A real-time calibration system and method for monitoring parameters of a monitoring while drilling system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of engineering geological surveys, and in particular to a system and method for real-time calibration of monitoring parameters of a drilling monitoring system. The system comprises a drilling monitoring system disposed on a drilling rig for obtaining drilling monitoring parameters, a calibration device connected to the drilling tool of the drilling rig for obtaining calibration parameters, and a data acquisition and processing device connected to the drilling monitoring system and the calibration device. The system can receive the drilling monitoring parameters and the calibration parameters collected by the calibration device in real time, automatically process the data according to the calibration method of the present invention, and directly calculate the correction coefficients of various monitoring parameters. Before drilling monitoring at the engineering survey site, the present invention performs real-time calibration and correction of the accuracy of the drilling parameters obtained by the drilling monitoring system, thereby improving the reliability of the drilling monitoring data and accurately inverting the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock and soil using the drilling monitoring parameters. This meets the requirements of intelligent drilling technology and improves exploration efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of engineering geological survey, and in particular to a real-time calibration system and method for monitoring parameters of a while-drilling monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of artificial intelligence technology, exploration is gradually moving towards intelligence, refinement and digitization. The drilling monitoring system is a commonly used monitoring equipment in the field of intelligent exploration. The drilling monitoring systems that have been put into use generally use theoretical formulas to indirectly calculate the drilling parameters such as the actual output of the drilling rig, such as the drilling pressure and torque. During the calculation process, the mechanical transmission efficiency of the drilling rig's rotary system is determined based on experience. Before the equipment is used, only the sensors and other components used are professionally tested. There is no device or calibration method for calibrating the drilling parameters indirectly calculated by the drilling monitoring system.

[0003] Patent CN1218114C discloses a drilling process monitoring system, including instruments and methods for independent, automatic, continuous and real-time measurement and recording of the drilling process of a percussive rotary drill. Patent CN101476462B discloses a measurement-while-drilling system for engineering geological drilling, in which torque, oil pressure, speed and displacement measuring devices are installed on the drilling rig to digitally record the mechanical information during the drilling process, thereby achieving digitization, wireless control and wireless communication. However, the above-mentioned monitoring-while-drilling system generally monitors the drilling process parameters by recommending the modification of the drilling rig, installing axial force, pressure, torque sensors and other equipment components on the drive shaft, hydraulic oil pipe and chuck of the drilling rig, and does not calibrate the parameters while drilling.

[0004] Due to the complexity of engineering survey environments, drilling rigs are frequently moved and operate in the open air for long periods, resulting in severe wear and tear on equipment components. This makes it difficult to empirically determine their true mechanical transmission efficiency. Furthermore, the operating status of sensors can generally only be rigorously calibrated using specialized equipment at specific production sites, making it difficult to test them in the field, far from urban areas. All of these factors severely impact the accuracy of while-drilling (MWD) monitoring parameters. Therefore, a real-time calibration system and method for MWD monitoring parameters is urgently needed to address these issues and improve the reliability of MWD data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, on the one hand, the present invention provides a real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a drilling monitoring system, including a drilling monitoring system arranged on a drilling rig for obtaining monitoring parameters, a calibration device connected to the drilling tool of the drilling rig for obtaining calibration parameters, and a data acquisition and processing device connected to the drilling monitoring system and the calibration device.

[0006] Furthermore, the calibration device includes a fixed bracket, a first movable support and a second movable support arranged on the fixed bracket and capable of linearly moving in a vertical direction, a second torque sensor arranged on the first movable support, a pressure sensor arranged at the bottom of the fixed bracket, and a flange bearing arranged on the second movable support. The upper end of the second torque sensor is connected to the drilling tool of the drilling rig, and the lower end is arranged above the flange bearing. The flange bearing is located above the pressure sensor, and the second torque sensor and the pressure sensor are connected to the data acquisition and processing device.

[0007] Furthermore, the drilling monitoring system includes a feed pressure sensor, a return oil pressure sensor, a first torque sensor, a vertical axis inductance switch and a transmission shaft inductance switch respectively connected to the data acquisition and processing device, the feed pressure sensor and the return oil pressure sensor are arranged on the feed cylinder of the drilling rig, the first torque sensor is arranged on the gearbox drive shaft of the drilling rig, the vertical axis inductance switch is arranged on the chuck of the drilling rig, and the transmission shaft inductance switch is arranged on the gearbox of the drilling rig.

[0008] Furthermore, the calibration device also includes a first linkage disc, the upper end and the lower end of which are respectively connected to the drilling tool of the drilling rig and the second torque sensor.

[0009] Furthermore, the calibration device also includes a second linkage disc, which is arranged on the inner ring of the flange bearing, and the second linkage disc is connected to the bottom of the second torque sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, a slide rail for the first movable support and the second movable support to move is provided in the fixed bracket.

[0011] Furthermore, the monitoring while drilling system further includes a first magnet provided on the vertical shaft of the drilling rig and acting on the vertical shaft inductive switch, and a second magnet provided on the transmission shaft of the drilling rig and acting on the transmission shaft inductive switch.

[0012] Furthermore, the calibration device also includes a leveling screw and a spirit level, and the leveling screw and the spirit level are arranged on the fixing bracket.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for real-time calibration of monitoring parameters of a monitoring while drilling system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Processing the drilling monitoring parameters acquired by the drilling monitoring system to obtain monitoring parameters;

[0015] Step 2: obtaining calibration parameters measured by a calibration device;

[0016] Step three, respectively establish the functional relationship between the correction coefficient of each monitoring parameter and the feed pressure, return oil pressure, and vertical shaft speed, obtain the correction coefficient of each monitoring parameter, and calculate the correction value of each monitoring parameter.

[0017] Furthermore, the monitoring parameters include monitoring drilling weight, vertical shaft monitoring speed and monitoring torque, and the calibration parameters include calibrating drilling weight, vertical shaft calibration speed and calibrating torque.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The system and method for real-time calibration of monitoring parameters of a MWD system provided by the present invention calibrates and corrects the accuracy of MWD parameters acquired by the MWD system in real time before MWD monitoring at an engineering survey site, thereby improving the reliability of MWD data. The calibrated and corrected MWD parameters are then used to accurately invert geotechnical physical and mechanical parameters, meeting the requirements of intelligent drilling technology and improving exploration efficiency.

[0021] 2. The system and method for real-time calibration of monitoring parameters of a drilling monitoring system provided by the present invention feature easy installation and removal of the calibration device, reliable calibration results, and are suitable for construction environments where drilling rigs are frequently moved and work in complex environments. The system can accurately obtain drilling parameters output by the drilling rig and drilling tools.

[0022] 3. The present invention provides a system and method for real-time calibration of monitoring parameters of a downhole monitoring system. The downhole monitoring parameters calibrated and corrected by the calibration method of the present invention have high accuracy, which improves the reliability of downhole monitoring in field exploration applications and is conducive to in-depth research on downhole monitoring parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a monitoring while drilling system according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a calibration device in the real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a monitoring while drilling system according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A top view of a calibration device in the real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a monitoring while drilling system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is the BP network model structure in the real-time calibration method for monitoring parameters of the while drilling monitoring system of the present invention.

[0027] 11-feed pressure sensor; 12-return oil pressure sensor; 13-first torque sensor; 14-vertical shaft inductance switch; 15-transmission shaft inductance switch; 16-first magnet; 17-second magnet;

[0028] 2-calibration device; 21-fixed bracket; 22-first movable support; 23-second movable support; 24-second torque sensor; 25-pressure sensor; 26-flange bearing; 27-first linkage disc; 28-second linkage disc; 29-slide rail; 210-leveling screw; 211-level gauge;

[0029] 3-Data acquisition, processing and display instrument;

[0030] 4-drilling rig; 41-drilling tool; 42-diesel engine; 43-mud pump; 44-feed cylinder; 45-gearbox; 46-drive shaft; 47-chuck; 48-vertical shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the sizes and relative sizes of certain parts may be exaggerated for clarity.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", and "back" and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0034] In addition, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description.

[0035] As the instruction manual Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a drilling monitoring system, comprising a drilling monitoring system for obtaining drilling monitoring parameters arranged on a drilling rig 4, a calibration device 2 for obtaining calibration parameters connected to a drilling tool 41 of the drilling rig 4, and a data acquisition and processing device connected to the drilling monitoring system and the calibration device 2. The data acquisition and processing device comprises a data acquisition and processing display 3 and a data acquisition and processing module, which can receive the drilling monitoring parameters and the calibration parameters collected by the calibration device in real time, and automatically process the data according to the calibration method of the present invention to directly calculate and obtain various monitoring parameters. The drilling rig 4 includes a diesel engine 42, a mud pump 43, a feed cylinder 44, a gearbox 45, a drive shaft 46, and a chuck 47. The drive shaft 46 is connected to the gearbox 45. The chuck 47 is provided with a vertical shaft 48 and a hydraulic transmission mechanism. The lower end of the vertical shaft 48 is provided with a drilling tool 41. The while-drilling monitoring system is provided on the drilling rig 4 for obtaining while-drilling monitoring parameters. The calibration device 2 is installed on the drilling tool 41 for obtaining the calibration parameter value actually output by the drilling tool 41. The calibration system and method of the present invention can perform parameter calibration on drilling rigs of different models and structures, including but not limited to the drilling rig used in this embodiment.

[0036] Optimized implementation mode, the drilling monitoring system includes a feed pressure sensor 11, a return oil pressure sensor 12, a first torque sensor 13, a vertical axis inductance switch 14 and a transmission shaft inductance switch 15 respectively connected to the data acquisition and processing device. Specifically, the feed pressure sensor 11 and the return oil pressure sensor 12 are arranged on the feed oil cylinder 44 of the drilling rig 4, and are respectively installed at the upper cavity and lower cavity positions of the feed oil cylinder 44, and can respectively measure the oil pipe pressures P1 and P2 passing through the upper cavity and the lower cavity; the first torque sensor 13 is arranged on the gearbox transmission shaft 46 of the drilling rig 4, and is used to measure the output torque T1 of the gearbox 45; the vertical axis inductance switch 14 is arranged on the chuck 47 of the drilling rig 4, and can be connected to the data acquisition and processing device. The drill rig is connected to the chuck 47 by bolts or bonded to the chuck 47. A first magnet 16 is provided on the vertical shaft 48 of the drill rig to interact with the vertical shaft inductance switch 14. The first magnet 16 is a strong magnet and is attached to the vertical shaft 48. The number of pulses N generated when the vertical shaft 48 rotates is measured by the principle of electromagnetic induction. The transmission shaft inductance switch 15 is provided on the gearbox 45 of the drill rig. A second magnet 17 is provided on the transmission shaft 46 of the drill rig to interact with the transmission shaft inductance switch 15. The second magnet is a strong magnet and is attached to the transmission shaft. The number of pulsations N1 generated when the transmission shaft rotates is measured by the principle of electromagnetic induction. The data acquisition and processing device can process various detection parameters of the while drilling monitoring system to obtain while drilling monitoring parameters.

[0037] Optimize the implementation method, as shown in the attached instructions Figure 2As shown, the calibration device 2 includes a fixed bracket 21, a first movable support 22 and a second movable support 23 arranged on the fixed bracket 21 and capable of linear movement in a vertical direction, a second torque sensor 24 arranged on the first movable support 22, a pressure sensor 25 arranged at the bottom of the fixed bracket 21, and a flange bearing 26 arranged on the second movable support 23. The first movable support 22 and the second movable support 23 are respectively movably connected to the fixed bracket 21 and can only move up and down along the fixed bracket 21 and will not rotate in the horizontal direction, which is convenient for measuring the torque of the drilling tool. The first movable support 22 and the second movable support 23 are both prefabricated steel components. The upper end of the second torque sensor 24 is connected to the drilling tool 41 of the drilling rig, and the lower end is arranged above the flange bearing 26. The flange bearing 26 is located above the pressure sensor 25. The second torque sensor 24 and the pressure sensor 25 are connected to the data acquisition and processing device through a signal transmission line.

[0038] Specifically, the calibration device also includes a first linkage disc 27 and a second linkage disc 28. The first linkage disc 27 and the second linkage disc 28 are prefabricated steel components. The upper end and the lower end of the first linkage disc 27 are respectively connected to the drilling tool 41 of the drilling rig and the second torque sensor 24. The second linkage disc 28 is arranged on the inner ring of the flange bearing 26. The second linkage disc 28 is connected to the bottom of the second torque sensor 24. The outer ring of the flange bearing 26 is fixed to the second movable support 23. The inner ring and the outer ring of the flange bearing 26 can rotate relative to each other. The first linkage disc 27, the second torque sensor 24, the second linkage disc 28, the flange bearing 26 and the pressure sensor 25 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the fixed bracket 21, and the drilling tool 41 outputs The force acts on the second torque sensor 24 and the pressure sensor 25 in sequence. The second torque sensor 24 is arranged on the first movable support 22 and can move in the vertical direction. The flange bearing 26 is arranged on the second movable support 23 and can move in the vertical direction. A vertical slide rail 29 is provided on the fixed bracket 21. The first movable support 22 and the second movable support 23 are installed on the slide rail 29 and can move linearly in the vertical direction along the slide rail 29. When the drilling rig 4 is working, the drill tool 41 will rotate and move downward. In the process of the drill tool 41 driving the second torque sensor 24 to rotate, the inner ring of the flange bearing 26 rotates relative to the outer ring, which does not affect the pressure of the drilling tool 4 tested by the pressure sensor 25. The measured torque, speed, pressure and other parameters can be displayed and recorded in real time on the data acquisition and processing display 3.

[0039] Specifically, the second torque sensor 24 includes a fixed flange, a rotating shaft and a sensor. The fixed flange is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft and the fixed flange can rotate relative to each other. The second torque sensor 24 is installed on the first movable support 22 through the fixed flange. The upper end of the first linkage disc 27 is provided with a thread matching the drill tool 41, and the lower end is connected to the rotating shaft of the second torque sensor 24. After the first linkage disc 27 is connected to the drill tool 41, it can be further fixed by bolts to avoid loosening during use. The first movable support 22 can ensure that when the second torque sensor 24 is subjected to the rotational load of the drill tool 41, only the rotating shaft rotates, and it can move freely downward to realize pressure transmission. The second movable support 23 can ensure that the outer ring of the flange bearing 26 does not rotate, and at the same time moves freely downward to realize pressure transmission, thereby obtaining parameters such as torque, speed and pressure actually output by the drill tool.

[0040] Optimize the implementation method, as shown in the attached instructions Figure 3 As shown, before using the present invention to perform MWD parameter calibration, the vertical shaft 48 of the drilling rig 4 should be maintained vertically and the calibration device 2 should be level. The calibration device also includes a leveling screw 210 and a level gauge 211, which are mounted on the fixed bracket 21. The leveling screw 210 of the calibration device 2 is adjusted so that the bubbles on the level gauges 211 in both directions are centered, thereby ensuring that the calibration device 2 is level and preventing errors in the calibration device 2 from affecting the test data. The drilling rig 4 is started and hydraulically fed rotary drilling is employed. The rotary load of the drill tool 41 is directly transmitted to the second torque sensor 24 via the first linkage disk 27. The second linkage disk 28 and flange bearing 26 enable the rotational shaft of the second torque sensor 24 to rotate freely, while the pressure is transmitted to the pressure sensor 25 via the second movable support 23, which can freely move up and down. The vertical shaft calibration speed n'0, calibration torque T'0, and pressure value F1' directly measured by the two sensors are recorded in real time on the data acquisition, processing, and display device 3.

[0041] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method for real-time calibration of monitoring parameters of a monitoring system while drilling. According to different drilling conditions, within a certain period of time, the calibration parameters directly measured by the calibration device 2 are used to correct the monitoring parameters indirectly calculated by the monitoring system while drilling. The method includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Processing the drilling monitoring parameters acquired by the drilling monitoring system to obtain monitoring parameters;

[0043] Step 2: obtaining calibration parameters measured by a calibration device;

[0044] Step three, respectively establish the functional relationship between the correction coefficient of each monitoring parameter and the feed pressure, return oil pressure, and vertical shaft speed, obtain the correction coefficient of each monitoring parameter, and calculate the correction value of each monitoring parameter.

[0045] The calibration method data processing process is as follows:

[0046] (1) Data processing of monitoring while drilling:

[0047] ①Monitoring drilling pressure F0, unit N:

[0048] Drilling tool weight G0:

[0049] G0=G 岩芯管 +G1+G2+...+G n Formula (1)

[0050] Where: G 岩芯管 - Core tube weight, obtained directly by weighing, in N;

[0051] G1…G n - Weight of the first drill rod...weight of the nth drill rod can be directly obtained by weighing. During the calibration process, n≥0. If there is no drill rod, then n=0, unit N;

[0052] The drilling pressure F0 is indirectly obtained using the drilling monitoring system, which refers to the drilling pressure output by the drill bit to the bottom formation of the hole.

[0053] F0=G0+P1×S1-P2×S2 Formula (2)

[0054] Where, G0 is the weight of the drilling tool, calculated using formula (1), in N;

[0055] P1 - pressure in the upper chamber of the feed cylinder, directly measured by the feed pressure sensor 11, unit: Pa;

[0056] S1 - the area of ​​the upper cavity of the feed cylinder, a fixed value related to the cylinder structure, which can be obtained by checking the equipment manual, unit: m 2 ;

[0057] P2 - the pressure in the lower chamber of the oil cylinder, directly measured by the oil return pressure sensor 12, unit: Pa;

[0058] S2 - the area of ​​the lower cavity of the feed cylinder, a fixed value related to the cylinder structure, which can be obtained by checking the equipment manual, unit: m 2 ;

[0059] ② Vertical axis monitoring speed n0 and drilling rig drive shaft monitoring speed n a Calculation, unit r / min:

[0060]

[0061] Where: N is the number of pulses of the vertical shaft electromagnetic switch 14, 1 pulse corresponds to 1 rotation of the vertical shaft;

[0062] t0—vertical axis rotation time, unit min;

[0063]

[0064] Where: N1 is the number of pulses of the transmission shaft electromagnetic switch 15, 1 pulse corresponds to 1 rotation of the transmission shaft;

[0065] t1—transmission shaft rotation time, unit min;

[0066] During the monitoring while drilling process, the vertical shaft and the drilling rig drive shaft run at the same time, and generally t1 = t0.

[0067] ③ Calculation of monitoring torque T0, unit: N·m:

[0068]

[0069] Where: η—transmission efficiency of the drilling rig rotary system, which is taken according to experience and is not greater than 1;

[0070] n0—vertical shaft speed, calculated by formula (3);

[0071] n a —Drilling rig drive shaft speed, calculated using formula (4);

[0072] T1—output torque of the gearbox, directly measured by the first torque sensor 13.

[0073] (2) Calibration device data processing:

[0074] ①Calculation of calibration drilling pressure F′0, unit N:

[0075] Calibrated drilling pressure is the drilling pressure directly obtained using a calibration device, and refers to the actual output drilling pressure of the drilling tool.

[0076] F′0=F1′-G′1-G′2-G3′-G′4-G5′-G′6-G′7 Formula (6)

[0077] In the formula: G'1 is the weight of the first linkage disc 27; G'2 is the weight of the first movable support 22; G'3 is the weight of the second movable support 23; G'4 is the weight of the second torque sensor 24; G'5 is the weight of the flange bearing 26; G'6 is the weight of the second linkage disc 28; G'7 is the weight of all bolts used to fix the device; the weights of all the above components can be measured directly by weighing.

[0078] ② The vertical shaft calibration speed n'0 and calibration torque T'0 can be directly measured by the second torque sensor 24, the calibration speed n'0, the unit is r / min; the calibration torque T0', the unit is N·m.

[0079] (3) Calibration of monitoring parameters while drilling:

[0080] When using the present invention to perform monitoring while drilling parameter calibration, it is necessary to operate the drilling rig stably at different gears within a certain period of time according to different drilling conditions, obtain multiple monitoring parameter values ​​and calibration parameter values ​​collected during the time period, and then perform calibration correction. The detailed steps are as follows:

[0081] First, the acquisition frequencies of the sensors of the drilling monitoring system and the calibration device 2 should be set to be consistent. Then, within the time period t, the drilling rig is made to operate continuously and stably under different feed pressures P1, return oil pressures P2, and vertical shaft speeds n0 to simulate the drilling rig construction conditions when drilling downward. n monitoring parameters and n calibration parameters distributed according to the time series characteristics can be obtained. The monitoring drilling pressures are F1, F2...F n , the vertical axis monitoring speeds are n1, n2...n n , the monitoring torques are T1, T2...T n The corresponding calibration device 2 synchronously obtains the calibration drilling pressure, respectively F1 ', F2 '... F n ', vertical spindle calibration drilling speed n1', n'2...n' n , the calibration torques are T1', T2'...T n ';

[0082] Secondly, the correction coefficient β is defined as the ratio of the calibration parameter to the monitoring parameter, so the bit weight correction coefficient β Fi =F i ' / F i , vertical shaft speed correction coefficient β ni =n i ' / n i , torque correction coefficient β Ti =T i ' / T i , where i = 1, 2,…n.

[0083] Since the correction coefficients of various monitoring parameters are constantly changing with the construction parameters of the drilling rig such as "feed pressure P1, return oil pressure P2, vertical shaft speed n0" under different working conditions, it can be understood that the correction coefficient value β of each monitoring parameter is correlated with the three variables "feed pressure P1, return oil pressure P2, vertical shaft speed n0" during the drilling construction process. Therefore, after using the large amount of data obtained by the present invention, a multivariate functional relationship between the correction coefficient β of each monitoring parameter and the drilling rig feed pressure P1, return oil pressure P2, and vertical shaft speed n0 can be established respectively. The functional relationship may be linear or nonlinear. The establishment of the multivariate functional relationship can adopt appropriate data processing methods, such as artificial neural networks, etc. The functional relationship can be simplified to express as: bit pressure correction coefficient β F =F1(P1,P2,n0), drilling speed correction factor β n =F2(P1, P2, n0), torque correction coefficient β T =F3(P1,P2,n0), the bit pressure correction coefficient β F , drilling speed correction factor β n , torque correction coefficient β T Establish a multivariate function relationship with the three variables "feed pressure P1, return oil pressure P2, vertical spindle speed n0" and calculate the drilling pressure correction coefficient β F , drilling speed correction factor β n , torque correction coefficient β T .

[0084] Finally, according to the established multivariate function relationship, the monitoring parameter values ​​actually output by the drilling rig during the actual drilling construction can be obtained: vertical shaft speed correction value n = n0 × β n , WOB correction value F=F0×β F , torque correction value T=T0×β T .

[0085] Example 1

[0086] This embodiment provides a specific method for calibrating drilling parameters. In order to accurately obtain the monitoring parameters (bit pressure, torque and drilling speed) actually output by the drilling rig during the drilling monitoring process, the device of the present invention should be used to calibrate the drilling parameters before drilling construction to obtain the correction coefficients of various monitoring parameters. The relationship between the three monitoring parameters of bit pressure, torque and drilling speed and the correction coefficient β is nonlinear. The data processing method is BP neural network, which is a feedforward multi-layer neural network model with error back propagation. The model consists of an input layer, an output layer and a hidden layer. Each node layer includes a certain number of neuron nodes. The nodes in the same node layer are not connected to each other. The model structure is shown in the attached manual. Figure 4 shown.

[0087] According to the monitoring of Cretaceous mud sandstone while drilling, through repeated tests, the number of hidden nodes in the neural network was determined to be 8. The tangent sigmoid function was selected as the excitation function, and the adaptive learning rate momentum gradient descent back propagation algorithm was used to improve the training efficiency of the network.

[0088] According to the network's learning rules, it must first be provided with a certain amount of measured or experimental data as samples. Through training on this data, the network establishes mapping relationships between these influencing factors, thus acquiring predictive capabilities. For example, solving the WOB correction coefficient for Cretaceous argillaceous sandstone, 30 sets of data obtained through while-drilling monitoring served as training samples, as shown in Table 1.

[0089] Table 1. WOB training samples for Cretaceous muddy sandstone

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] Through deep learning, a BP neural network prediction model for the WOB correction coefficient of Cretaceous argillaceous sandstone was established. This model was imported into the data acquisition, processing and display instrument 3 and applied to the actual drilling monitoring process. The WOB correction coefficients of the five groups of monitoring parameters were obtained as shown in Table 2:

[0093] Table 2 Predicted values ​​of WOB correction coefficient for Cretaceous muddy sandstone

[0094]

[0095] Furthermore, according to F = F0 × β F , the various calibrated bit pressures actually output by the drilling rig during the monitoring while drilling process can be obtained as shown in Table 3:

[0096] Table 3 Calibrated WOB of Cretaceous argillaceous sandstone

[0097] Serial number <![CDATA[Monitoring the weight on bit F0 (kN)]]> Weight on bit correction value F(kN) 1 0.40 0.38 2 0.45 0.44 3 0.62 0.62 4 0.58 0.58 5 0.51 0.48

[0098] The correction and calibration of the rotation speed and torque of the drilling monitoring of Cretaceous mud sandstone can refer to the calibration process of the bit weight.

[0099] The correction coefficients and correction values ​​of various monitoring parameters obtained according to the calibration method of the present invention can be automatically recorded and displayed in the data acquisition, processing and display instrument 3, which is convenient for on-site implementation and application.

[0100] The working principle of the system and method is as follows: first, the drill tool is connected to the calibration device, and the correction coefficient is obtained using the calibration device and the calibration method;

[0101] Then, continue to monitor using the drilling monitoring system. At this time, the drill tool directly drills the formation. At this time, the data processing device has a correction coefficient, which can directly obtain the calibrated bit pressure and directly correct the vertical shaft speed n = n0 × β n , WOB correction value F=F0×β F , torque correction value T=T0×β T Just do the calculations, and the calibrated vertical spindle speed, drilling pressure, and torque will be more accurate than the uncalibrated values.

[0102] When using the monitoring parameters of the MWD system to invert geotechnical physical and mechanical parameters, more accurate monitoring parameter calibration values ​​should be used to increase the rationality of the inversion process.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention can be implemented in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Although embodiments of the present invention have been described, it should be understood that the present invention should not be limited to these embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a drilling monitoring system, characterized in that: It includes a downhole monitoring system arranged on a drilling rig for obtaining monitoring parameters, a calibration device connected to the drilling tool of the drilling rig for obtaining calibration parameters, and a data acquisition and processing device connected to the downhole monitoring system and the calibration device, wherein the monitoring parameters obtained by the downhole monitoring system are calibrated using the calibration parameters obtained by the calibration device; the calibration device includes a fixed bracket, a first movable support and a second movable support arranged on the fixed bracket and capable of linearly moving in a vertical direction, a second torque sensor arranged on the first movable support, a pressure sensor arranged at the bottom of the fixed bracket, and a flange bearing arranged on the second movable support, the upper end of the second torque sensor being connected to the drilling tool of the drilling rig, and the lower end being arranged above the flange bearing, the flange bearing being located above the pressure sensor, and the second torque sensor and the pressure sensor being connected to the data acquisition and processing device.

2. The real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a drilling monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling monitoring system includes a feed pressure sensor, a return oil pressure sensor, a first torque sensor, a vertical axis inductance switch and a transmission shaft inductance switch, which are respectively connected to the data acquisition and processing device. The feed pressure sensor and the return oil pressure sensor are arranged on the feed cylinder of the drilling rig, the first torque sensor is arranged on the transmission shaft of the gearbox of the drilling rig, the vertical axis inductance switch is arranged on the chuck of the drilling rig, and the transmission shaft inductance switch is arranged on the gearbox of the drilling rig.

3. The real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a monitoring while drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calibration device further includes a first linkage disc, the upper end and the lower end of which are respectively connected to the drilling tool of the drilling rig and the second torque sensor.

4. The real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a monitoring while drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calibration device further includes a second linkage disk, which is arranged on the inner ring of the flange bearing and is connected to the bottom of the second torque sensor.

5. The real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a while drilling monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed bracket is provided with a slide rail for the first movable support and the second movable support to move.

6. The real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a while drilling monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring while drilling system further includes a first magnet provided on the vertical shaft of the drilling rig and acting on the vertical shaft inductive switch, and a second magnet provided on the transmission shaft of the drilling rig and acting on the transmission shaft inductive switch.

7. The real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a while drilling monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calibration device further comprises a leveling screw and a level, and the leveling screw and the level are arranged on the fixing bracket.

8. A calibration method for a real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a while drilling monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Processing the drilling monitoring parameters acquired by the drilling monitoring system to obtain monitoring parameters; Step 2: obtaining calibration parameters measured by a calibration device; Step three, respectively establish the functional relationship between the correction coefficient of each monitoring parameter and the feed pressure, return oil pressure, and vertical shaft speed, obtain the correction coefficient of each monitoring parameter, and calculate the correction value of each monitoring parameter.

9. The calibration method of the real-time calibration system for monitoring parameters of a while drilling monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The monitoring parameters include monitoring drilling weight, vertical shaft monitoring speed and monitoring torque, and the calibration parameters include calibrating drilling weight, vertical shaft calibration speed and calibration torque.

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