Method and system for obtaining braking distance of escalator with arbitrary load

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load and a system for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load. In this method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load, an unloaded braking distance test is performed on the escalator to obtain the unloaded braking distance S0; the equivalent unloaded kinetic energy E0 of the escalator is obtained; the braking distance of the escalator under is calculated through the braking distance equation for any load #imgabs0#; where α is the escalator angle, λ1 is the load influence coefficient, m1 is the mass of any load, and v is the running speed of the escalator under any load. The present invention can realize the electronic measurement of the braking distance of the escalator. Compared with the traditional manual measurement method, the electronic measurement not only has high measurement accuracy and small error, but also the test result (braking distance) can be directly obtained, which is convenient and fast to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of escalator testing, and more specifically, to a method for obtaining an escalator's arbitrary load braking distance and a system for obtaining an escalator's arbitrary load braking distance. Background Art

[0002] Escalators are an indispensable means of transportation for transporting large numbers of passengers in public places such as stations, shopping malls, and subways. In recent years, the number of escalators in my country has increased rapidly, and their scope of use is also extremely wide.

[0003] However, with the increase in the number of escalators, escalator safety accidents have also occurred. In particular, the braking performance of the escalator and whether it can be braked in time directly affect the severity of the accident. However, there are currently few and inconsistent evaluation methods for braking performance in the industry. In addition, there is a lack of standards and specifications specifically for escalator safety assessment. Escalator safety assessment is still in a state of no basis, which limits the development of escalator safety assessment work.

[0004] At present, the EU is in a leading position in the world in the field of escalator operation safety research. The EU introduced the idea of ​​safety assessment into the manufacture and installation of escalators at an early stage. For example, in EN115-1-2008 "Safety Specification for the Manufacture and Installation of Escalators and Moving Walkways", the manufacturing and installation requirements of all aspects of elevators are fully integrated with the safety requirements, which greatly reflects the idea of ​​safety first. In my country, the research on escalator safety technology is still in the stage of tracking EU and ISO standards. The basic safety standard GB16899 for escalators is equivalent to the European EN115-1 standard, which provides a unified national technical basis and safety requirements for the manufacture, installation and inspection of escalators. It is the most important part of the current technical regulations related to escalator safety in my country. In terms of escalator safety assessment, GB24403.1 and GB20900 are derived from ISO / TS22559-1 "Safety requirements for elevators Part 1 - Global basic safety requirements" and ISO / TS14798 "Methods for risk assessment and reduction for elevators, escalators and moving walkways" respectively. They are two important reference standards in the field of escalator safety assessment in my country.

[0005] my country's national standards and inspection procedures for escalator stopping distance detection have requirements for the detection of empty and fully loaded stopping distances. However, in practice, the fully loaded stopping distance detection is very risky and requires high requirements. It requires a certain number of weights to complete. During operation, if you are not careful, there is a risk of damaging the steps and buildings. In addition, the capture of the escalator's stopping action is also carried out through manual observation, and the detection error of the braking distance is extremely large. Summary of the invention

[0006] In summary, how to provide a new method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load, and the method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load is as follows:

[0009] Conduct no-load braking distance test on escalator and obtain no-load braking distance S0;

[0010] Obtain the equivalent no-load kinetic energy E0 of the escalator;

[0011] Braking distance equation by arbitrary load Calculate the braking distance S1 of the escalator under any load;

[0012] Among them, α is the escalator angle, λ1 is the load influence coefficient, m1 is the arbitrary load mass, and v is the running speed of the escalator under any load.

[0013] Preferably, in the method for obtaining the arbitrary load braking distance of the escalator provided by the present invention, the equivalent no-load kinetic energy E0 is obtained by: performing a no-load braking test and at least one loaded braking test on the escalator; obtaining the no-load braking distance S0 of the no-load braking test, obtaining the loaded braking distance S1' of the loaded braking test and obtaining the corresponding load mass m1'; obtaining the equivalent no-load kinetic energy equation Calculate the equivalent no-load kinetic energy of the escalator.

[0014] Preferably, in the method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator with any load provided by the present invention, the load influence coefficient λ1=K0 / K1, wherein K0 is the no-load test estimation coefficient, and K1 is the load estimation coefficient; the no-load test estimation coefficient and the load estimation coefficient are obtained by setting the braking incremental unit length D and obtaining a discrete braking length according to the braking incremental unit length D, that is, 0-D-2D-3D-4D...nD, wherein n is a positive integer; for the no-load test estimation coefficient K0, if the no-load braking distance S0 falls within the interval of any two adjacent discrete values, the larger value in the interval is A discrete value is used as the no-load calculation coefficient K0. If the no-load braking distance S0 falls on a discrete value point, then the discrete value point is the no-load calculation coefficient K0; for the load test calculation coefficient K1, if the loaded braking distance S1' falls within the interval of any two adjacent discrete values, then the larger discrete value in the interval of the loaded braking distance S1' is used as the loaded calculation coefficient K1. If the loaded braking distance S1' falls on a discrete value point, then the discrete value point where the loaded braking distance S1' falls is the loaded calculation coefficient K1; preferably, the braking incremental unit length D is 0.1 cm.

[0015] Preferably, in the method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load provided by the present invention, the braking distance S is obtained by a distance sensor arranged on the escalator.

[0016] Preferably, in the method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load provided by the present invention, the braking distance S is obtained by: setting a reference point relative to the escalator and setting a distance sensor on the steps of the escalator; setting a frequency P for the distance sensor to obtain the real-time distance and setting a braking threshold M; braking the escalator, and obtaining two adjacent distance values ​​S by the distance sensor n and S n-1 , and calculate ΔS, where ΔS=||S n |-|S n-1 ||, when ΔS> braking threshold M and ΔS of multiple consecutive adjacent points are greater than braking threshold M, record S n-1 When the escalator stops running, record the size of S at this time, then the braking distance is SS n-1 .

[0017] Preferably, in the method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under arbitrary load provided by the present invention, the plurality of continuous adjacent points are at least five continuous adjacent points.

[0018] Preferably, in the method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under arbitrary load provided by the present invention, before the escalator is braked, the escalator is in a uniform speed operation state.

[0019] Preferably, in the method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load provided by the present invention, a computable equation is set on the steps of the escalator: The distance sensor sends real-time distance information to the tester.

[0020] Preferably, in the method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under arbitrary load provided by the present invention, the tester has a vertical plane facing the escalator; and the tester and the distance sensor are arranged on the same step of the escalator.

[0021] Preferably, in the method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under arbitrary load provided by the present invention, the distance sensor is a laser ranging sensor.

[0022] The present invention also provides an escalator arbitrary load braking distance acquisition system, the escalator arbitrary load braking distance acquisition system comprises: a distance sensor for acquiring the escalator braking distance; a braking distance equation for arbitrary loads as claimed in claim 2 And the equivalent no-load kinetic energy equation A tester is connected to the distance sensor signal and is used to receive a real-time distance signal obtained by the distance sensor.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention can realize the electronic measurement of the braking distance of the escalator. Compared with the traditional manual measurement method, the electronic measurement not only has high measurement accuracy and small error, but also the test result (braking distance) can be directly obtained, which is convenient and quick to use;

[0025] 2. The present invention can easily obtain the equivalent no-load kinetic energy of the escalator by obtaining the no-load braking distance of the escalator, the braking distance after loading, and the load weight. The present invention only needs to measure the braking distance twice, and the number of measurements is greatly reduced, which not only improves the test efficiency, but also simplifies the test operation and standardizes the test process. At the same time, when testing the braking distance with load, the present invention has no requirements for the load weight, and the test can be completed with a light load. The operation is simple and will not cause damage to the equipment under test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. Among them:

[0027] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of the escalator arbitrary load braking distance acquisition system in the embodiment of the present invention when it is set on the escalator steps for testing;

[0028] Figure 2 4 is a block diagram of the internal circuit of the tester in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the figure, the corresponding relationship between the component names and the reference numerals is as follows:

[0030] Escalator step 1, distance sensor 2, tester 3, reference point 4;

[0031] CPU5, clock circuit module 51, reset circuit module 52, touch screen display module 53, WIFI communication module 54, power supply module 55, braking distance calculation module 56, laser ranging sensor interface 57, acceleration sensor interface 58. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. In fact, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations may be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. For example, a feature shown or described as a part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, it is desired that the present invention encompasses such modifications and variations within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixed connections or detachable connections; they can be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,in, Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the escalator arbitrary load braking distance acquisition system in the embodiment of the present invention when it is set on the escalator steps for testing; Figure 2 4 is a block diagram of the internal circuit of the tester in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] The present invention provides a method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under arbitrary load. In the method, the present invention needs to perform a no-load braking distance test on the escalator to obtain the no-load braking distance S0, and simultaneously obtain the equivalent no-load kinetic energy E0 of the escalator; through the arbitrary load braking distance equation Calculate the braking distance of the escalator under any load; where α is the escalator angle and λ1 is the load influence coefficient.

[0036] The calculation formula of λ1 is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] For obtaining the equivalent no-load kinetic energy of the escalator, the method flow of the present invention is as follows:

[0039] The first step is to accurately test the braking distance of the escalator.

[0040] It should be noted that escalators all run at an incline, that is, they are inclined upward or downward along a straight line. During the test process of the present invention, the braking distance obtained is the projection distance of the escalator test point (the point where the test device is set on the escalator) on the horizontal plane.

[0041] The present invention adopts an electronic testing device to obtain the braking distance of the escalator. The specific structure of the electronic testing device is as follows: it includes a vertically set reference point, a distance sensor 2 for being set on the escalator step 1, and a tester 3 (the tester 3 is wired to the distance sensor 2 and is also set on the escalator step 1). In order to improve the accuracy of the braking distance acquisition, the side of the reference point 4 facing the escalator is a vertical plane, the distance sensor 2 is set on the escalator step 1, and can obtain the distance between the reference point 4 (specifically the vertical plane of the reference point facing the escalator) in real time. The tester 3 has a data processing function and a mathematical operation function, and determines whether the escalator starts braking and automatically calculates the braking distance of the escalator through the real-time distance information obtained by the distance sensor 2.

[0042] Specifically, the distance sensor used in the present invention is a laser distance sensor, which emits a horizontal distance measuring laser to the test point. The laser distance sensor has the characteristics of high measurement accuracy and sensitive response. Of course, the present invention can also use an ultrasonic distance measuring device, etc.

[0043] As to how to determine that the escalator starts braking, the method adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0044] First, a frequency P of the distance sensor acquiring the real-time distance is set, and then a braking threshold M is set according to the experience of those skilled in the art;

[0045] Then, place the distance sensor and the tester on the steps of the escalator, set the reference point, power on and start the escalator. When the escalator runs at a constant speed, start the distance sensor and the tester to measure and calculate the distance change relative to the test point.

[0046] Finally, the brake button of the escalator is activated. The distance sensor obtains the real-time distance to the reference point at frequency P and sends the real-time distance information to the tester. The tester processes and analyzes the real-time distance information. When the position change is greater than the braking threshold M, that is, ΔS=||S n |-|S n-1 ||> braking threshold M, and when the ΔS of five consecutive adjacent points is greater than the braking threshold M, record S n-1 When the escalator stops running, record the size of S at this time, then the braking distance is SS n-1 .

[0047] Through the above method, the electronic measurement of the braking distance of the escalator can be realized. Compared with the traditional manual measurement method, the electronic measurement not only has high measurement accuracy and small error, but also the test results (braking distance) can be obtained directly, which is convenient and quick to use.

[0048] The second step is to test the no-load braking distance S0 and calculate the loaded braking distance S1 when the load mass is m1.

[0049] The calculation method of the loaded braking distance S1 is as follows: S1=K*m1+S0, where K is the calculation coefficient.

[0050] The calculation coefficient K is set as follows: set a braking increment unit length D, then the discrete braking length is: 0-D-2D-3D-4D...nD, where n is a positive integer. Then, during the no-load braking test, the no-load braking distance S0 must fall within the interval of any two adjacent discrete values ​​or at a discrete value point. If the no-load braking distance S0 falls within the interval of any two adjacent discrete values, the larger discrete value in the interval is used as the calculation coefficient K. If the no-load braking distance S0 falls on a discrete value point, then the discrete value point is the calculation coefficient K.

[0051] For example, if the braking increment unit length D is 0.1, then the discrete braking length is: 0-0.1-0.2-0.3-0.4...n0.1. When S0<=0.2, K=0.2; when S0<=0.3, K=0.3; when S0<=0.4, K=0.4; when S0<=0.5, K=0.5; when S0<=0.6, K=0.6.

[0052] Then, when the escalator is unloaded, there are:

[0053] FS0=k0E0;

[0054] When a load of mass m1' is installed, there is formula 1:

[0055]

[0056] The no-load kinetic energy is the formula 2:

[0057]

[0058] By testing the no-load braking distance S0 and analyzing the load influence coefficient, the equivalent no-load kinetic energy of the escalator can be calculated, that is, the kinetic energy consumed by braking except for the load.

[0059] Compare equation 1 with equation 2, that is, divide the two equations, cancel F, and then use λ1 to replace K0 / K1 to obtain the equivalent no-load kinetic energy of the escalator, that is, equation 3 is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] In the above formula: α is the inclination angle of the escalator; λ1 is the load influence coefficient, that is, K0 / K1; V is the escalator running speed.

[0062] It should be noted that the load influence coefficient is derived repeatedly based on experimental data. The derivation idea is to first derive a formula based on the law of conservation of energy, and then use the experimental data to reverse the coefficient in the formula. For example, different tests can be performed on the same escalator, such as no-load braking test, braking test when the load is m1, braking test when the load is m2, braking test when the load is m3... In this way, by obtaining multiple sets of (braking distance, corresponding load) data, λ1=K0 / K1 can be deduced.

[0063] After obtaining formula three, the equivalent no-load kinetic energy of the escalator can be easily obtained by obtaining the no-load braking distance of the escalator, the braking distance after loading, and the load weight. The present invention only needs to measure the braking distance twice, and the number of measurements is greatly reduced, which not only improves the test efficiency, but also simplifies the test operation and standardizes the test process. At the same time, when testing the braking distance with load, the present invention has no requirements for the load weight, and the test can be completed with a light load. The operation is simple and will not cause damage to the equipment under test.

[0064] In the present invention, the structure of the tester used is: including a CPU5 and multiple functional modules connected to the CPU5, the multiple functional modules specifically include a clock circuit module 51, a reset circuit module 52, a touch screen display module 53, a WIFI communication module 54, a power supply module 55 and a braking distance calculation module 56. At the same time, multiple interfaces are also connected to the CPU, and the multiple interfaces specifically include a laser ranging sensor interface 57 and an acceleration sensor interface 58.

[0065] In the above-mentioned method for predicting the braking distance of an escalator, the present invention calculates the equivalent no-load kinetic energy through no-load braking distance test, and predicts the braking distance of the escalator with any load according to the law of development and change of braking distance and mathematical model. The load influence coefficient involved in the present invention is obtained by repeated deduction based on experimental data. The idea is to first derive a formula based on the law of conservation of energy, and then use the experimental data to reversely deduce the coefficient in the formula.

[0066] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load, characterized in that: Conduct no-load braking distance test on escalator and obtain no-load braking distance S0; Obtain the equivalent no-load kinetic energy E0 of the escalator; Braking distance equation by arbitrary load Calculate the braking distance S1 of the escalator under any load; Among them, α is the escalator angle, λ1 is the load influence coefficient, m1 is the mass of any load, and v is the running speed of the escalator under any load; The equivalent no-load kinetic energy E0 is obtained as follows: Carry out no-load brake test and at least one load brake test on the escalator; Obtain the no-load braking distance S0 of the no-load braking test, obtain the loaded braking distance S1' of the loaded braking test and obtain the corresponding load mass m1'; Through the equivalent no-load kinetic energy equation Calculate the equivalent no-load kinetic energy of the escalator; Load influence coefficient λ1=K0 / K1, where K0 is the coefficient calculated from no-load test and K1 is the coefficient calculated from load test; The method for obtaining the no-load test calculation coefficient and the load calculation coefficient is as follows: A braking incremental unit length D is set and a discrete braking length is obtained according to the braking incremental unit length D, that is, 0-D-2D-3D-4D...nD, where n is a positive integer; For the no-load test estimation coefficient K0, if the no-load braking distance S0 falls within the interval of any two adjacent discrete values, the larger discrete value in the interval is used as the no-load estimation coefficient K0; if the no-load braking distance S0 falls on a discrete value point, the discrete value point is the no-load estimation coefficient K0; For the load test calculation coefficient K1, if the loaded braking distance S1' falls within the interval of any two adjacent discrete values, then the larger discrete value in the interval is used as the load calculation coefficient K1; if the loaded braking distance S1' falls on a discrete value point, then the discrete value point where the loaded braking distance S1' falls is the load calculation coefficient K1.

2. The method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The braking incremental unit length D is 0.1 cm.

3. The method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The braking distance S is obtained by a distance sensor installed on the escalator.

4. The method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load according to claim 3, characterized in that: Before the escalator is braked, the escalator is in a uniform speed operation state.

5. The method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load according to claim 3, characterized in that: Setting energy calculation equations on the steps of an escalator The distance sensor sends real-time distance information to the tester.

6. The method for obtaining the braking distance of an escalator under any load according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tester has a vertical plane facing the escalator; The tester and the distance sensor are arranged on the steps of the same escalator.

7. An escalator arbitrary load braking distance acquisition system, characterized in that: include: Distance sensor for obtaining the braking distance of the escalator; Can calculate the braking distance equation for any load as claimed in claim 2 And the equivalent no-load kinetic energy equation A tester is connected to the distance sensor signal and is used to receive a real-time distance signal obtained by the distance sensor.

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