Airport Earth Surface Rainwater Storage and Drainage System and Its Storage and Drainage Method

Abstract

The present invention provides a rainwater storage and drainage system for the airport soil area, including an open channel and a soil area. A channel wall is provided between the open channel and the soil area, and pipe holes are provided at the lower part of the channel wall; a perforated permeable pipe is arranged in the soil area, and one end of the perforated permeable pipe extends to the channel wall and is connected to the pipe holes; a flexible pipe is arranged in the open channel, the flexible pipe has a fixed end and a free end, the fixed end is hermetically connected to the pipe holes, the flexible pipe is communicated with the perforated permeable pipe through the pipe holes, and the free end is provided with an opening communicating the lumen of the flexible pipe and the open channel; the flexible pipe has at least a drainage form and a water storage form. The present invention also provides a rainwater storage and drainage method for the airport soil area. By adopting the rainwater storage and drainage system and the storage and drainage method of the present invention, the technical problems that the end flood drainage and risk elimination equipment facilities bear a large load when the rain peak arrives and the risk of the downstream of the airport is high in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of groundwater treatment engineering, and particularly to a rainwater storage and drainage system and method for the soil surface area of an airport. Background Art

[0002] With the in-depth implementation of the concept of "sponge city" in the construction and municipal industries in the country, the six-word policy of "infiltration, retention, storage, purification, utilization, and drainage", which is the core, has been proven to be an effective engineering measure to alleviate urban waterlogging and ensure the safety of people's lives and property. Similarly, under the strong promotion of the construction concept of "four types of airports" by the Civil Aviation Administration, how to comprehensively and effectively build a safe and green sponge airport has become a new hot spot.

[0003] In a safe airport, internal waterlogging safety is a core requirement; this poses requirements on how to use storage ponds in the airport to achieve peak shifting, storage, purification, and reuse.

[0004] The flight area of a civil airport occupies a huge area, and some hub airports can even reach 10 km 2 in size. At the same time, there are a large number of soil surface areas in the flight area. The traditional drainage design in the flight area mainly focuses on quick drainage, which causes the end flood drainage and risk elimination equipment and facilities to bear a huge load when the rain peak arrives, and thus certain risks are also generated.

[0005] If the scattered soil surface areas in the flight area can be effectively utilized to achieve artificially controllable decentralized storage and retention, it will, to a certain extent, disperse the peak runoff, lower the runoff peak, discharge out of peak, thereby greatly sharing the load of the end facilities and reducing the risks downstream of the airport. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rainwater storage and drainage system and method for the soil surface area of an airport, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the end flood drainage and risk elimination equipment and facilities bear a large load when the rain peak arrives and the risks downstream of the airport are high.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a rainwater storage and drainage system for the soil surface area of an airport, including an open channel and a soil surface area. A channel wall is provided between the open channel and the soil surface area, and pipe holes are provided at the lower part of the channel wall; a perforated permeable pipe is arranged in the soil surface area, and one end of the perforated permeable pipe extends to the channel wall and is connected to the pipe hole; a flexible hose is arranged in the open channel, the flexible hose has a fixed end and a free end, the fixed end is hermetically connected to the pipe hole, the flexible hose is communicated with the perforated permeable pipe through the pipe hole, and the free end is provided with an opening communicating the lumen of the flexible hose and the open channel; the flexible hose has at least a drainage form and a water storage form. When the flexible hose is in the drainage form, the opening is lower than the pipe hole, and when the flexible hose is in the water storage form, the opening is higher than the pipe hole.

[0008] The present invention also provides a method for rainwater storage and drainage in the airport soil area, which applies the rainwater storage and drainage system in the airport soil area and includes: when the water level in the open channel is lower than the first preset elevation, keeping the opening lower than the pipe hole so that the flexible hose is in a drainage state; when the water level in the open channel is higher than the first preset elevation, keeping the opening higher than the pipe hole so that the flexible hose is in a water storage state; when the water level in the soil area is higher than the second preset elevation, the accumulated water in the soil area crosses the bank super elevation of the open channel and enters the open channel, and the accumulated water in the soil area is quickly drained.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0010] The rainwater storage and drainage system in the airport soil area of the present invention participates in water storage and drainage by setting an open channel and a soil area together. A perforated permeable pipe is arranged in the soil area, one end of the perforated permeable pipe extends to the channel wall and is connected to the pipe hole. A flexible hose is arranged in the open channel, and the flexible hose is communicated with the perforated permeable pipe through the pipe hole. The free end is provided with an opening communicating the lumen of the flexible hose and the open channel. When the flexible hose is in a drainage state, the opening is lower than the pipe hole, and the accumulated water can be unidirectionally discharged into the open channel through the flexible hose, thus playing the role of a local precipitation funnel, and the excess soil water stored under the soil surface and the pavement can be excluded, alleviating problems such as pavement settlement, subsidence, and water seepage. When the flexible hose is in a water storage state, the opening is higher than the pipe hole, and by using the communicating vessel effect generated by the flexible hose, a large amount of accumulated water can be temporarily stored in the pores in the soil area, thus playing the role of peak shaving and water storage. In addition, when the water level of the accumulated water stored in the soil area is too high, the accumulated water in the soil area crosses the bank super elevation of the open channel and enters the open channel, and the accumulated water in the soil area is quickly discharged until the water level drops below the safe height, and the operation of the airport system will not be adversely affected due to the too high water level in the soil area.

[0011] Preferably, during at least part of the time when the flexible hose is in a water storage state, the opening is higher than the water level in the open channel, and the water level in the soil area and the water level in the flexible hose remain dynamically consistent, and the accumulated water in the soil area will not flow into the open channel temporarily, leaving time for the open channel to drain too much accumulated water. During this period, a large amount of accumulated water is temporarily stored in the pores in the soil area, and the water level in the soil area is higher than the water level in the open channel, thus playing the role of peak shaving and water storage.

[0012] Preferably, when the flexible hose is in a water storage state, the opening is lower than the water level in the open channel, and by using the communicating vessel effect generated by the flexible hose, the water level in the soil area and the water level in the open channel remain dynamically consistent, and a large amount of accumulated water can be temporarily stored in the pores in the soil area, thus playing the role of peak shaving and water storage.

[0013] Preferably, a floating block is provided at the free end, and the floating block drives the free end to float up and down with the change of the water level in the open channel, so that the hose can switch between the drainage state and the water storage state, thereby realizing the maintenance and automatic adjustment of the hose shape under different water level environments and the automatic mutual switching between the drainage and water storage states.

[0014] Preferably, the floating block and the hose are arranged such that when the floating block floats completely in the water of the open channel, the opening is lower than the water level in the open channel, which is beneficial to automatically adjust the opening by means of the floating block to keep the water level in the soil surface area and the water level in the open channel dynamically consistent, thereby playing the role of peak shifting and water storage.

[0015] Preferably, a base is fixed at the bottom of the open channel, and a vertical slide rail is fixed on the base. The floating block floats up and down along the vertical slide rail to prevent the hose from being excessively bent and deformed due to the lateral movement of the floating block with the water flow, which affects the discharge of accumulated water into the open channel.

[0016] Preferably, the soil surface area includes a gravel layer and a sandy soil layer. The gravel layer is arranged above the sandy soil layer, and the perforated permeable pipe is buried in the sandy soil layer. The accumulated water is filtered through the multi-layer fillers in the soil surface area and then flows into the open channel for discharge. Therefore, a large amount of suspended particles will be retained in the fillers, which is beneficial to improving the water quality at the exit of the field area.

[0017] Preferably, the soil surface area includes a gravel layer, and the perforated permeable pipe is buried in the gravel layer. The larger pores in the gravel layer are beneficial to giving full play to the greater water storage function of the soil surface area.

[0018] Preferably, the bottom surface of the section of the open channel adjacent to the soil surface area sinks to be lower than the bottom surface of the section of the open channel outside the area adjacent to the soil surface area, increasing the height difference between the bottom of the open channel and the bottom of the soil surface area, thereby increasing the storage capacity of the pipe channel and being beneficial to more quickly discharging the stored water in the soil surface area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a rainwater storage and drainage system for an airport soil surface area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the hose in the water storage state in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the hose in the drainage state in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: open channel 1, channel wall 11, pipe hole 12, bottom surface 13, soil surface area 2, gravel layer 21, sandy soil layer 22, planting soil layer 23, perforated permeable pipe 3, hose 4, fixed end 41, free end 42, opening 43, floating block 5, base 6, vertical slide rail 61. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 , this embodiment discloses a rainwater storage and drainage system for the airport soil surface area, including an open channel 1 and a soil surface area 2. A channel wall 11 is provided between the open channel 1 and the soil surface area 2, and a pipe hole 12 is provided at the lower part of the channel wall 11; a perforated permeable pipe 3 is provided in the soil surface area 2, and one end of the perforated permeable pipe 3 extends to the channel wall 11 and is connected to the pipe hole 12; a hose 4 is provided in the open channel 1, the hose 4 has a fixed end 41 and a free end 42, the fixed end 41 is hermetically connected to the pipe hole 12, the hose 4 is communicated with the perforated permeable pipe 3 through the pipe hole 12, and the free end 42 is provided with an opening 43 that communicates the lumen of the hose 4 and the open channel 1; the hose 4 has at least a drainage state and a water storage state. When the hose 4 is in the drainage state, the opening 43 is lower than the pipe hole 12, and when the hose 4 is in the water storage state, the opening 43 is higher than the pipe hole 12.

[0026] Among them, the pipe hole 12 is set at an appropriate position at the lower part of the channel wall 11 according to the actual working conditions. For example, the center of the pipe hole 12 is set at a preset height from the bottom surface 13 of the open channel 1. The preset height can be 1 / 3, 1 / 4, 1 / 8, 1 / 10 of the height of the channel wall 11 or other specific values set according to the water level control requirements. It should be ensured that at least the bottom end of the pipe hole 12 is higher than the bottom surface 13 of the open channel 1, leaving a certain space for the drainage state of the hose 4.

[0027] In this embodiment, an adapter is provided in the pipe hole 12, and both ends of the adapter are respectively connected to the hose 4 and the perforated permeable pipe 3. In another preferred embodiment, the adapter is provided outside the pipe hole 12, one end of the fixed end 41 of the hose 4 is connected to one end of the adapter, and the perforated permeable pipe 3 passes through the pipe hole 12 and is connected to the other end of the adapter. In another preferred embodiment, the adapter is provided outside the pipe hole 12, one end of the perforated permeable pipe 3 is connected to the adapter, and the hose 4 passes through the pipe hole 12 and is connected to the other end of the adapter.

[0028] The perforated permeable pipe 3 extends horizontally at the lower part of the soil surface area 2. The pipe length depends on the width of the soil island, but it does not intrude into the shoulder. The perforated permeable pipe 3 is wrapped with a permeable geotextile to prevent soil, stones or other impurities from entering the pipe and causing blockage.

[0029] The flexible hose 4 is preferably made of a material with certain flexibility, stable chemical properties, and not easily damaged or corroded by soaking, such as rubber, silica gel, etc.

[0030] According to the actual water level height, the specific shape of the hose 4 can be changed by lifting, suspending the hose 4, etc. to change the height of the position where the opening 43 is located. When the water level in the open channel 1 is lower than the first preset elevation, the opening 43 is lower than the pipe hole 12, and the hose 4 is in the drainage state; when the water level in the open channel 1 is higher than the first preset elevation, the opening 43 is higher than the pipe hole 12, and the hose 4 is in the water storage state. Herein, the opening 43 being lower than the pipe hole 12 means that the height where the center of the opening 43 is located is lower than the height where the center of the pipe hole 12 is located; the opening 43 being higher than the pipe hole 12 means that the height where the center of the opening 43 is located is higher than the height where the center of the pipe hole 12 is located.

[0031] When the hose 4 is in the drainage state, the accumulated water in the soil surface area 2 enters the perforated permeable pipe 3 by gravity and then is discharged into the open channel 1 through the hose 4, thus playing the role of a local precipitation funnel, which can drain the excess soil water stored under the soil surface and the pavement, and alleviate problems such as pavement subsidence, settlement, and water seepage. During this period, the height of the position of the opening 43 can be adjusted or the height of the position of the opening 43 can be fixed unchanged, so as to control the drainage speed according to actual needs.

[0032] Specifically, when the hose 4 is in the water storage state, the opening 43 of the hose 4 is immersed below the water level in the open channel 1, the opening 43 is lower than the water level in the open channel 1. Using the communicating vessel effect generated by the hose 4, the water level in the soil surface area 2 and the water level in the open channel 1 remain dynamically consistent. A large amount of accumulated water can be temporarily stored in the pores in the soil surface area 2, and at the same time, a large amount of accumulated water can be further stored in combination with the low-lying terrain of the soil island, thus playing the role of peak shaving and water storage.

[0033] In other preferred embodiments, during at least part of the time when the hose 4 is in the water storage state, the height of the position of the hose 4 is changed so that the opening 43 of the hose 4 is higher than the water level in the open channel 1. Using the communicating vessel effect generated by the hose 4, the water level in the soil surface area 2 and the water level in the hose 4 remain dynamically consistent. The accumulated water in the soil surface area 2 will not flow into the open channel 1 temporarily, leaving time for the open channel 1 to drain excess accumulated water. During this period, a large amount of accumulated water is temporarily stored in the pores in the soil surface area 2, and the water level in the soil surface area 2 is higher than the water level in the open channel 1, thus playing the role of peak shaving and water storage.

[0034] Specifically, a floating block 5 is provided at the free end 42. The floating block 5 drives the free end 42 to float up and down with the change of the water level in the open channel 1, enabling the hose 4 to switch between the drainage state and the water storage state. When the water level in the open channel 1 is relatively low, the elevation of the floating block 5 is relatively low, and the hose 4 is in the drainage state; when the water level in the open channel 1 is relatively high, the elevation of the floating block 5 is relatively high, and the hose 4 is in the water storage state, thereby realizing the maintenance, automatic adjustment of the form of the hose 4 under different water level environments, and the automatic mutual switching between the drainage and water storage states.

[0035] Specifically, the floating block 5 and the hose 4 are arranged such that when the floating block 5 floats completely in the water of the open channel 1, the opening 43 is lower than the water level in the open channel 1 to ensure that the water level in the soil surface area 2 is dynamically consistent with the water level in the open channel 1, improving the efficiency of storing and draining accumulated water. Among them, when the floating block 5 floats completely in the water of the open channel 1, the floating block 5 does not bear the supporting force from the bottom surface of the open channel 1. The opening 43 can be fixed at a position below the floating block 5 and immersed in the water together with the lower part of the floating block 5, and the height position of the opening 43 changes with the water level.

[0036] Specifically, a base 6 is fixed to the bottom surface 13 of the open channel 1, and a vertical slide rail 61 is fixed on the base 6. The floating block 5 floats up and down along the vertical slide rail 61 to prevent the hose 4 from being excessively bent and deformed due to the lateral movement of the floating block 5 with the water flow, affecting the discharge of accumulated water into the open channel 1.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the soil surface area 2 includes a gravel layer 21, and the perforated permeable pipe 3 is buried in the gravel layer 21. Among them, the thickness of the gravel layer 21 is 100 cm to 300 cm, and the relatively large pores in the gravel layer are conducive to playing a greater role in storing accumulated water in the soil surface area. In another preferred embodiment, the soil surface area 2 includes a gravel layer 21 and a sandy soil layer 22, the gravel layer 21 is arranged above the sandy soil layer 22, each layer is tamped, the perforated permeable pipe 3 is buried in the sandy soil layer 22, and medium-coarse sand is buried in the sandy soil layer 22. Among them, the thickness of the sandy soil layer 22 is preferably 30 cm. The thickness of each filler layer can be adjusted according to actual needs. The accumulated water is filtered through the multi-layer fillers in the soil surface area and then flows into the open channel for discharge. Therefore, a large amount of suspended particulate matter will be retained in the fillers, which is beneficial to improving the water quality at the exit of the field area.

[0038] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, a planting soil layer 23 is further covered on the gravel layer 21. The thickness of the planting soil layer 23 is preferably 20 cm, grass seeds are sown in the planting soil layer 23, and the planting soil layer 23 is preferably set with a 1% slope towards the open channel 1. The vegetation in the planting soil layer intercepts the suspended particulate matter in the accumulated water, further improving the water quality at the exit of the field area.

[0039] Specifically, the bottom surface 13 of the section of the open channel 1 adjacent to the soil surface area 2 sinks to be lower than the bottom surface of the section of the open channel 1 outside the soil surface area 2, increasing the height difference between the bottom surface of the open channel and the bottom of the soil surface area, thereby increasing the storage capacity of the pipe channel and facilitating the more rapid discharge of the stored water in the soil surface area 2.

[0040] In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, a submersible pump pit is locally arranged at the end of the open channel 1 for slowly discharging accumulated water after the rain stops to prevent the problem of bird damage caused by the stored water in the open channel.

[0041] This embodiment also discloses a method for storing and discharging rainwater in the airport soil surface area, applying the airport soil surface area rainwater storage and drainage system, including: when the water level in the open channel 1 is lower than the first preset elevation, keeping the opening 43 lower than the pipe hole 12 so that the hose 4 is in the drainage state; when the water level in the open channel 1 is higher than the first preset elevation, keeping the opening 43 higher than the pipe hole 12 so that the hose 4 is in the water storage state; when the water level in the soil surface area 2 is higher than the second preset elevation, the accumulated water in the soil surface area 2 crosses the parapet super elevation of the open channel 1 and enters the open channel 1 to quickly discharge the accumulated water in the soil surface area 2.

[0042] The specific state of the hose 4 can be controlled by changing the height of the position where the opening 43 is located by means such as lifting and suspending the hose. In this embodiment, a floating block 5 is arranged at the free end 42, and the floating block 5 drives the free end 42 to float up and down with the change of the water level in the open channel 1, enabling the hose 4 to switch between the drainage state and the water storage state; wherein, the floating block 5 and the hose 4 are arranged such that when the floating block 5 completely floats in the water of the open channel 1, the opening 43 is lower than the water level in the open channel 1, and the opening 43 is fixed at a position below the floating block 5 and is immersed in the water together with the lower part of the floating block 5; a base 6 is fixed on the bottom surface 13 of the open channel 1, and a vertical slide rail 61 is fixed on the base 6, and the floating block 5 floats up and down along the vertical slide rail 61.

[0043] After precipitation, water accumulates gradually within the soil island. The accumulated water passes through each filler layer of the soil surface area 2 within the soil island in sequence. Suspended particulate matter in the water is intercepted within the filler, and the accumulated water enters the perforated permeation pipe 3 and then passes through the pipe hole 12 at the lower part of the channel wall 11 to enter the flexible hose 4. When the water level in the open channel 1 is lower than the first preset elevation, the opening 43 of the flexible hose 4 is kept lower than the pipe hole 12, so that the flexible hose 4 is in a drainage state, and the accumulated water can be unidirectionally discharged into the open channel 1 through the flexible hose 4. When the water level in the open channel 1 rises to be higher than the first preset elevation, the position of the opening 43 of the flexible hose changes to be higher than the pipe hole 12, and the flexible hose 4 becomes in a water storage state. During the process when the flexible hose 4 is in the water storage state, the opening 43 of the flexible hose 4 can be kept lower than the water level in the open channel 1. By using the communicating vessel effect generated by the flexible hose 4, the water levels in the soil surface area 2 and the open channel 1 are kept dynamically consistent. The pores in the soil surface area 2 start to store the accumulated water, and at the same time, a large amount of accumulated water can be further stored in combination with the low-lying terrain of the soil island, thus playing the role of peak shaving and water retention; during the process when the flexible hose 4 is in the water storage state, the position height of the free end 42 of the flexible hose can also be selectively changed to make the opening 43 temporarily higher than the water level in the open channel 1. By using the communicating vessel effect generated by the flexible hose 4, the water levels in the soil surface area 2 and the flexible hose 4 are kept dynamically consistent, and the accumulated water in the soil surface area will not flow into the open channel temporarily, leaving time for the open channel to drain excessive accumulated water. When the water stored in the soil surface area 2 reaches a level higher than the second preset elevation, the accumulated water in the soil surface area 2 crosses the bank super elevation of the open channel 1 and enters the open channel 1, quickly discharging the accumulated water in the soil surface area 2 until the water level drops below the second preset elevation, so as not to cause adverse effects on the operation of the airport system due to the too high water level in the soil surface area 2. When the water level in the open channel 1 drops below the first preset elevation, the position of the opening 43 of the flexible hose 4 changes to be lower than the pipe hole 12, and the flexible hose 4 becomes in the water storage state again, and the accumulated water in the soil surface area 2 can continue to be unidirectionally discharged into the open channel 1 through the flexible hose 4.

[0044] Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Rainwater storage and drainage system for airport pavement area Characterized in that It includes an open channel and a pavement area. There is a channel wall between the open channel and the pavement area, and pipe holes are provided at the lower part of the channel wall; perforated permeable pipes are arranged in the pavement area, and one end of the perforated permeable pipe extends to the channel wall and is connected to the pipe holes; a flexible hose is arranged in the open channel, the flexible hose has a fixed end and a free end, the fixed end is hermetically connected to the pipe holes, the flexible hose is communicated with the perforated permeable pipe through the pipe holes, and the free end is provided with an opening communicating the lumen of the flexible hose and the open channel; the flexible hose has at least a drainage form and a water storage form. When the flexible hose is in the drainage form, the opening is lower than the pipe holes. When the flexible hose is in the water storage form, the opening is higher than the pipe holes; wherein, a floating block is arranged at the free end, and the floating block drives the free end to float up and down with the change of the water level in the open channel, so that the flexible hose can be switched between the drainage form and the water storage form.

2. The rainwater storage and drainage system for airport pavement area according to claim 1 Characterized in that During at least part of the time when the flexible hose is in the water storage form, the opening is higher than the water level in the open channel.

3. The rainwater storage and drainage system for airport pavement area according to claim 1 Characterized in that When the flexible hose is in the water storage form, the opening is lower than the water level in the open channel.

4. The rainwater storage and drainage system for airport pavement area according to claim 1 Characterized in that The floating block and the flexible hose are arranged such that when the floating block completely floats in the water of the open channel, the opening is lower than the water level in the open channel.

5. The rainwater storage and drainage system for airport pavement area according to claim 4 Characterized in that A base is fixed at the bottom of the open channel, and a vertical slide rail is fixed on the base, and the floating block floats up and down along the vertical slide rail.

6. The rainwater storage and drainage system for airport pavement area according to any one of claims 1-5 Characterized in that The pavement area includes a gravel layer and a sandy soil layer. The gravel layer is arranged above the sandy soil layer, and the perforated permeable pipes are buried in the sandy soil layer.

7. The rainwater storage and drainage system for airport pavement area according to any one of claims 1-5 Characterized in that The pavement area includes a gravel layer, and the perforated permeable pipes are buried in the gravel layer.

8. The rainwater storage and drainage system for airport pavement area according to any one of claims 1-5 Characterized in that The bottom surface of the section of the open channel adjacent to the pavement area sinks to be lower than the bottom surface of the section of the open channel outside the area adjacent to the pavement area.

9. A rainwater storage and drainage method for airport pavement area, applying the rainwater storage and drainage system according to any one of claims 1-8 Characterized in that It includes: When the water level in the open channel is lower than the first preset elevation, keep the opening lower than the pipe holes to make the flexible hose in the drainage form; When the water level in the open channel is higher than the first preset elevation, keep the opening higher than the pipe holes to make the flexible hose in the water storage form; When the water level in the soil surface area is higher than the second preset elevation, the accumulated water in the soil surface area crosses the bank super elevation of the open channel and enters the open channel, quickly discharging the accumulated water in the soil surface area.

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