A forging process of plunger sleeve forging and plunger sleeve forging

Abstract

A forging process for a plunger sleeve forging and a plunger sleeve forging, and relate to the field of forging technology. The forging process for the plunger sleeve forging includes the following steps: blanking; heating; forging die forming: placing the heated blank into the forging die cavity of the forging die to be compressed and deformed to obtain a blank, wherein the tail of the forging is extruded as a whole using the tail cavity in the forging die cavity when the die is closed, and the head cavity and the ear cavity in the forging die cavity are extruded as a whole using the head cavity and the ear of the forging, so that a flash flush with the end face of the ear of the forging is formed on the outer edge of the end face of the ear of the forging; trimming; flaw detection; heat treatment; surface cleaning. The above scheme can reduce flash, and improve the situation that the ear of the forging is easily stretched and deformed during trimming in the existing forging process, thereby improving product quality and reducing scrap rate, reducing product rework, and improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forging, in particular to a forging process of a plunger sleeve forging and the plunger sleeve forging. Background Art

[0002] Forging is one of the important methods of metal plastic processing, and its main purpose is forming and modification (improvement of mechanical properties and internal structure). In order to make automotive parts such as diesel engine plunger sleeves have higher strength and be able to withstand variable impact loads when the car is running, more and more companies have begun to use forging technology for manufacturing. However, the existing plunger sleeve forgings still have some shortcomings after forging. For example, the existing plunger sleeve forgings are mostly forged by half-mold splitting, and the flash formed after forging is large. Figure 2 , 3 As shown, flashes 4 are distributed on the forging head 1a, the forging tail 1c and the forging ear 1b of the plunger sleeve forging, and the flashes 4 are connected as a whole, wherein the flashes 4 of the forging ear 1b are perpendicular to the two end faces and the side of the forging ear 1b, which not only makes trimming difficult, but also easily pulls the forging ear when trimming due to the flashes of the forging head and the forging tail connecting the flashes of the forging ear. Since the thickness of the forging ear is relatively thin, it is easy to cause the forging ear to be stretched and deformed, resulting in damage to the plunger sleeve forging, thereby affecting product quality and reducing the yield rate, which is also easy to cause product rework and affect work efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a forging process for a plunger sleeve forging to reduce the flash and the ear deformation of the plunger sleeve forging caused by cutting.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a forging process of a plunger sleeve forging, wherein the plunger sleeve forging comprises a forging tail, a forging head and a forging ear provided on the outer peripheral surface of the forging head, and the forging process comprises the following steps:

[0005] S1. Cutting: Cutting the bar into blanks;

[0006] S2. Heating: Place the blank into a heating furnace and set the heating temperature to 1150°C to 1250°C;

[0007] S3. Forging die forming: The heated blank is placed in the forging die cavity of the forging die and deformed under pressure to obtain a blank, wherein the tail of the forging is integrally extruded and formed by the tail cavity in the forging die cavity when the die is closed, and the head and ear of the forging are integrally extruded and formed by the head cavity and the ear cavity in the forging die cavity, so that a flash flush with the end surface of the ear of the forging is formed on the outer edge of the end surface of the ear of the forging;

[0008] S4. Trimming: trim the blank with residual temperature to form the target forging. The blank temperature during trimming should be ≥850℃.

[0009] S5. Flaw detection: Step 1, spraying magnetic suspension; Step 2, magnetic detection; Step 3, repeating Steps 1 and 2, and performing secondary magnetic detection; Step 4, demagnetization;

[0010] S6. Heat treatment;

[0011] S7. Surface cleaning: Place the forging into the shot blasting machine to remove burrs.

[0012] Furthermore, the forging die in step S3 includes an upper die and a lower die, and the upper die and the lower die are respectively provided with corresponding upper forging die cavities and lower forging die cavities, and the forging die cavities are formed by combining the upper forging die cavity and the lower forging die cavity from top to bottom, and the upper forging die cavity is a tail cavity for integrally forming the tail of the forging, and the lower forging die cavity includes a head cavity for integrally forming the head of the forging and an ear cavity for integrally forming the ears of the forging, and the two are connected as one, and the ear cavity is located on the top side of the head cavity and the upper ends of the two are flush.

[0013] Furthermore, an upwardly protruding arc-shaped connecting portion is provided at the upper end of the head cavity and the inner diameter of the connecting portion is the same as the inner diameter of the tail cavity. The area corresponding to the connecting portion on the bottom side wall of the tail cavity expands outward to form a connecting groove adapted to the connecting portion. The connecting portion can be installed in the connecting groove and the inner side wall of the connecting portion is aligned and connected with the inner side wall of the tail cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S4, the blank is vertically inserted into the insertion hole of the trimming die and trimmed by a punch press to form a target forging.

[0015] Furthermore, the heating temperature in step S2 is set to 1200°C.

[0016] Furthermore, the temperature of the blank during trimming in step S4 is 850°C.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a plunger sleeve forging, which is made by the forging process of the plunger sleeve forging described above.

[0018] The forging process of the above-mentioned plunger sleeve forging is to form the forging tail, forging head and forging ear of the plunger sleeve forging as a whole respectively, so that the flash formed by forging is basically distributed on the outer periphery of the forging ear and parallel to the end face of the forging ear, only a small amount of flash is distributed on the forging head, and there is no flash on the forging tail, so that the flash formed by forging can be effectively reduced, making trimming easier and easier, and because the influence of the flash distributed on the plunger sleeve forging head and forging tail on the flash of the forging ear is reduced, the situation that the forging ear is easily stretched and deformed during trimming in the existing forging process can be improved, thereby improving product quality and reducing scrap rate, while also reducing product rework and improving production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the plunger sleeve forging;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view of a plunger sleeve forging in the prior art;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a top view of a plunger sleeve forging in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a first front view of the plunger sleeve forging in the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 5 is a first top view of the plunger sleeve forging in the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a second front view of the plunger sleeve forging in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 7 is a second top view of the plunger sleeve forging in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 8 is a front cross-sectional view of a forging die in an embodiment;

[0027] Fig. 9 is a side sectional view of a forging die in an embodiment;

[0028] Fig.10 A top view of the lower mold in the embodiment;

[0029] Fig.11 It is a bottom view of the upper mold in the embodiment.

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] 1——Plunger sleeve forging 1a——Forging head 1b——Forging ear

[0032] 1c——forging tail 2——upper die 2a——tail cavity

[0033] 2a1——Connecting groove 3——Lower mold 3a——Head cavity

[0034] 3a1——connecting part 3b——ear cavity 4——flash

[0035] 5——protrusion 6——recess 7——auxiliary hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figures 1 to 11 .

[0037] In order to improve the problem that a large number of flashes 4 are formed during forging of the plunger sleeve forging 1 and the ear portion 1b of the forging is easily strained and deformed during trimming, this embodiment provides a forging process for the plunger sleeve forging, and the specific steps are as follows.

[0038] S1. Cutting: The bar material is automatically cut into blanks of appropriate length by a shearing machine.

[0039] S2. Heating: Place the blank into a heating furnace, and set the heating temperature to 1150°C to 1250°C, preferably 1200°C.

[0040] S3. Forging die forming: The heated blank is placed in the forging die cavity of the forging die and deformed under pressure to obtain a blank. When the die is closed, the tail portion 1c of the forging is extruded as a whole by using the tail portion cavity 2a in the forging die cavity, and the head portion 1a and the ear portion 1b of the forging are extruded as a whole by using the head portion cavity 3a and the ear portion cavity 3b in the forging die cavity, so that a flash 4 flush with the end surface of the ear portion 1b of the forging is formed on the outer edge of the end surface of the ear portion 1b of the forging, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 , 5 .

[0041] S4. Trimming: trim the blank while it still has residual temperature to form the target forging. The temperature of the blank during trimming is ≥850°C, preferably 850°C. The blank can be vertically inserted into the insertion hole of the trimming die and trimmed by a 125T punch press to form the target forging, thereby the flash 4 on the periphery of the ear 1b of the forging can be completely removed.

[0042] S5. Flaw detection: The forgings are automatically clamped by the flaw detector and sprayed with magnetic suspension. The magnetic detection results are checked under ultraviolet light. It is required that there are no cracks on all sides of the forgings. If there are cracks, they are marked with chalk and placed in the waiting area. After polishing, they are inspected again. If the flaw detection is qualified, the second magnetic detection is repeated to ensure that it is qualified. The workpieces that pass the second magnetic detection are demagnetized to ensure that the residual magnetism of the workpiece is ≤3 Gauss.

[0043] S6. Heat treatment: Perform tempering heat treatment on the forging; wherein the heat treatment may also include a quenching step before tempering and a room temperature air cooling step after tempering.

[0044] S7. Surface cleaning: Place the forging into the shot blasting machine to remove burrs.

[0045] It should be noted that the forging die in step S3 includes an upper die 2 and a lower die 3, as shown in the attached Figures 8 to 11 , the upper die 2 and the lower die 3 are respectively provided with corresponding upper forging die cavities and lower forging die cavities, and the forging die cavities are formed by combining the upper forging die cavities and the lower forging die cavities from top to bottom, the upper forging die cavity is a tail cavity 2a for integrally forming the tail 1c of the forging, and the lower forging die cavity includes a head cavity 3a for integrally forming the head 1a of the forging and an ear cavity 3b for integrally forming the ear 1b of the forging, and the two are connected as one, wherein the ear cavity 3b is located on the top outer side of the head cavity 3a and the upper ends of the two are flush. Among them, the number of ear cavities 3b can be set accordingly according to the actual number of ears 1b of the forging. In this embodiment, there are two ear cavities 3b and they are arranged on both sides of the head cavity 3a. In addition, matching protrusions 5 and grooves 6 can be set between the upper die 2 and the lower die 3, so as to facilitate positioning when the molds are closed. Among them, the bottom of the lower die 3 can be provided with an auxiliary hole 7 for facilitating the ejection of the plunger sleeve forging 1 from the lower forging die cavity, and the auxiliary hole 7 is connected to the bottom of the lower forging die cavity. In addition, the upper mold 2 can be provided with a receiving groove for receiving the formed flash 4, so as to facilitate the extrusion formation of the flash 4, and the projection surface of the receiving groove can overlap with the ear cavity 3b.

[0046] The forging process of the above-mentioned plunger sleeve forging is to form the forging tail 1c, forging head 1a and forging ear 1b of the plunger sleeve forging 1 as a whole respectively, so that the flash 4 formed by forging is basically distributed on the outer periphery of the forging ear 1b and parallel to the end face of the forging ear 1b, and only a small amount of flash 4 is distributed on the forging head 1a, and there is no flash 4 on the forging tail 1c, so that the flash 4 formed by forging can be effectively reduced, making trimming easier and easier, and because the influence of the flash 4 distributed on the forging head 1a and the forging tail 1c on the flash 4 of the forging ear 1b is reduced, the situation that the forging ear 1b is easily stretched and deformed during trimming in the existing forging process can be improved, thereby improving product quality and reducing scrap rate, while also reducing product rework and improving production efficiency.

[0047] In this embodiment, if Figures 8 to 11As shown, the upper end of the head cavity 3a is provided with an arc-shaped connecting portion 3a1 protruding upward, and the inner diameter of the connecting portion 3a1 is the same as the inner diameter of the tail cavity 2a. The area corresponding to the connecting portion 3a1 on the bottom side wall of the tail cavity 2a is expanded outward to form a connecting groove 2a1 adapted to the connecting portion 3a1. The connecting portion 3a1 can be installed in the connecting groove 2a1 and the inner side wall of the connecting portion 3a1 is aligned and connected with the inner side wall of the tail cavity 2a. The connecting portion 3a1 is located outside the upper end opening of the head cavity 3a, and there are two connecting portions 3a1 and they are symmetrically distributed on the other two sides of the head cavity 3a, that is, the two sides where the ear cavity 3b is not provided. By providing matching connecting grooves 2a1 and connecting portions 3a1, when the tail cavity 2a is combined with the head cavity 3a, the connecting grooves 2a1 and the connecting portions 3a1 can fit tightly, so that the parting lines between the two sides of the head cavity 3a where the ear cavity 3b is not provided and the tail cavity 2a are higher than the parting lines between the two sides of the head cavity 3a where the ear cavity 3b is provided and the tail cavity 2a, and can hinder the flash 4 extruded outward through the other two sides of the head cavity 3a (i.e., the two sides where the ear cavity 3b is not provided), so that it is difficult for the blank to be extruded outward from there to form flash 4 during the pressure forming process, thereby forming flash 4 only on the periphery of the ear 1b of the forging, while no flash 4 is formed on the periphery of the head 1a of the forging, so that the ear 1b of the forging is not affected by other flash 4 during trimming, further preventing the ear 1b of the forging from being strained and deformed.

[0048] Moreover, since the flash 4 only goes around the ear 1b of the forging, it is only necessary to set an insertion hole in the trimming die to insert the head 1a or the tail 1c of the plunger sleeve forging to achieve the positioning of the plunger sleeve, and then use the punch to trim it. Compared with the prior art, the flash 4 is distributed around the entire periphery of the plunger sleeve (see the attached Figure 2 , 3 ), in this embodiment, the flash 4 is only distributed on the ear portion 1b of the forging (see the attached Figure 6 , 7 ), trimming is easier and more convenient, thereby improving production efficiency. Of course, a second groove for the forging ear 1b to be placed in can also be provided on the side of the insertion hole, which can reduce the impact of the punch trimming on the forging ear 1b and further reduce the deformation of the forging ear 1b.

[0049] Moreover, the forging process can ensure the reliability of forging forming and improve efficiency, and the curved mold parting method adopted by the forging process can also reduce the strong friction generated during forming and extend the service life of the mold.

[0050] It should be noted that if Figure 1As shown, the plunger sleeve forging 1 includes a forging tail 1c, a forging head 1a and a forging ear 1b arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the forging head 1a. The forging ears 1b are two and are arranged on both sides of the forging head 1a. Therefore, there are two ear cavities 3b in this embodiment. When the plunger sleeve forging has one or more ears 1b, the number of ear cavities 3b can be adjusted accordingly.

[0051] In addition, this embodiment also provides a plunger sleeve forging, which is manufactured by the forging process of the plunger sleeve forging described above, so that the ear portion 1b of the forging is less deformed and the product quality is better.

[0052] The above is only the preferred implementation of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as the preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, all contents that do not depart from the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the patent scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging process for a plunger sleeve forging, wherein the plunger sleeve forging (1) comprises a forging tail (1c), a forging head (1a) and a forging ear (1b) provided on the outer peripheral surface of the forging head (1a), characterized in that: The forging process comprises the following steps: S1. Cutting: Cutting the bar into blanks; S2. Heating: Place the blank into a heating furnace and set the heating temperature to 1150°C to 1250°C; S3. Forging die forming: placing the heated blank into the forging die cavity of the forging die and deforming it under pressure to obtain a blank, wherein, when the die is closed, the tail portion (1c) of the forging is extruded as a whole using the tail portion cavity (2a) in the forging die cavity, and the head portion (1a) and the ear portion (1b) of the forging are extruded as a whole using the head portion cavity (3a) and the ear portion cavity (3b) in the forging die cavity, thereby forming a flash edge on the outer edge of the end face of the forging ear portion (1b) that is flush with the end face of the forging ear portion (1b); The forging die comprises an upper die (2) and a lower die (3), wherein the upper die (2) and the lower die (3) are respectively provided with corresponding upper forging die cavities and lower forging die cavities, wherein the forging die cavities are formed by combining the upper forging die cavity and the lower forging die cavity from top to bottom, wherein the upper forging die cavity is a tail cavity (2a) for integrally forming the tail (1c) of the forging, and the lower forging die cavity comprises a head cavity (3a) for integrally forming the head (1a) of the forging and an ear cavity (3b) for integrally forming the ear (1b) of the forging, and the two are connected as one body, wherein the ear cavity (3b) is located on the top side of the head cavity (3a) and the upper ends of the two are flush; The upper end of the head cavity (3a) is provided with an arc-shaped connecting portion (3a1) protruding upward, and the inner diameter of the connecting portion (3a1) is the same as the inner diameter of the tail cavity (2a); the area corresponding to the connecting portion (3a1) on the bottom side wall of the tail cavity (2a) is expanded outward to form a connecting groove (2a1) adapted to the connecting portion (3a1); the connecting portion (3a1) can be fitted in the connecting groove (2a1) so that the inner side wall of the connecting portion (3a1) is aligned with and connected to the inner side wall of the tail cavity (2a); The connecting portion (3a1) is located outside the upper end opening of the head cavity (3a), and there are two connecting portions (3a1) symmetrically distributed on both sides of the head cavity (3a) where the ear cavity (3b) is not provided; S4. Trimming: trim the blank with residual temperature to form the target forging. The blank temperature during trimming should be ≥850℃. S5.Non-destructive testing; S6. Heat treatment; S7. Surface cleaning.

2. The forging process of the plunger sleeve forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the blank is vertically inserted into the insertion hole of the trimming die and trimmed by a punch press to form a target forging.

3. The forging process of the plunger sleeve forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating temperature in step S2 is 1200°C.

4. The forging process of the plunger sleeve forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the blank during trimming in step S4 is 850°C.

5. A plunger sleeve forging, characterized in that: The plunger sleeve forging is made by the forging process of any one of claims 1 to 4.

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