Motor stator assembly with connection unit

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric motor stator assembly with a connection unit. The winding sheet (6) of the electric motor stator assembly (4) has a coil assembly (4) with 12 coils (28), one winding (30) has three groups (A, B, C) of four coils (28) which are arranged in a circumferential direction (22) staggered: so that each group (A, B, C) has two pairs (32a, 32b) of adjacent coils between which there are two pairs of the other groups, all groups have the same sequence of their winding directions (CW, CCW), each pair contains two winding directions, the sequence differs between the two pairs, a technical winding start (36b) from one of the connection regions (16u, 16v, 16w) in the first pair and a technical winding end (36e) leading to one of the connection regions in the second pair in the respective group of the winding sheet in the circumferential direction lie on the side (52) of the respective second coil of the pair which faces the first coil of the pair. The stator assembly (4) contains the winding sheet and a wiring connection unit (8) with three phase collectors (44u, 44v, 44w) which have connection poles (46u, v, w) for the phases (U, V, W).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a stator assembly of an electric motor, comprising a winding package and a connection unit. The winding package comprises 12 coils in the form of stator coils. The stator assembly is part of a stator of an electric motor. BACKGROUND

[0002] EP 2 483 991 B1 discloses an electric motor in the form of a brushless synchronous motor with 10 rotor-side magnetic poles in the form of wound coils and 12 stator-side magnetic poles. The winding of the coils is a laborious process. Furthermore, the coils need to be wired correctly in order to obtain a functioning electric motor.

[0003] It is known from EP 1 526 628 that this wiring is also complex. There it is proposed that this is achieved by means of an electrical connection unit with a switching ring (busbar unit). The connection unit is also a complex assembly.

[0004] The coils form at least part of a winding package. The winding package together with the connection unit forms a stator assembly. SUMMARY

[0005] It is the task of the invention to propose an improvement in connection with a stator assembly.

[0006] This task is accomplished by a winding package for a stator assembly of an electric motor.

[0007] The winding package comprises three windings, each of which comprises a coil group (for short: "group") consisting of two pairs of four coils. The windings are realized by a conductor, in particular a wire, which does not necessarily have to be designed as one piece or uninterrupted. Thus, the winding can also have electrically separate sections which are separate from one another. The coil groups are connected to the connection regions by means of the feeder sections. The coils within the coil groups are connected to one another by means of the transition wires within the pairs and the connection wires between the pairs.

[0008] The winding package comprises three connection regions. Each connection region serves to connect the winding package or the feeder sections to one of the three phases of a three-phase voltage or three-phase current (in the following for simplicity: "three-phase voltage"). The phases of the three-phase voltage are designated below by "U, V, W". The connection regions are in each case electrically single-pole contacts, but are spatially extended regions in which the respective ends and / or starting points of the windings (feeder sections) of one coil group are to be brought into electrical contact. The connection regions here are fictitious spatial regions. The actual electrical connection is realized by means of electrical conductors and in particular by means of a combi- nator, which electrically guides the windings to the three connection poles or brings them into electrical contact. In operation, each of the three connection poles is connected to or supplied by one phase.

[0009] The winding stack has a longitudinal axis, which is assigned an arbitrary but fixed direction here, namely from "below" to "above". Here, the following applies to the selection of the direction, winding direction, numbering, etc. (see below): Here, the respective specific directions / designations / names are chosen for the consistent interpretation of the relationships. There can be respectively different names (for example, "below" is called "above") or all designations are chosen, but with the proviso that the existing relationship consistency is not changed. In this respect, the specific naming of the names, directions, etc. is again negligible.

[0010] In this respect, the winding stack has a lower end face and an upper end face. The winding stack comprises a coil assembly, which is arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis or in the circumferential direction of the longitudinal axis. The coil assembly comprises 12 coils, which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction around the longitudinal axis. Here, the circumferential direction is also assigned an arbitrary but fixed selected direction, which here runs counter to the so-called "right-hand rule". If the straightened-out thumb of a person's right hand is oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis, then the four bent fingers of the hand point in one circumferential direction centered on the longitudinal axis, to which the selected direction here points in the opposite direction. "Uniformly distributed" means that the coils are each offset from one another by 30° in the circumferential direction.

[0011] The coils are stator coils, wherein each of the coils is oriented in the radial direction of the longitudinal axis of the stator assembly. This means that each coil or its winding (as part of the entire winding of the group) defines a face whose surface normal extends in the radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis. All coils are thus oriented concentrically in the circumferential direction of the longitudinal axis and have the same radial distance from the longitudinal axis, i.e. they are distributed on a concentric circle centered on the longitudinal axis. In the winding stack, therefore, the coils form (here not taking into account gaps, etc.) or jointly follow a right circular cylinder, wherein the windings are located on or follow the cylinder face.

[0012] All coils have the same winding geometry, except for two different winding directions. Possible winding directions are "clockwise" (CW) or "counterclockwise" (CCW). Here, the counting direction is determined as follows: It relates to the winding stack separated and unwound or unfolded or laid down on the paper plane from the longitudinal axis: the direction "above" is also on top on the paper plane, "left" is on the left, etc. The separation is made at an arbitrary but fixed selected position between two coils. Thus, the radial inner side of the winding stack faces the observer. The circumferential direction of the winding stack points from left to right in the paper plane, so the "lower" end face and the "upper" end face also maintain their meaning in the paper plane. Only the technical winding direction is mentioned here, i.e. how the winding of the core or coil core, which is not explained in detail here, is physically produced, in particular applied to each coil. The electrical winding direction, which is not considered here, will then only be produced by selecting the direction of current flow in operation. For the purpose of explaining the winding stack, the coils in the unfolded state are sequentially numbered "1" to "12" in the paper plane from left to right.

[0013] The coils are thus identical in their winding, with the exception of the winding direction, have the same dimensions and the same number of turns. At most, there are differences in the winding of the coil wire into the winding, i.e. the same winding geometry can start and end at different winding circumferential positions in the winding direction of the winding around the core, for example in the "lower" or in the "upper" winding sheet, in the "left" or in the "right". The starting and end points of the winding, i.e. the entry and exit points of the winding wire on the coil, can thus be located at different winding positions of the core or coil.

[0014] The coils are divided into three coil groups or three groups, here referred to as "A, B, C", each group comprising four coils. In particular, group A comprises the coils numbered "1, 2, 7, 8", group B comprises "2, 3, 9, 10" and group C comprises "5, 6, 11, 12". All coils of a respective group are connected in an electrical series circuit between two connection areas of the respective group. The winding of a group thus connects two different connection areas and thus in this case two different phases. Thus, in particular, the coils of group A are connected between the U phase and the W phase or their connection areas, the coils of group B are connected between the W and V phases and the coils of group C are connected between the U and V phases. A triangular circuit connection of the three groups of four coils each thus arises electrically between the three connection points and thus the three phases of a three-phase voltage.

[0015] The three groups are arranged in a staggered manner in the oriented circumferential direction with respect to the longitudinal axis, i.e. in the direction in which the coil numbers increase. The stagger is understood as follows:

[0016] Each group comprises exactly two pairs of respectively adjacent coils. A respective pair of the other two groups, i.e. four coils of the other two groups, is arranged between the two pairs. All groups have the same structure in terms of the sequence of their winding directions in the circumferential direction, in particular in the sequence CW-CCW-CCW-CW. Each pair of coils has two winding directions, CW and CCW; and the sequence of the winding directions is different between the two pairs of the group in the oriented circumferential direction. The following situation thus arises within one group: when the sequence in the first pair is "CW-CCW", it is "CCW-CW" in the second pair of the same group and vice versa.

[0017] In the following, with respect to the technical winding direction, the technical winding start and the technical winding end of a respective coil are again taken into account. In this sense, the winding start is the position at which the winding, for example, first begins to form the coil in the winding process, in particular is first placed onto the core or the winding frame or coil former of the coil. The winding end is the point at which the technical winding of the coil ends, i.e. the winding wire is again led away from the coil.

[0018] The technical winding start from one connection zone is located in the first pair of a set (axially) and there on the second coil. It is there on the second coil of the pair on the side of the second coil facing the first coil of the pair, i.e. on the left side on the second coil. Here, it is located on the end side of the coil, i.e. towards a certain end side of the winding laminations; in the naming convention chosen here, fixed as the "upper side" of the winding laminations, i.e. the upper end side of the winding laminations. The end side is the same for all sets, the chosen end side is fixed, here always "upper".

[0019] The following applies to the technical winding end leading to one of the connection points: in the second pair of the respective set, it is also located on the second coil of the pair, also on the "upper side" and also on the "left side" of the second coil of the pair, i.e. on the side facing the first coil of the pair.

[0020] The following applies in particular to the case where the coil set is wound from a single conductor without interruption: it is here the physical start of the winding or winding process of the first wound coil of the respective set in the technical winding direction, which leads from the first connection zone; it is the physical end of the winding of the last wound coil of the respective set, which leads to the second connection zone. Thus, only the respective start and end of the respective winding process is exemplarily chosen or determined here.

[0021] It also applies here that, for the sake of explanation, the determined winding direction is retained here, even if it can be reversed in an alternative variant for the coil set or winding, i.e. from the "end" to the "start" as indicated here. As a result, the respective winding direction of the coils is reversed, so that "CCW" becomes "CW" and vice versa.

[0022] The invention is based on the consideration that the winding of an electric motor or its stator, in particular with a 10-pole rotor, with 12 coils (also called cores, teeth, slots) is a complex process that requires a clever combination of design, technology and manufacturing to reduce costs. The planning of the winding (winding laminations) and its wiring, i.e. the planning of the associated wiring unit (busbar), is more complex for the mentioned 12 / 10 combination compared to other configurations, because this configuration is characterized by asymmetry. The complexity of the wiring unit or busbar leads to more expensive components, more complex manufacturing and the need for additional quality control. A common standard solution for 12 / 10 pole motors uses an asymmetric winding scheme, which requires at least two different winding types for the different phase sets (each with four coils). For example, using the above established naming convention, two phase sets are identically wound (coils 1, 2, 7, 8 and coils 5, 6, 11, 12 in CCW, CW, CW, CCW), but the third phase set is wound in a reversed winding direction (coils 3, 4, 9, 10 in CW, CCW, CCW, CW). This requires the production of two different coil sets, so the same production requires more resources.

[0023] Such solutions have several disadvantages, for example like the need to use a spooling machine; the subsequent post-factum mounting of the respective coil groups for the production of the stator, which is also difficult to transfer into an automated process. Therefore, this winding is usually made by hand. Another solution is to divide the respective coil group into two subgroups and to wind them with different metal wires, and then to connect the subgroups to form the coil group. Although this solution simplifies the spooling process and the handling, it significantly increases the complexity of the connection unit or busbar, since the number of wire ends to be contacted by the contacts is multiplied. Furthermore, the ends of the metal wires or sub-windings to be connected on the stator are displaced by about 180° in the circumferential direction, which increases the length of the required busbar, for example the contact rail / contact sheet and the number of layers in the connection unit, since they cannot usually be mounted in the same layer for space reasons. The revealed soldering or welding costs are also multiplied.

[0024] The solution presented here simplifies the coil connection, which leads to a simplified connection unit or to a simplified busbar, if the latter can optionally even be completely dispensed with. Furthermore, there is a less complex spooling process. According to the proposed solution, all coil groups or windings can be wound with the same conductor; since all coils or teeth can be wound with the same winding scheme at once, the production time of each winding is shortened. Especially suitable for the following embodiments is that all coils of a group can be wound uninterrupted with one conductor. In particular, the winding can be carried out as described above in the sense as described above in the state in which the winding sheet or core is actually placed on one face. Then, the coils "1-12" are lined up and only after being wound into a cylindrical structure (around the longitudinal axis to some extent) are they rolled up to obtain a cylindrical winding sheet.

[0025] For the case of continuous winding of a group with one conductor, there are in total only six connection lines (two ends of each of the three conductors) to be contacted by the contacts in the connection unit that have to be contacted. At this point, by means of the solution presented here, two adjacent connection lines can each be connected to each other three times in order to lead them to the same phase, respectively. Thereby, the busbar design with a given winding sheet is extremely simplified. Furthermore, the winding start and winding end of the winding, which is associated with the interleaving of the coil pairs, is also almost evenly distributed around the winding sheet. This simplifies the contact connection of the respective wire end, since for example more space is provided between the conductor ends for the contact clamp (hook) than next to the wire end. By centrally arranging the winding end and the winding start between one coil pair, respectively, the quality assurance is also simplified.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, all feed line sections of a coil group or of a respective winding which lead from the winding start or winding end to the connection region are exactly parallel to the longitudinal axis. As mentioned above, "winding start / winding end" refers to the input point / exit point of the winding, i.e. of the conductor, into / from the respective coil, not to the respective physical winding end or conductor end. Thus, because the winding start and winding end are already arranged rotationally symmetrically (as mentioned above: centred in the circumferential direction in the respective coil pair), the feed line sections which run "upwards" parallel to the longitudinal axis are also rotationally symmetric and distributed around the longitudinal axis at 60° uniformly offset from one another. It is thus possible to arrange the connection unit in three different rotational positions, the connection unit to be arranged also being designed rotationally symmetric with respect to the contact engagement of the terminal head. These rotational positions are here offset by 120° around the longitudinal axis. The connection unit (busbar) can even in particular be arranged in six different rotational positions which are each rotated by 60° and the circuit is active. That is, each position results in the coil group being actively connected to form a delta circuit. In all three or six rotational positions, the electrical functional connection of the winding laminations is not changed. The feed line sections do not have to be changed here either, nor do they have to be deformed, at most to a minimal extent.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, in at least one group, all feed line sections of the winding which lead from the winding start and winding end to the connection region are located on a first end face (with the designation "upper" selected here), and the connection lines between the pairs are located on the opposite second end face of the winding lamination (thus "lower"). This simplifies not only the arrangement of the switching unit, but also the laying or placement of the connection lines in the form of transitions between the pairs, in particular when the respective group is wound with a single continuous conductor, such as a wire.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, at least one pair, in particular both pairs, of at least one coil group, in particular of all coil groups, are wound with a single conductor without interruption. This has simplified the winding of the relevant pairs, because only a single uninterrupted winding process is required.

[0029] In a preferred variant of this embodiment, in at least one, preferably all, pairs which are wound without interruption, the transition, i.e. the transition line between a pair of coils, extends on the side which faces one another in the circumferential direction and is designed in the shape of an S. Thus, the winding start on one coil and the winding end on the other coil are located on the side which faces one another of the respective coils, but on different end faces. The S shape occurs because the winding on the core is rounded off when it is lifted / placed there. The S-shaped transition is mechanically very forgiving to the wound conductor.

[0030] In a preferred variant of the above-described embodiment, in at least one of the pairs of uninterrupted windings, in particular in all pairs of uninterrupted windings, the second coil is wound first and then the first coil, and / or in at least one of the pairs of uninterrupted windings, in particular in all pairs of uninterrupted windings, the first coil is wound first and then the second coil. Here, too, the technical winding direction is again mentioned, i.e. the direction of the winding process from the "start" to the "end". Thus, the following winding sequence can be mentioned using the above-mentioned numbering, for example: 2-1 / 7-8 / 4-3 / 9-10 / 6-5 / 11-12. Thus, the winding scheme proposed above can be advantageously produced or implemented.

[0031] In a preferred variant of the above-described embodiment, at least one of the coil groups, in particular all coil groups, are each wound uninterrupted with a unique conductor. In particular, this conductor forms the entire winding, including the feeder section. Thus, the winding of the entire coil group concerned is simplified, since only one uninterrupted winding process is required.

[0032] In a preferred variant of the embodiment, in at least one of the coil groups wound without interruption, in particular in all coil groups wound without interruption, the first pair is wound first and then the second pair, in the above-mentioned sense. In the case of the again-mentioned technical winding direction, a very advantageous sequence for the three coil groups 2-1-7-8 / 4-3-9-10 / 6-5-11-12 is obtained in connection with the above-mentioned preferred embodiment.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the winding sheet is intended or designated for use in a 12 / 10-pole electric motor. As explained above, it is known from practice that there are great difficulties in such motor designs. The proposed solution here acts particularly advantageously and leads to a significant simplification and clear advantages.

[0034] The task of the application is also fulfilled by a stator assembly. The stator assembly comprises the above-mentioned winding sheet and a terminal unit arranged or to be arranged on the end side thereof, i.e. on one end face of the winding sheet. The terminal unit comprises three electrically conductive busbars, in particular electrical busbars or busbars, which correspond functionally to the above-mentioned switching rings. Each of the three busbars has one of the three connection poles, for example plug contacts, screw terminals, etc., for one of the three phases. When the stator assembly is assembled or electrically wired, each of the three windings is electrically connected between two of the busbars. That is to say: in the contact-on or assembled state, the winding leads from each busbar to the other busbar. In this way, the groups or their windings are electrically connected with the connection poles and the above-mentioned electrical delta circuit is produced. In particular, the feeder sections of the windings are each electrically connected to one of the busbars here.

[0035] The stator assembly and at least a part of its possible embodiments and the respective advantages have been explained in connection with the comments on the winding lamination and the mating connection unit of the present application.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, each two winding starting points and / or winding end points which are adjacent in the circumferential direction are guided to one of the star connectors, respectively. Here, this refers in particular to the ends of the feeder sections. Whether the connection of the two electrical conductors is two starting points and two end points or one starting point and one end point depends on the connection pole or the two coil groups in connection with which the respective contact point is to be made. Thus, there is the possibility that the star connectors can be designed comparatively small, since they only have to connect adjacent ends of the winding. Thus, there is in particular also the possibility mentioned above that the connection unit is designed to be respectively 120° / 60° rotationally symmetrical, so that it can be placed on the winding lamination in three / six different rotational positions.

[0037] In a preferred variant of this embodiment, the winding starting points of the first group and the winding end points of the third group are electrically collected at the first star connector, i.e. are electrically contacted there, respectively, so that they are finally connected to the connection pole there. The winding starting points of the second and third groups are correspondingly electrically collected at the second star connector or connection pole, and the winding end points of the first and second groups are collected at the third star connector. Thus, a particularly advantageous simple connection of the three coil groups is obtained.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the connection unit is designed to be respectively 120°, in particular 60° rotationally symmetrical with regard to the ability to be placed on one of the end faces of the winding lamination. This does not necessarily relate to the rotational symmetry of the entire connection unit, but only to its electromechanical interface in connection with the winding head, i.e. the ability to be simply placed thereon, and in connection with the respective occurring electrical connection of the winding. Here, the connection unit itself does not necessarily have to be designed to be rotationally symmetrical, for example due to an asymmetric arrangement of the connection poles. An advantage is obtained in particular when the connection unit is mounted on the winding lamination, since here there can be at least three or six equivalent mounting positions.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the star connectors are designed to be identical, perhaps except for the connection poles. Thus, it is only necessary to find the basic design for the respective star connector, i.e. perhaps not including the connection poles, once, which can be used for all three star connectors within the connection unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Further features, effects and advantages of the present application result from the following description of preferred embodiments of the present application and the drawings. Here, the following is shown in each case in a schematic diagram:

[0041] Figure 1 a perspective view of a motor stator with not yet mounted connection unit,

[0042] Figure 2 a winding unit of the stator is shown, Figure 1 three phase collectors of a winding unit,

[0043] Figure 3 a winding diagram for a winding stack is shown, Figure 1

[0044] Figure 4 an electrical connection of a stator with three phase voltages is shown, and Figure 5 a cross section of a stator is shown in a top view, Figure 1

[0045] List of reference signs

[0046] 2 stator

[0047] 4 stator assembly

[0048] 6 winding stack

[0049] 8 winding unit

[0050] 10 core assembly

[0051] 12 core

[0052] 14 coil carrier

[0053] 16u, 16v, 16w connection region

[0054] 18 longitudinal axis

[0055] 20u, 20o end face (lower, upper)

[0056] 22 circumferential direction

[0057] 26 coil assembly

[0058] 28 coil

[0059] 30 winding

[0060] 32a, 32b pair (first, second)

[0061] 34 conductor

[0062] 36b start of winding (technical)

[0063] 36e end of winding (technical)

[0064] 38 feeder section

[0065] 40a, 40b side

[0066] 42 contact point

[0067] 44u, 44v, 44w phase collector ​​

[0068] 46u, 46v, 46w connection pole

[0069] 48 connection line

[0070] 50 transition line

[0071] 52 side (facing each other)

[0072] 60 face

[0073] U, V, W phase of three-phase voltage

[0074] un down

[0075] ob up

[0076] A, B, C group

[0077] CW, CCW winding direction (clockwise / counter-clockwise)

[0078] A in , B in , C in Starting point of winding (technology) of a group

[0079] A out , B out , C out End point of winding (technology) of a group DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] Figure 1 A stator 2 of an electric motor, which is not further shown, is shown in a split state. Here, the electric motor is a so-called 12 / 10 pole electric motor, i.e. its stator has 12 poles or teeth or coils 28 distributed around an iron core 12, and its not shown rotor has 10 poles distributed around in the form of 10 permanent magnets.

[0081] The stator 2 contains a stator assembly 4. The stator assembly 4 comprises a winding lamination 6 and a connection unit 8. In the shown split state, the connection unit 8 has not yet been placed on or connected and electrically contacted with the rest of the stator 2. The winding lamination 6 is here applied to an iron core assembly 10, which is not explained in detail here. It comprises 12 iron cores 12, which are here in the form of single iron cores. Here, each iron core 12 carries one relevant portion of a coil 28 or winding 30 on its coil carrier 14 (see also Figure 5 ).

[0082] The winding sheet 6 has three imaginary, thus here only dashed, connection areas 16u, 16v, 16w. In each of said connection areas 16u, 16v, 16w, the winding sheet 6 is to be connected to one phase U, V, W of a three-phase voltage, respectively. This is done by interposing a wye 44u, 44v, 44w, as explained further below.

[0083] The winding sheet 6 has a longitudinal axis 18, which is assigned a direction here, namely from "un" to "ob". Thus, the winding sheet 6 has a lower end face 20u and an upper end face 20o. The longitudinal axis 18 is also assigned a directed circumferential direction 22. Said assignment is made clockwise when looking at the winding sheet 6 from "ob".

[0084] The winding sheet 6 comprises a coil assembly 26, which in turn comprises 12 coils 28 distributed evenly along the circumferential direction 22 of the longitudinal axis 18. For the sake of overview, the coils are sequentially numbered in circumferential direction 22 by the circle numbers "1" to "12". "Evenly distributed" means that each of said coils 28 occupies a circumferential angle of 30° around the longitudinal axis 18. All coils 28 have the same winding geometry, except for possibly different winding directions (CW: clockwise, or CCW: counterclockwise).

[0085] Figure 3 A winding diagram of the winding sheet 6 is shown. With regard to this illustration, the winding sheet 6 is split between the coils 28 by the numbers "12" and "1" and placed to the paper with its radially outer side. Thus, the radially inner side faces the observer. The circumferential direction 22 thus forms here a straight line extending from left to right. The orientation of the longitudinal axis 18 with the labels un and ob is symbolically entered.

[0086] The 12 coils 28 are divided into three groups A, B, C of four coils 28 each. All four coils 28 of each group A, B, C are designed as an electrical series circuit in a respective winding 30. The series circuits or windings 30 are here connected between two connection areas 16u, 16v, 16w, respectively. The groups are identified in the figure by the name of their respective conductor 34 or associated connection line 48 (see below).

[0087] In circumferential direction 22, the groups A, B, C are arranged as follows:

[0088] Each group A, B, C has a first pair 32a and a second pair 32b of respectively adjacent coils 28 as seen in this direction. For group A, the first pair 32a is formed by coils "1" and "2", and the second pair 32b is formed by coils "7" and "8". For group B, the respective coils are "3", "4" and "9", "10", and for group C, the respective coils are "5", "6" and "11", "12". Between the pairs 32a and 32b of each group A, B, C, a respective pair 32a or 32b of another group A, B, C is arranged. Thus, for example, between the pairs 32a and 32b of group B, the first pair 32a of group C and the second pair 32b of group A are arranged.

[0089] Furthermore, all groups A, B, C also have the same structure with respect to the order of their winding directions CW, CCW along the circumferential direction 22, here CW-CCW-CCW-CW. Furthermore, each pair 32a, 32b has two winding directions CW and CCW, respectively, and the order of the winding directions CW, CCW along the circumferential direction 22 is reversed between the pairs 32a, 32b, respectively, here CW-CCW in the first pair 32a and CCW-CW in the second pair 32b.

[0090] Each of the coils 28 has a technical winding start 36b and a technical winding end 36e. The winding start 36b is the location on the respective coil 28 where the conductor 34 is first placed on the coil 28 or the associated core 12 or coil carrier 14 in the winding process. The winding end 36e is the location where the conductor 34 is removed from the coil 28. In particular in the present case where each group A, B, C is wound with a unique continuous conductor 34 without interruption, the winding start 36b on the first coil (e.g. coil "2" of group A) also forms the winding start 36b of the entire respective group A, B, C; the winding end 36e of the last wound coil (e.g. "8" of group A) is the entire winding end 36e thereof. From the respective winding start 36b and winding end 36e of each group A, B, C, a respective feeder portion 38 leads to the respective connection region 16u, 16v, 16w.

[0091] The technical winding start 36b in the first pair 36a of each group A, B, C from one of the connection regions 16u, 16v, 16w is located above "ob" in the circumferential direction 22, i.e. at the upper end face 20o of the winding sheet 6. It is located on the side 40a of the coil 28 "2", "4", "6" in the first pair 32a which is technically first wound but second in the circumferential direction, towards the other coil 28 "1", "3", "5" in the pair 32a. For this A, this is the side 40a of the coil 28 "2" towards the coil 28 "1".

[0092] The technical winding end points 36e of the groups A, B, C leading to one of the connection regions 16u, 16v, 16w are also located above the respective second coil 28 of the second pair 32b ("8", "10", "12") in the circumferential direction 22 on the side 40b of the second coil 28 facing the first coil 28 ("7", "9", "11") for each of the groups A, B, C. For group A, this is the side 40b of the coil 28 "8" facing the coil 28 "7".

[0093] To indicate the technical winding direction of the groups A, B, C or the winding 30, the end is marked with "A in , B in , C in " as the technical winding start and with "A out , B out , C out " as the technical winding end.

[0094] It can be seen from Figure 3 that three identically wound coil 28 groups A, B, C are produced. It can also be seen from Figure 1 that the respective winding start 36b and winding end 36e of the groups A, B, C are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction 22, i.e. arranged offset by 60° from one another. This in turn allows the respective contact points 42 of the connection unit 8 to be distributed rotationally symmetrically for connecting the winding 30 or the feeder section 38 in the respective connection region 16u, 16v, 16w, in particular in relation to the feeder section 38 extending parallel to the longitudinal axis 18. The contact points 42 are designed here as clips for the winding in the form of the conductor 34.

[0095] Figure 2 The internal electrical structure of the connection unit 8 is shown by omitting its housing or filling, which is shown in Figure 1 but not marked in detail. Only the three busbars 44u, 44v, 44w can thus be seen, each having two contact points 42 for contacting the groups A, B, C in the connection regions 16u, 16v, 16w as described above. The busbars 44u, 44v, 44w are designed here as busbars. The above-mentioned rotationally symmetric structure of the winding sheet 6 allows the same design of the busbars 44u, 44v, 44w themselves, wherein only one connection pole 46u, 46v, 46w is arranged differently for each phase U, V, W on the busbar 44u, 44v, 44w, respectively. But the basic form is the same. It can also be seen that, with the corresponding rotationally symmetric design of the housing of the connection unit 8, it can be placed on the winding sheet 6 in rotationally offset positions by 120° or 60°, respectively, about the longitudinal axis 18, without the electrical wiring of the winding sheet 6 having to be changed. The possibility of the connection unit 8 being placed with respect to the end face 20o of the winding sheet 6 offset by 120°, respectively, is thus designed rotationally symmetrically.

[0096] As can be seen from Figure 1 , this applies in particular when the feeder sections 38 leading from the respective winding start 36b or winding end 36e to the connection regions 16u, 16v, 16w extend straight and parallel to the longitudinal axis 18.

[0097] As can be seen from Figure 1 and Figure 3 , in all groups A, B, C, the feeder sections 38 leading from the winding start 36b or winding end 36e to the connection regions 16u, 16v, 16w are located at a first end face, here the upper end face 20o, of the winding lamination 6. The respective connection lines 48 between the pairs 32a, 32b are located at a second end face, here the lower end face 20u, of the winding lamination 6 opposite the first end face.

[0098] In the present example, not only the pairs 32a, 32b of the coil groups A, B, C, but also the entire coil and the entire winding including the feeder sections 38 are wound with a single conductor 34 without interruption. Here, in all pairs 32a, 32b wound without interruption, the respective transition line 50 of the winding 30 or of the conductor 34 between the coils 28 extends on the sides 52 of the coils 28 facing each other and is designed in an S-shape at the same time. This is due to the reversal of the winding direction. This is shown in Figure 3 for the coils 28 "11" and "12": the transition line 50 between the winding end 36e of the coil 28 "11" and the winding start 36b of the coil 28 "12" is in an S-shape.

[0099] In the respective first pair 32a, seen in the circumferential direction 22, the second coil 28 is wound first and then the first coil 28 is wound (for example the order "2"-"1" in group A). In the respective second pair 32b, seen in the circumferential direction 22, the first coil 28 is wound first and then the second coil 28 is wound (for example the order "7"-"8" in group A). Furthermore, in all coil groups A, B, C, the first pair 32a is wound first and then the second pair 32b is wound.

[0100] With regard to the arrangement of the coil groups A, B, C in the circumferential direction 22, the winding starts 36b of the first group A and the winding ends 36e of the third group C converge to form a first collector 44u and are in electrical contact therewith. The winding starts 36b of the second group B and the third group C converge to form a second collector 44v; the winding ends 36e of the first group A and the second group B converge to form a third collector 44w. This can be seen in particular from the names A in , B in , C in and A out , B out , C out .

[0101] Figure 4 The basic circuit diagram shows coil groups A, B, and C, or their winding starting point A. in B in C in and winding endpoint A out B out C out Wiring with phases U, V, and W. Symbolically draw connection areas 16u, 16v, and 16w again, where the wiring of groups A, B, and C with phases U, V, and W occurs.

[0102] Figure 5 Show along Figure 1 The cross-section of the horizontal plane VV, as indicated by the arrow, is a top view from "above". The individual turns of coils 28 "1" to "12" can be seen. Each turn is applied to the iron core 12. The winding starting point A of coil groups A, B, and C is shown. in B in C in To the winding end point A out B out C out Each feeder section 38 is symbolically shown. In addition, for group A, the transition line 50 within the pairs 32a and 32b and the connecting line 48 between the pairs are also symbolically shown.

[0103] Figure 5 It also shows how each coil 28 or its turns defines the surface 60, indicated by the dashed line. For all coils 28, the surface normal of surface 60 points radially in relation to the longitudinal axis 18. In this sense, all coils 28 are concentrically oriented in the circumferential direction in relation to the longitudinal axis 18 and have the same radial distance from the longitudinal axis 18, i.e., they are distributed on a concentric circle or cylinder centered on the longitudinal axis 18.

Claims

1. A winding lamination (6) for a stator assembly (4) of an electric motor, the winding lamination (6) having: - Three connection regions (16u, 16v, 16w) for a corresponding phase (U, V, W) in a three-phase voltage system. - A coil assembly (26), which is concentric with the longitudinal axis (18) of the winding lamination (6) and comprises twelve coils (28) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction (22) around the longitudinal axis (18). - In addition to the corresponding winding directions (CW, CCW), all coils (28) have the same winding geometry. - in, The winding lamination (6) has three windings (30). - Wherein, the coils (28) are divided into three groups (A, B, C) such that each winding (30) has four coils (28), and all the coils (28) of the corresponding groups (A, B, C) are connected as an electrical series connection between the corresponding two of the connection areas (16u, 16v, 16w). - Wherein, the three groups (A, B, C) are staggered in the circumferential direction (22), such that - Each group (A,B,C) contains exactly two pairs (32a,32b) of adjacent coils (28), and between said two pairs (32a,32b) are arranged one pair (32a,32b) of each of the other two groups (A,B,C), such that - All groups (A,B,C) are structurally identical in terms of the order of their winding directions (CW,CCW) in the circumferential direction (22), and - Each pair (32a, 32b) has two winding directions (CW, CCW), and the order of the winding directions (CW, CCW) in the circumferential direction (22) differs between the two pairs (32a, 32b) of the group (A, B, C). - Wherein, the technical winding start point (36b) in the first pair (32a) viewed circumferentially (22) with respect to the corresponding groups (A,B,C) of the winding laminations (6) and the technical winding end point (36e) in the second pair (32b) are located on the side (52) of the corresponding second coil of the pair (32a,32b) facing the first coil of the pair (32a,32b) at the end side, wherein the winding start point (36b) comes from one of the connection areas (16u,16v,16w) and the winding end point (36e) leads to one of the connection areas (16u,16v,16w).

2. The winding lamination (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that, All feed sections (38) of the coil groups (A, B, C) extending from the winding start point (36b) or winding end point (36e) to the connection area (16u, 16v, 16w) extend straight parallel to the longitudinal axis (18).

3. The winding lamination (6) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In at least one set (A, B, C), all feed portions (38) of the winding (30) from the winding start point (36b) and the winding end point (36e) to the connection area (16u, 16v, 16w) are located on the first end face (20o), and the connecting line (48) between the pairs (32a, 32b) is located on the opposite second end face (20u) of the winding lamination (6).

4. The winding lamination (6) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, At least one pair (32a, 32b) of at least one coil group (A, B, C) is continuously wound by means of a single conductor (34).

5. The winding lamination (6) according to claim 4, characterized in that, In at least one of the uninterrupted windings (32a, 32b), the transition line (50) between the coils (28) of the pair (32a, 32b) extends on both sides facing each other in the circumferential direction (22) and is designed in an S-shape.

6. The winding lamination (6) according to claim 4, characterized in that, in In at least one of the first pairs (32a) of uninterrupted winding, the second coil is wound first in the circumferential direction (22) and then the first coil is wound, and / or in at least one of the second pairs (32b) of uninterrupted winding, the first coil is wound first and then the second coil is wound.

7. The winding lamination (6) according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least one of the coil groups (A, B, C) is continuously wound using a single conductor (34).

8. The winding lamination (6) according to claim 7, characterized in that, in In at least one of the continuously wound coil groups (A, B, C), the first pair (32a) is wound first, and then the second pair (32b) is wound next.

9. The winding lamination (6) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The winding laminations (6) are configured for use in 12 / 10 pole motors.

10. A stator assembly (4) having winding laminations (6) according to any one of the preceding claims and a wiring unit (8), the wiring unit (8) being arranged on the end faces (20u, 20o) of the winding laminations (6) and having three phase collectors, wherein, Each of the phase collectors has one of three connection poles (46u, 46v, 46w) for one of the three phases (U, V, W), wherein each winding (30) is electrically connected between two of the respective phase collectors.

11. The stator assembly (4) according to claim 10, characterized in that, The two corresponding circumferentially (22) winding start points (36b) and / or winding end points (36e) of the winding (30) are connected to one of the corresponding phase collectors.

12. The stator assembly (4) according to claim 11, characterized in that, The winding start point (36b) of the first group (A) and the winding end point (36e) of the third group (C) are electrically connected at the first phase collector (44u), the winding start point (36b) of the second group (B) and the third group (C) are electrically connected at the second phase collector (44v), and the winding end point (36e) of the first group (A) and the second group (B) are electrically connected at the third phase collector (44w).

13. The stator assembly (4) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The wiring unit (8) is designed to be rotationally symmetrical about 120° or 60° with respect to one of the end faces (20°, 20u) of the winding lamination (6).

14. The stator assembly (4) according to claim 11, characterized in that, Except for the connection poles (46u, 46v, 46w), the phase collectors are designed to be identical.

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