A charging control method and a charging system of an electric vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging, and discloses a charging control method and a charging system for an electric vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: collecting the demand of a driver and the power demand of each electric device during charging through a collecting device and feeding back the demand and the power demand to a computing device; the computing device estimates the heat management duration according to the received information, calculates the power demand and the charging completion condition of the charging process, calculates and predicts the charging result, and judges whether the charging can be normally performed. The method can estimate whether the normal charging can be completed under the charging condition by calculating the real-time power demand of the charging process, so that the service life of a battery is not affected by power fluctuation during the charging process; when the normal charging cannot be performed, a suggestion is provided to the driver to turn off part of the electric devices, so that the user experience is maximally ensured on the premise that the charging of the battery is preferentially satisfied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle charging technology, and more specifically to a charging control method and charging system for electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the new energy vehicle industry has developed rapidly, and electric vehicles have been increasingly widely used. The charging methods for new energy vehicles are divided into AC charging and DC charging, and the charging process includes constant current charging and constant voltage charging. Currently, constant current charging is more common for both AC and DC charging of vehicles. However, the charging power of new energy vehicles is limited by ambient temperature and vehicle condition. Specifically, when the battery's allowable charging power is low (such as under low temperature or high SOC conditions), the operating status of the vehicle's thermal management devices or DC-DC converters and other electrical components will limit the battery charging rate, and in severe cases, may even cause the battery's SOC to decrease or even become over-discharged. Furthermore, during the charging process, due to the low charging current, some on-board electrical appliances will divert the current flowing into the power battery, reducing its capacity or even causing reverse power consumption.

[0003] Existing technologies often employ the following solutions: During charging, the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) limits the power of onboard electrical components (thermal management devices, DC-DC converters, etc.) based on the charging current requested by the Battery Management System (BMS) and the actual charging current. For example, if the charging power requested by the BMS to the VCU is less than a certain threshold, the VCU may disable the thermal management device or part of the DC-DC converter's function or limit its power; or it may request additional power from the charger to maintain the operation of other power devices in the vehicle, providing sufficient power to other electrical components while charging the battery to maintain their normal operation. However, in this scenario, because the actual power of heating, cooling, and DC-DC converters is not constant, fluctuations in the power of these devices may cause the actual charging current to exceed the battery's maximum allowable charging current. Prolonged exposure to this state may affect the battery's lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem of battery lifespan impact caused by the limited thermal management and charging methods of other power devices used in existing electric vehicles. It provides a new charging control method and charging system for electric vehicles, which expands the power control prediction strategy during charging based on the BMS, enabling the vehicle to predict the charging effect in advance, determine whether the charging demand can be completed within the set charging time at the current requested power, and provide feedback to the driver for adjustment.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A charging control method for an electric vehicle, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: The data collection device collects the power requirements of each electrical component and the charging requirements input by the driver through the human-machine interface, and feeds them back to the computing device.

[0008] Step 2: The temperature sensor feeds back the current battery temperature information to the computing device;

[0009] Step 3: The computing device estimates the duration of thermal management based on the received information, calculates the power requirements of the charging process, and the charging completion status during the charging interaction;

[0010] Step 4: The computing device calculates and predicts the charging result, and feeds back the charging evaluation result to the collection device;

[0011] Step 5: If the charging assessment result can meet the driver's needs while ensuring positive battery charge growth, charging will proceed normally; if the charging assessment result shows that charging cannot proceed normally, the data collection device will issue a prompt to the driver and provide corresponding suggestions based on the actual situation to turn off some electrical components and prioritize battery charging.

[0012] Preferably, the data collection device in step 1 is a domain controller, and the computing device is also a domain controller. The domain controller collects the power requirements of each electrical device and the charging requirements input by the driver through the human-machine interface and feeds them back to the domain controller for calculation and evaluation.

[0013] Preferably, the data collection device in step 1 is a vehicle control unit (VCU), and the computing device is a battery management system (BMS).

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1, the power requirements of each electrical component collected by the vehicle controller (VCU) can be directly measured by placing current sensors in each power branch to determine the current required by the electrical components during the charging process.

[0015] Preferably, the power requirements of each electrical component in the vehicle collected and calculated by the vehicle controller (VCU) in step 1 can be transmitted through each electrical component, including at least:

[0016] (1) The motor controller MCU sends the motor's required power, operating status, and duration of the status, where the operating status includes forward rotation and reverse rotation;

[0017] (2) The DC-DC controller sends the DC-DC power demand and duration, i.e. the possible duration from when the vehicle starts charging to when it goes low on voltage.

[0018] (3) The thermal management controller (TMS) sends the thermal management power requirement;

[0019] (4) Power requirements of electrical components used in electronic air conditioners.

[0020] Furthermore, the charging needs of the driver collected by the collection device in step 1 include at least the following:

[0021] (1) Charging stop time;

[0022] (2) Duration of electronic air conditioning appliances.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 3, the computing device determines whether the thermal management device should be turned on and estimates the turn-on time based on the received battery temperature and the target battery temperature. At the same time, based on the received power demand, it determines the current charging power required by the battery and then calculates and predicts the battery charge growth within the time set by the driver.

[0024] Furthermore, the increase in battery power in the charging evaluation results of step 4 is categorized as follows:

[0025] (1) First negative growth followed by positive growth;

[0026] (2) Low-rate positive growth;

[0027] (3) Negative growth.

[0028] Furthermore, when the charging evaluation result in step 5 shows that normal charging is possible or when the driver chooses to turn off some electrical devices to achieve positive charging growth, the computing device sends the charging current demand to the DC charging pile or the on-board AC charger through the charging interaction, and the power battery begins to charge.

[0029] Preferably, the temperature sensor monitors the battery temperature in real time and provides timely feedback to the battery management system (BMS). The purpose is to promptly monitor whether the battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the computing device can control the activation of the thermal management device.

[0030] The present invention also provides a charging system for electric vehicles, the system comprising:

[0031] Temperature sensor: Monitors the battery temperature in real time and feeds the temperature information back to the computing device;

[0032] Data collection equipment: collects the power requirements of each electrical component during charging, as well as the driver's charging needs, and feeds them back to the computing equipment;

[0033] Computing device: Calculates and predicts charging evaluation results based on the collected power demand and temperature information, and feeds the results back to the collecting device;

[0034] The collecting device and computing device are used to perform the steps of the above-described charging control method.

[0035] The charging control method provided by this invention involves a computing device that estimates the vehicle's power demand by reading and collecting driver interaction information and the power demand of each electrical appliance, and also estimates the battery thermal management power demand and duration. This allows the device to determine whether the power provided by the charger can meet the charging demand within a certain charging time and whether there is a risk of battery over-discharge. This ensures that the power battery maintains a stable requested charging power under different operating conditions, preventing problems such as instantaneous power fluctuations in the power battery caused by the start-stop of vehicle power devices, while also maintaining the normal operation of all electrical appliances in the vehicle.

[0036] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. The present invention provides a charging control method and charging system for electric vehicles. By calculating the driver's demand and the power demand of each electrical component received by the computing device, the real-time power demand during the charging process is calculated, and it is determined whether normal charging can be carried out under the set conditions, so as to avoid the battery life being affected by power fluctuations during the charging process.

[0038] 2. The electric vehicle charging control method and charging system provided by the present invention can not only avoid affecting the battery, but also make judgments based on the actual situation and provide suggestions to the driver, prompting him to turn off some electrical appliances, thus maximizing the user experience while meeting normal charging requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 A flowchart of the charging control method provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage box for a power battery.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the charging control method in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Combination Figure 2The schematic diagram of the high-voltage power battery box is shown below. The diagram shows the high-voltage power battery box. The two-pin interface on the left is the electric heating circuit interface, which is connected to the battery heating PTC. The two-pin interface on the right is connected to the vehicle DC-DC converter. The DC-DC converter can supply power to charge the 12V low-voltage power supply and provide low-voltage power to other low-voltage electrical appliances. The positive and negative charging interfaces on the right are connected to the charger, and the positive and negative output interfaces are connected to the motor-side inverter and other high-voltage electrical appliances.

[0045] When an electric vehicle is charging, the charger inputs current to the battery pack through the charging positive and negative interfaces. If the output positive and negative and heating positive and negative relays are closed at this time, the heating circuit and the main circuit are connected to the high-voltage circuit and a portion of the charging power is diverted. The amount of power depends on the usage of the electrical appliances connected to the circuit. Therefore, the actual usage of each electrical component on the vehicle will affect the vehicle's charging power, resulting in unstable power fluctuations that cannot meet normal charging requirements and affect battery life.

[0046] To address the aforementioned problems encountered during electric vehicle charging, it is necessary to calculate the real-time power demand during the charging process and determine whether normal charging can be completed. Therefore, this invention provides a charging control method for electric vehicles, combining... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: The vehicle control unit (VCU) collects and calculates the power requirements of various electrical components in the vehicle and the driver's charging requirements, and feeds them back to the battery management system (BMS).

[0048] Step 2: The temperature sensor feeds back the current battery temperature information to the Battery Management System (BMS);

[0049] Step 3: The Battery Management System (BMS) estimates the duration of thermal management, calculates the power demand during the charging process, and displays the charging completion status based on the received information.

[0050] Step 4: The Battery Management System (BMS) calculates and predicts the charging results, and feeds back the charging evaluation results to the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU).

[0051] Step 5: If the charging assessment result can meet the driver's needs while ensuring positive battery charge growth, then charging will proceed normally; if the charging assessment result shows that charging cannot proceed normally, the vehicle control unit (VCU) will issue a prompt to the driver and provide corresponding suggestions based on the actual situation to turn off some electrical components and prioritize battery charging.

[0052] In step 1, the power requirements of various electrical components in the vehicle, collected by the vehicle controller (VCU), are transmitted through each electrical component, including at least the following:

[0053] (1) The motor controller MCU sends the motor's required power, operating status, and duration of the status, where the operating status includes forward rotation and reverse rotation;

[0054] (2) The DC-DC controller sends the DC-DC power demand and duration, i.e. the possible duration from when the vehicle starts charging to when it goes low on voltage.

[0055] (3) The thermal management controller (TMS) sends the thermal management power requirement;

[0056] (4) Power requirements of electrical components used in electronic air conditioners.

[0057] In step 1, the driver's charging needs collected by the vehicle control unit (VCU) include at least the following:

[0058] (1) Charging stop time;

[0059] (2) Duration of electronic air conditioning components.

[0060] When charging begins, the driver inputs the current charging information on the human-machine interface, including at least the charging stop time, high voltage power-off time, low voltage power-off time (i.e., vehicle shutdown time), and whether the air conditioning is on during charging. If it is on, the air conditioning shutdown time must be entered. If no time is entered, the entire charging process will continue by default. The purpose of collecting the driver's charging needs is to feed them back to the battery management system (BMS) for calculating the power demand during the charging process.

[0061] In step 3, the battery management system (BMS) determines whether the thermal management device should be turned on and estimates the turn-on time based on the received battery temperature and the target battery temperature. At the same time, based on the received power demand, it calculates the current charging power required by the battery and then calculates and predicts the battery charge growth within the time set by the driver.

[0062] The temperature sensor monitors the battery temperature in real time and provides timely feedback to the battery management system (BMS). The purpose is to promptly detect whether the battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the BMS can control the activation of the thermal management devices.

[0063] In step 4, the battery management system (BMS) uses the ampere-hour integral method to calculate and predict the charge increase within the time set by the driver, completes the evaluation of the charging result, and feeds it back to the vehicle controller (VCU).

[0064] When the battery charge increases in the following manner, it may be due to the following scenario: the ambient temperature is low during charging, so the battery needs to be heated first, which reduces the battery charge. Once the required temperature is reached, the heating is turned off, and charging begins, increasing the battery charge.

[0065] At this point, the charging assessment results show that charging can proceed normally and can be completed within the set charging time. The Battery Management System (BMS) sends the charging current request to the DC charging pile or on-board AC charger based on the charging interaction, and the power battery begins charging.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] A charging control method for an electric vehicle, which uses the same steps as in Embodiment 1 and will not be described again here, differs in that:

[0068] In step 4, the battery management system (BMS) predicts that the battery charge growth is at a low rate of positive growth. At this time, the battery charging speed is relatively slow. It is necessary to calculate whether the battery can be fully charged before the charging stop time is set by the driver and the estimated heating duration. If it can be fully charged, the charging will proceed normally. If it cannot, the power that can be provided will be fed back to each electrical device and the driver will be informed of the situation. Suggestions will be given to shut down some electrical devices to prioritize battery charging.

[0069] If the driver accepts the suggestion and selectively turns off some electrical devices, the vehicle control unit (VCU) will feed back the final result to the battery management system (BMS). If charging can proceed normally, the VCU will send the charging current request to the DC charging pile or the on-board AC charger based on the charging interaction, and the power battery will begin charging.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] A charging control method for an electric vehicle, which uses the same steps as in Embodiment 1 and will not be described again here, differs in that:

[0072] If the predicted battery growth in step 4 is negative, and the battery is in a discharging state regardless of how it is charged, then the driver will be notified that charging is ineffective and the driver will need to inspect the vehicle.

[0073] As can be seen from Examples 1, 2, and 3, the electric vehicle charging system control method provided by this invention calculates the real-time power demand required during charging and the battery charge increase under these conditions based on the driver's charging demand information, the power demand information of each electrical component, and the battery temperature received by the Battery Management System (BMS), ultimately obtaining a charging evaluation result. When the result indicates normal charging is possible, charging proceeds normally; when the result indicates that charging cannot proceed normally, some electrical components are appropriately shut down according to recommendations to prioritize battery charging.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] A charging control method for an electric vehicle includes the following steps:

[0076] Step 1: The domain controller collects and calculates the power requirements of various electrical components in the vehicle and the driver's charging requirements;

[0077] Step 2: The temperature sensor feeds back the current battery temperature information to the domain controller;

[0078] Step 3: The domain controller estimates the duration of thermal management, calculates the power requirements of the charging process, and interacts with the charging completion status based on the received information.

[0079] Step 4: The domain controller calculates and predicts the charging result;

[0080] Step 5: If the charging assessment result can meet the driver's needs while ensuring positive battery charge growth, then charging will proceed normally; if the charging assessment result shows that charging cannot proceed normally, the domain controller will issue a prompt to the driver and provide corresponding suggestions based on the actual situation to turn off some electrical components and prioritize battery charging.

[0081] In this embodiment, a domain controller electronic and electrical architecture is adopted, which combines the functions of the battery management system (BMS), motor controller (MCU), and vehicle controller (VCU). The domain controller collects the power demand of each electrical appliance and calculates and predicts the charging result to determine whether normal charging can be carried out within the driver's needs.

[0082] If charging can be completed normally, charging will begin; if charging cannot be completed, feedback and suggestions will be provided to the driver based on the actual situation.

[0083] Example 5

[0084] A charging control method for an electric vehicle, the similarities to Embodiment 1 will not be described here, the differences being:

[0085] The power requirements of various electrical components in the vehicle are collected by the vehicle controller (VCU) by setting current sensors in each power branch to directly measure the current required by the electrical appliances during the charging process. The collected information is fed back to the battery management system (BMS) to calculate the increase in charge during charging and determine whether normal charging can be carried out.

[0086] Example 6

[0087] A charging system for an electric vehicle includes at least a temperature sensor, a data collection device, and a computing device.

[0088] The collection device is the vehicle control unit (VCU), and the computing device is the battery management system (BMS).

[0089] The temperature sensor monitors the battery temperature in real time and feeds the temperature information back to the battery management system (BMS).

[0090] The vehicle control unit (VCU) collects the power requirements of each electrical component during charging, as well as the driver's charging requirements, and feeds them back to the battery management system (BMS).

[0091] The battery management system (BMS) calculates and predicts charging evaluation results based on the collected power demand and temperature information, and feeds the results back to the vehicle control unit (VCU).

[0092] During charging, the charging system performs charging by executing the steps of the charging control method described in Examples 1-3 above.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charging control method for an electric vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The data collection device collects the power requirements of each electrical component and the charging requirements input by the driver through the human-machine interface, and feeds them back to the computing device. Step 2: The temperature sensor feeds back the current battery temperature information to the computing device; Step 3: The computing device estimates the duration of thermal management based on the received information, calculates the power requirements of the charging process, and the charging completion status during the charging interaction; Step 4: The computing device calculates and predicts the charging result, and feeds back the charging evaluation result to the collection device; Step 5: If the charging assessment results meet the driver's needs while ensuring positive battery charge growth, then proceed with normal charging. When the charging assessment results show that charging cannot be performed normally, the collection device will issue a prompt to the driver and provide corresponding suggestions based on the actual situation to turn off some electrical components and prioritize battery charging. The charging needs of the driver collected by the collection device in step 1 include at least the following: (1) Charging stop time; (2) Duration of use of electrical components in electronic air conditioners; In step 3, the computing device determines whether the thermal management device should be turned on and estimates the turn-on time based on the received battery temperature and the target temperature of the battery. At the same time, based on the received power demand, it determines the current charging power required by the battery and then calculates and predicts the battery charge growth within the time set by the driver. The power level information in the charging evaluation results of step 5 includes: (1) First negative growth followed by positive growth; (2) Low-rate positive growth; (3) Negative growth.

2. The charging control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the data collection device is the vehicle control unit (VCU), and the computing device is the battery management system (BMS).

3. The charging control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the data collection device is a domain controller, and the computing device is a domain controller.

4. The charging control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 1, the power requirements of each electrical component collected by the vehicle controller (VCU) are directly measured by setting current sensors in each power branch to determine the current required by the electrical components during the charging process.

5. The charging control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power requirements of various electrical components in the vehicle, collected by the vehicle control unit (VCU), are transmitted through each component, including at least: (1) The motor controller MCU sends the motor's required power, operating status, and duration of the status; (2) The DC-DC power demand and duration transmitted by the DC-DC controller; (3) Thermal management power demand sent by the thermal management controller (TMS); (4) Power requirements of electrical components used in electronic air conditioners.

6. The charging control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the charging evaluation result in step 5 shows that normal charging is possible, the computing device sends the demand for charging current to the DC charging pile or the on-board AC charger through the charging interaction, and the power battery begins to charge.

7. A charging system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that, It includes at least a temperature sensor, a collection device, and a computing device, said collection device and computing device being used to perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the temperature sensor monitors the real-time temperature of the battery.

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