A clamping, pushing, and rotating composite mechanism for nucleic acid reaction cassettes based on magnetic beads

Abstract

This invention relates to a clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism for a nucleic acid reaction box based on magnetic beads. It includes a frame, a door mechanism, a piston pushing-pull mechanism, a clamping mechanism, a channel valve rotating mechanism, and a magnetic motorized switch mechanism. The door mechanism has a base for placing the nucleic acid reaction box. The piston pushing-pull mechanism drives the nucleic acid reaction box to move up and down after it is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber. The clamping mechanism presses down on the nucleic acid reaction box after it is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber. The channel valve rotating mechanism drives the nucleic acid reaction box to rotate after it is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber. The magnetic motorized switch mechanism is used to attract the magnetic beads in the nucleic acid reaction box for the reaction. This invention integrates multiple functions into a single machine, using modular design to link multiple mechanisms, to quickly complete multiple processes of nucleic acid detection without requiring extensive manual operation, resulting in high efficiency and good safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomedical technology, specifically to a clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism based on a magnetic bead-based nucleic acid reaction cassette. Background Technology

[0002] Nucleic acid testing has important applications in disease diagnosis, epidemic prevention and control, and health monitoring. The movement of people and the spread of the virus make immediate response crucial.

[0003] The nucleic acid testing process involves multiple steps, including sample pretreatment, nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and amplification result detection. Traditional testing methods require professional personnel to use different tools in specialized laboratories for each step, which places high demands on operators and the operating environment, resulting in low efficiency. Traditional laboratory nucleic acid testing methods are unable to quickly provide accurate results for large numbers of samples. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism based on a magnetic bead-based nucleic acid reaction box, in order to solve the problems of existing laboratory nucleic acid detection methods being complex to operate, labor-intensive, and unable to quickly provide accurate results for large batches of samples.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism based on a magnetic bead-based nucleic acid reaction cassette, comprising:

[0007] A rack, within which a testing chamber is formed for horizontally pushing in a nucleic acid reaction cartridge;

[0008] The door mechanism is installed inside the detection chamber by a linear sliding method, and the door mechanism has a base for placing the nucleic acid reaction box;

[0009] A piston push-pull mechanism is mounted on the frame and connected to the nucleic acid reaction box after the nucleic acid reaction box is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber via a linear drive. The mechanism is used for pushing and pulling the nucleic acid reaction box up and down. The piston push-pull mechanism has a door unlocking component that is connected to the door mechanism after the nucleic acid reaction box is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber via a self-locking mechanism.

[0010] A clamping mechanism is installed inside the detection chamber and connected to the chamber door mechanism. The mechanism presses down on the nucleic acid reaction box after it is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber by a guide and pressure method.

[0011] A channel valve rotating mechanism is installed inside the detection chamber and is connected to the nucleic acid reaction box after the nucleic acid reaction box is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber by a rotational drive.

[0012] A magnetic motorized switch mechanism is installed on the side wall of the detection chamber and is used to attract magnetic beads in the nucleic acid reaction box by rotating a permanent magnet electrically.

[0013] Furthermore, the frame is a box structure, the detection chamber has an opening on the front wall of the frame, the door mechanism is located outside the opening, the clamping mechanism is fixed to the frame inside the detection chamber, and the door mechanism is connected to the clamping mechanism at the opening by a linear sliding method. The detection chamber has an opening on the bottom wall of the frame, the channel valve rotating mechanism is located below the clamping mechanism, and the channel valve rotating mechanism is installed on the clamping mechanism at the opening by a rotation drive.

[0014] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping base and a pressing assembly. The clamping base is fixed to the frame inside the detection chamber. A rotating channel is vertically formed in the middle of the clamping base for the channel valve rotating mechanism to be fitted and connected to the nucleic acid reaction box. A positioning switch is fixed to the outer rear edge of the rotating channel on the clamping base. The pressing assembly includes a pressing guide seat, a pressing rod, a pressing head, and a pressing spring. The pressing guide seat is fixed to the clamping base and has a vertical guide groove in the middle. The pressing rod is assembled in the guide groove. The pressing head is connected to the top of the pressing rod above the rotating channel. The pressing spring is disposed at the bottom end of the pressing rod in the guide groove. A set of the pressing assemblies is respectively arranged on both sides of the rotating channel.

[0015] Furthermore, the door mechanism includes a door, linear guides, and a spring plate. The door is located outside the opening of the frame and is adapted to the opening structure. A push-in hole is provided in the middle of the door, and a linear guide is provided on each side of the push-in hole. The linear guides are horizontally arranged along the frame from front to back, and the front end of each linear guide is fixed to the rear side of the door. Guide grooves for the linear guides to fit into are provided on both sides of the rotating channel on the pressing base, and guide sliders are slidably connected to the linear guides in the guide grooves. The spring plate is located opposite the push-in hole. The rear side of the compartment door, and the corner of the spring plate is connected to the rear side of the compartment door through a return spring, so that a pushing gap is formed between the spring plate and the compartment door. The base is located below the spring plate and includes two seats fixed to the rear side of the spring plate on two linear guide rails. A downward guide groove is provided on the outer side wall of the seat. The downward guide groove is inclined upward along the frame from front to back, and the rear end of the downward guide groove is open. A downward guide wheel is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the downward guide seat for sliding into the downward guide groove along the opening. The downward guide wheel is connected to the bottom end of the downward rod.

[0016] Furthermore, a door ejector is fixedly connected to the front end of the guide rail groove on the pressing base. The door ejector includes an ejector box, an ejector spring, and an ejector rod. The ejector box is fixedly connected to the pressing base. The ejector spring and the ejector rod are both disposed inside the ejector box. The front end of the ejector spring is connected to the rear end of the ejector rod. A front opening is provided on the front wall of the ejector box for the front end of the ejector rod to extend out.

[0017] Furthermore, the door unlocking assembly is located inside the detection chamber and includes two opposing unlocking rods. The unlocking rods are vertically positioned and driven by the piston push-pull mechanism. A door latch is fixedly connected to the bottom end of each unlocking rod. The door latch includes a latch box, a latch spring, and a latch stop. The latch box is fixed to the inner wall of the frame. The latch spring and latch stop are both located inside the latch box. A [feature / feature] is provided on the top wall of the latch box. A top opening is provided for the bottom end of the unlocking linkage to extend into, and the bottom end of the unlocking linkage is connected to the latching block. A bottom opening is provided on the bottom wall of the latching box for the latching block to extend downward. The latching spring is sleeved on the rod body of the unlocking linkage. A door hook is fixedly connected to both sides of the push hole on the rear side of the door. The door hook has a chamfered surface structure that pushes the latching block into the latching box as the door is pushed into the detection chamber.

[0018] Furthermore, the piston push-pull mechanism is disposed above the frame and includes a stepper motor, a lead screw, a lead screw nut, a piston push-pull rod, a lead screw nut seat, and a guide rod. The stepper motor is mounted above the frame. The lead screw is vertically arranged, with its top end connected to the output end of the stepper motor, and its bottom end rotatably connected to the top of the frame. The lead screw nut is threaded onto the lead screw. The lead screw nut seat is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut on one side of the lead screw. The piston push-pull rod and the guide rod are arranged parallel to each other on one side of the lead screw. The rod body is fixedly connected to the lead screw seat, and the bottom end of the piston push-pull rod passes through the frame and is placed inside the detection chamber. It is used to connect with the top of the nucleic acid reaction box after the nucleic acid reaction box is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber. The rod body of the guide rod is slidably connected to the lead screw seat through a linear bearing, and the guide rod is fixedly connected to the top of the frame. The top end of the unlocking link passes through the top end of the frame and is placed above the lead screw seat. The top end of the unlocking link has a hook-shaped structure that hooks onto the lead screw seat. A pressure sensor is installed above the piston push-pull rod.

[0019] Furthermore, the channel valve rotating mechanism includes a worm gear motor, a rotating shaft, a rotating head, a rotating head seat, and an upward guide wheel. The rotating head, rotating shaft, and worm gear motor are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The bottom end of the rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the worm gear motor. An elongated keyway is formed vertically on the shaft wall near the top. A sliding hole is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the rotating head for the top end of the rotating shaft to slide into from bottom to top. A fixed keyway with the same width as the elongated keyway is formed on the inner wall of the sliding hole corresponding to the position of the elongated keyway. A flat key is fitted into the elongated keyway and the fixed keyway. The rotating head seat has an annular structure that fits onto the rotating head. An upward guide wheel is connected to the outer wall of the rotating head on both sides. An upward guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the base for the upward guide wheel to slide into. The upward guide groove is inclined downward along the frame from front to back and the rear end of the upward guide groove is open. A slot is provided on the top surface of the rotating head for connecting with the bottom of the nucleic acid reaction box after the nucleic acid reaction box is pushed horizontally into the detection chamber. The rotating shaft is connected to the inner wall of the rotating channel through a bearing, and the bearing is located below the elongated keyway. An annular magnet is sleeved on the shaft of the rotating shaft below the bearing, and an angle sensing plate is provided below the annular magnet.

[0020] Furthermore, the magnetic motorized switch mechanism includes a geared motor, a magnetic base, a permanent magnet, a magnet mounting base, a magnet rotating head, an inductive switch, a driving gear, and a driven gear. The magnetic base is fixed to the inner wall of the frame within the detection chamber, and a mounting hole is formed horizontally in the middle of the magnetic base. The permanent magnet is fitted into the mounting hole of the magnetic base. The geared motor is mounted on the top of the magnetic base. The magnet mounting base is fixed to the outer wall of the magnetic base along the direction from inside the detection chamber to outside the detection chamber, and the magnet mounting base has a drive hole and... The drive hole has a notch at its top. The induction switch is fixed to the magnet mounting base at the notch of the drive hole. The driving gear is connected to the output end of the geared motor on the outside of the drive hole. The driven gear is located on the outside of the drive hole and is meshed with the driving gear. The magnet rotating head is rotatably connected to the drive hole through a bearing. The outer side of the magnet drive head is fixed to the driven gear by a screw. A rotating protrusion is formed on the inner side of the magnet drive head, and a rotating groove is formed on the outer side of the permanent magnet for the rotating protrusion to engage.

[0021] Furthermore, the diameter of the driving gear is smaller than the diameter of the driven gear.

[0022] The present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism provided by this invention is small in size and multifunctional. It makes full use of the door closing action and piston pushing and pulling action as the driving force, and realizes the linkage of other functions through the interlocking mechanism. It has high reliability and low cost.

[0024] 2. The clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism provided by this invention integrates multiple functions into a single machine, resulting in high efficiency and good safety.

[0025] 3. The clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism provided by this invention adopts a modular design, which makes installation and maintenance simple and convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the clamping-pull-rotation composite mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the door mechanism of the clamping push-pull rotation composite mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the door latch of the clamping push-pull rotation composite mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the piston push-pull mechanism of the clamping push-pull rotation composite mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the channel valve rotation mechanism of the clamping push-pull rotation composite mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic motorized switch mechanism of the clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The markings in the attached diagram are as follows:

[0035] 1. Frame; 2. Door Mechanism; 21. Door; 22. Linear Guide Rail; 23. Spring Plate; 231. Return Spring; 24. Downward Guide Groove; 25. Door Hook; 26. Upward Guide Groove; 3. Piston Push-Pull Mechanism; 31. Unlocking Link; 32. Door Buckle; 321. Buckle Box; 322. Buckle Spring; 323. Buckle Stop; 33. Stepper Motor; 34. Lead Screw; 35. Lead Screw Nut; 36. Piston Push-Pull Rod; 37. Lead Screw Nut Seat; 38. Guide Rod; 381. Linear Bearing; 39. Pressure Sensor; 4. Clamping Mechanism; 41. Clamping Base; 42. Position Switch; 43. 44. Downward pressure guide seat; 45. Downward pressure rod; 46. Downward pressure head; 47. Downward pressure spring; 48. Guide rail slider; 49. Downward pressure guide wheel; 50. Door top protrusion; 51. Channel valve rotation mechanism; 52. Worm gear motor; 53. Rotating shaft; 54. Rotating head; 55. Rotating head seat; 56. Lifting guide wheel; 57. Ring magnet; 68. Angle sensing plate; 69. Magnet motorized switch mechanism; 60. Gearbox; 61. Magnet base; 62. Permanent magnet; 63. Magnet mounting base; 64. Magnet rotating head; 65. Inductive switch; 66. Drive gear; 67. Driven gear; 68. Nucleic acid reaction box. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0037] Traditional laboratory nucleic acid testing methods are complex, labor-intensive, and difficult to provide accurate results for large batches of samples quickly. This invention provides a clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism based on a magnetic bead-based nucleic acid reaction box. Based on a frame structure, it includes a door mechanism, a piston pushing-pull mechanism, a clamping mechanism, a channel valve mechanism, and a magnetic motorized switch mechanism. Utilizing a modular design, multiple functions are integrated into a single machine, and the various mechanisms work together to rapidly complete multiple processes of nucleic acid testing without requiring extensive manual operation, resulting in high efficiency and safety.

[0038] The present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments.

[0039] Example

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism based on a magnetic bead-based nucleic acid reaction box, including a frame 1, a door mechanism 2, a piston pushing and pulling mechanism 3, a clamping mechanism 4, a channel valve rotating mechanism 5, and a magnet motorized switch mechanism 6. The magnetic bead-based nucleic acid reaction box is a conventional existing technology.

[0041] The frame 1 provides the foundation for overall installation, and a detection chamber for horizontally pushing in the nucleic acid reaction cartridge 7 is formed within the frame 1. The door mechanism 2 is installed within the detection chamber via a linear sliding mechanism and has a base for placing the nucleic acid reaction cartridge 7. A piston push-pull mechanism 3 is installed on the frame 1 and connects to the nucleic acid reaction cartridge 7 after it is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber via a linear drive. This mechanism is used for the vertical pushing and pulling of the nucleic acid reaction cartridge 7, and has a door unlocking component that connects to the door mechanism 2 via a self-locking mechanism after the nucleic acid reaction cartridge 7 is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber. A clamping mechanism 4 is installed within the detection chamber and connects to the door mechanism 2. It presses down on the nucleic acid reaction cartridge 7 after it is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber via a guide-pressing mechanism. A channel valve rotation mechanism 5 is installed within the detection chamber and connects to the nucleic acid reaction cartridge 7 after it is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber via a rotational drive. A magnetic motorized switch mechanism 6 is installed on the side wall of the detection chamber and uses an electrically driven permanent magnet to rotate, thereby attracting the magnetic beads of the nucleic acid reaction cartridge 7 for the reaction.

[0042] Specifically, the frame 1 has a box-like structure, and the testing chamber has an opening on the front wall of the frame 1. A door mechanism 2 is located outside the opening, and a clamping mechanism 4 is fixed to the frame 1 inside the testing chamber. The door mechanism 2 is connected to the clamping mechanism 4 at the opening via a linear sliding method. The testing chamber has an opening on the bottom wall of the frame 1, and a channel valve rotating mechanism 5 is located below the clamping mechanism 4. The channel valve rotating mechanism 5 is mounted on the clamping mechanism 4 at the opening via a rotational drive.

[0043] As mentioned above, combined Figure 2 As shown, the clamping mechanism 4 includes a clamping base 41 and a pressing assembly. The clamping base 41 is fixed to the frame 1 inside the detection chamber. A rotating channel is vertically formed in the middle of the clamping base 41 for the channel valve rotating mechanism 5 to be inserted and connected to the nucleic acid reaction box 7. A positioning switch 42 is fixed to the outer rear edge of the rotating channel on the clamping base 41. The pressing assembly includes a pressing guide seat 43, a pressing rod 44, a pressing head 45, and a pressing spring 46. The pressing guide seat 43 is fixed to the clamping base 41, and has a vertical guide groove in the middle. The pressing rod 44 is assembled in the guide groove, allowing it to slide up and down along the pressing guide seat 43. The pressing head 45 is connected to the top of the pressing rod 44 above the rotating channel, and the pressing spring 46 is disposed at the bottom end of the pressing rod 44 in the guide groove. A set of pressing assemblies is provided on each side of the rotating channel. With this structure, when the nucleic acid reaction box 7 is pushed into the detection chamber by the door mechanism 2, the downward displacement of the pressing rod 44 drives the pressing head 45 to press down and contact the top of the nucleic acid reaction box 7, thereby pressing and fixing the nucleic acid reaction box 7.

[0044] Combination Figure 3As shown, the door mechanism 2 includes a door 21, linear guide rails 22, and a spring plate 23. The door 21 is located on the outside of the compartment opening of the frame 1, and the door 21 is adapted to the compartment opening structure. A push hole is provided in the middle of the door 21, and a linear guide rail 22 is provided on both sides of the push hole. The linear guide rails 22 are horizontally arranged along the frame 1 from front to back, and the front end of the linear guide rail 22 is fixed to the rear side of the door. The pressing base 41 has guide rail grooves on both sides of the rotating channel for the linear guide rails 22 to be inserted, and a guide rail slider 47 is fixed in the guide rail groove and slidably connected to the linear guide rail 22. Through this structure, the door 21 is slidably connected to the pressing mechanism 4, thereby realizing the pushing and pushing of the door 21. The spring plate 23 is positioned opposite the push-in hole on the rear side of the compartment door 21, and the corner of the spring plate 23 is connected to the rear side of the compartment door 21 via a return spring 231, creating a push-in gap between the spring plate 23 and the compartment door 21. The base is located below the spring plate 23 and includes a seat fixed to the rear side of the spring plate 23 on two linear guide rails 22. A downward guide groove 24 is formed on the outer wall of the base, inclined upwards along the frame 1 from front to back, and open at its rear end. A downward guide wheel 48, a rolling bearing, is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the downward guide seat 43 for sliding into the downward guide groove 24 through the opening. The downward guide wheel 48 is connected to the bottom end of the downward rod 44. With this structure, when the door 21 is pushed in until the pressure guide wheel 48 contacts the pressure guide groove 24 on the base, the pressure guide groove 24 presses down on the pressure guide wheel 48, causing the pressure rod 44 to press down. After the pressure head 45 contacts the nucleic acid reaction box 7, the pressure rod 44 continues to press down. The pressure head 45 applies a certain force to press the nucleic acid reaction box 7 through the pressure spring 46, and resets the pressure rod 44 when the door 21 is withdrawn, facilitating material unloading. At the same time, the spring plate 23 allows the door 21 to continue to advance after the nucleic acid reaction box 7 is pushed in, while the spring plate 23, under the action of the reset spring 231, presses the nucleic acid reaction box 7 and keeps it stationary. In addition, by using the positioning switch 42, when the door 21 brings the nucleic acid reaction box 7 into position, the positioning switch 42 is exactly below the nucleic acid reaction box 7. The micro switch inside the positioning switch 42 is set to face upwards, and an external protective cover can be added. When the nucleic acid reaction box 7 is in position, it presses down the micro switch inside the positioning switch 42 to control the operation of other drive mechanisms.

[0045] Preferably, a door ejector head 49 is fixedly connected to the front end of the guide rail groove on the pressing base 41. The door ejector head 49 includes an ejector box, an ejector spring, and an ejector rod. The ejector box is fixedly connected to the pressing base 41. The ejector spring and the ejector rod are both disposed inside the ejector box, and the front end of the ejector spring is connected to the rear end of the ejector rod. A front opening is provided on the front wall of the ejector box for the front end of the ejector rod to extend out. With this structure, when the door mechanism 2 is unlocked, the door ejector head 49 is used to eject the door 21, so as to push the door 21 out.

[0046] The door unlocking assembly is located inside the detection chamber and includes two opposing unlocking rods 31. The unlocking rods 31 are vertically positioned and driven by the piston push-pull mechanism 3. A door latch 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the unlocking rods 31. The door latch 32 includes a latch box 321, a latch spring 322, and a latch stop 323 (see reference). Figure 4 The latch box 321 is fixed to the inner wall of the frame 1. The latch spring 322 and the latch stop 323 are both set inside the latch box 321. A top opening hole is provided on the top wall of the latch box 321 for the bottom end of the unlocking rod 31 to extend into, and the bottom end of the unlocking rod 31 is connected to the latch stop 323. A bottom opening hole is provided on the bottom wall of the latch box 321 for the latch stop 323 to extend downward. The latch spring 322 is sleeved on the rod body of the unlocking rod 31. On the rear side of the door 21, door hooks 25 are fixed to both sides of the push hole. The door hooks 25 have a chamfered surface structure that pushes the latch stop 323 into the latch box 321 as the door 21 is pushed into the detection chamber.

[0047] Furthermore, combined Figure 5As shown, the piston push-pull mechanism 3 is located above the frame 1 and includes a stepper motor 33, a lead screw 34, a lead screw nut 35, a piston push-pull rod 36, a lead screw nut seat 37, and a guide rod 38. The stepper motor 33 is mounted above the frame 1. The lead screw 34 is vertically positioned, with its top end connected to the output end of the stepper motor 33, and its bottom end rotatably connected to the top of the frame 1. The lead screw nut 35 is threaded onto the lead screw 34, and the lead screw nut seat 37 is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut 35 on one side of the lead screw 34. The piston push-pull rod 36 and the guide rod 38 are arranged parallel to each other on one side of the lead screw 34. The piston push-pull rod 36 is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut seat 37, and its bottom end passes through the frame 1 and is placed inside the detection chamber, for connection to the top of the nucleic acid reaction box 7 after it is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber. The guide rod 38 is slidably connected to the lead screw seat 37 via a linear bearing 381, and the guide rod 38 is fixed to the top of the frame 1. With this structure, using the piston push-pull mechanism 3 as the driving mechanism, the nucleic acid reaction box 7 can be pushed up and down after being pushed into the detection chamber. Additionally, the top end of the unlocking link 31 passes through the top of the frame 1 and is positioned above the lead screw seat 37, with the top end of the unlocking link 31 having a hook-like structure that hooks onto the lead screw seat 37.

[0048] With the above structure, the unlocking linkage 31 is used to link the piston push-pull mechanism 3 and the door mechanism 2. When the door 21 is pushed into the detection chamber, the door hook 25 on the door 21 reaches the position of the door latch 32. The inclined surface of the door hook 25 will push the latch block 323 to slide upward and compress. After the door 21 continues to be pushed into place, the latch block 323 extends under the action of the latch spring 322 and locks itself in the stop of the door hook 25. Only when the stepper motor 33 drives the lead screw nut 37 to rise to the top can the two unlocking linkages 31 be lifted, pulling the latch block 323 to slide upward and compress, thereby unlocking the door 21 so that the door 21 can be pushed out.

[0049] Preferably, a pressure sensor 39 is installed above the piston push-pull rod 36. With this structure, when the piston push-pull rod 36 is driven to rise, its top end contacts the pressure sensor 39, and the magnitude of the pushing and pulling force of the piston push-pull rod 36 can be fed back in real time through the pressure sensor 39.

[0050] Furthermore, combined Figure 6 and Figure 3As shown, the channel valve rotating mechanism 5 includes a worm gear motor 51, a rotating shaft 52, a rotating head 53, a rotating head seat 54, and an upward guide wheel 55. The rotating head 53, the rotating shaft 52, and the worm gear motor 51 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 52 is connected to the output end of the worm gear motor 51, and an elongated keyway is formed vertically on the shaft wall near the top of the rotating shaft 52. A sliding hole is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the rotating head 53 for the top of the rotating shaft 52 to slide into from bottom to top. A fixed keyway with the same width as the elongated keyway is formed on the inner wall of the sliding hole corresponding to the position of the elongated keyway. A flat key is fitted into the elongated keyway and the fixed keyway, so that the rotating head 53 can slide a short distance up and down along the rotating shaft 52, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 52 can synchronously drive the rotating head 53 to rotate. The rotating head base 54 is an annular structure fitted onto the rotating head 53. An upward guide wheel 55 is connected to the outer wall of the ring on both sides of the rotating head base 54. An upward guide groove 26 is provided on the inner wall of the base for the upward guide wheel 55 to slide into. The upward guide groove 26 is inclined downwards along the frame 1 from front to back, and its rear end is open. A slot is provided on the top surface of the rotating head 53 for connecting to the bottom of the nucleic acid reaction box 7 after it is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber. With this structure, when the chamber door 21 is pushed in until the upward guide wheel 55 contacts the upward guide groove 26 on the base, the upward guide groove 26 presses against the upward guide wheel 55, causing the rotating head 53 to rise. The rotating head 53 then contacts the nucleic acid reaction box 7 and engages with it. At this time, the channel valve rotating mechanism 5 can be used as the driving mechanism, and the worm gear motor 51 can drive the nucleic acid reaction box 7 to rotate. The rotating shaft 52 is connected to the inner wall of the rotating channel via a bearing, which is located below the elongated keyway. A ring magnet 56 is sleeved on the shaft of the rotating shaft 52 below the bearing, and an angle sensing plate 57 is located below the ring magnet 56. This structure, using the ring magnet 56 and the angle sensing plate 57, forms an angle sensor. The principle is that the angle sensing plate 57 can determine the absolute angular position of the rotating shaft 52 by sensing changes in the magnetic field of the ring magnet 56.

[0051] Furthermore, combined Figure 7As shown, the magnetic motorized switch mechanism 6 includes a geared motor 61, a magnetic base 62, a permanent magnet 63, a magnet mounting base 64, a magnet rotating head 65, an inductive switch 66, a driving gear 67, and a driven gear 68. The magnetic base 62 is fixed to the inner wall of the frame 1 within the detection chamber, and a mounting hole is formed in the middle of the magnetic base 62 in a horizontal direction. The permanent magnet 63 is fitted into the mounting hole of the magnetic base 62, and the geared motor 61 is mounted on the top of the magnetic base 62. The magnet mounting base 64 is fixed to the outer wall of the magnetic base 62 along the direction from inside to outside the detection chamber of the frame 1, and has a driving hole and a transmission hole. A notch is formed at the top of the driving hole, and the inductive switch 66 is fixed to the magnet mounting base 64 at the notch of the driving hole. The driving gear 67 is connected to the output end of the geared motor 61 on the outside of the driving hole, and the driven gear 68 is disposed on the outside of the transmission hole, and the driven gear 68 is meshed with the driving gear 67. The magnet rotating head 65 is rotatably connected to the transmission hole via a bearing. The outer surface of the magnet driving head 65 is fixed to the driven gear 68 by screws. A rotating protrusion is formed on the inner surface of the magnet driving head 65, and a rotating groove is formed on the outer surface of the permanent magnet 63 for engaging with the rotating protrusion. With this structure, the reduction motor 61 drives the driving gear 67 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven gear 68 to rotate, thereby driving the magnet rotating head 65 to rotate, and ultimately driving the permanent magnet 63 to rotate. When the permanent magnet 63 rotates relative to the magnet base 62, the magnetic fields cancel each other out or superimpose, achieving a magnetic field switch for the attraction reaction of the magnetic beads. The diameter of the driving gear 67 is smaller than the diameter of the driven gear 68.

[0052] Preferably, the different rotation angles of the permanent magnet 63 and the magnet base 62 result in different degrees of magnetic field superposition, thus generating magnetic fields of varying intensities. An inductive switch 66 is positioned above the drive gear 67, and a notch is provided on the drive gear 67, allowing the inductive switch 66 to sense the notch and thereby limit the rotation angle between the permanent magnet 63 and the magnet base 62.

[0053] The clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism of the present invention, based on the structure of the frame 1, is provided with a door mechanism 2, a piston pushing and pulling mechanism 3, a pressing mechanism 4, a channel valve mechanism 5, and a magnetic motorized switch mechanism 6. By utilizing a modular structural design, multiple functions are integrated into a single machine, and the above-mentioned multiple mechanisms are linked together to quickly complete multiple processes of nucleic acid testing, without the need for a large amount of manual operation, resulting in high efficiency and good safety.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clamping, pushing, and rotating composite mechanism for a nucleic acid reaction cassette based on magnetic beads, characterized in that, The clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism includes: A rack, within which a testing chamber is formed for horizontally pushing in a nucleic acid reaction cartridge; The door mechanism is installed inside the detection chamber by a linear sliding method, and the door mechanism has a base for placing the nucleic acid reaction box; A piston push-pull mechanism is mounted on the frame and connected to the nucleic acid reaction box after the nucleic acid reaction box is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber via a linear drive. The mechanism is used for pushing and pulling the nucleic acid reaction box up and down. The piston push-pull mechanism has a door unlocking component that is connected to the door mechanism after the nucleic acid reaction box is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber via a self-locking mechanism. A clamping mechanism is installed inside the detection chamber and connected to the chamber door mechanism. The mechanism presses down on the nucleic acid reaction box after it is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber by a guide and pressure method. A channel valve rotating mechanism is installed inside the detection chamber and is connected to the nucleic acid reaction box after the nucleic acid reaction box is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber by a rotational drive. A magnetic motorized switch mechanism is installed on the side wall of the detection chamber and is used to attract the magnetic beads of the nucleic acid reaction box by rotating a permanent magnet electrically. The frame is a box structure. The testing chamber has an opening on the front wall of the frame. The chamber door mechanism is located outside the opening. The clamping mechanism is fixed to the frame inside the testing chamber. The chamber door mechanism is connected to the clamping mechanism at the opening by a linear sliding method. The testing chamber has an opening on the bottom wall of the frame. The channel valve rotating mechanism is located below the clamping mechanism. The channel valve rotating mechanism is installed on the clamping mechanism at the opening by a rotation drive. The clamping mechanism includes a clamping base and a pressing assembly. The clamping base is fixed to the frame inside the detection chamber. A rotating channel is vertically formed in the middle of the clamping base for the channel valve rotating mechanism to be fitted and connected to the nucleic acid reaction box. A positioning switch is fixed to the outer rear edge of the rotating channel on the clamping base. The pressing assembly includes a pressing guide seat, a pressing rod, a pressing head, and a pressing spring. The pressing guide seat is fixed to the clamping base and has a vertical guide groove in the middle. The pressing rod is assembled in the guide groove. The pressing head is connected to the top of the pressing rod above the rotating channel. The pressing spring is disposed at the bottom end of the pressing rod in the guide groove. A set of the pressing assemblies is respectively arranged on both sides of the rotating channel. With this structure, when the nucleic acid reaction box is pushed into the testing chamber by the door mechanism, the downward displacement of the pressing rod drives the pressing head to press down and contact the top of the nucleic acid reaction box, thereby pressing and fixing the nucleic acid reaction box.

2. The clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism for a nucleic acid reaction cassette based on magnetic beads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compartment door mechanism includes a compartment door, linear guide rails, and a spring plate. The compartment door is located outside the compartment opening of the frame and is adapted to the compartment opening structure. A push hole is provided in the middle of the compartment door, and a linear guide rail is provided on both sides of the push hole. The linear guide rails are horizontally arranged along the frame from front to back, and the front end of the linear guide rail is fixed to the rear side of the compartment door. The pressing base has guide rail grooves on both sides of the rotating channel for the linear guide rails to fit into, and a guide rail slider is fixed and slidably connected to the linear guide rail in the guide rail groove. The spring plate is located opposite the push hole of the compartment door. The rear side of the spring plate is connected to the rear side of the compartment door via a return spring, forming a pushing gap between the spring plate and the compartment door. The base is located below the spring plate and includes two seats fixed to the rear side of the spring plate on two linear guide rails. A downward guide groove is provided on the outer wall of the seat. The downward guide groove is inclined upward along the frame from front to back, and the rear end of the downward guide groove is open. A downward guide wheel is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the downward guide seat for sliding into the downward guide groove along the opening. The downward guide wheel is connected to the bottom end of the downward rod.

3. The clamping, pushing, and rotating composite mechanism for a nucleic acid reaction cassette based on magnetic beads according to claim 2, characterized in that: A door ejector is fixedly connected to the front end of the guide rail groove on the pressing base. The door ejector includes an ejector box, an ejector spring, and an ejector rod. The ejector box is fixedly connected to the pressing base. The ejector spring and the ejector rod are both disposed inside the ejector box. The front end of the ejector spring is connected to the rear end of the ejector rod. A front opening is provided on the front wall of the ejector box for the front end of the ejector rod to extend out.

4. A clamping, pushing, and rotating composite mechanism for a nucleic acid reaction cassette based on magnetic beads, as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The door unlocking assembly is located inside the detection chamber and includes two opposing unlocking rods. The unlocking rods are vertically arranged and driven by the piston push-pull mechanism. A door latch is fixed to the bottom end of the unlocking rod. The door latch includes a latch box, a latch spring, and a latch stop. The latch box is fixed to the inner wall of the frame. The latch spring and the latch stop are both located inside the latch box. A top opening hole is provided on the top wall of the latch box for the bottom end of the unlocking rod to extend into, and the bottom end of the unlocking rod is connected to the latch stop. A bottom opening hole is provided on the bottom wall of the latch box for the latch stop to extend downward. The latch spring is sleeved on the rod body of the unlocking rod. Door hooks are fixed to both sides of the push hole on the rear side of the door. The door hooks have a chamfered surface structure that pushes the latch stop into the latch box as the door moves into the detection chamber.

5. The clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism for a nucleic acid reaction cassette based on magnetic beads according to claim 4, characterized in that: The piston push-pull mechanism is located above the frame and includes a stepper motor, a lead screw, a lead screw nut, a piston push-pull rod, a lead screw nut seat, and a guide rod. The stepper motor is mounted above the frame. The lead screw is vertically arranged, with its top end connected to the output end of the stepper motor, and its bottom end rotatably connected to the top of the frame. The lead screw nut is threaded onto the lead screw, and the lead screw nut seat is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut on one side of the lead screw. The piston push-pull rod and the guide rod are arranged parallel to each other on one side of the lead screw. The piston push-pull rod... The piston push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the lead screw seat, and its bottom end passes through the frame and is placed inside the detection chamber. It is used to connect with the top of the nucleic acid reaction box after the nucleic acid reaction box is horizontally pushed into the detection chamber. The rod body of the guide rod is slidably connected to the lead screw seat through a linear bearing, and the guide rod is fixedly connected to the top of the frame. The top end of the unlocking link passes through the top of the frame and is placed above the lead screw seat. The top end of the unlocking link has a hook-shaped structure that hooks onto the lead screw seat. A pressure sensor is installed above the piston push-pull rod.

6. The clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism for a nucleic acid reaction cassette based on magnetic beads according to claim 2, characterized in that: The channel valve rotating mechanism includes a worm gear motor, a rotating shaft, a rotating head, a rotating head seat, and an upward guide wheel. The rotating head, rotating shaft, and worm gear motor are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The bottom end of the rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the worm gear motor. An elongated keyway is vertically formed on the shaft wall near the top. A sliding hole is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the rotating head for the top end of the rotating shaft to slide into from bottom to top. A fixed keyway with the same width as the elongated keyway is formed on the inner wall of the sliding hole corresponding to the position of the elongated keyway. A flat key is fitted into the elongated keyway and the fixed keyway. The rotating head seat is an annular structure fitted onto the rotating head. An upward guide wheel is connected to the outer wall of the ring on both sides of the rotating head base. An upward guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the base for the upward guide wheel to slide into. The upward guide groove is inclined downward along the frame from front to back, and the rear end of the upward guide groove is open. A slot is provided on the top surface of the rotating head for connecting with the bottom of the nucleic acid reaction box after the nucleic acid reaction box is pushed horizontally into the detection chamber. The rotating shaft is connected to the inner wall of the rotating channel through a bearing, and the bearing is located below the elongated keyway. A ring magnet is sleeved on the shaft of the rotating shaft below the bearing, and an angle sensing plate is provided below the ring magnet.

7. The clamping, pushing, pulling, and rotating composite mechanism for a nucleic acid reaction cassette based on magnetic beads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic motorized switch mechanism includes a geared motor, a magnetic base, a permanent magnet, a magnet mounting base, a magnet rotating head, an inductive switch, a driving gear, and a driven gear. The magnetic base is fixed to the inner wall of the frame inside the detection chamber, and a mounting hole is formed horizontally in the middle of the magnetic base. The permanent magnet is fitted into the mounting hole of the magnetic base. The geared motor is mounted on the top of the magnetic base. The magnet mounting base is fixed to the outer wall of the magnetic base along the direction from inside the detection chamber to outside the detection chamber, and the magnet mounting base has a drive hole and a transmission hole. The top of the drive hole has a notch, and the sensing switch is fixed to the magnet mounting base at the notch of the drive hole. The driving gear is connected to the output end of the geared motor on the outside of the drive hole. The driven gear is located on the outside of the transmission hole and is meshed with the driving gear. The magnet rotating head is rotatably connected to the transmission hole through a bearing. The outer side of the magnet rotating head is fixed to the driven gear by a screw. A rotating protrusion is formed on the inner side of the magnet rotating head, and a rotating groove is formed on the outer side of the permanent magnet for the rotating protrusion to engage.

8. The clamping, pushing, and rotating composite mechanism for a nucleic acid reaction cassette based on magnetic beads according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the driving gear is smaller than the diameter of the driven gear.

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