light source device.

[0112] Thus, the parallel beam 17 is incident perpendicularly and coaxially onto the conical mirror 21, and after being reflected by the conical mirror 21, it is focused by the focusing ring mirror group 22 and exits downward as the hollow ring focused beam 26.

[0113] [Photoelectric detection device]

[0114] The photoelectric detection device includes a photoelectric conversion sensor 50 for imaging, located below the ring focusing lens group. The ring focused beam 26 emitted by the ring focusing lens group is projected onto the surface of the photoelectric conversion sensor 50 of the photoelectric detection device to form a hollow ring focused light spot. The photoelectric detection device images the ring focused light spot to obtain a light spot image.

[0115] The photoelectric conversion sensor can be a CCD sensor or a CMOS sensor, and the defocus adjustment device is also set to adjust the height of the photoelectric detection device to adjust the defocus height.

[0116] [Defocus adjustment device]

[0117] Combination Figure 1 , 5 As shown, the defocus adjustment device is located below the annular focusing lens group. The defocus adjustment device has a defocus platform 31 for supporting the photoelectric detection device, and the photoelectric detection device is located at the center of the defocus platform 31.

[0118] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the defocus adjustment device also includes a base plate 36, a defocus height adjustment mechanism disposed between the upper surface of the base plate 36 and the defocus platform 31, and a fine-tuning knob 32. The defocus height adjustment mechanism includes a scissor structure formed by two supports 34 hinged in the middle. The two lower arms of the scissor structure are located in the slide grooves provided on the upper surface of the base plate 36. A lead screw is provided at the position of the two upper arms of the scissor structure. A fine-tuning knob 32 is provided at the end of the lead screw. By rotating the fine-tuning knob 32, the lead screw is rotated to drive the two lower arms of the scissor structure to slide in the slide grooves provided on the upper surface of the base plate 36, thereby adjusting the height of the defocus platform 31 to adjust the defocus height.

[0119] Combination Figure 5As shown, in an optional embodiment, one end of the lead screw is fixed to one of the upper arms, the lead screw is threaded to and passes through the other upper arm, and a fine adjustment knob 32 is fixed to the other end of the lead screw. The lead screw is rotated by rotating the fine adjustment knob 32 to drive the height adjustment of the scissor structure.

[0120] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the defocus adjustment device also includes a slide cover plate 35.

[0121] Figure 5 The example floor 36 is a triangular base plate.

[0122] [Outer Frame]

[0123] Figure 6 An exemplary diagram of an ophthalmic platform according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown in the figure. Figure 6 The example includes an outer frame design to provide protection and safeguards. Figure 7 An example is shown illustrating the structural design of the outer frame.

[0124] Combination Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the outer frame includes a crossbeam 41, connecting corner blocks 42, uprights 46, leveling feet 47, and a magnetic door 48. The connecting corner blocks 42 can be 60-degree connecting blocks.

[0125] The crossbeam 41 and the column 46 form a stable triangular frame beam structure through 60-degree connecting blocks.

[0126] An upper fixing hole 43 and a lower fixing groove 44 are provided on the upper part of the outer frame to connect the parallel light source device. Figure 2 As shown, the parallel light source device is fixed to the outer frame by screws and fixed connection threaded holes 161.

[0127] A connecting corner block 42 is installed on the inner surface of the column at the middle position along the height of the three columns. The connecting corner block 42 is used to fix the column to the annular focusing lens assembly. Figure 4 As shown, the platform base 25 is bolted to the connecting corner block of the outer frame by three mirror-symmetrical platform fixing screws 251.

[0128] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the base plate 36 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer frame by base plate fixing screws 37.

[0129] The leveling feet 47 are installed on the lower end of the column, and the outer frame can be leveled by adjusting the bolts of the leveling feet.

[0130] like Figure 6 , 7The magnetic door 48 can be opened and closed. By installing a transparent magnetic door on the outer frame, the internal components can be protected and observed.

[0131] [Eye Examination Process]

[0132] In combination with the above Figure 1-6 The illustrated optometry platform allows for refraction testing of the annular focusing lens assembly inside the internal powder delivery and cladding nozzle. As an optional example, the refraction process includes the following steps:

[0133] Step 1: The parallel light source device emits a parallel beam perpendicularly.

[0134] The light source 11, the transition section 12A of the circular light tube 12 and the collimating lens tube 12B are assembled in sequence. The light beam emitted by the light source 11 is collimated by the collimating lens tube 12B to obtain a parallel light beam 17.

[0135] First, the parallel beam is initially adjusted and corrected in spatial position by rotating the light source adjustment screw 131 and the collimator fixing screw 141; then, the spatial attitude of the pitch and tilt fine adjustment plate 15 is adjusted by the beam adjustment mechanism to adjust the pitch angle and / or tilt angle of the parallel beam 17, so that the parallel beam is emitted vertically from the parallel light source device.

[0136] Step 2: By radially adjusting the spatial position of the annular focusing lens group, the central axis of the annular focusing lens group is made coaxial with the central axis of the perpendicularly incident parallel beam. The perpendicularly incident parallel beam, after being focused by the annular focusing lens group, moves axially.

[0137] Step 3: Dynamically adjust the focused spot of the hollow annular focusing beam on the defocusing platform.

[0138] The parallel beam 17 is coaxially and perpendicularly incident into the ring focusing lens group. After optical path conversion, the hollow ring focusing beam 26 is obtained and projected onto the plane of the photoelectric detection device to form a focused spot.

[0139] Rotating the fine-tuning knob of the defocus adjustment device drives the defocus platform 31 to move up and down to adjust the defocus height. The hollow ring-shaped focusing beam 26 is projected onto the plane of the photoelectric detection device to form a ring-shaped focusing spot for detecting the morphological quality of the ring-shaped spot. The spot image is obtained by imaging through the photoelectric conversion sensor 50.

[0140] like Figure 8 An exemplary illustration shows a focused spot image obtained through the above-described optometry process.

[0141] If there are machine-made defects or deformations in the annular focusing lens assembly, they will be projected back onto the hollow annular focusing spot. The quality of the annular focusing lens assembly can be judged by the difference in shape and brightness of the spot image captured by the photoelectric conversion sensor 50.

[0142] like Figure 8 In the light spot image shown, number a represents the ideal annular light spot morphology, with a uniform energy distribution.

[0143] When there are machine-made defects and deformations in the annular focusing lens assembly, the morphology of the annular spot will change, such as... Figure 8 The annular light spot morphology shown in the serial numbers b, c, d, f, and g is as follows: the annular light spot represented by serial number b has uneven energy distribution; the annular light spot represented by serial number c has strip-shaped scratches and missing parts; the annular light spot represented by serial number d has local scattered defects; and the annular light spots represented by serial numbers f and g have displacement and deformation.

[0144] Therefore, the quality of the annular focusing lens group can be examined and judged based on different annular spot morphologies.

[0145] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. An optometry platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internal powder-feeding cladding nozzle, characterized in that, include: A parallel light source device has a light source (11), a circular light tube (12) and a beam adjustment mechanism. The light source (11) is configured to emit a light beam toward the circular light tube (12). The circular light tube (12) is used to collimate the incident light beam and output a parallel light beam (17). The beam adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the pitch angle and / or tilt angle of the output parallel light beam (17). The annular focusing lens group, located below the parallel light source device, is configured to focus the incident parallel beam (17) to obtain an annular focused beam (26) for emission. The photoelectric detection device includes a photoelectric conversion sensor (50) for imaging, located below the ring focusing lens group. The ring focusing beam (26) focused out by the ring focusing lens group is projected onto the surface of the photoelectric detection device to form a ring focusing spot. The photoelectric detection device images the ring focusing spot to obtain a spot image. The defocus adjustment device is located below the ring focusing lens group. The defocus adjustment device has a defocus platform (31) for supporting the photoelectric detection device. The photoelectric detection device is located at the center of the defocus platform (31). In the parallel light source device, the circular light tube (12) is located in the emission direction of the light source (11); The circular light tube (12) includes a transition section (12A) and a collimating lens tube (12B); the light source (11) is connected to the transition section (12A) and emits a light beam toward the cylindrical hollow cavity defined by the transition section (12A); The collimating lens tube (12B) is fixed below the transition section (12A) and is used to collimate the light beam passing through the transition section (12A); The parallel light source device also includes a first fixing ring (13) and a second fixing ring (14). The first fixing ring (13) is sleeved on the outside of the light source (11). The first fixing ring (13) is provided with a light source adjustment screw (131) along the radial direction for adjusting the position and / or attitude of the light source (11) relative to the circular light tube (12). The second fixing ring (14) is sleeved on the outside of the end of the circular light tube (12) away from the light source (11). The second fixing ring (14) has a collimator fixing screw (141) arranged along the radial direction. The position and / or orientation of the circular light tube (12) is adjusted by the collimator fixing screw (141) so that it is arranged coaxially with the light source (11). The first fixing ring (13) is provided with a plurality of light source adjusting screws (131) along the circumferential direction and is evenly arranged; each light source adjusting screw (131) is inserted along the radial direction and passes through the threaded hole on the first fixing ring (13) to abut against the outer circumferential wall of the light source (11); The second fixing ring (14) is provided with a plurality of collimator fixing screws (141) along the circumferential direction and is evenly arranged; each collimator fixing screw (141) is inserted along the radial direction and passes through the threaded hole on the second fixing ring (14) to abut against the outer circumferential wall of the collimating lens tube (12B) of the circular optical tube (11); The beam adjustment mechanism includes a pitch and tilt fine adjustment plate (15), a fixed connecting plate (16), and an adjustment mechanism. The upper and lower ends of the fixed connecting plate (16) are fixed to the first fixed ring (13) and the second fixed ring (14), respectively. The adjustment mechanism is disposed between the pitch and tilt fine adjustment plate (15) and the fixed connecting plate (16). The adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the pitch angle and / or tilt angle of the parallel beam (17). The adjustment mechanism includes a pitch adjustment mechanism and a tilt adjustment mechanism; The pitch adjustment mechanism is located at the upper end adjacent to the pitch tilt fine adjustment plate (15) and is used to adjust the forward and backward pitch of the parallel beam. The tilt adjustment mechanism is located at the lower end of the pitch tilt fine-tuning plate (15) and is used to adjust the left and right tilt of the parallel beam.

2. The optometry platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internally fed powder cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular focusing lens group includes a conical lens (21), a focusing ring lens group (22), a lens group support (23), a movable base (24), and a platform base (25). The conical lens (21) is located in the center of the annular focusing lens group and is used to receive the incident parallel beam (17). The focusing ring lens group (22) is opposite to the conical lens (21) and coaxially mounted on the lens group support (23). The conical lens (21), the focusing ring lens group (22), and the lens group support (23) are coaxially mounted and placed above the movable base (24). The movable base (24) is fixed on the platform base (25).

3. The optometry platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internally fed powder cladding nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The movable base (24) includes a fixed slider (241), a slider fine-tuning knob (242), and a slider groove (243). The slider slot (243) is located below the lens assembly bracket (23) and is used to support the lens assembly bracket (23). The upper surface of the slider slot (243) is uniformly provided with multiple straight grooves along the circumference. Each fixed slider (242) arranged along the circumference is embedded in the corresponding straight groove of the slider slot (243) and can move linearly along the groove opening direction to accommodate and place mirror brackets (23) of different diameters. The slider fine-tuning knob (242) is set one-to-one with the fixed slider (241) and is used to adjust the position of the lens bracket (23) supported in the slider groove (243) in the radial direction.

4. The optometry platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of the optical powder-feeding cladding nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slider slot (243) includes a central circular hole and the straight grooves evenly arranged around the outer periphery of the central circular hole, and the lens assembly bracket (23) is supported in the central circular hole; The slider fine adjustment knob (242) is threadedly connected to the corresponding fixed slider (241), and the slider fine adjustment knob (242) passes through the fixed slider (241) and abuts against the outer periphery of the lens group support (23). By rotating the slider fine adjustment knob (242), the position of the annular focusing lens group is radially fine-tuned so that it is aligned with the parallel light source device and forms a co-optical axis distribution with the parallel light source device.

5. The optometry platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internally fed powder cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The defocus adjustment device also includes a base plate (36), a defocus height adjustment mechanism disposed between the upper surface of the base plate (36) and the defocus platform (31), and a fine adjustment knob (32). The defocus height adjustment mechanism includes a scissor structure formed by two supports (34) hinged in the middle. The two lower arms of the scissor structure are located in the slide grooves provided on the upper surface of the base plate (36). A lead screw is provided at the position of the two upper arms of the scissor structure. The fine adjustment knob (32) is provided at the end of the lead screw. By rotating the fine adjustment knob (32), the lead screw is rotated to drive the two lower arms of the scissor structure to slide in the slide grooves provided on the upper surface of the base plate (36), thereby realizing the height adjustment of the defocus platform (31) to adjust the defocus height.

6. The optometry platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internally fed powder cladding nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism uses a threaded ball support universal assembly to achieve pitch and / or tilt adjustment, wherein: The pitch adjustment mechanism includes a set of threaded ball support universal assembly, which is set on the central axis corresponding to the upper end position of the pitch tilt fine adjustment plate (15); The tilt adjustment mechanism includes two sets of threaded spherical support universal components, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis corresponding to the lower end position of the pitch tilt fine adjustment plate (15); The threaded spherical support universal assembly includes a ball head rod (18), a ball head rod fixing nut (151), a ball head groove (19), and adjusting screws (20, 21); the ball head rod fixing nut (151) is set on the pitch and tilt fine adjustment plate (15), and is set to correspond to the positions of the pitch adjustment mechanism and the tilt adjustment mechanism respectively; The ball head rod (18) includes a ball head and an external threaded rod, the external threaded rod being threaded into the ball head rod fixing nut (151) and locked in place; The ball head groove (19) includes a ball head groove and an internal thread groove. The ball head of the ball head rod (18) is located inside the ball head groove of the ball head groove (19) and forms a hinge with the ball head groove. Adjusting screws (20, 21) pass through the light holes provided on the fixed connecting plate (16) and form a threaded connection with the internal thread groove of the ball head groove (19). The pitch and / or tilt of the parallel beam can be adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the adjusting screws (20, 21) corresponding to the pitch adjustment mechanism and the tilt adjustment mechanism in the corresponding internal thread groove.

7. A refraction method based on the refraction platform for inspecting the internal annular focusing lens assembly of an internal powder-feeding cladding nozzle as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The parallel light source device emits a parallel beam vertically, specifically including: assembling the light source (11), the transition section (12A) of the circular light tube (12) and the collimating lens tube (12B) in sequence, and collimating the beam emitted by the light source (11) through the collimating lens tube (12B) to obtain a parallel beam (17) to be emitted. First, the parallel beam is initially adjusted and corrected in space by rotating the light source adjustment screw (131) and the collimator fixing screw (141); then, the spatial attitude of the pitch and tilt fine adjustment plate (15) is adjusted by the beam adjustment mechanism to adjust the pitch angle and / or tilt angle of the parallel beam (17) so that the parallel beam is emitted vertically from the parallel light source device. Step 2: By radially adjusting the spatial position of the ring focusing lens group, the central axis of the ring focusing lens group is made coaxial with the central axis of the vertically incident parallel beam. The vertically coaxial parallel beam is focused by the ring focusing lens group to obtain a hollow ring focused beam (26) that is emitted. Step 3: Dynamically adjust the focused spot of the hollow ring focusing beam on the defocusing platform, specifically including: the hollow ring focusing beam (26) obtained by the parallel beam (17) being coaxially and perpendicularly injected into the ring focusing lens group and undergoing optical path conversion, is projected onto the plane of the photoelectric detection device to form a focused spot; Rotating the fine-tuning knob of the defocus adjustment device drives the defocus platform (31) to move up and down to adjust the defocus height. The hollow ring-shaped focused beam (26) is projected onto the plane of the photoelectric detection device to form a ring-shaped focused beam for detecting the morphological quality of the ring-shaped beam.

Images