Telescopic system and method of operation thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a telescopic system and a working method thereof, which comprises a main light path unit and an auxiliary light path unit; the main light path unit comprises an objective lens and an ocular lens arranged along a propagation direction of the main light path; the auxiliary light path unit comprises a graticule, an auxiliary imaging unit and a beam splitter arranged along a propagation direction of the auxiliary light path; the beam splitter is located on the main light path and the auxiliary light path at the same time and is used for coupling a virtual graticule to a target image on the main light path; the telescopic system introduces the virtual graticule in the main light path through the auxiliary light path; the telescopic system realizes accurate aiming and auxiliary measurement; and the adverse influence of the defects of the graticule itself and principle factors on the observation effect in the traditional telescopic system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of visual observation optical technology, specifically relating to a telescope system and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] A telescope is an optical instrument used to observe distant targets. It utilizes a suitable combination of objective and eyepiece lenses, allowing the human eye to observe the target from the system's exit position, producing a magnified image of the distant target. Some telescopes also incorporate aiming lines or graduated reticles on the real image plane of the system's optical path to facilitate aiming or auxiliary measurement.

[0003] Currently, commonly used telescope systems include Keplerian telescopes and Galilean telescope systems.

[0004] A Keplerian telescope is a commonly used telescope system with a reticle, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this telescope system consists of two parts: an objective lens unit and an eyepiece unit. The objective lens unit 1 projects an inverted real image of the distant target onto the front focal plane, i.e., the first focal plane 2, of the eyepiece unit 3. From the exit position 4, an inverted and magnified image of the target can be observed through the eyepiece unit 3. To obtain an upright image that is easy to observe visually, this type of telescope typically requires the addition of an image-rotating optical unit 5 (which can also be composed of multiple prisms) to achieve an upright image, such as... Figure 2 As shown in the diagram, the target image is imaged onto the second focal plane 2' via the image-rotating unit 5. At this point, the human eye 4 can observe a magnified, upright target image through the eyepiece 3. In practical use, to facilitate aiming and auxiliary measurement, a transparent reticle is usually placed on the first focal plane 2 or the second focal plane 2' to facilitate aiming and observation of the target and to achieve auxiliary measurement functions. The use of a reticle in this type of telescope system has the following limitations: First, at low magnification, the line width will obscure small distant targets, while at high magnification, the defects of the reticle itself will be magnified synchronously, affecting the observation effect; second, the aiming adjustment mechanism is complex to calibrate and affects the real-time aiming effect; alternatively, a transparent electronic display screen can be placed directly, and a computer-controlled electronic reticle can be generated. This electronic method is beneficial for calibration and adjustment, but similarly, the defects of the reticle itself affect the observation effect, and the transmittance of the light path will be greatly reduced, affecting observation under low-light conditions.

[0005] Galilean telescope systems are also commonly used telescopes, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the telescope system consists of a positive optical power objective lens unit 1 and a negative optical power eyepiece unit 6. The positive optical power objective lens unit 1 images the target on the back focal plane of the negative optical power eyepiece unit 6. At the exit pupil position 4 of the system, an upright and magnified virtual image can be directly observed through the negative optical power eyepiece unit 6. Figure 2The structure shown does not require additional image-transfer units, making the system compact. However, its drawback is that there is no real image in the optical path of this telescope system, making it unable to project an image. Figure 1 Such systems, which directly place reticles on the real image plane for aiming and measurement, are only suitable for low-requirement auxiliary observation and cannot be directly applied to situations requiring aiming or auxiliary measurement, such as scopes.

[0006] It can be seen that, as Figure 1 and 2 The Keplerian telescope shown has the structural advantage of allowing the reticle to be placed directly on the plane of the target image. However, it requires high-quality reticle itself, and its own defects will be magnified at both low and high magnification, affecting the observation effect. When a digital electronic reticle is placed directly, the transmittance of the display itself limits the observation brightness in low light. Under high magnification eyepiece conditions, the defects of the reticle and display will also be magnified, similarly affecting the observer's comfort.

[0007] Figure 3 The Galilean telescope system shown cannot be equipped with a reticle because there is no real image plane in the optical path, which cannot meet the needs of aiming and measurement. It is usually only used in entertainment venues such as theaters and ball games. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The primary objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art and provide a telescope system that achieves precise aiming and assisted measurement by setting up an auxiliary optical path and introducing a virtual reticle in the main optical path. This reduces the adverse effects on the observation effect caused by the defects of the reticle itself and the principle factors in traditional telescope systems.

[0009] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for operating a telescope system.

[0010] The first objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a telescope system, comprising a main optical path unit for telescopic observation and an auxiliary optical path unit for forming a virtual reticle;

[0011] The main optical path unit includes an objective lens and an eyepiece arranged along the main optical path propagation direction;

[0012] The auxiliary optical path unit includes a reticle, an auxiliary imaging unit, and a beam splitter arranged along the propagation direction of the auxiliary optical path.

[0013] The beam splitter is located on both the main optical path and the auxiliary optical path, and is used to couple the virtual reticle onto the target image on the main optical path.

[0014] Preferably, the auxiliary observation light path unit further comprises a second mirror arranged in the auxiliary observation light path, the second mirror being located between the beam splitter and the first image sensor.

[0015] Further, the image sensor is connected to a control terminal to which a reticle arranged in the auxiliary light path unit is connected, and the reticle is an electronic display reticle.

[0016] Further, the auxiliary observation light path unit further comprises a second mirror arranged in the auxiliary observation light path, the second mirror being located between the beam splitter and the first image sensor.

[0017] Preferably, the auxiliary light path unit further comprises a first mirror arranged in the auxiliary light path, the first mirror being arranged between the reticle and the auxiliary imaging unit.

[0018] Preferably, the main light path unit further comprises a first focal plane, a relay unit and a second focal plane, the first focal plane, the relay unit and the second focal plane being arranged in sequence along the main light path propagation direction between the objective and the eyepiece, and the objective and the eyepiece being a positive focal power objective and a negative focal power eyepiece, respectively.

[0019] The beam splitter is arranged on the main light path between the objective of the main light path unit and the first focal plane or between the relay unit and the second focal plane.

[0020] Preferably, the objective of the main light path unit is a positive focal power objective, and the eyepiece of the main light path unit is a negative focal power eyepiece, and the beam splitter is arranged on the main light path between the positive focal power objective and the negative focal power eyepiece.

[0021] The second object of the present application is achieved by the following technical solution: a working method of the telescopic system of the first object of the present application, comprising:

[0022] The observation target is imaged on the main light path after passing through the objective and the beam splitter on the main light path, so that the target image is observed through the eyepiece on the main light path;

[0023] The reticle is imaged on the main light path after passing through the auxiliary imaging unit on the auxiliary light path and entering the main light path through coaxial coupling of the beam splitter, so that a virtual reticle is obtained.

[0024] The virtual reticle on the main light path is conjugated with the target image and is coupled to the target image.

[0025] Preferably, when the telescopic system

[0026] When the auxiliary observation light path is included and the image sensor is arranged in the auxiliary observation light path, the working method further comprises:

[0027] The observation target is input into the image sensor after passing through the objective lens and the beam splitter on the main light path, and directly or through the second mirror on the auxiliary observation light path, and is imaged in the image sensor to obtain an observation target image.

[0028] The reticle is input into the auxiliary imaging unit on the auxiliary light path directly or through the first mirror, and is imaged in the image sensor on the auxiliary observation light path through the beam splitter to obtain a reticle image.

[0029] Further, when the image sensor is connected to the camera unit, the camera unit captures the observation target and the virtual reticle image obtained by the image sensor.

[0030] Alternatively, the image sensor is connected to the control terminal of the electronic display reticle, and the working method further comprises:

[0031] The observation target is imaged on the image sensor by the objective lens and the beam splitter on the main light path under the irradiation of the infrared light source, and an infrared image of the observation target is generated by the image sensor.

[0032] The image sensor transmits the infrared image of the observation target to the control terminal, and the control terminal controls the electronic display reticle to display the image of the observation target and the reticle line structure.

[0033] The observation target image and the reticle line structure displayed on the electronic display reticle are input into the auxiliary imaging unit on the auxiliary light path directly or through the first mirror, and are coupled into the main light path by the beam splitter to be imaged in the main light path, so that the corresponding target image and the virtual reticle are observed through the eyepiece on the main light path.

[0034] The present application has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:

[0035] (1) The present application is a telescopic system, which comprises a main light path unit for telescopic observation and an auxiliary light path unit for forming a virtual reticle; the main light path unit comprises an objective lens and an eyepiece arranged along the propagation direction of the main light path; the auxiliary light path unit comprises a reticle, an auxiliary imaging unit and a beam splitter arranged along the propagation direction of the auxiliary light path; and the beam splitter is located on both the main light path and the auxiliary light path. In the present application, the telescopic system comprises the main light path unit and the auxiliary light path unit, and the image of the reticle in the auxiliary light path unit is introduced into the light path of the main light path unit by imaging method, which can avoid the drawbacks that the reticle set in the main light path requires high performance and its defects are easily magnified, and can compensate for the technical problems that the virtual image telescopic system cannot set a reticle and cannot realize the functions of aiming and auxiliary measurement. Moreover, the telescopic system of the present application can obtain clearer reticle lines (such as using more precise reflective display devices-DMD) and higher transmittance of the main light path than directly inserting a physical reticle (including a transparent electronic reticle) in the main light path.

[0036] (2) The telescopic system further comprises an auxiliary observation light path unit, the auxiliary observation light path unit comprises an image sensor arranged in the auxiliary observation light path, and the beamsplitter is also arranged in the main light path, light from the objective lens is emitted through the beamsplitter, passes through the auxiliary observation light path and enters the image sensor to form an image. Based on this, the observation target is input into the image sensor after passing through the objective lens and the beamsplitter in the main light path, or after passing through the second reflector in the auxiliary observation light path, and an image of the observation target is formed in the image sensor; at the same time, the reticle directly or after passing through the first reflector, enters the auxiliary objective lens in the auxiliary light path, passes through the beamsplitter and enters the auxiliary observation light path, and an image of the reticle is formed in the image sensor in the auxiliary observation light path. Therefore, the telescopic system can not only realize target image observation, aiming and measurement through the ocular lens in the main light path, but also realize target image observation, aiming and measurement based on the image sensor in the auxiliary observation light path, forming a new electronic-optical hybrid type aiming and observation telescopic system.

[0037] (3) In the telescopic system, a reflector can be arranged between the reticle and the auxiliary objective lens in the auxiliary light path unit, and between the beamsplitter and the image sensor in the auxiliary observation light path unit, so that the ocular lens of the main light path unit, the target image observed by the image sensor of the auxiliary observation light path unit and the virtual reticle image are all non-mirror images, that is, the mirror image relationship of the target image and the virtual reticle image is removed, so that the observation effect of the telescopic system is better.

[0038] (4) In the telescopic system, the image sensor in the auxiliary observation light path unit can be connected to a camera unit or a control terminal of an electronic display reticle in the auxiliary light path unit, and the electronic display reticle can display content controlled by the connected control terminal such as a computer. When the telescopic system works in the daytime, sufficient light can be directly observed through the ocular lens in the main light path unit. This traditional telescopic system has the advantages of intuitive reality over electronic telescopes, and reduces the limitations caused by the use of power supply. In addition, the image sensor connected to the camera unit can assist in taking pictures or videos during the day. When the telescopic system observes at night, an infrared light source is used to irradiate the observed target, so that the image sensor can obtain an infrared image based on the objective lens, the reflector and the beamsplitter. The infrared image is transmitted to the control terminal, and the electronic display reticle can display the reticle line structure and the image of the observed target. Based on this, the reticle line and the image of the observed target output by the auxiliary light path unit can be coupled into the main light path through the beamsplitter. Therefore, the telescopic system can also realize observation, aiming and measurement of the observed target at night.

[0039] (5) In the telescopic system, the main light path unit can include, sequentially arranged along the main light path, a positive focal length objective lens, a first focal plane, an image inverting unit, a second focal plane, and a positive focal length eyepiece. The present application can set the beam splitter in the auxiliary light path unit on the main light path between the objective lens and the first focal plane, or on the main light path between the image inverting unit and the second focal plane. Based on this, the target image can be observed through the eyepiece, which is enlarged and erect. The graticule is arranged in the auxiliary light path, and the positive virtual image of the graticule can be introduced into the light path of the main light path unit through the imaging method. Since the graticule is not directly arranged on the main light path, such as the first focal plane or the second focal plane of the main light path, the defect of the graticule can be avoided, and the problem that the defect of the graticule is amplified synchronously when the graticule is directly arranged on the main light path in the prior art can be overcome. In addition, in the telescopic system described above, when the image inverting unit is designed to be zoomable, different magnifications can be achieved, and the image of the graticule can be amplified or reduced synchronously with the magnification of the main light path, which is convenient for aiming observation and auxiliary measurement.

[0040] (6) In the telescopic system, the objective lens and the eyepiece in the main light path unit can be a positive focal length objective lens and a negative focal length eyepiece, respectively. The beam splitter is located on the main light path and arranged between the positive focal length objective lens and the negative focal length eyepiece. The telescopic system of the present application can overcome the problem that the virtual image telescopic system cannot assist in aiming and measurement due to the inability to arrange the graticule. Compared with the prior art telescopic system which needs to arrange the graticule on the first focal plane or the second focal plane of the main light path and needs to arrange the image inverting unit, the structure of the telescopic system of the present application can be more compact and convenient to adjust. In addition, when the eyepiece is designed to be zoomable, different magnifications can be achieved, and the image of the graticule (virtual graticule) can be amplified or reduced synchronously, which is convenient for aiming observation and auxiliary measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figures 1 to 3 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a prior art telescopic system.

[0042] Figure 4 、 5 FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a telescopic system of an embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0043] Figure 7 and 8 FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a telescopic system of an embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0044] Figure 9 、 10 FIG. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a telescopic system of an embodiment 3 of the present application.

[0045] Figure 12 and 13 This is a schematic diagram of the telescope system in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0047] Current telescopes, such as Galilean telescopes, cannot directly incorporate reticles for aiming and measurement in the main optical path because they lack a real image. In contrast, Kepler telescopes have a flaw in their reticle placement within the optical path, which is easily magnified and affects the observation results.

[0048] Based on the problems existing in corresponding telescope systems, this invention discloses a telescope system comprising a main optical path unit for telescopic observation and an auxiliary optical path unit for forming a virtual reticle. For example... Figures 4 to 13 As shown, where:

[0049] The main optical path unit includes an objective lens and an eyepiece arranged along the propagation direction of the main optical path; the auxiliary optical path unit includes a reticle, an auxiliary objective lens, and a beam splitter arranged along the propagation direction of the auxiliary optical path; the beam splitter is located on both the main optical path and the auxiliary optical path and is used to couple the virtual reticle to the target image of the main optical path.

[0050] The telescope system of this invention introduces a virtual reticle into the main optical path through the reticle of the auxiliary optical path. This allows the telescope system to accurately aim and measure while not requiring high quality from the reticle. Minor defects will not be magnified and affect the observation effect. When a reflective display device is used to generate an electronic reticle, finer reticle lines can be obtained.

[0051] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the structure and operation method of the telescope system of the present invention are further described in detail through the following embodiments.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] This embodiment discloses a telescope system, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the main optical path of the telescope system includes an objective lens and an eyepiece arranged sequentially along the propagation direction of the main optical path, wherein the objective lens is a positive power objective lens 1 and the eyepiece is a negative power eyepiece 6. The auxiliary optical path unit includes a reticle 7, a first reflecting mirror 8, an auxiliary imaging unit, and a beam splitter 10 arranged along the propagation direction of the auxiliary optical path; the auxiliary imaging unit may use an auxiliary objective lens.

[0054] In the embodiment, the beam splitter is located on the main light path and arranged between the positive focal length objective and the negative focal length eyepiece. In the embodiment, the angle of the beam splitter 10 relative to the optical axis of the main light path is 45 degrees, and the angle can also be other angles, for example, 30 degrees. The selected angle meets the reflection law. In the view angle shown in FIG. 8, the upper surface of the beam splitter 10 faces the objective 1, and the lower surface of the beam splitter 10 faces the auxiliary objective 9. Figure 4

[0055] In the main light path unit of the telescope system in the embodiment, the positive focal length objective 1 images the target to be observed on the back focal plane (nearby) of the negative focal length eyepiece 6, and the positive virtual image of the target is observed at the system exit pupil position 4 through the negative focal length eyepiece 6. In the auxiliary light path of the telescope system in the embodiment, the graticule 7 is imaged on the back focal plane (nearby) of the negative focal length eyepiece 6 through the first mirror 8, the auxiliary objective 9, and the beam splitter 10. At this time, the positive virtual image of the graticule 7 (that is, a virtual graticule) is observed through the negative focal length eyepiece 6, and the virtual graticule and the target to be observed are conjugated.

[0056] In the embodiment, the auxiliary light path unit can include the first mirror 8. The first mirror 8 can remove the mirror image, so that the observation effect is better. The angle of the first mirror 8 relative to the auxiliary light path optical axis emitted by the graticule can be set to 45 degrees, and the angle can also be other angles. The selected angle meets the reflection law. After the graticule 7 passes through the first mirror 8 and the auxiliary objective 9, the light emitted by the auxiliary objective is incident from the lower surface of the beam splitter. In addition, in the case of allowing the use of the mirror image, the first mirror 8 can be omitted in the telescope system in the embodiment, so that the structure of the telescope system is simplified, as shown in FIG. 9. Figure 5 In the embodiment, when the first mirror 8 exists, the number of the first mirror 8 can also be one or more. Each first mirror 8 is arranged in the auxiliary light path, and can be arranged adjacently or at intervals. In actual use, the corresponding number can be selected according to the direction of the graticule image and the folding requirement of the light path.

[0057] In the embodiment, the graticule is a transparent scale graticule or a reflective scale graticule. The graticule can also be a transparent or reflective electronic display graticule. When the graticule is an electronic display graticule, the graticule is connected to a control terminal such as a computer, and the scale structure of the graticule is controlled by the control terminal. After the graticule 7 passes through the first mirror 8, the auxiliary objective 9, and the beam splitter 10, the graticule is imaged on the same image plane as the target image. The telescope system allows the use of a reflective electronic display graticule (DMD) with finer lines and higher clarity. Therefore, the graticule image is flexible during aiming and auxiliary measurement, and the image quality is also clearer. In addition, the graticule can be illuminated by natural light, self-luminous light, or auxiliary light source.

[0058] ​In the embodiment, the reflection projection ratio of the beam splitter 10 can be selected as 95:5, which has little effect on the light transmission efficiency of the main light path. According to the prior art, a transparent electronic display device is directly placed in the light path to form an electronic display reticle, and the main light path transmission rate is greatly reduced, and the inherent defects of the electronic display device directly affect the observation effect. In the embodiment, compared with the mode of directly placing the transparent display device in the main light path, the electronic display reticle (electronic display device) is arranged in the auxiliary light path, which avoids the problem of observation quality decline caused by the defects of the electronic display device itself, and effectively improves the light transmission utilization rate.

[0059] In the embodiment, since the negative power eyepiece 6 is shared by the virtual reticle and the observation target image, when the negative power eyepiece 6 is designed to have adjustable focal length, the observation zooming can be conveniently realized, and the synchronous magnification and reduction of the virtual reticle and the observation target image will not affect the observation effect and the accuracy of auxiliary measurement.

[0060] In the embodiment, the main light path of the telescope system is based on the positive power objective lens unit and the negative power eyepiece unit group, and a positive virtual image is directly observed, the complex image conversion unit is removed, the barrel length can be effectively shortened, and the structure is more compact. Since the target image of the observation target is superimposed between the reticle image, the scale line is relatively transparent, the scale line greatly reduces the shielding effect on the small target in the distance, and the use of the electronic display reticle is simple and convenient. Meanwhile, the telescope system uses the beam splitter to set the virtual reticle, and the influence of the physical defects of the reticle on the main light path can be avoided.

[0061] The embodiment also discloses a working method of the telescope system.

[0062] (1) The observation target is imaged on the main light path after passing through the objective lens and the beam splitter in the main light path, so that the target image is observed through the eyepiece in the main light path; specifically, in the main light path of the telescope system, the positive power objective lens unit 1 images the observation target on the back focal plane (nearby) of the negative power eyepiece 6, and the virtual image of the target is observed through the negative power eyepiece 6 at the system exit pupil position 4.

[0063] (2) The reticle is coupled into the main light path through the beam splitter after passing through the auxiliary objective lens in the auxiliary light path and is imaged on the main light path to obtain the virtual reticle; the virtual reticle in the main light path is conjugated with the target image and is coupled to the target image. Specifically, in the auxiliary light path of the telescope system, the reticle 7 is imaged on the back focal plane (nearby) of the negative power eyepiece 6 through the first reflector 8, the auxiliary objective lens 9 and the beam splitter 10, and the positive virtual image of the reticle 7 is observed through the eyepiece 6 (that is, the virtual reticle is obtained). In the main light path, the virtual reticle is conjugated with the target image and is coupled to the target image. Figure 6In the main optical path shown, the target is imaged on the K plane by the objective lens 1. The reticle 7 enters the main optical path through the first reflecting mirror 8, the auxiliary objective lens 9, and the beam splitter 10, and is also imaged on the K plane, conjugate with the target. The exit pupil position 4 of the system sees the magnified positive virtual image on the K plane through the negative power eyepiece 6. Thus, a virtual reticle with aiming and auxiliary measurement functions can be realized in the system.

[0064] In addition, it should be noted that the above steps (1) and (2) are not in any particular order and are generally performed simultaneously.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] This embodiment discloses a telescope system, such as Figure 7 and 8 As shown, the main optical path unit of the telescope system includes a positive optical power objective lens 1, a first focal plane 2, an image-rotating unit 5, a second focal plane 2', and a positive optical power eyepiece 3 arranged sequentially along the main optical path. The auxiliary optical path unit includes a reticle 7, a first reflecting mirror 8, an auxiliary imaging unit (e.g., an auxiliary objective lens 9), and a beam splitter 10 arranged along the propagation direction of the auxiliary optical path. The beam splitter 10 is disposed on the main optical path between the objective lens 1 and the first focal plane 2, or between the image-rotating unit 5 and the second focal plane 2'. The first focal plane 2 is the rear focal plane of the positive optical power objective lens 1, and the second focal plane 2' is the rear focal plane of the image-rotating unit 5. In this embodiment of the telescope system, a magnified and upright target image can be observed through the eyepiece 3. By setting the reticle 7 in the auxiliary optical path, the positive virtual image of the reticle 7 can be introduced into the optical path of the main optical path unit through an imaging method, and conjugate with the target image.

[0067] In this telescope system, consistent with Embodiment 1, the tilt angles of the first reflecting mirror 8 and the beam splitter 10 can be as shown in Embodiment 1. Furthermore, if a mirror image is permissible, the first reflecting mirror 8 may not be necessary. Figure 8 As shown in the example; or as shown in Example 1, multiple reticles can be selected and used according to the image orientation requirements of the reticle and the optical path folding requirements. The type of reticle 7 used in this example can also refer to that shown in Example 1.

[0068] In this telescope system, the image-rotating unit can be a unit composed of multiple prisms. By adding the image-rotating unit, the telescope system can obtain an upright image instead of an inverted image. In addition, when the image-rotating unit 5 adopts a zoom design, different magnifications can be achieved. The image of the reticle will also be magnified and reduced synchronously with the magnification of the main optical path, which is convenient for alignment, observation and auxiliary measurement.

[0069] Compared with the prior art that directly sets the scale plate on the front focal plane or the rear focal plane of the main light path, the telescopic system can avoid the defects that the scale plate set in the main light path has high requirements on the scale plate and the defects of the scale plate are easily amplified, and overcomes the problem that the defects of the scale plate are amplified simultaneously when the scale plate is directly set on the main light path in the prior art. In addition, since the target image of the observation target is superimposed between the scale plate image, the scale line is relatively transparent, and the shielding effect of the scale line on the small target far away is greatly reduced, and the use of the electronic display scale plate is simple and convenient to adjust.

[0070] The embodiment also discloses a working method of the telescopic system.

[0071] (1) The observation target is imaged on the main light path after passing through the objective lens and the beam splitter, so that the target image is observed through the eyepiece on the main light path; specifically, in the main light path of the telescopic system, the positive focal length objective lens 1 forms an inverted real image of the observation target on the first focal plane 2 (nearby), and then the image is formed on the second focal plane 2' through the image conversion unit 5, and a magnified positive target image can be observed through the positive focal length eyepiece 3 at the system exit pupil position 4.

[0072] (2) The scale plate is coupled into the main light path through the auxiliary light path after passing through the auxiliary objective lens, and the virtual scale plate is obtained by imaging on the main light path; the virtual scale plate on the main light path is conjugated to the target image and is coupled to the target image. Specifically, in the auxiliary light path of the telescopic system, the scale plate 7 is imaged on the rear focal plane of the positive focal length objective lens 1, that is, the first focal plane 2 (nearby), through the first reflector 8, the auxiliary objective lens 9 and the beam splitter 10, to obtain the image 7', and then the image 7' is imaged on the second focal plane 2' through the image conversion unit 5, so that a magnified positive image 7'' of the scale plate 7 can be observed through the positive focal length eyepiece unit 3 at the system exit pupil position 4 (the inverted image system can also be composed of multiple prisms to obtain a positive image), and the auxiliary light path is coaxial with the main light path through the beam splitter 10.

[0073] Based on the above, the positive target image and the virtual scale plate can be observed simultaneously through the positive focal length eyepiece unit 3 at the system exit pupil position 4.

[0074] Embodiment 3

[0075] The embodiment discloses a telescopic system, as shown in the figure. Figures 9 to 11 The difference between the telescopic system of the embodiment and the telescopic system in embodiment 1 is that the telescopic system of the embodiment further comprises an auxiliary observation light path unit.

[0076] In this embodiment, the auxiliary observation optical path unit includes a second reflecting mirror 11 and an image sensor 12 disposed in the auxiliary observation optical path. The second reflecting mirror 11 is disposed between the beam splitter 10 and the image sensor 12. Light from the main optical path objective lens is emitted through the beam splitter and enters the image sensor through the auxiliary observation optical path for imaging. In this embodiment, the image sensor can be a CMOS sensor or a CCD sensor.

[0077] In this embodiment, as Figures 9 to 11 From the perspective of [the image source], the incident surface of the second reflecting mirror 11 faces the upper surface of the beam splitter 10, allowing the light emitted from the beam splitter 10 to enter the second reflecting mirror 11. The angle of inclination of the second reflecting mirror 11 relative to the optical axis of the auxiliary observation optical path emitted from the beam splitter 10 can be set to 45 degrees, or other angles. The light emitted from the beam splitter 10 is transmitted to the image sensor after passing through the second reflecting mirror 11, where it forms an image. The light emitted from the beam splitter 10 includes light received from the objective lens and reflected outwards, as well as light emitted from the auxiliary objective lens 11 in the auxiliary optical path and transmitted through the beam splitter. In this embodiment, where mirrored images are permissible, the second reflecting mirror 10 can be omitted, further simplifying the structure of the telescope system. Figure 10 As shown in the figure. In this embodiment, when there is a second reflector 11, the number of second reflectors 11 can be one or more. Each second reflector 11 is set in the auxiliary observation optical path. Specifically, they can be set adjacent to each other or spaced apart. In actual use, the appropriate number can be selected according to the direction requirements of the target image and the reticle image, as well as the optical path folding requirements.

[0078] In this embodiment, the image sensor can be connected to a control terminal, such as a computer, connected to the reticle in the auxiliary optical path unit. In this relationship, the reticle can be an electronic display reticle. The electronic display reticle is also connected to the control terminal, which can control the content displayed on the electronic display reticle. In this embodiment, the image sensor connected to the control terminal can send the acquired image of the observation target to the control terminal. The control terminal controls the electronic display reticle to display the reticle's scribe line structure while simultaneously displaying the image of the observation target. Based on this, both the reticle scribe line and the image of the observation target output by the auxiliary optical path unit can be coupled to the main optical path through a beam splitter. This is generally used in environments with insufficient light, where the target image cannot be observed through the eyepiece. Instead, the image sensor acquires the observation target under infrared illumination and feeds the image of the observation target back to the main optical path through the auxiliary optical path.

[0079] In this embodiment, the image sensor can also be connected to a camera unit, which enables the telescope system to record images obtained by the auxiliary observation optical path while taking pictures or videos with the assistance of the camera unit.

[0080] The embodiment also discloses a working method of the telescopic system, and the steps comprise:

[0081] (1) observing the target to form an image on the main light path after passing through the objective lens and the beam splitter on the main light path, so that the target image is observed through the eyepiece; specifically, in the main light path of the telescopic system, the target is observed to form an image on the back focal plane (nearby) K of the negative focal length eyepiece 6 through the positive focal length objective lens 1 and the beam splitter 10, and the plane where the system exit pupil position 4 is located is the system exit pupil, and the observer observes the target at this position and sees the positive virtual image of the observed target.

[0082] (2) the scale plate is coupled into the main light path coaxially through the auxiliary objective lens on the auxiliary light path and the beam splitter and forms an image on the main light path to obtain a virtual scale plate; the virtual scale plate on the main light path is conjugated with the target image and is coupled to the target image. Specifically, in the auxiliary light path of the telescopic system, the scale plate 7 is imaged on the back focal plane (nearby) of the negative focal length eyepiece 6 through the first mirror 8, the auxiliary objective lens 9 and the beam splitter 10, and at this time, the positive virtual image of the scale plate 7 (i.e. the virtual scale plate is obtained) is observed through the eyepiece 6. In the main light path shown in Figure 11 , the target is imaged on the K plane through the objective lens 1, the scale plate 7 is coupled into the main light path coaxially through the first mirror 8, the auxiliary objective lens 9 and the beam splitter 10, and is also imaged on the K plane, which is conjugated with the target, and the system exit pupil position 4 sees the positive virtual image of the K plane amplified through the negative focal length eyepiece 6, so that the virtual scale plate with the functions of aiming and auxiliary measurement can be realized in the system.

[0083] (3) the observed target is input to the image sensor directly or through the second mirror in the auxiliary observation light path after passing through the objective lens and the beam splitter on the main light path and forming an image in the image sensor to obtain the image of the observed target; specifically, as shown in Figure 11 , the observed target is incident on the upper surface of the beam splitter 10 through the positive focal length objective lens 1, is reflected on the upper surface of the beam splitter 10 and then enters the auxiliary observation light path, is reflected through the second mirror 11 in the auxiliary observation light path and forms a real image on the image sensor 12.

[0084] (4) the scale plate is input to the auxiliary objective lens on the auxiliary light path directly or through the first mirror, is input to the auxiliary observation light path through the beam splitter and forms an image in the image sensor in the auxiliary observation light path to obtain the image of the scale plate; specifically, the scale plate 7 is input to the auxiliary objective lens 9 through the first mirror 8, the light emitted by the auxiliary objective lens 9 is incident on the beam splitter 10 and then enters the auxiliary observation light path through the beam splitter 10, is reflected through the second mirror 11 in the auxiliary observation light path and forms a real image on the image sensor.

[0085] The observer can see the target image and the reticle image of the observation target at the same time at the system exit pupil position 4, which are both positive virtual images, through the above steps (1) and (2); the image sensor can receive the observation target image and the reticle image, which are both real images, through the above steps (3) and (4).

[0086] In addition, it should be noted that the above steps (1) and (2) are not sequential, and are generally executed at the same time.

[0087] In the embodiment, when the image collector of the telescope system is connected to the camera unit, the working method of the telescope system further includes: the camera unit shoots the observation target and the virtual reticle image obtained by the image sensor. When the telescope system works in the daytime, the light is sufficient, and the observation can be directly performed through the eyepiece in the main light path unit. The traditional telescope system has the advantages of directness and reality, and reduces the limitation caused by the use of power supply; and the image sensor connected to the camera unit can make the telescope system work in the daytime, and the camera unit can assist in shooting or shooting video.

[0088] In the embodiment, when the image sensor is connected to the control terminal of the electronic display reticle, the working method of the telescope system further includes:

[0089] (a) the observation target is imaged on the image sensor through the objective lens and the beam splitter under the irradiation of the infrared light source, and the infrared image of the observation target is generated by the image sensor; the specific imaging is as described in the above step (3) of the embodiment.

[0090] (b) the image sensor transmits the infrared image of the observation target to the control terminal, and the control terminal controls the electronic display reticle to display the image of the observation target; wherein the image sensor can be connected to the control terminal through the interface driving circuit, and the interface driving circuit can input the image signal to the control terminal such as a computer according to a standard system.

[0091] (c) the observation target image displayed on the electronic display reticle directly enters the auxiliary objective lens of the auxiliary light path through the first reflecting mirror, and then is coupled to the main light path by the beam splitter, and is imaged in the main light path, so that the corresponding target image and the virtual reticle are observed through the eyepiece in the main light path; the specific implementation process of the step is as described in the above step (2) of the embodiment.

[0092] The target image can be observed through the eyepiece in the night. The target image can be observed through the eyepiece in the night, and aiming and measurement can be further realized.

[0093] Embodiment 4

[0094] The embodiment discloses a telescopic system, as shown in Figure 12 and 13 The difference between the telescopic system of the embodiment and the telescopic system of the embodiment 3 is that the main light path unit of the telescopic system of the embodiment comprises a positive focal length objective lens 1, a first focal plane 2, a turning image unit 5, a second focal plane 2' and a positive focal length eyepiece 3 which are sequentially arranged along the main light path; and the auxiliary light path unit comprises a reticle 7, a first mirror 8, an auxiliary imaging unit (for example, an auxiliary objective lens 9) and a beam splitter 10 which are arranged along the propagation direction of the auxiliary light path. The beam splitter 10 is arranged on the main light path between the objective lens 1 and the first focal plane 2 or between the turning image unit 5 and the second focal plane 2', the first focal plane 2 is the back focal plane of the positive focal length objective lens 1, and the second focal plane 2' is the back focal plane of the turning image unit 5. The telescopic system can observe the magnified and erect target image through the eyepiece 3, and the positive virtual image of the reticle 7 can be introduced into the light path of the main light path unit and conjugated with the target image through the imaging method.

[0095] In the telescopic system, the angle at which the first mirror 8 and the beam splitter 10 are inclined can be as shown in the embodiment 1, and the first mirror 8 can not be used in the case where the mirror image exists, as shown in Figure 13 The type of the reticle 7 used in the embodiment can refer to that shown in the embodiment 1.

[0096] In the telescopic system, the turning image unit can be a unit composed of a plurality of prisms, and the telescopic system can obtain the erect image instead of the inverted image by adding the turning image unit. In addition, when the turning image unit 5 is designed to be zoomed, different magnification ratios can be realized, and the image of the reticle will be magnified or reduced synchronously with the main light path ratio, so that the target image can be observed through the eyepiece in the night, and aiming and measurement can be further realized.

[0097] The embodiment also discloses a working method of the telescopic system, and the steps comprise:

[0098] (1) observing the target to form an image on the main light path after passing through the objective lens and the beam splitter on the main light path, so that the target image is observed through the eyepiece on the main light path; specifically, in the main light path of the telescopic system, the positive focal length objective lens 1 forms an inverted real image of the observation target on the first focal plane 2 (nearby), and then the image is formed on the second focal plane 2' through the image conversion unit 5, and a magnified positive target image can be observed through the positive focal length eyepiece 3 at the system exit pupil position 4.

[0099] (2) the scale plate is coupled into the main light path coaxially through the auxiliary objective lens on the auxiliary light path and the beam splitter and forms an image on the main light path, so that the virtual scale plate is obtained; the virtual scale plate on the main light path is conjugated with the target image and is coupled to the target image. Specifically, in the auxiliary light path of the telescopic system, the scale plate 7 is imaged on the back focal plane of the positive focal length objective lens 1, that is, the first focal plane 2 (nearby), through the first mirror 8, the auxiliary objective lens 9 and the beam splitter 10, to obtain an image 7', and then the image is imaged on the second focal plane 2' through the image conversion unit 5, so that a magnified positive image 7'' of the scale plate 7 can be observed through the positive focal length eyepiece unit 3 at the system exit pupil position 4 (the inverted image system can also be composed of multiple prisms to obtain a positive image), and the auxiliary light path is coaxial with the main light path through the beam splitter 10.

[0100] (3) observing the target to form an image on the image sensor directly or through the second mirror in the auxiliary observation light path after passing through the objective lens and the beam splitter on the main light path, so that the observation target image is obtained; specifically, as shown in Figure 11 , the observation target is incident on the upper surface of the beam splitter 10 through the positive focal length objective lens 1, is reflected on the upper surface of the beam splitter 10 and then enters the auxiliary observation light path, is reflected on the second mirror 11 in the auxiliary observation light path and then forms a real image on the image sensor 12.

[0101] (4) the scale plate directly or through the first mirror enters the auxiliary objective lens on the auxiliary light path, enters the auxiliary observation light path through the beam splitter and forms an image on the image sensor in the auxiliary observation light path, so that the scale plate image is obtained; specifically, the scale plate 7 passes through the first mirror 8 and then passes through the auxiliary objective lens 9, the light emitted by the auxiliary objective lens 9 is incident on the beam splitter 10 and then enters the auxiliary observation light path through the beam splitter 10, is reflected on the second mirror 11 in the auxiliary observation light path and then forms a real image on the image sensor.

[0102] Through the above steps (1) and (2), the observer can simultaneously see the target image of the observation target and the scale plate image at the system exit pupil position 4, both of which are positive virtual images; through the above steps (3) and (4), the image sensor can receive the observation target image and the scale plate image, both of which are real images.

[0103] In addition, it should be noted that the above steps (1) and (2) are not sequential, and are generally performed simultaneously.

[0104] In the embodiment, when the image collector of the telescopic system is connected to the camera unit, the working method of the telescopic system further comprises: capturing the observation target and the virtual reticle image obtained by the image sensor by the camera unit. In the embodiment, the image sensor is connected to the camera unit as described in Embodiment 3, so that the telescopic system can assist in taking pictures or shooting videos through the camera unit.

[0105] In the embodiment, when the image sensor is connected to the control terminal of the electronic display reticle, the working method of the telescopic system further comprises:

[0106] (a) under the irradiation of the infrared light source, the observation target is imaged on the image sensor through the objective lens and the beam splitter on the main light path, and an infrared image of the observation target is generated by the image sensor; the specific imaging is as described in step (3) of the above embodiment.

[0107] (b) the image sensor transmits the infrared image of the observation target to the control terminal, and the control terminal controls the electronic display reticle to display the image of the observation target;

[0108] (c) the observation target image displayed on the electronic display reticle and the reticle structure directly or through the first reflecting mirror enter the auxiliary objective lens of the auxiliary light path, and then are coupled into the main light path by the beam splitter, and are imaged in the main light path, so that the corresponding target image and the virtual reticle are observed through the eyepiece on the main light path; the specific implementation process of the step is as described in step (2) of the above embodiment.

[0109] As described in Embodiment 3, under the condition of night, based on the above steps (a) to (b), the telescopic system of the embodiment can also observe the observation target image through the eyepiece, and can further realize aiming and measurement.

[0110] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited by the above embodiments, and any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present application should be equivalent replacement methods, and are all included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A telescopic system, characterized in that, The main light path unit is used for telescopic observation, and the auxiliary light path unit is used for forming a virtual graticule; The main light path unit comprises an objective lens and an ocular lens arranged along a main light path propagation direction; The auxiliary light path unit comprises a graticule, an auxiliary imaging unit and a beam splitter arranged along an auxiliary light path propagation direction; The beam splitter is located on the main light path and the auxiliary light path at the same time, and is used for coupling the virtual graticule to a target image on the main light path; The auxiliary observation light path unit comprises an image sensor, and light from the objective lens is emitted through the beam splitter and enters the image sensor through the auxiliary observation light path for imaging; the image sensor is connected to a control terminal to which the graticule is connected, the graticule is an electronic display graticule, the image sensor transmits an infrared image of the observation target to the control terminal, the control terminal controls the electronic display graticule to display the image of the observation target, and the image of the observation target displayed on the electronic display graticule and the graticule line structure enter the auxiliary imaging unit of the auxiliary light path, and then are coupled to the main light path by the beam splitter, and are imaged in the main light path, so that the corresponding target image and the virtual graticule are observed through the ocular lens on the main light path.

2. The telescopic system of claim 1, wherein, The image sensor is connected to a camera unit.

3. The telescopic system of claim 1, wherein, The auxiliary observation light path unit further comprises a second mirror arranged in the auxiliary observation light path, and the second mirror is located between the beam splitter and the first image sensor.

4. The telescopic system of claim 1, wherein, The auxiliary observation light path unit further comprises a first mirror arranged in the auxiliary light path, and the first mirror is arranged between the graticule and the auxiliary imaging unit.

5. The telescopic system of claim 1, wherein, The main light path unit further comprises a first focal plane, a transfer imaging unit and a second focal plane; the first focal plane, the transfer imaging unit and the second focal plane are arranged between the objective lens and the ocular lens, and are sequentially arranged along the main light path propagation direction; the objective lens and the ocular lens are a positive focal power objective lens and a positive focal power ocular lens respectively; The beam splitter is arranged on the main light path between the objective lens and the first focal plane or between the transfer imaging unit and the second focal plane.

6. The telescopic system of claim 1, wherein, The objective lens in the main light path unit is a positive focal power objective lens, and the ocular lens in the main light path unit is a negative focal power ocular lens; the beam splitter is located on the main light path between the positive focal power objective lens and the negative focal power ocular lens.

7. A method of operating a telescopic system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It comprises: The observation target is imaged on the main light path after passing through the objective lens and the beam splitter on the main light path, so that the target image is observed through the ocular lens on the main light path; The graticule is coaxially coupled into the main light path through the beam splitter after passing through the auxiliary imaging unit on the auxiliary light path and is imaged on the main light path to obtain the virtual graticule; The virtual graticule on the main light path is conjugated with the target image and is coupled to the target image. When the telescopic system comprises an auxiliary observation light path and an image sensor is arranged in the auxiliary observation light path, the working method further comprises:

8. The method of operating a telescopic system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The observation target is directly or through the second mirror in the auxiliary observation light path after passing through the objective lens and the beam splitter on the main light path, is input into the image sensor and is imaged in the image sensor to obtain the image of the observation target; The graticule is directly or through the first mirror into the auxiliary imaging unit on the auxiliary light path, is input into the auxiliary observation light path through the beam splitter, and is imaged in the image sensor in the auxiliary observation light path to obtain the image of the graticule. ​ ​ 9. The method of operating a telescopic system according to claim 8, wherein, The image sensor is connected with the camera unit, and the camera unit captures an observation target and a virtual reticle image obtained by the image sensor; Alternatively, the image sensor is connected with a control terminal of an electronic display reticle, and the working method further comprises: Under the irradiation of the infrared light source, the observation target is imaged on the image sensor through the objective lens and the beam splitter on the main light path, and an infrared image of the observation target is generated by the image sensor; The image sensor transmits the infrared image of the observation target to the control terminal, and the control terminal controls the electronic display reticle to display the image of the observation target and the reticle structure; The observation target image and the reticle structure displayed on the electronic display reticle directly or through the first reflecting mirror enter the auxiliary imaging unit of the auxiliary light path, and then are coupled into the main light path by the beam splitter, and are imaged in the main light path, so that the corresponding target image and the virtual reticle are observed through the ocular lens in the main light path.

Images