A gravity compressed air energy storage system including an attitude adjustment component

Abstract

The present invention proposes a gravity compressed air energy storage system including a posture adjustment component. By arranging a vertical shaft fixing ring above the upper operating limit of the sealing membrane and evenly arranging a plurality of adjustment guide wheels on the inner side of the vertical shaft fixing ring, the posture of the gravity pressure block above the sealing membrane can be adjusted at any stage of the operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system by adjusting the distance between the guide wheel and the pressure cylinder. At the same time, a support component is provided at the bottom of the pressure cylinder. The support component can be movably connected with the pressure cylinder in the initial stage of the operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, effectively limiting the degree of inclination of the pressure cylinder and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air energy storage, and in particular to a gravity-compressed air energy storage system including a posture adjustment component. Background Art

[0002] The gravity compressed air energy storage system converts excess electrical energy into gravitational potential energy through an air compressor, and converts gravitational potential energy into electrical energy through an air pressure generator during peak power consumption periods. Specifically, when storing energy, the compressed air energy storage system consumes electrical energy to compress the air and store it in the air storage chamber. The top plate of the air storage chamber rises, lifting the gravity pressure block; when releasing energy, high-pressure air is released from the air storage chamber, and the gravity pressure block descends along with the top plate of the air storage chamber. The high-pressure gas input into the air storage reservoir lifts the gravity pressure block on the top of the sealing membrane, thereby converting part of the electrical energy into the gravitational potential energy of the gravity pressure block. In this process, the uneven output of high-pressure gas causes the gravity pressure block above the sealing membrane to tilt and causes uneven force on the sealing membrane, increasing the risk of structural damage to the gravity pressure block and leakage of the sealing membrane at the start of operation and during operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0004] To this end, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a gravity compressed air energy storage system including a posture adjustment component, by arranging a vertical shaft fixing ring above the upper limit of the sealing membrane operation, and evenly arranging multiple adjustment guide wheels on the inner side of the vertical shaft fixing ring, and by adjusting the distance between the guide wheel and the pressure cylinder, the posture of the gravity pressure block above the sealing membrane can be adjusted at any stage of the operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system; at the same time, a support component is provided at the bottom of the pressure cylinder, and in the initial stage of the operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, the support component and the pressure cylinder are movably connected, which effectively limits the degree of inclination of the pressure cylinder posture and ensures the safe and stable operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a gravity compressed air energy storage system including a posture adjustment component, comprising:

[0006] a vertical shaft, wherein a gravity assembly is movably inserted into the vertical shaft, a gap is defined between an outer wall of the gravity assembly and an inner wall of the vertical shaft, a sealing membrane is disposed in the gap, and the sealing membrane is sealedly connected to the outer wall of the gravity assembly and the inner wall of the vertical shaft, so that an air storage chamber is enclosed by the sealing membrane, a space of the vertical shaft below the sealing membrane, and the gravity assembly; and

[0007] A posture adjustment assembly; it includes a first adjustment assembly and a support assembly; wherein in the vertical direction, the first adjustment assembly is arranged inside the vertical shaft, and is located between the vertical shaft and the gravity assembly and is arranged at the upper end of the upper limit of the sealing membrane operation; the support assembly is arranged vertically, its bottom is arranged at the bottom of the vertical shaft and its top extends to the inside of the gravity assembly, and is plug-in connected to the gravity assembly.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first adjustment assembly includes a shaft fixing ring and an adjustment guide wheel; wherein the shaft fixing ring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shaft and is located at the upper end of the upper limit of the sealing membrane operation; the adjustment guide wheel is a plurality of wheels arranged along the inner circumference of the shaft fixing ring and in contact with the gravity assembly, and the adjustment guide wheel is located on the outside of the gravity assembly.

[0009] In some embodiments, the angle between adjacent adjustment guide wheels is 22.5°-30°.

[0010] In some embodiments, the support assembly includes a plurality of support columns disposed at the bottom of the gravity assembly; wherein the bottom of the support columns is connected to the bottom of the shaft via a locking bracket; and the top of the support column extends into a groove at the bottom of the gravity assembly.

[0011] In some embodiments, in the vertical direction, the area of ​​the transverse cross section of the support column gradually decreases; wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the support column at one end close to the locking bracket is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the end extending into the groove.

[0012] In some embodiments, the gravity assembly includes a gravity block group and a pressure-bearing assembly; wherein the gravity block group is arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing assembly, and includes a plurality of gravity pressure blocks stacked in a vertical direction; the bottom of the pressure-bearing assembly extends into the vertical shaft and its outer wall is connected to the sealing membrane; the top of the pressure-bearing assembly is located on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pressure-bearing assembly includes a pressure-bearing cylinder and a pressure-bearing base; wherein the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder extends into the vertical shaft and the pressure-bearing base is arranged on the top of the pressure-bearing cylinder; the gravity block group is located above the pressure-bearing base, so that when the pressure-bearing cylinder moves downward to the lowest limit, it is supported on the ground around the top of the vertical shaft by the pressure-bearing base.

[0014] In some embodiments, the energy storage system includes a guide device, which includes a guide groove and a roller; wherein a plurality of guide grooves are provided, and the plurality of guide grooves are distributed around the gravity assembly, and the guide grooves are provided on the inner wall of the shaft or the outside of the shaft; the roller cooperates with the guide groove and is connected to the bottom of the guide groove, so that when the gravity assembly moves up and down, the roller moves up and down along the bottom of the guide groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, a plurality of tower structures are provided on the ground around the top of the shaft, and the plurality of guide grooves are respectively installed on the plurality of tower structures.

[0016] In some embodiments, the guide device is provided on the peripheral sides of the plurality of gravity pressing blocks; the guide device on the gravity pressing block is located between the gravity pressing block and the tower structure opposite to the gravity pressing block.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 1 is a structural diagram of a gravity compressed air energy storage system proposed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a first adjustment component proposed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] In the figure, 1. Gravity pressure block; 2. Tower structure; 3. Guide device; 4. Pressure base; 5. Shaft fixing ring; 6. Adjustment guide wheel; 7. Soil layer; 8. Sealing membrane; 9. Locking bracket; 10. Pressure cylinder; 11. Air storage chamber; 12. Shaft; 13. Steel lining; 14. Support column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present invention include all variations, modifications, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0023] See also Figure 1-Figure 2A gravity compressed air energy storage system including a posture adjustment component is proposed in one embodiment of the present invention, including a vertical shaft 12 and a posture adjustment component; wherein the vertical shaft 12 is dug downward in the soil layer 7, and a gravity component is movably inserted in the vertical shaft 12, and there is a gap between the outer wall of the gravity component and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12, and a sealing membrane 8 is provided in the gap, and the sealing membrane 8 is sealedly connected to the outer wall of the gravity component and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12, so that the sealing membrane 8, the space below the sealing membrane 8 of the vertical shaft 12, and the gravity component form an air storage chamber 11.

[0024] In addition, the gravity-compressed air energy storage system also includes an air compression unit, an air expansion unit, and a generator. The air compression unit inlet is connected to an air intake device, the air compression unit outlet is connected to the inlet of the air storage chamber 11 via an energy storage pipeline, the outlet of the air storage chamber 11 is connected to the inlet of the air expansion unit via an energy release pipeline, and the outlet of the air expansion unit is connected to the generator. A heat exchange unit is provided between the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline. The exemplary air compression unit can be equipped with several stages of air compressors according to actual needs; the air expansion unit can be equipped with several stages of expanders according to actual needs.

[0025] The energy release pipeline is equipped with a flow detection device, a pressure detection device and a regulating valve. The flow detection device, the pressure detection device and the regulating valve are respectively connected to the control unit of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, which can monitor and control the key parameters of the system in real time.

[0026] When the gravity compressed air energy storage system in this embodiment is in operation:

[0027] During the off-peak period of the power grid, the gravity compressed air energy storage system stores energy. The energy release pipeline is closed and the energy storage pipeline is opened. Air enters the air compression unit through the air intake device and is compressed to become compressed air. The heat generated is stored in the heat exchange unit. The compressed air enters the air storage chamber 11 through the energy storage pipeline. The volume of the air storage chamber 11 increases, and the gravity pressing block 1 is lifted by the constant pressure of the compressed air, converting the electrical energy into compressed air energy and the gravitational potential energy of the gravity pressing block 1.

[0028] During the peak period of power consumption in the power grid, the compressed air energy storage system releases energy, opens the energy release pipeline, closes the energy storage pipeline, the gravity pressure block 1 descends, the volume of the air storage chamber 11 decreases, and the compressed air is heated by the heat exchange unit. It then enters the air expansion unit through the energy release pipeline to perform work at constant pressure and drive the generator to generate electricity, converting the compressed air energy and the gravitational potential energy of the gravity pressure block 1 into electrical energy.

[0029] In some embodiments, the posture adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment assembly and a support assembly; wherein the first adjustment assembly includes a shaft fixing ring 5 and an adjustment guide wheel 6, as shown in FIG. Figure 2As shown, the shaft fixing ring 5 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shaft 12, and in order to ensure the freedom of operation of the sealing membrane 8 in the vertical direction, the shaft fixing ring 5 is located at the upper end of the upper limit of the operation of the sealing membrane 8; and the adjustment guide wheel 6 is arranged in a plurality of directions along the inner circumference of the shaft fixing ring 5 and is located on the outer circumference of the gravity component; when the gravity compressed air energy storage system is in operation, the gravity component and the shaft 12 are movably plugged in to form a piston structure, and when the gravity component is tilted due to uneven force on the sealing membrane 8, the adjustment guide wheel 6 is in contact with the gravity component. Therefore, in this embodiment, by adjusting the distance between the adjustment guide wheel 6 on the inner wall of the shaft 12 and the gravity component, the risk of different degrees of posture deviation of the gravity component and air leakage of the sealing membrane 8 caused by uneven force on the sealing membrane 8 during the operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system can be further corrected.

[0030] In some embodiments, the angle between adjacent adjustment guide wheels 6 arranged along the inner circumference of the shaft fixing ring 5 is 22.5°-30°. It is understandable that in order to ensure that the adjustment guide wheel 6 can fully correct the posture deviation of the gravity component due to the uneven force on the sealing membrane 8 during the operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, it is extremely necessary to set up multi-angle adjustment guide wheels 6. After actual simulation and field experiments, setting the angle between adjacent adjustment guide wheels 6 to 22.5°-30° can effectively correct the posture deviation of the gravity component. Compared with the theory that the more adjustment guide wheels 6, the better, this embodiment can not only effectively correct the posture deviation of the gravity component, but also reduce the load on the shaft 12, which is beneficial to the stable and efficient operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system. Preferably, the angle between adjacent adjustment guide wheels 6 is set to 22.5°.

[0031] In some embodiments, the support assembly includes a plurality of support columns 14 arranged at the bottom of the gravity assembly, wherein the support columns 14 may include four in the vertical direction, wherein the area of ​​the transverse cross-section of the support column 14 gradually decreases from bottom to top; wherein the bottom end of the support column 14 is connected to the bottom of the shaft 12 through a locking bracket 9, and its top extends upward; wherein a groove recessed into the interior of the gravity assembly is opened at the bottom of the gravity assembly, and in the initial stage of operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, that is, when the gravity assembly is at the lowest limit of operation, the top end of the support column 14 is inserted into the groove of the pressure cylinder 10.

[0032] It is understandable that the support assembly is located as a whole in the air storage chamber 11, wherein the area of ​​the transverse cross-section of the support column 14 gradually decreases from bottom to top. Compared with the case where the area of ​​the transverse cross-section of the support column 14 is the same from top to bottom, not only is the anchoring contact area between the bottom end of the support column 14 and the bottom of the shaft 12 increased under the same gravity load, thereby increasing the anchoring strength of the support column 14, but also the upper end thereof extends into the groove, which not only plays a role in correcting the posture of the gravity assembly, but also minimizes other effects on the operation of the gravity assembly. During the operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, those skilled in the art may believe that as the gravity assembly moves upward in the shaft 12, the groove and the support column 14 are gradually withdrawn, and when the amount of gas in the air storage chamber 11 reaches the maximum limit, the top end of the support column 14 still extends into the inner groove or the top end of the support column 14 is not connected to the groove and has a certain vertical distance. It should be explained that this embodiment is mainly aimed at adjusting the posture tilt of the pressure tube 10 in the initial stage and during operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system. Subsequently, as the operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system ends, when the amount of gas in the air storage chamber 11 reaches the maximum limit, the top of the support column 14 still extends into the inner groove, which is a more advantageous setting for the end of the operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system. Preferably, the support column 14 can be understood as a retractable rod structure. Compared with a non-retractable structure, only a shallow groove needs to be opened in the pressure tube 10, which is beneficial to the sealing performance of the sealing membrane 8 and reduces the contact area with the sealing membrane 8 to extend the service life of the sealing membrane 8.

[0033] In some embodiments, the gravity assembly includes a gravity block group and a pressure-bearing assembly; wherein the gravity block group is arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing assembly; the bottom of the pressure-bearing assembly extends into the vertical shaft 12 and its outer wall is connected to the sealing membrane 8; the top of the pressure-bearing assembly is located on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft 12; wherein the gravity block group includes a plurality of gravity pressure blocks 1 stacked in layers in the vertical direction, and the plurality of gravity pressure blocks 1 are always in the same horizontal and vertical direction.

[0034] Specific examples Figure 1 As shown, the gravity assembly is divided into an above-ground gravity block group and a pressure-bearing assembly, wherein the bottom end of the gravity assembly extends into the interior of the vertical shaft 12 and the sealing membrane 8 is directly connected to the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure-bearing assembly, while the gravity block group is located outside the vertical shaft 12. When realizing large energy storage, there is no need to concentrate all the gravity blocks in the vertical shaft 12, which can reduce the height of the vertical shaft 12 and greatly reduce the excavation workload and engineering difficulty of the vertical shaft 12.

[0035] In addition, the gravity block group includes a plurality of gravity pressure blocks 1 stacked in the vertical direction. By arranging the gravity block group into a plurality of stacked gravity pressure blocks 1, the weight of each gravity pressure block 1 is reduced, and the difficulty of lifting is reduced while meeting the large energy storage. During the lifting construction process, the pressure-bearing component is first lifted into the vertical shaft 12, and the upper end of the pressure-bearing component is supported on the ground around the vertical shaft 12, and then the gravity pressure blocks 1 are lifted layer by layer on the top of the pressure-bearing component.

[0036] In some embodiments, the pressure-bearing assembly includes a pressure-bearing cylinder 10 and a pressure-bearing base 4; the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 extends into the vertical shaft 12 and the pressure-bearing base 4 is set on the top; the gravity block group is located above the pressure-bearing base 4, so that when the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 moves downward to the lowest limit, it is supported on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft 12 by the pressure-bearing base 4.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pressure-bearing assembly includes a pressure-bearing cylinder 10 and a pressure-bearing base 4, wherein the bottom end of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 extends into the interior of the vertical shaft 12, and the sealing membrane 8 is directly connected to the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10, and the top of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 is located on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft 12 and is connected to the pressure-bearing base 4, and multiple gravity pressure blocks 1 stacked in layers in the vertical direction are arranged above the pressure-bearing base 4, so that the multiple gravity pressure blocks 1 are always in the same horizontal and vertical direction.

[0038] In some embodiments, the energy storage system includes a guide device 3, which includes a guide groove 17 and a roller 16; wherein a plurality of guide grooves 17 are provided, and the plurality of guide grooves 17 are distributed around the gravity assembly, and the guide groove 17 is provided on the inner wall of the shaft 12 or outside the shaft 12; the roller 16 cooperates with the guide groove 17 and is connected to the bottom of the guide groove 17, so that when the gravity assembly moves up and down, the roller 16 moves up and down along the bottom of the guide groove 17.

[0039] Specifically, multiple guide grooves 17 are provided, distributed around the gravity assembly. The guide grooves 17 are located on the inner wall of the shaft 12 or outside the shaft 12. In other words, the guide grooves 17 can be located inside or outside the shaft 12. Multiple rollers 16 are provided, each mounted on the gravity assembly via a rotating shaft. The rollers 16 are connected to the bottom of the guide grooves 17, so that when the gravity assembly moves up and down, the rollers 16 move up and down along the bottom of the guide grooves 17.

[0040] It can be understood that when the gravity assembly is located in the vertical shaft 12 and moves during the energy storage process, a plurality of guide grooves 17 can be provided on the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12. For example, four guide grooves 17 can be provided, and the four guide grooves 17 can be provided at equal angles on the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12. Since the roller 16 on the gravity assembly is installed on the outer side of the gravity assembly through a rotating shaft, the roller 16 can rotate on the gravity assembly. When the roller 16 is in contact with the bottom of the guide groove 17, not only can the guide groove 17 be used to limit the position, the guide groove 17 cooperates with the roller 16 to constrain the movement direction of the gravity assembly. At the same time, the gravity assembly moves vertically upward or downward along the guide groove 17 at a certain rate. Lubricant, such as butter or graphite, is regularly added to the contact position between the guide groove 17 and the roller 16 to reduce friction and improve the conversion rate of gravitational potential energy.

[0041] In addition, there is another possibility that multiple tower structures 2 are set on the ground outside the top of the vertical shaft 12, and the multiple tower structures 2 are distributed around the vertical shaft 12, and multiple guide grooves 17 are respectively installed on the multiple tower structures 2, that is, four tower structures 2 can be set, and then the four guide grooves 17 are set on the four tower structures 2 outside the vertical shaft 12. During the energy storage process, part of the gravity component is located outside the vertical shaft 12, and part is located inside the vertical shaft 12. The outer wall of the gravity component inside the vertical shaft 12 and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12 are sealed and connected by a sealing membrane 8.

[0042] For example, a plurality of gravity pressing blocks 1 are provided with guide devices 3 on their circumferences. The guide devices 3 are installed on the circumferences of the gravity pressing blocks 1 and are located between the gravity pressing blocks 1 and the tower structure 2 opposite to the gravity pressing blocks 1. A gap is reserved between the outer wall of the gravity pressing block 1 and the inner wall of the tower, such as Figure 1 The multiple rollers 16 shown are respectively arranged on the peripheral sides of the gravity block group and the peripheral sides of the outer wall of the top end of the pressure tube 10, so that the ground gravity block group and the pressure tube 10 can move up and down along the guide groove 17 through the rollers 16 during the up and down movement.

[0043] In some embodiments, a steel lining 13 is provided on the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12, and the sealing membrane 8 is connected to the inner wall of the steel lining 13. By providing the steel lining 13, the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12 can be ensured to be a smooth wall surface, and since the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 is also a cylindrical structure surrounded by steel plates and also has a smooth outer wall structure, when the sealing membrane 8 is fixed on the steel lining 13 and the pressure-bearing cylinder 10, the sealing performance of the sealing membrane 8 can be improved, and the installation of the sealing membrane 8 is facilitated.

[0044] The provision of the steel lining 13 can improve the sealing performance of the connection with the sealing membrane 8 .

[0045] In addition, it should be noted that the pressure tube 10 is filled with sand.

[0046] It is understood that the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 can be a cylindrical structure surrounded by steel plates with a hollow interior. The reduced weight facilitates lifting. In addition, filling the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 with sand can increase the gravity of the stored energy. As mentioned above, the groove is opened at the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10, but the provision of the groove does not affect the sealing performance of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10.

[0047] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0048] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention pertain.

[0049] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0050] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravity compressed air energy storage system including an attitude adjustment component, characterized in that: include: A vertical shaft, wherein a gravity assembly is movably inserted into the vertical shaft, a gap is defined between the outer wall of the gravity assembly and the inner wall of the vertical shaft, a sealing membrane is disposed in the gap, and the sealing membrane is sealedly connected to the outer wall of the gravity assembly and the inner wall of the vertical shaft, so that an air storage chamber is enclosed by the sealing membrane, the space of the vertical shaft below the sealing membrane, and the gravity assembly; the gravity assembly includes a gravity block group and a pressure-bearing assembly; wherein the weight block group is arranged on the top of the pressure-bearing component, and comprises a plurality of weight pressure blocks stacked in a vertical direction; the bottom of the pressure-bearing component extends into the vertical shaft and the outer wall of the pressure-bearing component is connected to the sealing membrane; the top of the pressure-bearing component is located on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft; the pressure-bearing component comprises a pressure-bearing cylinder and a pressure-bearing base; wherein the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder extends into the vertical shaft and the pressure-bearing base is arranged on the top of the pressure-bearing cylinder; the weight block group is located above the pressure-bearing base so that when the pressure-bearing cylinder moves downward to the lowest limit, it is supported on the ground around the top of the vertical shaft by the pressure-bearing base; and Posture adjustment component; It includes a first adjustment component and a support component; Wherein, in the vertical direction, the first adjustment assembly is arranged inside the vertical shaft, between the vertical shaft and the gravity assembly, and arranged at the upper end of the upper limit of the sealing membrane operation; the support assembly is arranged vertically, with its bottom being arranged at the bottom of the vertical shaft and its top extending into the interior of the gravity assembly and being plug-in connected to the gravity assembly; The first adjustment assembly includes a shaft fixing ring and an adjustment guide wheel; wherein the shaft fixing ring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shaft and is located at the upper end of the upper limit of the sealing membrane operation; the adjustment guide wheels are multiple and arranged along the inner circumference of the shaft fixing ring and are in contact with and connected to the gravity assembly, and the adjustment guide wheel is located on the outside of the gravity assembly; the support assembly includes multiple support columns arranged at the bottom of the gravity assembly; wherein the bottom of the support column is connected to the bottom of the shaft through a locking bracket; the top of the support column extends into the groove at the bottom of the gravity assembly.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that The included angle between adjacent adjustment guide wheels is 22.5°-30°.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that In the vertical direction, the area of ​​the transverse cross section of the support column gradually decreases; wherein the cross section area of ​​the support column at one end close to the locking bracket is larger than the cross section area of ​​the end extending into the groove.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy storage system includes a guide device, which includes a guide groove and a roller; wherein the guide groove is provided in plurality, and the plurality of guide grooves are distributed around the gravity assembly, and the guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the vertical shaft or outside the vertical shaft; the roller cooperates with the guide groove and is connected to the bottom of the guide groove, so that the roller moves up and down along the bottom of the guide groove when the gravity assembly moves up and down.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of tower structures are arranged on the ground around the top of the shaft, and a plurality of the guide grooves are respectively installed on the plurality of tower structures.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide devices are provided on the peripheral sides of the plurality of gravity pressing blocks; the guide devices on the gravity pressing blocks are located between the gravity pressing blocks and the tower structure opposite to the gravity pressing blocks.

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